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河北省自学考试英语笔记

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河北省自学考试英语笔记

15. intense adj. 强烈的,紧张的;热烈的 1) Because of the intense heat, I slept very little last night. (由于天气酷热,我昨夜没怎么睡。) 2) The intense light dazzled my eyes. (强光使我目眩。) 3) He has intense interest in computer. (他对计算机有极大的兴趣。) 4) Diplomatic activity has been intense recently. (近来外交活动紧张频繁。) 16. brief adj. 简短的,简洁的v. 作简要的介绍,汇报 1) He will go to England for a brief visit. (他将去英国进行短期访问。) 2) She only made a brief statement at the meeting. (她在会上只作了简短的陈述。) 3) They briefed the press about the recent happenings. (他们向报界通报最近发生的事情。) 4) They had been well briefed about the political situation. (对政治形势他们已被简要告知。) 17. volume n. 卷册,书卷;体积;音量 1) The community has a library of 12,000 volumes. (这个社区有一个藏书12,000的图书馆。) 2) The passenger volume this May was not as big last May. (今天五月的客流量没有去年的大。) 3) Turn down the volume please. The baby is sleeping. (宝宝在睡觉,请把音量调低。) 本课简介 谈到人与人之间的交流方式,人们会很自然地想到语言(口头语言或书面语言),而另一种人们在无意识之中常常运用的交流方式(非语言交际或称肢体语言)也正受到越来越多的关注和研究。 一般的欧洲人会对自己所赞同的东西以微笑和点头的方式表示赞许,对自己所不赞同的东西则皱眉和摇头。不用说一句话,人们就可以此来表明自己的态度。肢体语言与文化是密切相关的,比如中国人的微笑不一定表示赞许,倒可能是出于不安。 肢体语言可被分为五类:1)身体姿势和脸部表情 2)目光交流 3)肢体距离 4)服装和外貌 5)语言特性。关于第三点,不同的文化有不同的反映。在某些文化中,人们在交谈时紧挨在一起是很自然的事,而在其他中,如美国,这样做则是不甚妥当的。 有些信号对所有的人来说都很熟悉。比如一个正跟你交谈的人不停地摆弄铅笔或眼镜,这就表明他很紧张。一个用手捂着嘴巴讲话的人则缺少自信。如果你坐在椅子里扭动身体,悄悄看手表,用手掩着嘴巴打哈欠,这就表明你感到倦了。 某些信号可以人为地控制,但眼神不易控制。如果不是想表达心中挚爱,请别长时间地盯着别人的眼睛看,那样会令人尴尬。 本课语言点 1. That isn't a catch question. catch多用作动词,意思是“抓住;赶上;感染到;着(火);领会”。如: 1) The thief was caught by the police on the scene. (小偷被警察当场抓住。) 2) He didn't catch the last train. (他没赶上末班火车。) 3) He caught a bad cold last week. (他上周得了重伤风。) 1)The building caught fire and many people were trapped in it. (大楼着了火,许多人被困在里面。) 2)Sorry, I didn't quite catch you. (对不起,我没听清你的话。) 在本课文的这个句子中,catch用作名词,意思是a hidden problem,difficulty,or obstacle in sth. (难人的问题,诡计)。如: 1)There is a catch in it. (这里面有蹊跷。) 2)Don't worry. There are no catch questions in the paper. (别担心,试卷里没有怪题。) 3)He was taken surprise by the catch question. (那个怪题使他诧异。) 2. It would almost certainly refer to means of communication that involve the use of words. 在第四单元中我们已经学过refer to (提到,涉及)这个短语。再请看几个例句。 1)In his speech he referred to the difficulties they had overcome. (在发言中,他提到了他们所克服的困难。) 2)What he said at the meeting doesn't refer to you. (他在会上所说的不是指你。) 在第二单元和第二十二单元中,我们已学过动词involve和名词involvement,再请看下面的例句, 注意involve在本课文中的意思和用法。 1)If I were you, I wouldn't get myself involved in this problem. (如果我是你,我不会让自己卷进这个问题中。) 2)She didn't want to be involved in trouble. (她不想卷入纠纷。) 以上两例句中,involve都是“卷入,陷入,牵涉”的意思。 3)To accept the job would involve my living in London. (若接受这份工作,我必须得住在伦敦。) 4)Building this road will involve the construction of some tunnels. (造这条路包括建造一些隧洞。) 在例句3)和4)中,involve的意思是“必须包括某种结果”。在involve后面必须用名词或者动名词。 3. NVC for short. 这是一个省略句,补充完整应该是Non-verbal communication is called NVC for short. (非语言交际被简称为/缩写为NVC.) for short是个常用短语,意思是“简称;缩写”。如: 1)Unidentified flying object is called UFO for short. (不明飞行物被简称为UFO) 2)People's Republic of China is ften written as P.R.C. for short. (中华人民共和国常被缩写为P.R.C.) 4. …the average European will smile and nod approval. 在第三单元中我们已经学过average这个词。average可以做形容词、名词和动词用。如: 1)The average driver thinks that accidents only happen to other people. (司机一般都认为事故只发生在其他人身人。) 2) We averaged 70 miles an hour. (我们平均每小时行70公里。) 3)His performance is above the average. (他的成绩在一般水平之上。) 在本课文的这个句子中,average做形容词用,意思是“普通的”。 nod可以用作及物动词、不及物动词和名词。如: 1)They nodded agreement. (他们点头表示同意。) 2)He nodded me a welcome when I went in. (我进去时,他向我点头表示欢迎。) 3)I nodded to him in greeting. (我向他点头打招呼。) 4)Father nodded in approval when he listened. (父亲听着时点头表示赞同。) 5)Homer sometimes nods. (智者千虑,必有一失。) 6)He didn't give our plan the nod. (他没有同意我们的计划。) 5. …because body language is very much tied to culture… 本句中的be tied to sth.意思是be related to, have to do with (与…有关),如: 1)Many diseases are tied to smoking. (许多疾病与吸烟有关。) 2) The misunderstanding was tied to cultural differences. (这个误会与文化差异有关。) be tied to 也可以表示be restricted by (受…约束),如: 1)She was tied to housework and wouldn't be able to come. (她被家务事束缚,无法前来。) 2)If you have small children, you will be tied to your home. (如果你有小孩子,你就会被束缚在家了。) 6. Quite a lot of work is now being done on the subject of NVC, which is obviously important, for instance, to managers, who have to deal every day with their staff, and have to understand what other people are feeling if they are to create good working conditions. 本句中,which引导非限定性定语从句,修饰NVC;who引导的也是非限定性定语从句,修饰managers;what引导的是宾语从句,做understand的宾语。 一般说来,用which引导非限定性定语从句,修饰表物的先地词;用who引导的非限定性定语从句则修饰表人的先行词;也可用关系副词where或when引导非限定性定语从句。非限定性定语从句常用逗号与主句分开,而且引导从句的关系代词which,that和关系副词where, when不能省略。 1)I want to buy the house, which has a garden. (我想买那座房子,它有一个花园。) 2) The students, who wanted to go out on a picnic, were disappointed when it rained. (学生们想出去野餐,天下雨了大家都感到失望。) 3)The football match will be put off till next week, when we can get everything ready. (足球赛将推迟到下周,那时我们能把一切准备就绪。) 4)The place, where we stayed, has changed so much. (那个地方我们住过,那儿的变化很大。) deal with的意思是“对付,打交道”。如: 1)He is not easy to deal with. (他不容易打交道。) 2)I don't know how to deal with this situation. (我不知道如何应付这种局面。)

10.solution n. 解决办法 solve v. 解决 1)The loan was only a temporary solution to the country's financial difficulties.(借贷只能暂时解决这个国家的经济困难。) 2)After a day's careful thought, he came up with a good solution. (经过一天的仔细考虑,他才想出一个好办法。) 3)We should work together on the solution of our national problems. (我们应该一起解决我们国家的问题。) 4)I really don't know how to solve the problem. (我真不知道如何解决这个问题。) 5)They found a new way of solving the problem. (他们找到了解决这个问题的新办法。) (请注意用solution这个名词时,通常用a solution to a problem表示“问题的解决办法。”。) 11.adapt v. 使适应,使适合;改写 1)We should adapt our thinking to the new conditions. (我们应该使自己的思想适应新的情况。) 2)Some animals will modify their behavior to adapt to their environment. (一些动物改变它们的习性以适应环境。) 3)Can you adapt your way of thinking to the new life-style? (你能使你的思想适应新的生活方式吗?) 4)They adapt a novel for the screen. (他们把小说改编为电影。) 请注意adapt 和adopt的区别,adopt意为“采用;收养”。 1)They are going to adopt new techniques in raising silkworms. (他们准备采用新的养蚕技术。) 2)A little girl was adopted into the family. (一个小女孩被收养为家庭一员。) 12. perfect adj. 完美的;完全的 v. 使完美,改善 1)He speaks perfect English. (他说一口地道的英语。) 2)The actor is perfect for the part. (由这位演员担任这一角色再理想不过了。) 3)He is in perfect health. (他身体十分健康。) 4)He is a perfect stranger. (他是个完全陌生的人。) 5)They decided to send their son to England to perfect his English. (他们决定把儿子送到英国去提高他的英语水平。) 13. acceptable adj. 可以接受的 accept v. 接受 1)This proposal is acceptable to all. (这个建议大家都能接受。) 2)Tom received an acceptable marks on the test. (汤姆在测验中的分数尚可。) 3)Don't accept everything you see on TV as true. (别以为在电视上看到的一切都是真实的。) 4)I didn't expect him to accept my suggestion. (我没指望他接受我的建议。) 5)The plan has won wide acceptance among the people. (这个计划受到了人们的普通欢迎。) 6)He nodded in delighted acceptance. (他愉快地点头表示赞同。) 14. evidence n. 发现;(调查或研究)结果;根据 evident adj. 明显的 1)Do you have any evidence for this statement? (你这样说有任何根据吗?) 2)There are evidences that somebody has been living here. (迹象表明有人一直住在这儿。) 3)It is evident that we do not understand each other. (显然,我们彼此不了解。) 4)He spoke with evident disappointment. (他带着明显的失望说话。) 5)We can say with good evidence that their work is one of the best. (我们有充分的证据说明他们的工作是的。) 15. determine v. 决定;确定 determined adj. 下决心的 determination n. 决心;结论 1)He has determined on a course of action. (他已决定了行动计划。) 2)The police wanted to determine all the facts. (警察想查明全部事实。) 3)His father is determined to quit smoking. (他父亲决心戒烟。) 4)He made his determination after he read the test report. (他在看了化验报告后下了结论。) 5)Mr. Smith is a man of determination. (史密斯先生是个有决断力的人。) 16. growth n. 生长 grow v. 生长 1)The growth in tourism is really astonishing. (旅游业的发展实在令人惊异。) 2)The rapid growth of world population is creating more and more problems. (世界人口的迅速发展带来了越来越多的问题。) 3)His hair has grown too long. (他的头发长得太长了。) 4)Friendship grew between them. (他们之间产生了友情。) 5)You will grow used to it. (你会渐渐对此习惯的。) 本课主要构词法 Affixation 词缀法 1. 形容词后缀 -able disagreeable acceptable 2. 副词后缀 -ly scientifically previously entirely frequently 3. 名词后缀 -ion imagination solution 4. 反义词前缀 un- unknown unpleasant 本课简介 在“Scientific Attitudes”这篇课文中,作者指出科学始于人类对周围环境的疑问。当人类具有去伪存真的能力时,科学也开始迅猛发展。好奇和想像是有助于推动科学发现和发展重要素质。作者还认为具有科学头脑的人相信“因果”关系。任何现象的存在必有原因,只是有些尚未被发现。思想开放、无偏见;尊重别人的观点;凡事以事实为依据都是科学的态度。 人物背景 1.Benjamin Franklin:富兰克林(1706-1790年),美国政治家及科学家。美国18世纪名列华盛顿后的最的人物,参加起草独立宣言。在科学方面进行过有名的电实验,并对电做了理论说明。只受过极短的正规教育,全靠勤奋自学成才。法国经济学家杜尔哥颂扬他“从天空抓到雷电,从专制统治者手中夺回权力”。 2.Thomas Edison:爱迪生(1847-1931年),美国发明家。技术历史中显著的天才之一,拥有白炽灯、留声机、电影放映机等1093种发明专利,还创办了世界上第一个工业研究实验室。 3.Galileo:伽利略(1564-1642年),意大利物理学家及天文学家。对现代科学思想的发展作出过重大贡献。最早用望远镜观察天体,并曾用大量事实证明地球环绕太阳转,否定地心说。 4.Louis Pasteur:巴斯德(1822-1895年)法国化学家及微生物学家。证明发酵及传染病是微生物引起的,创始并首先应用疫苗接种以预防狂犬病、鸡霍乱等,挽救了法、英等国的养蚕业和啤酒业。 5.Edward Jenner:金纳(1749-1823年),英国医生,牛痘接种法创始人。历经周折使牛痘接种法得以公认,并传播到欧美大陆及全世界,使天花的病死率大为下降。

