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湖南自学考试英语笔记整理

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湖南自学考试英语笔记整理

今天教务老师给大家收集整理了自考英语二教材笔记,自考英语二官方教材的相关问题解答,还有免费的自考历年真题及自考复习重点资料下载哦,以下是全国我们为自考生们整理的一些回答,希望对你考试有帮助!自考英语二到底考些什么?英语二题型分布为:综合填空(完型填空)20道,每题0.5分,共10分;阅读理解5篇文章,25题,每题2分共50分;英语翻译:英语翻译成中文15分。英文写作两篇:大作文和小作文总共25分。英语二考试难度是在英语四、六级之间。如何学好自考英语二 下面6个步骤帮你解决1、教材准备。首先大家如果有需要,可以买一本英语二的教材,也可以借别人的过来参考一些。2、考试大纲。考试大纲是很重要的,复习的策略是把考试大纲规定的单词背好,涉及到英语二的基础语法一定要弄懂。根据大纲来复习,要求识记和掌握的重点背下来,就可以有好的成绩。3、单词记忆。单词背诵主要以考试大纲为蓝本。而且单词背诵要贯穿始终,每天都要坚持背点,多重复日积月累才会收到良好效果。4、历年真题。真题也是很重要的一方面,做题要选择英语(二)历年真题。因为真题的含金量最大,考生可以通过历年真题了解到考试重点和题型分布。对于以前做过的题目,不妨回头再做,有的题隔一段时间再做,可以加强复习效果。在做完历年真题后把答案在教材书上找出来。因为自考试题是从题库中出来的,往往会反复考到,只要把这些题目都背下来,一般及格没有问题。5、另外在做真题的同时,还要选择一些适合的模拟题来做。模拟题一定要找适合自考水平的题,如果选择太难或太易的题,对于英语(二)考试没有太大的作用。通过做题要掌握解题技巧,摸清出题思路,达到熟能生巧。6、在复习的同时还需要积累一些课外知识,这对提高阅读理解解题能力有较大帮助。例如,考生如果有时间就要多看看与自考难易程度相当的文章。不过也不能选择难度太大的,可以看些《大学英语》、《英语沙龙》等有英汉对照的刊物来看。请问这个是非英语专业本科自考的指定教材吗?没错,同路人。谁那里有自考劳动法的复习笔记?我还想问一下,用旧的笔记没什么大事?教材变版本后,其实内容差不多,以前的额资料还是能用的自考/成考有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚当地自考/成考政策,点击底部咨询官网老师,免费领取复习资料:

英语笔记整理好看的方法如下:

方法一:

1、准备一个精美耐用的16开笔记本。

2、记录形式—表格。以表格的形式对知识点进行分类和整理,具有条理清晰、方便记忆等优点。

3、记录内容:将知识点分为单词、短语、句型、语法四大部分,并附带例句。

4、侧重疑点与难点。在笔记上,对重难点用不同颜色的笔作醒目的标记,其意在于提醒此处的重要性,便于复习。

5、做笔记时,注意留一定的空白。由于知识我们会越学越多,有些知识是老师后来补充的,所以学生在记笔记时应留有一定的空白,以容纳同类型的新知识。

方法二:

首先是在课本上做笔记。即在课本上把相关的重要语法知识点画出来,画出来的内容包括,词组,句型,以及本课重点突出的语法点,当然还包括那些自己不会的东西。并用不同颜色的笔画,每种颜色由自己规定一种含义。比如红色是重难点,蓝色是难点等等。

把自己在家学习的东西,重要的知识点抄到小纸条上,随身携带。公交上,厕所里,排队时,拿出来,“刷个脸”,记忆最好的就是这些零散时间,就像减肥,要少食多餐!随着时间的流逝,捧起这本厚厚的笔记本你一定会觉得很有成就感,因为它就像是私人订制一样。