Unit3(第7讲—第10讲) 4. One idea was that it reached out to “the edge of the world”。 Another idea was that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot. 这两个都是表语从句和主句中的系动词连用的句子。结构为:主语+系动词+表语从句。请看下面的例句:My idea is that we contact him as soon as possible.(我的想法是我们应该尽快跟他联系。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) My suggestion is that we should put off the meeting.(我的建议是我们应该把会议延期。) 2) One advantage of solar energy is that it will never be used up.(太阳能的一个优点是用之不竭。) 3) 问题是你不在时谁照管孩子。(The problem is who will take care of the children while you are away.) 4) 看起来天要下雨。(It looks that it is going to rain.) 请注意辨析another 和other: another由 an+other构成,只和单数可数名词连用。other可用于所有名词前。another+单数名词表示不定的“另一个”,the other+单数可数名词表示特指的“另一个”。 请看下面的例句: 1) This idea is not very practical, will you think of another one?(这个主意不太实际,你能另想一个吗?) 2) This book is too difficult. Show me another one.(这本书太难了,给我看另外一本。) 3) Of the three books in my bag, two are published in China, the other is published in the United States.(我包里的三本书中,两本是中国出版的,另一本是美国出版的。) 4) Tom is here, but where are the other boys?(汤姆在这儿,其他的男孩在哪儿呢?) 5) I like this coat better than the other one.(两件上衣中,我更喜欢这一件。) 6) This camera is more expensive than the other one.(这架照相机比另一架贵。) boiling hot意思是“滚热的,酷热的”。此处的boiling不是形容词而是副词,表示热的程度,修饰hot. 5. Sailors were afraid that they might sail right off the earth. 此句中,that引导的名词性从句作形容词的补足语。例如: 1) I am afraid that I can not finish the article in two hours.(我担心我两小时内写不完这篇文章。) 2) He was afraid that he couldn't give you a definite answer.(他担心他不能给你一个明确的答复。) 3) I am afraid that I have made a mistake.(我担心自己犯了一个错误。) 4) We are confident that we can overcome all the difficulties.(我们相信自己能克服所有的困难。) 对“be + 形容词 + that引起的从句”这类结构,语法家们有的认为that从句做宾语用,有的认为that从句做状语用。根据句子的逻辑意义来判断也许比较方便一些。如:I'm sorry that you failed the exam again. 这个句子中的that从句起状语作用,相当于“…because you failed the exam again.” 6. The Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific,… 在第一单元中我们讨论过副词的同等比较。本句中as big as 则是形容词的同等比较。在这类句子中,可以有表示程度的状语。例如: 1) This book is not half as interesting as that one.(这本书还不如那本书一半有趣。) 2) My monthly income is only half as much as his.(我的月收入只有他的一半多。) 3) This year our university will enroll three times as many students as it did the year before last.(我们学校今年的招生人数将是前年的三倍。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) 我的英语口语还不及你的一半流利。(My spoken English is not half as fluent as yours.) 2) 这只手提箱还没有那只手提箱一半重。(This suitcase is not half as heavy as that one.) 3) 这个房间是那个房间的两倍。(This room is twice as large as that one.) 7. But suppose no more rain fell into it and no more water was brought to it by rivers. suppose 常常做动词用,意思是“假定;猜想;认为”。例如: 1) Let's suppose it to be true.(让我们假定这是真的。) 2) I suppose he is very nervous.(我猜想他很紧张。) 3) I supposed him to be an honest man, but he often tells lies.(我以为他很诚实,他却经常说谎。) 在本句中suppose(也可以用supposing)是一个连词,意思是“假设(= if);假使…结果会怎么样”。例如: 1) Suppose he is ill, what shall we do?(假如他病了,我们怎么办?) 2) Suppose a tiger should come out of the cage?(如果一只老虎从笼子中跑出来怎么办?) 3) Suppose something should go wrong?(如果出了什么问题会怎么样?) 8. It would take the ocean about 4000 years to dry up. it takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 是很常用的一个句型。例如: 1) 我骑自行车到学校要花半小时。(It takes me half an hour to get to school by bike.) 2) 他花了两个星期时间才看完那本书。(It took him two weeks to finish reading that book.) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) It took the boy three hours to finish his homework.(那个男孩花了3小时才写完作业。) 2) It takes less than 4 hours to get to Shanghai by train from Nanjing.(从南京乘火车到上海只要不到4小时。) 3) 他花了4天时间才走出密林。(It took him 4 days to go out of the forest.) 4) 照顾一个生病的老人要花许多时间。(It will take a great deal of time to look after a sick old man. 9. On the average the water is a little more than two miles deep, but in places it is much deeper. on the average在句子中的意思是“平均而言”。例如: 1) On the average, they drove 70 miles an hour.(他们平均每小时行驶70英里。) 2) On the average, they spend 20 yuan on food every day.(他们平均每天花20块钱吃饭。) a little 在句子中修饰more,表示程度,意思是“一点儿,稍许”。much在句子中修饰deeper,也表示程度,加强形容词比较级,意思是“…多”。例如: 1) I feel a little cold.(我觉得有点冷。) 2) He spent a little more than 20 yuan yesterday.(昨天他花了20块多一点儿。) 3) I feel much better now.(我现在感觉好多了。) 4) She is much more careful this time.(她这一次细心多了。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) 干了一天的工作,我觉得有点累。(I feel a little tired after a day's work.) 2) 她对她的同学有点不友好。(She is a little unfriendly to her classmates.) 3) 听了那个消息他开心多了。(He was much happier after hearing that news.) 10. This “deep” measures 30,246 feet——almost 6 miles (9.6km)。 本句中的deep做名词用,意思是“深处”,“海渊”(水深超过3000英里)。 measure 在句子中做动词用,意思是“测量”,“有…深”。例如: 1) This room measures 10 metres across.(这个房间宽10米。) 2) The bridge measures 17 kilometres long.(这座桥长17公里。) 3) The water tank only measures 2 metres deep.(这只水箱只有2米深。) 11. One of the longest mountain ranges of the world rises from the floor of the Atlantic. 本句中的 longest与课文前几段中出现的narrowest,saltiest,deepest一样,都是形容词的级形式。因为这几个词是单音节词或是以元音结尾的双音节词,所以,级的构成是在词尾加-est.对于大部分两个音节以上的形容词,级的构成是在形容词前面加most.请看例句: 1) He wants to make everybody believe that he is the happiest person in the world.(他想使每一个人相信他是世界上最幸福的人。) 2) This is the strongest horse I have ever seen.(这是我所见过的壮的马。) 3) The boss wanted to find the most careful employees.(老板想找最细心的雇工。) 4) 黄山是我所知道的最美的山之一。(Yellow Mountain is one of the most beautiful mountains I have ever known.) 5) 这条高速公路是中国最长的。(This express way is one of the longest in China. ) 6) 这本书是三本书中最有意思的。(This book is the most interesting of the three.) rise 是一个不及物动词,在句子中的意思是“升起;隆起”。例如: 1) The sun rises in the east.(太阳在东方升起。) 2) Give the child some medicine, his temperature is rising.(给孩子服药,他的体温在升高。) 3) The mountain peak rises above the clouds.(山峰高耸入云。) 请注意区别以下动词: 1) rise 不及物动词 (起立;上升,高耸;浮现) The old lady rose to her feet when she heard the doorbell. The tower rises to a height of 70 feet. An idea rises in my mind. 2) raise 及物动词 (举起;养育;提高;召集) If you have any questions, please raise your hands. When Father was in the army, Mother had a hard time raising three children. The management promised to raise the workers'salary after the negotiation. He failed to raise the money for his father's heart operation. 3) arise 不及物动词 (升起;出现;由…引起) Heavy smoke arose beyond the mountain. New problems arise when old ones are solved. His illness arose from malnutrition. 4) arouse 及物动词 (唤醒;激起,引起) The noise outside aroused him from sleep. The music aroused a feeling of homesickness in him. floor在句子中的意思是“海底”。在其他语言环境中,floor当然有其他的意思。如; 1) He lives on the seventh floor.(他住在7楼。) 2) The wood floor gives a feeling of warmth in the winter.(冬天时,木地板给我温暖的感觉。) 3) He was given the floor at the meeting.(他在会上得到了发言权。) 4)He decided to floor the kitchen with plastic tiles.(他决定用塑料砖铺厨房地面。) 12. The tops of a few of the mountains reach up above the sea and make island top 在句中做名词用,意思是“顶部,山顶”。例如: 1) He was the first to climb to the top of the hill.(他第一个爬上山顶。) 2) When we stand on the top of the mountain, the whole city is in sight.(我们站在山顶时,整个城市尽收眼底) 请翻译下面的句子,注意top的词类和意思: 1) He shouted at the top of his voice.(他放声高叫。)-n. 2) He is running at the top of his speed.(他正以最快的速度奔跑。)-n. 3) He is the top student in the class.(他是班上的尖子学生。)-adj. 4) This is the top news of the week.(这是本周的头条新闻。)-adj. 5) His father is a top diplomatic advisor.(他父亲是高级外交顾问。)-adj. 6) Mother is going to top the cake with cream.(妈妈准备在蛋糕上浇奶油。)-v. 7) He tops his father by half a head.(他比父亲高出半个头。)-v. 8) She needs a new skirt to match her top.(她需要一条新裙子配她的上衣。)-n. 与top有关的词组: come out top(名列前茅) come out on top(出人头地) from top to bottom(从上到下,彻底地) from top to toe(从头到脚;完全) on top of the world(非常幸福;心满意足) 13. Several hundred miles eastward from Florida there is a part of the ocean called the Sargasso Sea. called the Sargasso Sea 是修饰ocean的定语从句,在其前省去了which is. 请看下面的例句: 1) Opportunities are often thing (that) you have not noticed the first time around. (机会常常是第一次出现时没有被人们注意到的东西。) 2) There is much (that) the little boy can do.(有许多是那小男孩能做。) 3)He is the right person (that) I want to discuss the problem with.(他正是我想与其讨论这个问题的人。) 14. In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed here. Sometimes they were. days常常指“时期,时代”,有时也表示“一生;生命”。请看例句: 1) In his boyhood days, he often went swimming and fishing with his friends.(在他的童年时代,他常常和伙伴们一起游泳,钓鱼。) 2) In the days of Queen Victoria, the British colony expanded rapidly.(在维多利亚女王时代,英国殖民地迅速扩张。) 3) He has experienced a lot of hardships in his days.(他一生中吃了许多苦。) crew是一个集合名词,指“全体船员”,后面的谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数,此句中谓语动词用的是复数were,因为从句子中可以推断出是许多vessels(船)上的船员。Sometimes they were.句子中省略becalmed. 15. The Atlantic furnishes much food for the people on its shores. furnish sth. to sb. 意思是“为…提供”,我们同样可以用furnish sb. with sth.来表达这个意思。例如: They furnished blankets and food to the refugees.(他们为难民供应毯子和食物。) No one expected that he would furnish the information to the opponent.(谁也没有料到他会把消息提供给对手。) Luckily, they have furnished us with a car and all the necessary maps.(幸运的是他们为我们提供了一辆汽车和所有必要的地图。) 16. One of its famous fishing regions, the Grand Banks, is near Newfoundland. the Grand Banks在句子中做同位语。请看下面的例句: 1) This theory was advanced by Einstein, a famous scientist.(这个理论是由科学家爱因斯坦提出的。) 2) This is Mr. Benjamin, dean of our department.(这是我们系主任本杰明先生。) 3) Qinghai Lake, the largest inland body of salt water in China, lies 3,198 metres above sea-level.(中国的内陆咸水湖青海湖海拔3,198米。) 本课主要词组及句型 词组: 1. separate from 2. keep sb. from doing sth. 3. be unwilling to do sth. 4. between A and B 5. make sth unusual 6. so…that 7. dry up 8. on the average 9. rise from 10. furnish sth for sb. 11. pile up 12. from…to 句型: A.定语从句: 1) The Atlantic is one of the oceans that separate the Old World from the New. 2) Ocean currents affect the climates of the land near which they flow. B.表语从句: 1) One idea was that it reached out to “the edge of the world”。 2) Another idea was that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot. C.结果状语从句: 1) There is so much water in the Atlantic that it is hard to imagine how much there is. 2) We now have such fast ways of travelling that this big ocean seems to have grown smaller. D.形容词的比较级和级: 1) The Atlantic is only half as big as the Pacific, but still it is very large. 2) It is more than 4,000 miles wide where Columbus crossed it. 3) Even at its narrowest it is about 2,000 miles wide. 4) Also, it is the world's saltiest ocean. 5) The deepest spot is near Puerto Rico. E.be one of+复数名词 The Atlantic Ocean is one of the oceans that separate the Old World from the New. F.it takes sb. some time to do sth. It would take the ocean about 4,000 years to dry up. 地理名称 1.(七)大洲和(四)大洋 Asia (亚洲) Europe(欧洲) Africa(非洲) North America(北美洲) South America(南美洲) Oceania (大洋洲) the Antarctic(南极洲) The Atlantic(大西洋) the Pacific(太平洋) the Indian(印度洋) the Arctic(北冰洋) 2.常用词 continent (大陆) continental shelf(大陆架) subcontinent(次大陆) iceberg(冰山) mountain range(山脉) volcano(火山) delta (三角洲) waterfall(瀑布) gulf(海湾) straits; channel(海峡) coast line (海岸线) beach(海滩) 3. 大西洋之最 1) The Atlantic is the second largest ocean in the world 2) The Atlantic is the saltiest ocean in the world 3) Puerto Rico Trench is the deepest in the Atlantic Ocean. 4) Gulf Stream is the strongest warm water current in the Atlantic Ocean. 5) The Grand Banks near Newfoundland is the most prosperous fishing region in the world. 6) The drainage area of the Atlantic is four times that of the Pacific or the Indian. 2. 主要属海和岛屿 the Mississippi 密西西比河 the Hudson 哈得逊河 the Amazon 亚马逊河 the Congo 刚果河 Baffin Bay 巴芬湾 the Nigeria 尼日利亚河 the Rhine 莱茵河 the Caribbean Sea 加勒比海 the Mexican Gulf 墨西哥湾 the Hudson Bay 哈得逊湾 the Mediterranean Sea 地中海 the Black Sea 黑海 the North Sea 北海 the Baltic Sea 波罗的克海 Iceland 冰岛 Greenland 格陵兰岛 Faeroe Islands 法罗群岛 Shetland Islands 设得兰岛 Bermudas 百慕大群岛 Azores 亚速尔群岛 Grenada 格陵纳达岛 Antilles 安的列斯群岛 Trinidad Islands 特里尼达群岛 Malvinas Islands 马尔维纳斯群岛 Bahamas 巴哈马群岛 Text B The Moon 短语表达 1. tie to(与…联系在一起;使束缚于…) He is seriously ill and has been tied to his bed for almost a month.(他病得厉害,已经卧床近一个月了。) Study ties smoking to many diseases.(据研究,许多疾病与抽烟有关。) I am sorry I didn't have the time to go shopping with you. I was tied to housework.(很抱歉我没能有时间和你一起去购物,家务杂事把我拴住了。) 2. except for(除了…之外) The room is empty except for some chairs.(房间里除了一些椅子空荡荡。) Your composition is well written except for some spelling mistakes.(除了几处拼写错误,你的文章写的不错) 3. be near to(靠近) The park is near to our school. Let's go boating.(公园离我们学校很近,我们去划船吧。) The police station is near to our community. It is within walking distance. (警察局离我们社区很近,步行就能到达。) 4. face towards(朝向) My office is in the building that faces towards the street.(我的办公室在那座朝街的楼里。) His new house faces towards the south.(他的新房子朝南。) 5. keep…in mind(把…记在心里) I am not sure if he would keep what you have said in mind.(我不能肯定他是否会把你说的话记在心里。) I will keep this in mind for future reference.(我会记住这个,供以后参考。) 6. light up(变亮;使容光焕发) Her face lighted up when she heard the news.(听到那个消息,她面露喜色。) His face was lighted (lit) up with excitement.(他因兴奋而满面春风。) 7. reflect(反射) Mirrors reflect light.(镜子反射光。) The white sand reflected the sun's heat(白沙地反射太阳的热气。)。 The light reflected from the water into my eyes.(光线投过水面反射到我眼里。) 8. …enough for sb. to do sth.(足以让某人做某事) The room is big enough for us to have a dancing party.(这间房够大了,我们可以在里面开舞会。) The basket is light enough for the little boy to carry.(这只篮子很轻,那个小男孩能提动。) 9. speak of(提到,说起) I have never heard him speak of his past.(我从来没有听他提起他的过去。) She always looks proud when she speaks of her son.(说到她的儿子她总是很自豪的样子。) 10. otherwise(不然;另外的) He reminded me of what I might otherwise have forgotten.(他提醒了我,不然我可能会忘记那件事。) He is a little careless, but he is otherwise quite suitable for the job.(他有点粗心,除此以外,他倒是很适合这个工作的。) He is honest, but his twin brother is otherwise.(他很诚实,而他的孪生兄弟则不然。) 11. nothing but(仅仅,除了…之外没有什么) There is nothing but a piece of bread in the cupboard.(食橱里除了一片面包什么也没有。) He asked for nothing but trust.(除了信任,他什么要求都没有。)