【免费定制学历提升方案和复习资料: 】高等教育自学考试英语二是必考科目,很多人报考英语二都觉得有难度,下面小编为大家整理自考《英语二》必考高频词汇及短语整理,供参考。自学考试必备词汇及短语1. blessing n. 祝福,祷告2. complain vi. 抱怨,悲叹,控诉3. remind v. 提醒 vt. 使想起,提醒4. victim n. 受害者,牺牲5. depression n. 沮丧,萧条6. unrest n. 不安的状态, 动荡的局面7. illegal adj. 不合法的,非法的 n. 非法移民8. immigrant n. 移民, 侨民 adj. 移民的9. trafficking n.(人或车等)交通流量,不正当生意(走私) v.做生意(多指违法的), 游览10. contribute vt. 捐助,投稿 vi. 投稿,贡献,是原因之一11. quit v. 离开,辞职,停止12. bring in 介绍,带进,引入,赚取,判决13. look forward to vt. 展望(期待)14. prepare for 为...做准备15. believe in 相信, 信任16. reward n. 报酬,报答,赏金 vt. 给...报酬,奖赏17. tragic adj. 悲剧的, 悲惨的18. passion n. 激情,热情19. crucial adj. 关键的,决定性的20. privileged adj.有特权的, 特许的21. motivation n. 动机22. prioritize vt. 把 ... 区分优先次序23. pattern n. 图案, 式样, 典范 v. 以图案装饰; 仿造, 模仿24. strategy n. 战略, 策略25. routine n. 例行公事, 常规,无聊 adj. 常规的, 例行的,乏味的26. locally adv. 地方性地, 局部性地, 位置上27. unique adj. 独一无二的, 独特的, 稀罕的28. survive vt. 比…活得长,幸免于难,艰难度过 vi. 活着, 继续存在29. client n.顾客; 当事人; 诉讼委托人; [计算机]客户端30. finance n. 财政, 资金 vt. 给...提供资金, 负担经费31. obligation n. 义务, 责任32. landscape n. 风景,山水,风景画 v. 美化…的景观,进行造园工程33. exceed vt. 超过, 胜过, 超出界限 vi. 领先34. assume vt. 假定, 设想, 承担; (想当然的)认为35. alleviate vt. 减轻,使...缓和36. seasoned adj. 经验丰富的37. various adj. 各种各样的38. professional adj. 职业(上)的,专业的 n. 专业人员39. lie in 在于40. get up 起床,起立41. seek out vt. 寻出(挑出)42. in place 在适当的位置43. apply for 申请自考《英语二》高频词汇大全自学考试英语二作文复习资料Lesson five first principlesWhat do u learn about laura?Why were her parents so proud of her?Laura was a slim,dark-haired girl of fourteen. she was smart and a pupil at Green Valley Academy. Christmas Day was coming,laura wanted a ballerina dress as a gift from her parents to attend some parties. But when laura‘s mother told her about her father’s unemployment,she understood them and said she didn‘t care about presents or parties. During the time when the family spent Christmas Day at the farm,laura seemed to radiate happiness. It was laura’s obvious pleasure that had a wonderful Christmas Day. Therefore,laura‘s parents were proud of her.Lesson six The beauty of BritainBritain is a small but beautiful country .One of its charms lies in its variety with the territory of 240500 square kilometers,it has mountains,plains and lakes as other countries. Someone perhaps says that the mountains there are only mountains in miniature . Although those mountains are small,they all have the air of great mountains .Another characteristic of Britain is its happy surprise. A traveler will kept being pleasantly astonished by the landscape. On a rolling plain,you might suddenly noticed mountains with step slopes ahead. In a highly developed industrial district,he would see out of expectation a rough wilderness. But the most impressing would be the happy compromise between Nature and Man,country and city .This characteristic is obvious in suburbs where the inhabitants can not only enjoy the civilization of the city,but also live a comfortable country gentlemen‘s life .报考考试有疑问、不知道如何考点内容、不清楚报考考试当地政策,点击底部咨询猎考网,免费获取个人学历提升方案:

湖南自学考试英语笔记

3. Many wrong ideas about the Atlantic made early sailors unwilling to sail far out into it. make sb. unwilling to do sth. 意为“使得某人不愿做某事”。例如:His indifference to work made everybody unwilling to cooperate with him.(他对工作的冷漠态度使得所有的人都不愿与他合作。) 主语+动词+宾语+补语(SVOC)的句型在课本第二单元的语法中已有较详细的论述。请翻译下面的句子: 1)His behavior at the dinner party made the host annoyed.(他在晚宴上的行为使主人很恼火。) 2)That film made him famous.(那部影片使他出了名。) 3)他刚才的一番话使玛丽很伤心。(What he said just now made Mary very sad.) 4)老师对他作文的评价令他失望。(The teacher's comment on his composition made him disappointed.) 5)What he had done made his friends hesitant to accept the invitation. (他的所为使得他的朋友们对接受邀请犹豫不决。) 6)他的挥霍浪费使得他的父母不愿意再给他钱。 (His unthriftiness made his parents unwilling to give him any more money.) 4. One idea was that it reached out to “the edge of the world”。 Another idea was that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot. 这两个都是表语从句和主句中的系动词连用的句子。结构为:主语+系动词+表语从句。请看下面的例句:My idea is that we contact him as soon as possible.(我的想法是我们应该尽快跟他联系。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) My suggestion is that we should put off the meeting.(我的建议是我们应该把会议延期。) 2) One advantage of solar energy is that it will never be used up.(太阳能的一个优点是用之不竭。) 3) 问题是你不在时谁照管孩子。(The problem is who will take care of the children while you are away.) 4) 看起来天要下雨。(It looks that it is going to rain.) 请注意辨析another 和other: another由 an+other构成,只和单数可数名词连用。other可用于所有名词前。another+单数名词表示不定的“另一个”,the other+单数可数名词表示特指的“另一个”。 请看下面的例句: 1) This idea is not very practical, will you think of another one?(这个主意不太实际,你能另想一个吗?) 2) This book is too difficult. Show me another one.(这本书太难了,给我看另外一本。) 3) Of the three books in my bag, two are published in China, the other is published in the United States. (我包里的三本书中,两本是中国出版的,另一本是美国出版的。) 4) Tom is here, but where are the other boys?(汤姆在这儿,其他的男孩在哪儿呢?) 5) I like this coat better than the other one.(两件上衣中,我更喜欢这一件。) 6) This camera is more expensive than the other one.(这架照相机比另一架贵。) boiling hot意思是“滚热的,酷热的”。此处的boiling不是形容词而是副词,表示热的程度,修饰hot. 5. Sailors were afraid that they might sail right off the earth. 此句中,that引导的名词性从句作形容词的补足语。例如: 1) I am afraid that I can not finish the article in two hours.(我担心我两小时内写不完这篇文章。) 2) He was afraid that he couldn't give you a definite answer.(他担心他不能给你一个明确的答复。) 3) I am afraid that I have made a mistake.(我担心自己犯了一个错误。) 4) We are confident that we can overcome all the difficulties.(我们相信自己能克服所有的困难。) 对“be + 形容词 + that引起的从句”这类结构,语法家们有的认为that从句做宾语用,有的认为that从句做状语用。根据句子的逻辑意义来判断也许比较方便一些。如:I'm sorry that you failed the exam again. 这个句子中的that从句起状语作用,相当于“…because you failed the exam again.” 6. The Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific,… 在第一单元中我们讨论过副词的同等比较。本句中as big as 则是形容词的同等比较。在这类句子中,可以有表示程度的状语。例如: 1) This book is not half as interesting as that one.(这本书还不如那本书一半有趣。) 2) My monthly income is only half as much as his.(我的月收入只有他的一半多。) 3) This year our university will enroll three times as many students as it did the year before last. (我们学校今年的招生人数将是前年的三倍。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) 我的英语口语还不及你的一半流利。(My spoken English is not half as fluent as yours.) 2) 这只手提箱还没有那只手提箱一半重。(This suitcase is not half as heavy as that one.) 3) 这个房间是那个房间的两倍。(This room is twice as large as that one.) 7. But suppose no more rain fell into it and no more water was brought to it by rivers. suppose 常常做动词用,意思是“假定;猜想;认为”。例如: 1) Let's suppose it to be true.(让我们假定这是真的。) 2) I suppose he is very nervous.(我猜想他很紧张。) 3) I supposed him to be an honest man, but he often tells lies.(我以为他很诚实,他却经常说谎。) 在本句中suppose(也可以用supposing)是一个连词,意思是“假设(= if);假使…结果会怎么样”。例如: 1) Suppose he is ill, what shall we do?(假如他病了,我们怎么办?) 2) Suppose a tiger should come out of the cage?(如果一只老虎从笼子中跑出来怎么办?) 3) Suppose something should go wrong?(如果出了什么问题会怎么样?) 8. It would take the ocean about 4000 years to dry up. it takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 是很常用的一个句型。例如: 1) 我骑自行车到学校要花半小时。(It takes me half an hour to get to school by bike.) 2) 他花了两个星期时间才看完那本书。(It took him two weeks to finish reading that book.) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) It took the boy three hours to finish his homework.(那个男孩花了3小时才写完作业。) 2) It takes less than 4 hours to get to Shanghai by train from Nanjing.(从南京乘火车到上海只要不到4小时。) 3) 他花了4天时间才走出密林。(It took him 4 days to go out of the forest.) 4) 照顾一个生病的老人要花许多时间。(It will take a great deal of time to look after a sick old man. 9. On the average the water is a little more than two miles deep, but in places it is much deeper. on the average在句子中的意思是“平均而言”。例如: 1) On the average, they drove 70 miles an hour.(他们平均每小时行驶70英里。) 2) On the average, they spend 20 yuan on food every day.(他们平均每天花20块钱吃饭。) a little 在句子中修饰more,表示程度,意思是“一点儿,稍许”。much在句子中修饰deeper,也表示程度,加强形容词比较级,意思是“…多”。例如: 1) I feel a little cold.(我觉得有点冷。) 2) He spent a little more than 20 yuan yesterday.(昨天他花了20块多一点儿。) 3) I feel much better now.(我现在感觉好多了。) 4) She is much more careful this time.(她这一次细心多了。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) 干了一天的工作,我觉得有点累。(I feel a little tired after a day's work.) 2) 她对她的同学有点不友好。(She is a little unfriendly to her classmates.) 3) 听了那个消息他开心多了。(He was much happier after hearing that news.) 10. This “deep” measures 30,246 feet——almost 6 miles (9.6km)。 本句中的deep做名词用,意思是“深处”,“海渊”(水深超过3000英里)。 measure 在句子中做动词用,意思是“测量”,“有…深”。例如: 1) This room measures 10 metres across.(这个房间宽10米。) 2) The bridge measures 17 kilometres long.(这座桥长17公里。) 3) The water tank only measures 2 metres deep.(这只水箱只有2米深。)

Text A scientific attitudes 本课主要单词 1.attitude n. 姿势,姿态;态度,看法 1)The plane was in a nose-down attitude. (飞机处于俯冲姿态。) 2)They decided to take an attitude of wait and see to/toward the new policy. (他们决定对新政策采取观望态度。) 3)We should adopt a correct attitude about tests. (对考试我们应抱正确的态度。) 2.environment n. 环境,周围状况,自然环境 1)A child can easily adjust to changes in the environment. (孩子很容易适应环境的变化。) 2)They promised to provide us a good environment for work and rest. (他们许诺为我们提供良好的工作或休息环境。) 3)Science offers us total mastery over environment and over our destiny. (科学赋予我们控制环境掌握命运的能力。) 4)He grew up in an environment of poverty. (他在贫穷的环境中长大。) environmental adj. 环境的 environmental protection 环境保护 environmental pollution 环境污染 environmental biology 环境生物学,生态学 environmental engineer 环境工程师 3.curiosity n. 好奇(心) curious adj. 好奇的;离奇古怪的 1)He walked to the silent old man out of curiosity. (出于好奇,他向那位沉默寡言的老人走去。) 2)She showed great curiosity about my past. (她对我的过去显示出莫大的好奇。) 3)Children are curious about everything. (儿童对什么都感到好奇。) 4)Not long after they left, a curious thing happened. (他们走后不久,一件古怪的事情发生了。) 4.imagination n. 想像,想像力;幻觉;应变能力imagine v. 想像;料想 1)He is a writer of rich imagination. (他是一个富有想像力的作家。) 2)No one moved in the bushes, it was only your imagination. (没人在树丛里走动,只是你的幻觉而已。) 3)Due to his lack of imagination, he just didn't know what to do next. (由于缺少应变能力,他不知道下一步该怎么办。) 4)It is hard to imagine life with electricity. (很难想像没有电,生活会是怎样。) 5)I imagine he will come tomorrow. (我料想他明天会来。) 请注意区别下面三个形容词imaginative,imaginary,imaginable 1)It is an imaginative tale. (这是个虚构的故事。) 2)The teacher is waiting for imaginative answer. (老师正等待着具有丰富想像力的回答。) 3)The equator is an imaginary circle around the earth. (赤道即假想的环绕地球的大圆。) 4)an imaginary enemy (假想敌) 5)They said they would save the patient by every means imaginable. (他们说他们会用尽一切想得出的方法抢救病人。) (imaginable 常与级形容词或all,every,only等连用,放在被修饰的名词的后面。) 5.apart adv. 分离,分开 1)The two schools are 20 miles apart. (两校相距20英里。) 2)I cannot tell these two things apart. (我无从区分这两件东西。) 3)Apart from what he mentioned just now, there are some other causes for the failure. (除了他刚才提到的,还有一些其他的失败原因。) 4)He took the machine apart to see what was wrong. (他把机器拆开,看看出了什么毛病。) 6.stimulate v. 刺激,激励 stimulation n. 刺激,激励 1)Praise stimulated the students to make greater efforts. (表扬激励学生作更大的努力。) 2)Exercise stimulates the flow of blood. (锻练促进血液循环。) 3)TV, if properly used, can stimulate a child's imagination. (电视如果使用适当能激发孩子的想像力。) 4)The intention of lowering interest rates is to stimulate the economy and develop industries. (降低利率的打算是为了刺激经济,发展工业。) 5)Young children needs stimulation. (年幼的孩子需要激励。) 7.regardless adj. 不留心的,不注意的adv. 不顾,不惜 1)He crushed the bloom with regardless tread. (他毫不在意一脚践踏了鲜花。) 2)There may be difficulties but I shall carry on regardless. (可能会遇到种种困难,但不管怎样,我将继续干下去。) 3)I'm buying the book, regardless of the cost. (不管价钱如何,我都打算买下那本书。) 请注意区别regardless of 和in spite of 1)The plane will take off, regardless of the weather. (不管天气好坏,飞机都将起飞。) 2)The plane took off in spite of the bad weather. (尽管天气不好,飞机还是起飞了。) 8.disagreeable adj. 让人不愉快的,不合心意的;难相处的 disagree v. 不同意;不符;不适宜 1)She is disagreeable towards me. (她对我不友好。) 2)This medicine has a very disagreeable smell. (这药有一股很难闻的气味。) 3)I disagree with you on that point. (在那一点上我跟你意见不同。) 4)The damp weather disagrees with me. (潮湿的天气使我不舒服。) 9.failure n. 失败;变弱 fail v. 失败;变弱;使失望 1)His plans ended in failure. (他的计划以失败告终。) 2)The power failure caused heavy losses. (供电中断造成严重的损失。) 3)His carelessness resulted in his failure of the exam. (他的粗心致使他考试不及格。) 4)I failed in persuading him. (我没能说服他。) 5)His eyesight is failing. (他的视力在衰退。) 6)His courage failed him. (他失去了勇气。)