河北自学考试英语笔记

【免费定制学历提升方案和复习资料: 】高等教育自学考试英语二是必考科目,很多人报考英语二都觉得有难度,下面小编为大家整理自考《英语二》必考高频词汇及短语整理,供参考。自学考试必备词汇及短语1. blessing n. 祝福,祷告2. complain vi. 抱怨,悲叹,控诉3. remind v. 提醒 vt. 使想起,提醒4. victim n. 受害者,牺牲5. depression n. 沮丧,萧条6. unrest n. 不安的状态, 动荡的局面7. illegal adj. 不合法的,非法的 n. 非法移民8. immigrant n. 移民, 侨民 adj. 移民的9. trafficking n.(人或车等)交通流量,不正当生意(走私) v.做生意(多指违法的), 游览10. contribute vt. 捐助,投稿 vi. 投稿,贡献,是原因之一11. quit v. 离开,辞职,停止12. bring in 介绍,带进,引入,赚取,判决13. look forward to vt. 展望(期待)14. prepare for 为...做准备15. believe in 相信, 信任16. reward n. 报酬,报答,赏金 vt. 给...报酬,奖赏17. tragic adj. 悲剧的, 悲惨的18. passion n. 激情,热情19. crucial adj. 关键的,决定性的20. privileged adj.有特权的, 特许的21. motivation n. 动机22. prioritize vt. 把 ... 区分优先次序23. pattern n. 图案, 式样, 典范 v. 以图案装饰; 仿造, 模仿24. strategy n. 战略, 策略25. routine n. 例行公事, 常规,无聊 adj. 常规的, 例行的,乏味的26. locally adv. 地方性地, 局部性地, 位置上27. unique adj. 独一无二的, 独特的, 稀罕的28. survive vt. 比…活得长,幸免于难,艰难度过 vi. 活着, 继续存在29. client n.顾客; 当事人; 诉讼委托人; [计算机]客户端30. finance n. 财政, 资金 vt. 给...提供资金, 负担经费31. obligation n. 义务, 责任32. landscape n. 风景,山水,风景画 v. 美化…的景观,进行造园工程33. exceed vt. 超过, 胜过, 超出界限 vi. 领先34. assume vt. 假定, 设想, 承担; (想当然的)认为35. alleviate vt. 减轻,使...缓和36. seasoned adj. 经验丰富的37. various adj. 各种各样的38. professional adj. 职业(上)的,专业的 n. 专业人员39. lie in 在于40. get up 起床,起立41. seek out vt. 寻出(挑出)42. in place 在适当的位置43. apply for 申请自考《英语二》高频词汇大全自学考试英语二作文复习资料Lesson five first principlesWhat do u learn about laura?Why were her parents so proud of her?Laura was a slim,dark-haired girl of fourteen. she was smart and a pupil at Green Valley Academy. Christmas Day was coming,laura wanted a ballerina dress as a gift from her parents to attend some parties. But when laura‘s mother told her about her father’s unemployment,she understood them and said she didn‘t care about presents or parties. During the time when the family spent Christmas Day at the farm,laura seemed to radiate happiness. It was laura’s obvious pleasure that had a wonderful Christmas Day. Therefore,laura‘s parents were proud of her.Lesson six The beauty of BritainBritain is a small but beautiful country .One of its charms lies in its variety with the territory of 240500 square kilometers,it has mountains,plains and lakes as other countries. Someone perhaps says that the mountains there are only mountains in miniature . Although those mountains are small,they all have the air of great mountains .Another characteristic of Britain is its happy surprise. A traveler will kept being pleasantly astonished by the landscape. On a rolling plain,you might suddenly noticed mountains with step slopes ahead. In a highly developed industrial district,he would see out of expectation a rough wilderness. But the most impressing would be the happy compromise between Nature and Man,country and city .This characteristic is obvious in suburbs where the inhabitants can not only enjoy the civilization of the city,but also live a comfortable country gentlemen‘s life .报考考试有疑问、不知道如何考点内容、不清楚报考考试当地政策,点击底部咨询猎考网,免费获取个人学历提升方案:

2023年4月自考的考试时间在4月15日-16日,英语二是自考的必考课程,复习自考英语的时候,考生总觉得很难,其实自考考生要多背单词,短语和语法,多积累一些英语作文,就可以取得一个不错的成绩。现整理了一些自考英语二的高频知识点,考生可以记忆。自考英语二单词词汇整理Goal名词 目标,目的,球门,终点,得分。Objective 形容词客观的, 实体的,目标的。Accomplish 动词完成,达到(目的)。Predict动词预言,预测,预告。implement动词实施,执行,落实(政策)tendency名词倾向,趋势,性情,癖好。achievement名词完成,达到,成就,成绩。argue动词坚决主张,劝告,表明,******budget名词预算,预算案,拨款,一束+define动词规定, 使明确,精确的解释entity 名词实体,本质+in the way这样in part在某种程度上,部分地,一半pointofview观点contributeto 捐献,促成,投稿toapplyfor申请(职位)applyto 应用到to turndown拒绝,驳回,顶回去escape动词逃脱,(液体、气体)漏气, (未受伤或受了一点伤)逃脱;逃避;被忽视。explode动词发怒,激增,爆发exploded爆破了的。collapse动词折叠,倒塌,崩溃。shrink动词收缩,萎缩,退缩,缩水。gravity名词重力,万有引力。measurement名词量度,分量,尺寸,测量法basis名词基础,主要成分,基本原则base onlaunch动词发射,投入。convincing形容词令人相信的,有说服力的动词,使相信companion动词同伴,同行名词伙伴。speculation名词投机买卖(活动)心swallow动词,名词吞,咽。operate动词运转, 操作。to makeuseof利用,使用,假借a great many许多,很多aboveall首要的是,尤其,最重要的是。weaken动词(使) 削弱(变弱),衰减。deteriorate动词使恶化,变坏。debate动词,名词讨论, 辩论+legal形容词法律上的,合法的名词合法权利request名词要求,需要动词请求。criterion名词(批判,批评)准则,标准。ensure动词确保,担保。oppose动词反对tradition 名词传统,惯例。consideration名词考虑,考察,关心,照顾。disable动词使无能力,使残废。burden动词使烦恼,劳累名词负担,包袱。vulnerable形容词易受攻击的,易受伤的vulnerability名词弱点,攻击。prohibition名词禁令,禁律sensitive形容词敏感的,易受影响to debate on对某个辩题辩论debate about辩论关于to make request for sb.给某人提出要求make a requestto sb./for sth.向某人(为某事)提出请求be opposed to反对….背道而驰to take .. into account把…考虑进去。abuse:vt./n.滥用,妄用;虐待,凌辱academic:a.学院的,学会的;学术的accent:n.重音;口音acceptable:a.可以接受的accessible:a.易接近的;易受影响的(to);可理解的accident:n.意外;偶然事故accompany:vt.陪伴,陪同;伴随,一起发生;伴奏accomplish:vt.完成(任务等)achieve:vt.完成achievement:n.完成,达到;成就,成绩achive:vt.完成,实现,达到,得到acid:n.酸,酸性物质 a.酸的acknowledge:vt.承认;表示感谢acquaintance:n.认识,了解;相识的人,熟人acquire:vt.获得,得到acronym:n.首字母缩略词wander:vi.漫游,徘徊,漫步;离题want:v.想要war:n.战争warden:n.保管人;管理人;看守人;监护人warfare:n.战争,作战,交战;斗争,竞争warm:a.温暖的warmth:n.暖和,温暖;热烈,热情warn:vt.警告;注意Warren Harding:沃伦·哈定wash:v.&n.洗涤自学考试英语二备考句型过渡句入门:1. ..may further be supported by………可以进一步证实……2.However, why is…important/indispensable/necessary?但是为什么……很重要(必不可少、有必要)?3.As a proverb says…/As is well known to us…正如一句名言所说(正如我们所知)……4.People should pay more attention to the..because…人们应该增加对……的重视,因为……进阶:1.Besides/In addition/Apart from this, other ways/aspects/functions are…除此之外,另外一些方法(方面、作用)是……2. …is but one of many effects.Another i……只不过是其中一个影响。另一个是……3.Another equally important aspect/function is…另一个同样重要的方面(作用)是……4.Closely connected with/related to/associated with this factor is…与这个因素密切相关的另一个因素是…报考考试有疑问、不知道如何考点内容、不清楚报考考试当地政策,点击底部咨询猎考网,免费获取个人学历提升方案:

河北自学考试英语笔记整理

英语笔记整理好看的方法如下:

方法一:

1、准备一个精美耐用的16开笔记本。

2、记录形式—表格。以表格的形式对知识点进行分类和整理,具有条理清晰、方便记忆等优点。

3、记录内容:将知识点分为单词、短语、句型、语法四大部分,并附带例句。

4、侧重疑点与难点。在笔记上,对重难点用不同颜色的笔作醒目的标记,其意在于提醒此处的重要性,便于复习。

5、做笔记时,注意留一定的空白。由于知识我们会越学越多,有些知识是老师后来补充的,所以学生在记笔记时应留有一定的空白,以容纳同类型的新知识。

方法二:

首先是在课本上做笔记。即在课本上把相关的重要语法知识点画出来,画出来的内容包括,词组,句型,以及本课重点突出的语法点,当然还包括那些自己不会的东西。并用不同颜色的笔画,每种颜色由自己规定一种含义。比如红色是重难点,蓝色是难点等等。

把自己在家学习的东西,重要的知识点抄到小纸条上,随身携带。公交上,厕所里,排队时,拿出来,“刷个脸”,记忆最好的就是这些零散时间,就像减肥,要少食多餐!随着时间的流逝,捧起这本厚厚的笔记本你一定会觉得很有成就感,因为它就像是私人订制一样。

今天教务老师给大家收集整理了自考英语二怎么背教材,河北省自考英语二教材的相关问题解答,还有免费的自考历年真题及自考复习重点资料下载哦,以下是全国我们为自考生们整理的一些回答,希望对你考试有帮助!自考英语二怎么学自考英语二学习技巧如下:1.做冲刺题,所谓冲刺题就是要做一些题目跟考试的真题一样的,每一部分都是给自己做测试。并且每一次做都要告诉自己这就是自考英语二的考试,以此强化自己的应场能力。2.研究历年真题,不断总结。历年真题,尤其是近10年真题,是无数专家学者智慧的结晶,我们可以研究里面的单词,句子,优美语句甚至专门背下来。3.端正心态,相信自己。自考英语属于拿到学位必须的一环。其难度如何?大约相当于大学英语四级的难度。如果你高中英语很好,或者之前考过四级,基本不用担心。扩展知识:英语二是自考本科段中公共课目的必须课程,也几乎是自学考试所有非英语专业的课程中最难通过的一门。课程学分为14分,是所有科目里学分最高的科目,使用的教材是全国版教材。自考英语二怎么学习,考过的求教了我是一个高考的过来人。首先我想请阁下明白一个道理冰冻三尺非一日之寒,所以坚持很重要,英语是一门很看重积累的科目。虽然我高考已经好多年了,而且今年即将大学毕业,踏入社会。但英语一直没有丢,英语一直是我的排头兵!我对英语的自信还有,我觉得学好英语不难,重要的是你要有恒心,急躁冒进,三天打渔两天晒网都是不行的。在这里我就毛遂自荐一下我的学习方法吧:首先先你要端正心态,不要急躁,,你做你自己的事,这样才能静下心来学习。要成为英语高手就必须比别人走更多的路,做更多的事。你应该明白一个事实,英语是单词和语法的综合,所以单词和语法都要拿下。其次,对于单词,有如下几种方法,第一个,是加强记忆的频度,也就是说,早上记了几个,隔几个小时又看一次,总之一天之内,记忆的间隔不要太长,否则你辛苦积累的记忆会随着时间的延长而淡化,第二个,是可以根据自己的理解编顺口溜,比如goodmorning是狗摸你……,第三个,最重要的是,记单词的时候,不要忘了阅读,一边记单词,一边看文章,这样可以把孤立的单词串联起来,记忆的效果会加倍,第四个。我建议你记单词要分门别类记忆,要形成一个意群,比如,重要性用magnitudemagnificence,表示非常,大大地有exceedingly,tremendously,extremely……这样做在你写作时,是十分有好处的,写作时不要尽写一些低级词汇,你要写高级词汇,比如重要性写magnitude,许多写amultitudeof或者handsome。再次,是语法。学习语法,首先要明白什么是主谓宾定状补,什么是系动词,什么是直接宾语,间接宾语,这些是学习语法的基础,语法是房子,主谓宾定状补等是沙石砖瓦此外,对于完形填空以及阅读理解,那就只能靠平时的练习了,在这个过程中,你要时时总结,纵深对比,千万不要陷入题海战术只做题,不总结的误区当中。在做题的过程中,你把各种体型都总结了一遍,积累了丰富的经验,而且你还提升了自己的阅读速度,一举两得,所以做题是很重要的!其实,完形填空无非就是单项选择加语境分析,也就是说,做完形填空你的语法要好,而且你要积累比较多的固定搭配,短语,特殊用法等,完形填空的语法还是很重要的!对于阅读,我个人感觉是,纯粹是个人经验积累多少的问题,只有保证一定的练习量,你才能用质的提高!最后,我建议你,平时读报,或者做题的时候,发现有好的句子好的词汇,你要抄下来,长期下来,你的作文会有提高的,需要说明的是,这个提高过程可能很缓慢,但是最后能收到很好的效果,以前25分的作文我都能保证在21-23这个级别,靠的就是对语法的熟练掌握和积累了许多较高级的词汇,句型,句子。我个人的理解是,在你的语法达到基本不会出错的程度上,作文便应该以词汇取胜,因为在这个层次上,大家的语法都差不多,没什么变化,唯一有变化的就是你的词汇!给你打个比方吧,很多想到“许多”就用many,但是你别忘了manya;handsome;massive,innumerable;很多人想到“专家”就写expert,但很少人会想到specialist,很多人在想到“擅长”这词,就写begoodat,却不知还有更高级的表达法:beexpertat或者excelin……高手和庸才,就体现在这些细微的差别上!!自考/成考有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚当地自考/成考政策,点击底部咨询官网老师,免费领取复习资料:

2023年4月自考的考试时间在4月15日-16日,英语二是自考的必考课程,复习自考英语的时候,考生总觉得很难,其实自考考生要多背单词,短语和语法,多积累一些英语作文,就可以取得一个不错的成绩。现整理了一些自考英语二的高频知识点,考生可以记忆。自考英语二单词词汇整理Goal名词 目标,目的,球门,终点,得分。Objective 形容词客观的, 实体的,目标的。Accomplish 动词完成,达到(目的)。Predict动词预言,预测,预告。implement动词实施,执行,落实(政策)tendency名词倾向,趋势,性情,癖好。achievement名词完成,达到,成就,成绩。argue动词坚决主张,劝告,表明,******budget名词预算,预算案,拨款,一束+define动词规定, 使明确,精确的解释entity 名词实体,本质+in the way这样in part在某种程度上,部分地,一半pointofview观点contributeto 捐献,促成,投稿toapplyfor申请(职位)applyto 应用到to turndown拒绝,驳回,顶回去escape动词逃脱,(液体、气体)漏气, (未受伤或受了一点伤)逃脱;逃避;被忽视。explode动词发怒,激增,爆发exploded爆破了的。collapse动词折叠,倒塌,崩溃。shrink动词收缩,萎缩,退缩,缩水。gravity名词重力,万有引力。measurement名词量度,分量,尺寸,测量法basis名词基础,主要成分,基本原则base onlaunch动词发射,投入。convincing形容词令人相信的,有说服力的动词,使相信companion动词同伴,同行名词伙伴。speculation名词投机买卖(活动)心swallow动词,名词吞,咽。operate动词运转, 操作。to makeuseof利用,使用,假借a great many许多,很多aboveall首要的是,尤其,最重要的是。weaken动词(使) 削弱(变弱),衰减。deteriorate动词使恶化,变坏。debate动词,名词讨论, 辩论+legal形容词法律上的,合法的名词合法权利request名词要求,需要动词请求。criterion名词(批判,批评)准则,标准。ensure动词确保,担保。oppose动词反对tradition 名词传统,惯例。consideration名词考虑,考察,关心,照顾。disable动词使无能力,使残废。burden动词使烦恼,劳累名词负担,包袱。vulnerable形容词易受攻击的,易受伤的vulnerability名词弱点,攻击。prohibition名词禁令,禁律sensitive形容词敏感的,易受影响to debate on对某个辩题辩论debate about辩论关于to make request for sb.给某人提出要求make a requestto sb./for sth.向某人(为某事)提出请求be opposed to反对….背道而驰to take .. into account把…考虑进去。abuse:vt./n.滥用,妄用;虐待,凌辱academic:a.学院的,学会的;学术的accent:n.重音;口音acceptable:a.可以接受的accessible:a.易接近的;易受影响的(to);可理解的accident:n.意外;偶然事故accompany:vt.陪伴,陪同;伴随,一起发生;伴奏accomplish:vt.完成(任务等)achieve:vt.完成achievement:n.完成,达到;成就,成绩achive:vt.完成,实现,达到,得到acid:n.酸,酸性物质 a.酸的acknowledge:vt.承认;表示感谢acquaintance:n.认识,了解;相识的人,熟人acquire:vt.获得,得到acronym:n.首字母缩略词wander:vi.漫游,徘徊,漫步;离题want:v.想要war:n.战争warden:n.保管人;管理人;看守人;监护人warfare:n.战争,作战,交战;斗争,竞争warm:a.温暖的warmth:n.暖和,温暖;热烈,热情warn:vt.警告;注意Warren Harding:沃伦·哈定wash:v.&n.洗涤自学考试英语二备考句型过渡句入门:1. ..may further be supported by………可以进一步证实……2.However, why is…important/indispensable/necessary?但是为什么……很重要(必不可少、有必要)?3.As a proverb says…/As is well known to us…正如一句名言所说(正如我们所知)……4.People should pay more attention to the..because…人们应该增加对……的重视,因为……进阶:1.Besides/In addition/Apart from this, other ways/aspects/functions are…除此之外,另外一些方法(方面、作用)是……2. …is but one of many effects.Another i……只不过是其中一个影响。另一个是……3.Another equally important aspect/function is…另一个同样重要的方面(作用)是……4.Closely connected with/related to/associated with this factor is…与这个因素密切相关的另一个因素是…报考考试有疑问、不知道如何考点内容、不清楚报考考试当地政策,点击底部咨询猎考网,免费获取个人学历提升方案:

河北自学考试英语笔记怎么做

英语笔记应该怎么记比较好:

不一定每个单词都写下,我们可以记录重点词就好。因为有些句子会有默认主语名称为第一名称,所以这些我们记录笔记时是可以省略的。

如果写一些历史或者旅游相关的,里面出面很多地名或者人名我们可以利用大写字母缩写代替。每个都写下,效率又低。

有些信息量比较大的词段,我们可以列提纲记录。这样我们在复习时可以直接看提纲在回想当天内容,这个需要经常回想才会比较有效果。

有些来不及记下的笔记一时想不起怎么写可以利用联想法先记录,等下课整理时可以在更正,这样就不会因为来不及做笔记而懊恼影响后面的课程了。

英语笔记记录方法:

1.第一类记录方式,是将英语笔记随手做在书本、练习册、试卷旁边空白处。

这种做法出现一个明显弊病,各记录内容极其离散,常常因为试卷抛弃而记录内容随之抛弃,或者因为无法确认记录内容处在何处而放弃对比,最终导致看到就看到,没看到就算了这种心态和做法的出现。

2.第二类记录方式,是利用作业本或笔记本来进行记录。

这种记录方式的好处在于自由度高一些,至少能够让内容集中记录,复习方便了很多。但弊端是查找起来非常不方便。

3.第三种记录方式,是利用活页纸进行记录。

记英语笔记是提高英语写作和口语能力的重要方法之一。具体步骤如下:1. 阅读英文文章或听英语听力后,记录文章或听力的主题、要点、重点词汇、短语、句型结构等内容。2. 按照文章或听力的逻辑结构,将记录的内容组织成条理清晰的笔记,可采用时间轴、主题分类、思维导图等方式进行整理。3. 多做笔记练习,尽可能地模仿英文原文的表达方式和句式,提高英文表达能力。4. 将笔记尽可能地与实际生活和工作场景联系起来,应用到具体的写作和口语练习中,加深记忆。5. 定期回顾和总结已经做的笔记,并适时对缺陷进行补充完善,不断提升英语学习效果。在记英语笔记时,需要遵循思路清晰、内容准确、形式简洁明了的原则,帮助自己更好地学习和应用英语语言。

1. 首先确定笔记的目的和范围。为什么要记笔记,笔记的内容是什么,要注意哪些重点和难点。2. 选择合适的笔记工具。可以选择电脑、手机、平板等数码设备,也可以使用笔记本、便签纸等传统物品。3. 记录内容要简明扼要,重点突出。不要完全照抄教材或课件,要筛选出自己所需要的信息,并且注重归纳总结。4. 使用简单易懂、具有可视化效果的方法进行笔记。比如画图、制表、标记关键词等方法,方便回顾复习。5. 定期整理笔记。对于已经记好的笔记需定期整理,有助于加深记忆和梳理知识框架,也有助于更好地把各个知识点联系起来。6. 与他人交流分享笔记。可以将笔记分享给同学或老师,获取他人的意见和建议,也可以为别人提供帮助并沉淀自己的知识。7. 充分利用网络资源。可以通过搜索引擎、在线翻译等工具来获取更多资料和信息,也可以在网络上搜索相关笔记资料进行参考和借鉴。

怎么记英语笔记主力位置更能然后了机会很多女人都喜欢听到类似的表现看到一帮老家伙们看看皮埃罗正跑到落点处留守的擦这样的未完待续禁区外沿的直接对话坎比亚索的然后难看足球听话地飞向了