本课主要语言点 1. In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, make up the whole vocabulary. class在本句中的意思是“种类”,相当于type, category.如: 1)It is very difficult to meet the needs of various classes of readers. (要满足各种读者的需要十分困难) 2)How many classes are you going to divide these books? (你打算把这些书分成几类?) class 还常用来表示“等级”,如:a second-class hotel (二等旅馆); an economy-class ticket (经济舱票);fly first class (乘头等舱航空旅行)。 class 也可以用动词用,意思是“把 …分类;把…看作”,如: 1)At 19 you are still classed as a teenager.(到了十九岁,你仍旧是青少年。) 2)He was classed as a genius (他被看作为天才) make up 在本句中的意思是“组成、构成”,请看例句: 1)Twenty-six boys and twenty-four girls make up the class (二十六名男生和二十四名女生组成了这个班) 2)Twelve doctors made up the medical team (十二名医生组成医疗队) 用被动语态时则应用be made up of,如: This engine is made up of 490 parts (这台发动机是由四百九十个部件装配而成的) taken together 过去分词短语做后置定语,对中心词做一些附加说明,相当于一个非限定性定语从句,要用逗号和中心词隔开,如: All the letters in the drawer, written in pencil, are from my brother.(抽屉里的这些用铅笔写的信都是我弟弟写的。) 2. First,there are those words with which we become familiar in ordinary conversation,which we learn,that is to say,from the members of our own family and from our friends,and which we should know and use even if we could not read or write. 句子中which引导的都是定语从句,修饰中心词words.第一个which的前面有介词with,这儿的with是familiar with中的介词前置了。Familiar with 意为“熟悉”。如:Are you familiar with the man standing over there?(站在那边的那个人你熟悉吗?) 请注意familiar with 与familiar to 的区别,familiar with 的主语通常是人,而familiar to的主语通常是物。如: 1)I am not familiar with this place. 2)This place is mot familiar to me. that is to say 是插入语,其作用是对整个一句话进行解释,类似的插入语还有so to speak, if I may say so, if you don't mind等等,如: 1)I'd really rather not go, if you don't mind 我确实不想去,你如果不介意的话。 2)The new emperor was, so to speak, a puppet.新皇帝可以说是个傀儡。 3.They concern the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of who speak the language concern 在句中的意思是“涉及,有关于”,如: 1)Don't interfere in things that don't concern you (别干预跟你无关的事)。 2)The energy problem concerns us all (能源问题关系到我们每个人) stock的意思很多,如“存货”,“股票”,“公债券”,“牲畜”等。 1)They hold a rich stock of information (他们掌握着丰富的材料) 2)You cannot buy it because it's out of stock (你买不成了,货品已经脱销) 3)He used to have a stock farm (他曾经拥有一个畜牧场) 4)The fridge was carefully stocked up with food.(冰箱里周到地放满了食品) stock in trade 也可以写成stock in trade,意思是“例行工作”,“常规”,如: 1)Complaints were a stock in trade of an airport manager's job (机场经理的工作就是常常面对投诉) 2)He was the master of black humor, it was his stock in trade (他是黑色幽默大师,黑色幽默是他的专长) 4.Such words may be called “popular”, since they belong to the people at large and are not the possession of a limited class only. since 在句中引导的是一个原因状语从句,请看例句: 1)Since it was Saturday, he got up very late (因为是周六,他起床很晚。) 2)You can take the place of him since he is not interested (你可以取代他,因为他对这事不感兴趣) at large 在本句中的意思是“整个”,这个词组的意思还有很多,请看下面的句子: 1)The people at large love peace (大多数人热爱和平) 2)The virus is still at large (这种病毒还在蔓延) 3)The murderer is still at large (杀人犯仍逍遥法外) 4)He talked at large about his plans (他详尽地谈了自己的计划) 5)They made the arrangements at large (他们随意地做了安排 ) 5. 请注意区别与possession 有关的两个词组:in possession of sth……和 in the possession of sb. 1)He is in possession of this house (他拥有这所房子) 2)The house is in the possession of him 3)On the other hand, our language includes large number of words which are relatively seldom used in ordinary conversation. 英语中有许多表示启承转合的词语,阅语中注意这些词有助于我们提高理解力,写作中注意用这些词,有助于我们把文章写得连贯、有条理。On the other hand 在本句中用来表示不同或相反的语气,在前一段中讲了popular word 这一段中作者则要讲讲learned words. 表示不同或相反语气的词还有很多,比如:Conversely, however, on the contrary, unlike, whereas, yet等等。 前面我们提到过number可以与可数名词连用,而amount可与不可数名词连用,如: 1)A large number of students have passed the exam (许多学生已经通过了考试) 2)They paid a large amount of money for the house (他们付了一大笔钱买了这座房子) 6.Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little occasion to use them at home occasion 通常可以做可数名词用,意思是“时刻、场合”;也可以做不可数名词用,意思是:“必要性、需要;机会”。如: 1)They're met on several occasions (他们已相遇过好几次) 2)They are occasions when you find it difficult to say “Good-bye”。(有时候你会觉得说“再见”很难。) 3)I don't remember I had occasion to blame him (我不记得我有责备他的必要) 7.In the latter,we are using a Latin Derivation which has exactly the same meaning 在前一句中用了“in the first case,” 本句中的“in the latter ”是指in the latter case .对两件事分别进行表述时,可以用in the first case, in the latter case 这一类词,条理非常清楚,也可以用the former,the latter 来表述。derivation 是derive 的名词形式。Latin derivation 意思是“拉丁语词源的词”,请看例句: 1)These words are derived from Latin (这些词由拉丁语派生而来) 2)The derivation of words is interesting (词的派生很有意思) 8. The terms “popular”and“learned”,as applied to words,are not absolute definitions.本句中的term意思是“术语、名称”,如: 1)I don't know how to put this term into Chinese (我不知道如何把这一术语译成中文) 2)Writer is hardly the term to apply to him (“作家”这一名称很难用在他身上) term 还有“期限;任期;学期”的意思,如: 1)During his 4-year term of office,he did a lot of things for the common people. (在他四年的任职期间,他为普通百姓做了不少事。) 2)He decided to rum for a second term (他决定竞选连任。) 3)The autumn term is coming to an end (秋学期快要结束了。) apply to 在句中的意思是“用于”,如: 1)This rule applies to upper class students only (这条规则只适用于高年级学生。) 2)I don't think what he says applies to you (我想他的话对你不适用) 3)They are eager to apply the theory to practice (他们急切地想把这一理论用于实践) apply for 则是“申请”的意思,如: 1)How many people have applied for the job?(有多少人申请了这个工作?) 2)They applied for permission to use the tennis court (他们申请使用网球场。)

湖南自学考试英语笔记怎么做

1. 首先确定笔记的目的和范围。为什么要记笔记,笔记的内容是什么,要注意哪些重点和难点。2. 选择合适的笔记工具。可以选择电脑、手机、平板等数码设备,也可以使用笔记本、便签纸等传统物品。3. 记录内容要简明扼要,重点突出。不要完全照抄教材或课件,要筛选出自己所需要的信息,并且注重归纳总结。4. 使用简单易懂、具有可视化效果的方法进行笔记。比如画图、制表、标记关键词等方法,方便回顾复习。5. 定期整理笔记。对于已经记好的笔记需定期整理,有助于加深记忆和梳理知识框架,也有助于更好地把各个知识点联系起来。6. 与他人交流分享笔记。可以将笔记分享给同学或老师,获取他人的意见和建议,也可以为别人提供帮助并沉淀自己的知识。7. 充分利用网络资源。可以通过搜索引擎、在线翻译等工具来获取更多资料和信息,也可以在网络上搜索相关笔记资料进行参考和借鉴。

怎么记英语笔记主力位置更能然后了机会很多女人都喜欢听到类似的表现看到一帮老家伙们看看皮埃罗正跑到落点处留守的擦这样的未完待续禁区外沿的直接对话坎比亚索的然后难看足球听话地飞向了

英语笔记应该怎么记比较好:

不一定每个单词都写下,我们可以记录重点词就好。因为有些句子会有默认主语名称为第一名称,所以这些我们记录笔记时是可以省略的。

如果写一些历史或者旅游相关的,里面出面很多地名或者人名我们可以利用大写字母缩写代替。每个都写下,效率又低。

有些信息量比较大的词段,我们可以列提纲记录。这样我们在复习时可以直接看提纲在回想当天内容,这个需要经常回想才会比较有效果。

有些来不及记下的笔记一时想不起怎么写可以利用联想法先记录,等下课整理时可以在更正,这样就不会因为来不及做笔记而懊恼影响后面的课程了。

英语笔记记录方法:

1.第一类记录方式,是将英语笔记随手做在书本、练习册、试卷旁边空白处。

这种做法出现一个明显弊病,各记录内容极其离散,常常因为试卷抛弃而记录内容随之抛弃,或者因为无法确认记录内容处在何处而放弃对比,最终导致看到就看到,没看到就算了这种心态和做法的出现。

2.第二类记录方式,是利用作业本或笔记本来进行记录。

这种记录方式的好处在于自由度高一些,至少能够让内容集中记录,复习方便了很多。但弊端是查找起来非常不方便。

3.第三种记录方式,是利用活页纸进行记录。

英语笔记整理好看的方法如下:

方法一:

1、准备一个精美耐用的16开笔记本。

2、记录形式—表格。以表格的形式对知识点进行分类和整理,具有条理清晰、方便记忆等优点。

3、记录内容:将知识点分为单词、短语、句型、语法四大部分,并附带例句。

4、侧重疑点与难点。在笔记上,对重难点用不同颜色的笔作醒目的标记,其意在于提醒此处的重要性,便于复习。

5、做笔记时,注意留一定的空白。由于知识我们会越学越多,有些知识是老师后来补充的,所以学生在记笔记时应留有一定的空白,以容纳同类型的新知识。

方法二:

首先是在课本上做笔记。即在课本上把相关的重要语法知识点画出来,画出来的内容包括,词组,句型,以及本课重点突出的语法点,当然还包括那些自己不会的东西。并用不同颜色的笔画,每种颜色由自己规定一种含义。比如红色是重难点,蓝色是难点等等。

把自己在家学习的东西,重要的知识点抄到小纸条上,随身携带。公交上,厕所里,排队时,拿出来,“刷个脸”,记忆最好的就是这些零散时间,就像减肥,要少食多餐!随着时间的流逝,捧起这本厚厚的笔记本你一定会觉得很有成就感,因为它就像是私人订制一样。

湖南自学考试英语笔记电子版

Unit9(第26讲—第28讲) 本课简介 在learned words and popular words这篇课文中,作者对学术词汇和普通词汇进行了定义。讲述了两类词汇之间的差异,并且指出把词分为学术的和普通的方便而且有道理。但是人们必须注意,把普通词汇理解为属于大众所有的词,而不是某个特定阶层的人们所拥有的东西。学术词汇也并非有学问之人专用,只是它的存在是由于书籍和文学的培养而不是日常会话的实际需要。 本课主要语言点 1. In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, make up the whole vocabulary. class在本句中的意思是“种类”,相当于type, category.如: 1)It is very difficult to meet the needs of various classes of readers.(要满足各种读者的需要十分困难) 2)How many classes are you going to divide these books? (你打算把这些书分成几类?) class 还常用来表示“等级”,如:a second-class hotel (二等旅馆); an economy-class ticket (经济舱票);fly first class (乘头等舱航空旅行)。 class 也可以用动词用,意思是“把 …分类;把…看作”,如: 1)At 19 you are still classed as a teenager.(到了十九岁,你仍旧是青少年。) 2)He was classed as a genius (他被看作为天才) make up 在本句中的意思是“组成、构成”,请看例句: 1)Twenty-six boys and twenty-four girls make up the class (二十六名男生和二十四名女生组成了这个班) 2)Twelve doctors made up the medical team (十二名医生组成医疗队) 用被动语态时则应用be made up of,如: This engine is made up of 490 parts (这台发动机是由四百九十个部件装配而成的) taken together 过去分词短语做后置定语,对中心词做一些附加说明,相当于一个非限定性定语从句,要用逗号和中心词隔开,如: All the letters in the drawer, written in pencil, are from my brother.(抽屉里的这些用铅笔写的信都是我弟弟写的。) 2. First, there are those words with which we become familiar in ordinary conversation, which we learn, that is to say, from the members of our own family and from our friends, and which we should know and use even if we could not read or write. 句子中which引导的都是定语从句,修饰中心词words.第一个which的前面有介词with,这儿的with是familiar with中的介词前置了。Familiar with 意为“熟悉”。如:Are you familiar with the man standing over there?(站在那边的那个人你熟悉吗?) 请注意familiar with 与familiar to 的区别,familiar with 的主语通常是人,而familiar to的主语通常是物。如: 1)I am not familiar with this place. 2) This place is mot familiar to me. that is to say 是插入语,其作用是对整个一句话进行解释,类似的插入语还有so to speak, if I may say so, if you don't mind等等,如: 1)I'd really rather not go, if you don't mind 我确实不想去,你如果不介意的话。 2) The new emperor was, so to speak, a puppet.新皇帝可以说是个傀儡。 3.They concern the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of who speak the language concern 在句中的意思是“涉及,有关于”,如: 1)Don't interfere in things that don't concern you (别干预跟你无关的事)。 2)The energy problem concerns us all (能源问题关系到我们每个人) stock的意思很多,如“存货”,“股票”,“公债券”,“牲畜”等。 1)They hold a rich stock of information (他们掌握着丰富的材料) 2)You cannot buy it because it's out of stock (你买不成了,货品已经脱销) 3)He used to have a stock farm (他曾经拥有一个畜牧场) 4)The fridge was carefully stocked up with food.(冰箱里周到地放满了食品) stock in trade 也可以写成stock in trade,意思是“例行工作”,“常规”,如: 1)Complaints were a stock in trade of an airport manager's job (机场经理的工作就是常常面对投诉) 2)He was the master of black humor, it was his stock in trade (他是黑色幽默大师,黑色幽默是他的专长) 4.Such words may be called “popular”, since they belong to the people at large and are not the possession of a limited class only. since 在句中引导的是一个原因状语从句,请看例句: 1)Since it was Saturday, he got up very late (因为是周六,他起床很晚。) 