河北自学考试英语笔记电子版

Unit1 Text A How to be a successful language learner? 本课主要单词 1. successful adj. 成功的 He is a successful writer. (他是一个有成就的作家。) He hopes he will be successful this time. (他希望他这次能够成功。) success n. 成功 Their film is a great success.(他们的影片很成功。) We are sure of success. (我们一定能成功。) succeed v. 成功 I succeeded in getting the job. (我成功地得到了这份工作。) She succeeded in passing the exam. (她考试及格了。) 2. adult adj. & n. 成年的,成熟的;成年人 These adult films are not suitable for children.(这些成人电影,儿童不宜观看。) Don''t worry too much about him, he is an adult now.(别为他过分担心,他是成年人了。) 3. disagree vi. 有分歧,不同意;不符,不一致 agree vi. 同意 I disagree with you about this.〔对于这件事,我跟你的意见不同。〕 These figures disagree with last week''s results.(这些数据与上周的结果不符。) I agree with what you said. (我同意你所说的。) She agreed to the plan.(她赞成这个计划。) We haven''t agreed on the date of the meeting.(我们还没商定会议的日期。) agreement n. 同意;协议 disagreement n. 不同意 We haven''t reached an agreement yet.(我们还没达成协议。) There was no disagreement, and the proposal was accepted.(没有不同意见,这个建议被接受了。) (请注意:前缀dis-通常可以加在动词,名词,形容词前面,构成反意词。例如:dissatisfy,disorder,disable. 后缀-ment加在动词的后面,构成名词。例如:arrangement,argument 等。) 4. statement n. 声明,陈述 (由动词state 加名词后缀-ment构成) Very soon he made his first public statement about the affair. (他很快就此事件首次发表公开声明。) Do you believe the witness''s statement? (你相信证人的陈述吗?) (请注意动词与名词的搭配:issue a statement, make a statement) 5. guarantee n. & v. 保证,担保,保修 He gave his guarantee that he would repay the money as soon as he could.(他保证他会尽快还钱。) The washing machine is guaranteed for five years.(这台洗衣机保用5年。) (请注意guarantee做动词的用法:guarantee sth.,guarantee that, guarantee against / from ) 6. intelligent adj. 聪明的,明智的 He made an intelligent decision.(他做出了明智的决定。) Human beings are much more intelligent than animals.(人类远比动物聪明。) Intelligence n. 聪明,智力 She prided herself on her intelligence.(她为自己的聪明感到自豪。) Intelligently adv. 聪明地,明智地 They dealt with the problem intelligently.(他们明智地处理了这个问题。) 7. conversely adv. 相反地 Some are wealthy but unhappy; conversely, others are happy but not wealthy. (有的人富有但不快乐,相反,另一些人快乐但不富有。) converse adj. 相反的 I hold the converse opinion.(我的观点相反。) converse v. 交谈,谈话 He felt it difficult to converse with Helen in English.(他觉得跟海伦用英语交谈很困难。) 8. similar adj. 相似的,类似的 The two animals are similar to each other in appearance.(这两只动物外表很相似。) similarity n. 相似,类似 Their differences are more noticeable than their similarities.(他们的不同之处比相同之处更明显。) 9. independent adj. 独立的,自主的 (这个词的词根是depend,在depend的后面加上后缀 -ent可以构成形容词,加上 -ence则可以构成名词;在dependent,dependence前面加上前缀 in- 又可以构成反义词。) depend v. 依靠,依赖 dependence n. 依靠,依赖 dependent adj. 依靠的,依赖的 independence n. 独立,自主 India won its independence in 1947.(印度于1947年赢得了独立。) 10. clue n. 线索,提示 The police searched all the houses but found no clues.(警察搜索了所有的房屋,但是没有发现任何线索。) (注意用法:find /give a clue to sth.) 11. conclusion n. 结论,推论 conclude v. 断定,决定 (注意用法:come to a conclusion,jump at a conclusion,draw a conclusion,reach a conclusion) What conclusions did you come to?(你得出了什么结论?) 12. communicate v. 交流,交际,通讯 communication n. 交流,通讯 communicative adj. 爱说话的 To communicate with him is no easy job, as he is not a communicative person.(他是一个不爱说话的人,与他交流可不容易。) Speech and writing are man''s most important methods of communication.(说和写是人类最重要的交流方式。) 13. inexact adj. 不正确的,不精确的 与independent一样,该词是由形容词 exact加前缀in- 构成的。 14. incomplete adj. 不完整的 complete adj.& v. 完整的;完成 This is an incomplete sentence, please add the omitted part and make it complete. 〔这是一个不完整的句子,请加上省略的成分使其完整。〕 I don''t think I can complete the work in 2 hours. 〔我想我在两小时内干不完这活。〕 15. purpose n. 目的,意图,用途 purposeful adj. 有目的的,有意图的 purposefully adv. 有目的地,蓄意地 The purpose of the meeting was to discuss his proposal.〔会议的目的是讨论他的建议。〕 He let out the information purposefully to you.〔他有意向你透露了这个消息。〕 16. regularly adv. 经常地,定期地 regular adj. 经常的,定期的 irregular adj. 不规则的,无规律的 If you review your lessons regularly, you will do well on tests. 〔如果你定期复习功课,就能在考试中取得好成绩。〕 17. technique n. 技术,技巧,手艺 Good study techniques help him to be one of the straight A students in his class. 〔良好的学习技巧使他成为班上的全优生之一。〕 18. outline v.& n. 概括;大纲,提纲;轮廓 He listened carefully as I outlined my reasons.〔在我简述我的原因时,他认真地听着。〕 The English teacher asked us to write a brief outline of the story. 〔英语老师让我们写这篇故事的概要。〕 He saw the outline of the house in the moonlight.(在月光下,他看到了那座屋子的轮廓。) 本课主要词缀 1. 名词后缀 -ment agreement, statement 2. 名词后缀 -ation, -ion, -sion communication, completion, conclusion 3. 名词后缀 -ity similarity, regularity 4. 名词后缀 -ence intelligence, independence 5. 形容词后缀 -ful successful, purposeful 6. 副词后缀 -ly conversely, regularly, purposefully 7. 反义词前缀 in inexact, incomplete, independent 8. 反义词前缀 dis disagree, discover 本课简介 How to Be a Successful Language Learner 是一篇典型的说明文。此类文章通常以逻辑顺序安排材料,作者要回答HOW或WHY方面的问题。在说明文的阅读与写作中,要注意抓主题句以及使文章内容启承转合的常用词句。 本课中,作者从一句引言入手,先谈了人们对语言学习的看法,然后阐述了自己对学好语言的看法。文章条理十分清楚,对我们学写说明文很有帮助。 本课语言点 1. Learning a language is easy. 这是一个 主语+动词+表语 (SVP)句型。句中learning a language为动名词短语,在句子中做主语。再如: Forgetting the past means betrayal.(忘记过去就意味着背叛。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) 阅读英语比讲英语容易。 (Reading English is easier than speaking it.) 2) 集邮是我弟弟的爱好。(Collecting stamps is my little brother''s hobby.) 2. Even a child can do it. even在句中作副词用,加强语气,表示“甚至(…也),连(…都)”。如:He even didn''t trust his best friend.(他甚至不信任他的朋友。) 请注意even与 even if / though的区别并翻译下面的句子: 1) 这个我连听都没听过。(I haven''t even heard of it.) 2) 即使花了数天时间复习,他也没能考好。(He didn''t do well in the exam even though he spent days reviewing.) 3. Most adults who are learning a second language would disagree with this statement. 句中who are learning a second language为定语从句,修饰先行词most adults,再如: The man who wrote this book is a teacher.(写这本书的人是一位教师。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) 穿蓝色夹克的那个男孩是我们的班长。 (The boy who is in a blue jacket is our monitor.) 2) 你昨天借给我的那本书很有趣。 (The book that you lent me yesterday is very interesting.) 句中的would是助动词,表示“可能”,“(将)会”。例如: A picnic without you wouldn''t be fun.(野餐没你参加会很没意思。) 助动词would的用法很多,概括起来主要有如下几种: 1) 表示过去将来时:I felt confident that everything would be all right. 2) 表示意愿:I asked him not to do it, but he wouldn''t listen to me. 3) 表示习惯性:Every evening, we would go for a walk along the river. 4) 表示虚拟,假设,条件:If you had come earlier, you would have seen him. 5) 表示婉转地请求或建议:Would you look after my cat while I am away?

Unit9(第26讲—第28讲) 本课简介 在learned words and popular words这篇课文中,作者对学术词汇和普通词汇进行了定义。讲述了两类词汇之间的差异,并且指出把词分为学术的和普通的方便而且有道理。但是人们必须注意,把普通词汇理解为属于大众所有的词,而不是某个特定阶层的人们所拥有的东西。学术词汇也并非有学问之人专用,只是它的存在是由于书籍和文学的培养而不是日常会话的实际需要。 本课主要语言点 1. In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, make up the whole vocabulary. class在本句中的意思是“种类”,相当于type, category.如: 1)It is very difficult to meet the needs of various classes of readers.(要满足各种读者的需要十分困难) 2)How many classes are you going to divide these books? (你打算把这些书分成几类?) class 还常用来表示“等级”,如:a second-class hotel (二等旅馆); an economy-class ticket (经济舱票);fly first class (乘头等舱航空旅行)。 class 也可以用动词用,意思是“把 …分类;把…看作”,如: 1)At 19 you are still classed as a teenager.(到了十九岁,你仍旧是青少年。) 2)He was classed as a genius (他被看作为天才) make up 在本句中的意思是“组成、构成”,请看例句: 1)Twenty-six boys and twenty-four girls make up the class (二十六名男生和二十四名女生组成了这个班) 2)Twelve doctors made up the medical team (十二名医生组成医疗队) 用被动语态时则应用be made up of,如: This engine is made up of 490 parts (这台发动机是由四百九十个部件装配而成的) taken together 过去分词短语做后置定语,对中心词做一些附加说明,相当于一个非限定性定语从句,要用逗号和中心词隔开,如: All the letters in the drawer, written in pencil, are from my brother.(抽屉里的这些用铅笔写的信都是我弟弟写的。) 2. First, there are those words with which we become familiar in ordinary conversation, which we learn, that is to say, from the members of our own family and from our friends, and which we should know and use even if we could not read or write. 句子中which引导的都是定语从句,修饰中心词words.第一个which的前面有介词with,这儿的with是familiar with中的介词前置了。Familiar with 意为“熟悉”。如:Are you familiar with the man standing over there?(站在那边的那个人你熟悉吗?) 请注意familiar with 与familiar to 的区别,familiar with 的主语通常是人,而familiar to的主语通常是物。如: 1)I am not familiar with this place. 2) This place is mot familiar to me. that is to say 是插入语,其作用是对整个一句话进行解释,类似的插入语还有so to speak, if I may say so, if you don't mind等等,如: 1)I'd really rather not go, if you don't mind 我确实不想去,你如果不介意的话。 2) The new emperor was, so to speak, a puppet.新皇帝可以说是个傀儡。 3.They concern the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of who speak the language concern 在句中的意思是“涉及,有关于”,如: 1)Don't interfere in things that don't concern you (别干预跟你无关的事)。 2)The energy problem concerns us all (能源问题关系到我们每个人) stock的意思很多,如“存货”,“股票”,“公债券”,“牲畜”等。 1)They hold a rich stock of information (他们掌握着丰富的材料) 2)You cannot buy it because it's out of stock (你买不成了,货品已经脱销) 3)He used to have a stock farm (他曾经拥有一个畜牧场) 4)The fridge was carefully stocked up with food.(冰箱里周到地放满了食品) stock in trade 也可以写成stock in trade,意思是“例行工作”,“常规”,如: 1)Complaints were a stock in trade of an airport manager's job (机场经理的工作就是常常面对投诉) 2)He was the master of black humor, it was his stock in trade (他是黑色幽默大师,黑色幽默是他的专长) 4.Such words may be called “popular”, since they belong to the people at large and are not the possession of a limited class only. since 在句中引导的是一个原因状语从句,请看例句: 1)Since it was Saturday, he got up very late (因为是周六,他起床很晚。) 2)You can take the place of him since he is not interested (你可以取代他,因为他对这事不感兴趣) at large 在本句中的意思是“整个”,这个词组的意思还有很多,请看下面的句子: 1)The people at large love peace (大多数人热爱和平) 2)The virus is still at large (这种病毒还在蔓延) 3)The murderer is still at large (杀人犯仍逍遥法外) 4)He talked at large about his plans (他详尽地谈了自己的计划) 5)They made the arrangements at large (他们随意地做了安排 ) 5. 请注意区别与possession 有关的两个词组:in possession of sth……和 in the possession of sb. 1)He is in possession of this house (他拥有这所房子) 2)The house is in the possession of him 3)On the other hand, our language includes large number of words which are relatively seldom used in ordinary conversation. 英语中有许多表示启承转合的词语,阅语中注意这些词有助于我们提高理解力,写作中注意用这些词,有助于我们把文章写得连贯、有条理。On the other hand 在本句中用来表示不同或相反的语气,在前一段中讲了popular word 这一段中作者则要讲讲learned words. 表示不同或相反语气的词还有很多,比如:Conversely, however, on the contrary, unlike, whereas, yet等等。 前面我们提到过number可以与可数名词连用,而amount可与不可数名词连用,如: 1)A large number of students have passed the exam (许多学生已经通过了考试) 2)They paid a large amount of money for the house (他们付了一大笔钱买了这座房子) 6.Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little occasion to use them at home occasion 通常可以做可数名词用,意思是“时刻、场合”;也可以做不可数名词用,意思是:“必要性、需要;机会”。如: 1)They're met on several occasions (他们已相遇过好几次) 2)They are occasions when you find it difficult to say “Good-bye”。(有时候你会觉得说“再见”很难。) 3)I don't remember I had occasion to blame him (我不记得我有责备他的必要) 7.In the latter, we are using a Latin Derivation which has exactly the same meaning 在前一句中用了“in the first case,” 本句中的“in the latter ”是指in the latter case .对两件事分别进行表述时,可以用in the first case, in the latter case 这一类词,条理非常清楚,也可以用the former,the latter 来表述。derivation 是derive 的名词形式。Latin derivation 意思是“拉丁语词源的词”,请看例句: 1)These words are derived from Latin (这些词由拉丁语派生而来) 2)The derivation of words is interesting (词的派生很有意思) 8. The terms “popular” and “learned”, as applied to words, are not absolute definitions.本句中的term意思是“术语、名称”,如: 1) I don't know how to put this term into Chinese (我不知道如何把这一术语译成中文) 2) Writer is hardly the term to apply to him (“作家”这一名称很难用在他身上) term 还有“期限;任期;学期”的意思,如: 1)During his 4-year term of office, he did a lot of things for the common people.(在他四年的任职期间,他为普通百姓做了不少事。) 2) He decided to rum for a second term (他决定竞选连任。) 3) The autumn term is coming to an end (秋学期快要结束了。) apply to 在句中的意思是“用于”,如: 1)This rule applies to upper class students only (这条规则只适用于高年级学生。) 2)I don't think what he says applies to you (我想他的话对你不适用) 3)They are eager to apply the theory to practice (他们急切地想把这一理论用于实践) apply for 则是“申请”的意思,如: 1)How many people have applied for the job?(有多少人申请了这个工作?) 2)They applied for permission to use the tennis court (他们申请使用网球场。) 9. Still the classification into “learned” and “popular” is convenient and sound .本句中的sound是形容词,意思是“正确的;明智的”,如: 1)He felt so happy that he had made a sound decision.(做了正确的决定,他感到很高兴。) 2)He was so carried away by power that he could not make any sound judgement(他被权力冲昏了头脑,无法做出任何明智的判断) 请看下面几个句子,注意sound 在句中的意思: 1)He is sound in body and mind (他身心健康) 2)The house is sound .Don't hesitate to buy it (这所房了完好无损,别犹豫,买下它) 3)The baby is having a sound sleep.(宝宝在酣睡) 4)Father gave him a sound beating.(父亲给他一顿痛打) 10.When we call a word “learned” we don't mean that it is used by learned persons alone, but simply that its presence in the English vocabulary is due to books and the cultivation of literature rather than to the actual needs of ordinary people not (that)…。but (that)。意思“不是…。而是。”如: 1)I came here again not because I enjoy the scenery so much but because I like the people .(我又来这儿,不是因为我多喜欢这儿的景色,而是我爱这儿的人们。) 2)By calling him Shylock, I don't mean that he is named Shylock,but that he is as miserly as Shylock.(叫他夏洛克,我不是说他的名字叫夏洛克,而是说他像夏洛克一样吝啬。) due to 在句中的意思是“由于”,如: 1)His failure was due to carelessness (他的失败是由于粗心。) 2)Due to lack of funds,they had to postpone the project.(由于缺少资金,他们不得不推迟计划) rather than 在本句的意思是“不是…而是……”,“与其……不如…” 1) He is a writer than a teacher (与其说他是教师,不如说他是作家。) 2)He lay rather than sit in the armchair (与其说他是坐在扶手椅上不如说是躺在里面。) 本课主要词组 1.make up 2.be familiar with 3.learn from 4.belong to 5.at large 6.on the other hand 7.be knows to 8.acquaintance with 9.in a style 10. be of importance 11. in the first case 12. in the latter (case) 13. in print 14. apply to 15. come up 16. as to 17. as a whole 18. due to 19. rather than Text B how should you build up your vocabulary? 短语表达 1. build up (建立;增强;增加) They worked hard to build up the friendship between the people in two countries. Get plenty of exercise every to build up your health. 2. come across (穿过,出现;遇到) They came across the street to meet me. A good idea came across my mind We are bound to come across difficulties, but we are determined to overcome them. 3. look up (查阅) If there are words you don't understand, look them up in the dictionary . For further information about this matter, look up this book. 4. at top speed (以速度) He drove his car at top speed It's dangerous to corner at top speed 5. depend on (依靠;取决于) We'll depend mainly on ourselves to solve the problem. The accomplishment of the task depends on the solution of this major problem. 6. make sense (有意义、讲得通) What he said just now didn't make any sense to me. This sentence doesn't make any sense. 7. try doing sth(尝试做某事) You can try using another method to go it He tried climbing the mountain without any help. 8. come up with (提出,想出;提供) He is expected to come up with some ideas after he thinks about the problem. The TV network will come up with better shows in the future. 9. lead to(导致) Our discussions led to confusion. The earthquake led to heavy loss of life. 10. after all (毕竟) Don't expect too much of him, he is, after all, a child of 10. We didn't finish all the work. After all, we didn't have enough hands 11. provide with (提供) It is necessary that you provide them with all the equipment We are satisfied to be provided with these kitchen utensils 12. begin with (以……开始) The first word of a sentence should begin with a capital letter . To begin with, we ought to know what we are here for.

Unit3(第7讲—第10讲) Text A The Altoantic Ocean 本课主要单词 1. unwilling adj.不情愿的,不愿意的;勉强的 Selfish as she is, she is unwilling to share anything with others.(她很自私,不愿意与他人分享任何东西。) He was unwilling to give up halfway even though there might be more difficulties ahead.(尽管前面可能有许多困难,但他不愿意中途放弃。) They got some unwilling assistance from the local government.(地方政府勉强给了他们一些协助。) 2. equator n.赤道 Ecuador is near the equator.(厄瓜多尔靠近赤道。) People used to believe that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot. (人们过去认为,在赤道处海水是滚烫的。) 3. bulge n.不规则突起;鼓起之处;(突然)上涨,增多 v.使膨胀;塞满 Between the bulge of South America and the bulge of Africa lies the narrowest place of the Atlantic Ocean. (大西洋的最狭窄处位于南美洲的突起处和非洲的突起处之间。) The graph shows a bulge in the birth rate in the year of dragon.(图表显示龙年出生率的暴增。) His schoolbag was bulging with apples when he came back from his uncle's orchard.(他从叔叔的果园回来时书包里鼓鼓囊囊装满了苹果。) 4. unusual adj. 少有的;不寻常的;与众不同的,独特的 It was not unusual for him to work very late every night.(每天工作到深夜对他来说是很平常的事。) He has an unusual name.(他有一个不寻常的名字。) It is unusual to see snow in this region.(这个地区难得下雪。) This young man has an unusual talent for organization.(这个年轻人有非凡的组织才能)。 5. salty adj. 咸的,含盐的 salt n. 盐;风趣 v. 用盐调味;用盐腌;撒盐于道路上 He didn't have much for dinner as the dishes were too salty.(他晚餐吃的不多,因为菜太咸了。) It might be a good idea to wash these in salty water.(把这些放在盐水里洗一洗也许是个好主意。) He added a bit more salt to the soup to make it tastier.(为了使汤的味道更好,他又加了一点盐。) His wit added salt to the discussion.(他的妙语使讨论增添了风趣。) Have you salted the potato?(你往土豆里加了盐了吗?) It took them a long time to salt the main roads.(他们花了好长时间才在主要公路上撒上盐。) grind salt in sb.'s wounds 在某人伤口上撒盐,使某人痛上加痛 with a grain of salt半信半疑地 Salt Lake City盐湖城(美国尤他州州府) salt mine盐矿 salt shaker(瓶盖上有细孔用于匀撒的)盐瓶 salt spreader撒盐车a saltwater lake咸水湖 saltwater fish海产a salted egg咸蛋 请注意:形容词salty是由名词 salt加形容词后缀 -y构成的。这样的形容词在英语中还有很多,如:windy,snowy,rainy,cloudy,sunny,funny,muddy,foggy… 6. average n. 平均数,平均 adj. 平均的;平常的,普通的 v. 平均 The average of 5,7 and 9 is 7. (5,7,9的平均数是7.) He receives an average of 50 calls a day.(他平均每天接到50个电话。) Mr. Brown could hardly believe that his son's work at school is below the average.(布朗先生几乎无法相信他儿子的学习成绩低于一般水平。) The average temperature yesterday was below zero.(昨天的平均气温在零度以下。) He is an average student in his class.(他是班上的一般学生。) A man of average height came to see you today.(今天有一位中等身材的人来看你。) He averages one pack of cigarettes a day.(他平均每天抽一包香烟。) The annual rainfall here averages 700mm.(这里的年降雨量平均为700毫米。) 7. spot n.地点,处所;点,斑点 v. 点缀;认出;准确定位 adj. 当场作出的;现付的 She toured many scenic spots during the holiday.(假日里她游览了许多风景胜地。) She told us the exact spot where the accident happened.(她把事故发生的准确地点告诉了我们。) She decided on a blue tie with white spot for her husband.(她给丈夫选了一条蓝底白点的领带。) There is a spot of ink on the white wall.(白墙上有墨水渍。) He didn't want to leave a spot on his reputation.(他不想在名誉上留下污点。) The night sky is spotted with twinkling stars.(闪烁的星星点缀着夜空。) His shoes are spotted with mud.(他的鞋子上有泥渍。) She is so special, you can spot her in the crowd easily.(她很特别,你在人群中能一眼认出她来。) He was sent to spot the battery position of the enemy.(他被派去测定敌炮阵地。) She was urged to make a spot decision.(她被催促当场做决定。) on the spot当场,在现场in a spot在困境中,在窘境中 put sb. on the spot使某人处于难堪地位 put one's finger on sb.'s weak spot指出某人性格上的弱点 spot check抽样检查spot survey 抽样调查 spotlight聚光灯;汽车上的反光灯;公众注意中心 spot news现场报道的新闻spot price 现货价 8. range n. 山脉;幅度,范围 v.(在某范围内)变动,变化;把…排列成行 One of the longest mountain ranges of the world rises from the floor of the Atlantic.(世界最长的山脉从大西洋洋底耸起。) The age range is from 45 to 65.(年龄幅度在45岁至65岁之间。) He is not very clear about his range of responsibility.(他对自己的责任范围并不清楚。) The question you asked is out of my range.(你问的问题我不懂。) Prices of gasoline range from one dollar to one dollar and twenty a gallon.(汽油的价格从1美元至1美元20美分1加仑不等。) The tiger-sharks range in length from nine feet to fourteen feet.(虎鲸的体长从9英尺到14英尺不等。) The puddings are neatly ranged on the shelf.(布丁整齐地排列在架子上。) medium-range missile中程导弹wide range of interests兴趣广泛 at close range接近地in/within range在射程内 9. peak n. 山峰;顶点 The mountain peak is covered with snow all the year.(山峰终年积雪。) His career is at its peak now, no wonder he will make greater achievement.(他的事业正处于鼎盛时期,毫无疑问,他会取得更大的成就。) 10. vessel n. 船,舰;容器,器皿 an ocean-going vessel远洋轮an escort vessel护卫舰 a fishing vessel渔船a drinking vessel饮具 11. crew n. 全体船员,全体机务人员 The crew was (were) annoyed at the captain's decision.(船员们对船长的决定感到恼火。) The aircraft has a crew of 6.(这架飞机有6名机组人员。) All 312 passengers and 6 crew members died in the plane crash.(312名乘客和6名机组人员在飞机失事中丧生。) 12. becalm v.(常用被动语态)(指帆船)因无风而停止前进 In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed on the ocean.(在使用帆船的时代,船员们担心他们会因为无风而无法在海洋上航行。) He was becalmed for a whole week north of the island.(他在海岛北面因无风而停泊了整整一周。) 13. gulf n. 海湾;隔阂;鸿沟 Can you tell me for sure who was the real winner of the Gulf War?(你能确定地告诉我谁是海湾战争的真正赢家吗?) The quarrel left a gulf between the two close friends.(那场争吵在两位好友间造成了隔阂。) the Persian Gulf波斯湾the Gulf of Mexico墨西哥湾 Gulf Stream湾流,墨西哥湾流 14. stream n. 小河,溪流 v. 流,涌 They had a walk along the bank of the stream.(他们沿着河岸散步。) Lots of tree leaves are floating along with the stream.(许多树叶正随着水流漂浮。) Tourists came into the cave in a steady stream.(游客们源源不断地进入山洞。) Tears streamed down her cheeks when she heard the news.(当她听到那个消息时,泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。) He didn't even frown when blood streamed from his wound.(血从伤口涌出时,他连眉头都没皱一下。) a stream of cold air一股冷空气a stream of people一股人流 a stream of lies一串谎言 a stream of good ideas一系列好主意 a stream of light一道光线stream of consciousness意识流 go against the stream逆潮流而动 go with the stream随波逐流 stream-lined cars 流线型汽车 15. current n. (空气,水等的)流,潮流;电流;倾向 adj. 当前的,通行的 The child had been swept away by the current.(孩子被水流卷走了。) A steady current of heated air rose from the mountain top.(一股热气从山顶源源不断升起。) There was a powerful electric current running through the wires.(一股强大的电流流过电线。) Mass media influence the current of public opinion.(大众传媒影响舆论的倾向。) Give me a current issue of Reader's Digest.(给我一本最近一期的读者文摘。) A long time ago, it was a current belief that the earth was flat.(很久以前,人们普遍相信地球是扁平。) the main current主流a warm current 暖流 an alternating current交流电a direct current直流电 current events时事 current situation当前形势 16. affect v. 影响;打动;(疾病)侵袭 effect n. 效果;作用,影响; His mood was greatly affected by the sad news. (那个悲痛的消息使他的心绪大受影响。) Computers affect our life in many ways.(计算机在许多方面影响我们的生活。) Reading in dim light constantly will surely affect the eyes.(经常在昏暗的光线下看书肯定会对眼睛有影响。) The child was affected with high fever.(孩子发高烧了。) The color gives the effect of being warm.(这颜色给人以暖感。) The wonderful sky effect on the festival night impressed everybody. (绚丽的节日夜空给每一个人都留下了深刻印象。) I just hope this medicine won't have serious side-effect.(我只希望这种药没有严重的副作用。) sound effect音响效果three-dimensional effect 立体感 lighting effect灯光效果 cause and effect因果 no effects无存款(银行在空头支票上的批语) be of no effect无效bring sth. to effect实行,实施 in effect实际上take effect见效;生效 17. climate n. 气候 The change in climate might be one of the causes for the extinction of dinosaurs. (气候的变化也许是恐龙灭绝的一个原因。) In cold climates, some of the livestock have to be kept indoors all winter. (在寒冷的气候区,一些牲畜得在室内一冬。) In the present economic climate we can make greater achievement. (在目前的经济气候下,我们能够取得更大的成就。) weather n. 天气 The football match had to be put off because of bad weather.(由于天气不好,足球比赛被推迟了。) What's the weather like in Hangzhou? I hope it is not as hot there.(杭州的天气怎么样?希望那儿不那么热。) 18. flow n. 流 v. 流动 Heavy rains brought mud flows down the mountain. (暴雨把泥流冲下了山。) The doctor stopped the flow of blood. (医生把血止住了。) The river flows east into the sea. (这条河向东流入大海。) 19. furnish v. 供应,提供;装备,(用家具)布置 The school has decided to furnish the library with some new books.(学校决定给图书馆提供一些新书。) They furnished all the passengers with life jackets. (他们为所有的乘客提供救生衣。) She wants to furnish her new house with modern furniture.(她想用时新家具布置新家。) 20. highway n. 公路; (水陆)交通干线 The canal was the only highway for commerce.(这条远河是的商业路线。) You can find many motels along the highways.(在高速公路沿线你会看到许多汽车旅馆。) 21. float v.(使)漂浮 Colorful flags are floating in the morning breeze.(彩旗在晨风中飘荡。) When winter comes yellow leaves float down.(冬天到来时,黄叶飘落。) It will be much easier for you to float the logs down the river.(你们把木材顺流下漂将会容易得多。) 本课主要构词法 Affixation(词缀法) 1. 反意词前缀un- unusual,unwilling 2. 形容词后缀-y salty 3. 名词后缀-or sailor Compounding (合词法) 1. 复合名词 highway,steamship,airplane 2. 复合形容词 mid-Atlantic,eastward 本课简介 The Atlantic Ocean向读者介绍了有关大西洋的情况。我们可以了解航行大西洋的过去和现在,也可以了解大西洋“制造”出来的世界之最。 本课主要语言点 1. The Atlantic Ocean is one of the oceans that separate the Old World from the New. 在表示河流,海洋,群岛,沙漠等地理名称的名词前,以及以复数形式出现的国名前要用定冠词,例如:the Yellow River(黄河),the Pacific Ocean(太平洋),the British Isles (不列颠群岛),the Sahara(撒哈拉沙漠),the Alps(阿尔卑斯山脉), the Philippines (菲列宾) 在表示某一座山,岛屿或某一个湖时不用定冠词,例如:Yellow Mountain(黄山),Lake Erie(伊利湖),Hainan Island(海南岛) one of +复数名词是英语中常见的用法,请翻译下面的句子: She is one of the most hardworking students in our class.(她是我们班学习最刻苦的学生之一。) Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world.(上海是世界的城市之一。) 印度是世界上人口最多的国家之一。(India is one of the countries with the largest population in the world.) 尼罗河是世界上最长的河流之一。(Nile is one of the longest rivers in the world.) 在one of +复数名词+定语从句的结构中,定语从句一般被看作修饰复数名词,因此该从句中的谓语要用复数形式。例如: This is one of the best novels that have been published this year.(这是今年出版的小说之一。) Mr. Smith is one of those men who always think they are right.(史密斯先生属于那些总是认为自己正确的人。) He is not one of those who bow before difficulties.(他不是那种在困难面前低头的人。) 但是在the only one of +复数名词+定语从句的结构中,定语从句应该被看成修饰单数名词。例如: He was the only one of the boys who was praised by the teacher.(他是男孩中受到老师表扬的。) Helen is the only one of those girls who doesn't wear make-up.(海伦是那些女孩中不化妆的。) separate from是常用词组,在句子中的意思是“(使)分离,(使)分开”,请翻译下面的句子: 1)英吉利海峡把英法两国隔开。(The English Channel separates England from France.) 2)理论不应该脱离实际。(Theory should not be separated from practice.) the Old world指欧,亚,非三洲,有时仅指欧洲。the New (World) 指哥伦布发现的美洲大陆。 2. For centuries it kept the Americas from being discovered by the people of Europe. for centuries 意为“许多世纪”。在英语中用介词for加表示时间的复数名词的表达形式很常见。请翻译下面的句子: 1)I haven't seen you for days. How is everything?(多日不见,一切都好吗?) 2)I haven't seen him for years, I am sure he has changed a lot.(我多年没见到他了,他一定变了不少。) 3)It seems I have been waiting for you for centuries. Where have you been?(我似乎等了你几个世纪了,你去哪儿了?) keep… from doing 是习惯用法,意思是“使…不…”。 例如:It is really not easy to keep Father from smoking.(要使父亲不抽烟真不容易。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1)Heavy fog kept the ships from being discovered by the enemy.(大雾使得船只未被敌人发现。) 2)We had no way to keep him from getting involved in the matter.(我们没有办法使他不卷入那事件中去。) 3)那种药使他的咳嗽不再加剧。(The medicine keeps his cough from getting more serious.) 4)当地人的保守思想使得那个地方不能快速发展。 (The local people's conservative mind keeps that place from developing rapidly.) 3. Many wrong ideas about the Atlantic made early sailors unwilling to sail far out into it. make sb. unwilling to do sth. 意为“使得某人不愿做某事”。例如:His indifference to work made everybody unwilling to cooperate with him.(他对工作的冷漠态度使得所有的人都不愿与他合作。) 主语+动词+宾语+补语(SVOC)的句型在课本第二单元的语法中已有较详细的论述。请翻译下面的句子: 1)His behavior at the dinner party made the host annoyed.(他在晚宴上的行为使主人很恼火。) 2)That film made him famous.(那部影片使他出了名。) 3)他刚才的一番话使玛丽很伤心。(What he said just now made Mary very sad.) 4)老师对他作文的评价令他失望。(The teacher's comment on his composition made him disappointed.) 5)What he had done made his friends hesitant to accept the invitation.(他的所为使得他的朋友们对接受邀请犹豫不决。) 6)他的挥霍浪费使得他的父母不愿意再给他钱。(His unthriftiness made his parents unwilling to give him any more money.)

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