2)You can take the place of him since he is not interested (你可以取代他,因为他对这事不感兴趣) at large 在本句中的意思是“整个”,这个词组的意思还有很多,请看下面的句子: 1)The people at large love peace (大多数人热爱和平) 2)The virus is still at large (这种病毒还在蔓延) 3)The murderer is still at large (杀人犯仍逍遥法外) 4)He talked at large about his plans (他详尽地谈了自己的计划) 5)They made the arrangements at large (他们随意地做了安排 ) 5. 请注意区别与possession 有关的两个词组:in possession of sth……和 in the possession of sb. 1)He is in possession of this house (他拥有这所房子) 2)The house is in the possession of him 3)On the other hand, our language includes large number of words which are relatively seldom used in ordinary conversation. 英语中有许多表示启承转合的词语,阅语中注意这些词有助于我们提高理解力,写作中注意用这些词,有助于我们把文章写得连贯、有条理。On the other hand 在本句中用来表示不同或相反的语气,在前一段中讲了popular word 这一段中作者则要讲讲learned words. 表示不同或相反语气的词还有很多,比如:Conversely, however, on the contrary, unlike, whereas, yet等等。 前面我们提到过number可以与可数名词连用,而amount可与不可数名词连用,如: 1)A large number of students have passed the exam (许多学生已经通过了考试) 2)They paid a large amount of money for the house (他们付了一大笔钱买了这座房子) 6.Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little occasion to use them at home occasion 通常可以做可数名词用,意思是“时刻、场合”;也可以做不可数名词用,意思是:“必要性、需要;机会”。如: 1)They're met on several occasions (他们已相遇过好几次) 2)They are occasions when you find it difficult to say “Good-bye”。(有时候你会觉得说“再见”很难。) 3)I don't remember I had occasion to blame him (我不记得我有责备他的必要) 7.In the latter, we are using a Latin Derivation which has exactly the same meaning 在前一句中用了“in the first case,” 本句中的“in the latter ”是指in the latter case .对两件事分别进行表述时,可以用in the first case, in the latter case 这一类词,条理非常清楚,也可以用the former,the latter 来表述。derivation 是derive 的名词形式。Latin derivation 意思是“拉丁语词源的词”,请看例句: 1)These words are derived from Latin (这些词由拉丁语派生而来) 2)The derivation of words is interesting (词的派生很有意思) 8. The terms “popular” and “learned”, as applied to words, are not absolute definitions.本句中的term意思是“术语、名称”,如: 1) I don't know how to put this term into Chinese (我不知道如何把这一术语译成中文) 2) Writer is hardly the term to apply to him (“作家”这一名称很难用在他身上) term 还有“期限;任期;学期”的意思,如: 1)During his 4-year term of office, he did a lot of things for the common people.(在他四年的任职期间,他为普通百姓做了不少事。) 2) He decided to rum for a second term (他决定竞选连任。) 3) The autumn term is coming to an end (秋学期快要结束了。) apply to 在句中的意思是“用于”,如: 1)This rule applies to upper class students only (这条规则只适用于高年级学生。) 2)I don't think what he says applies to you (我想他的话对你不适用) 3)They are eager to apply the theory to practice (他们急切地想把这一理论用于实践) apply for 则是“申请”的意思,如: 1)How many people have applied for the job?(有多少人申请了这个工作?) 2)They applied for permission to use the tennis court (他们申请使用网球场。) 9. Still the classification into “learned” and “popular” is convenient and sound .本句中的sound是形容词,意思是“正确的;明智的”,如: 1)He felt so happy that he had made a sound decision.(做了正确的决定,他感到很高兴。) 2)He was so carried away by power that he could not make any sound judgement(他被权力冲昏了头脑,无法做出任何明智的判断) 请看下面几个句子,注意sound 在句中的意思: 1)He is sound in body and mind (他身心健康) 2)The house is sound .Don't hesitate to buy it (这所房了完好无损,别犹豫,买下它) 3)The baby is having a sound sleep.(宝宝在酣睡) 4)Father gave him a sound beating.(父亲给他一顿痛打) 10.When we call a word “learned” we don't mean that it is used by learned persons alone, but simply that its presence in the English vocabulary is due to books and the cultivation of literature rather than to the actual needs of ordinary people not (that)…。but (that)。意思“不是…。而是。”如: 1)I came here again not because I enjoy the scenery so much but because I like the people .(我又来这儿,不是因为我多喜欢这儿的景色,而是我爱这儿的人们。) 2)By calling him Shylock, I don't mean that he is named Shylock,but that he is as miserly as Shylock.(叫他夏洛克,我不是说他的名字叫夏洛克,而是说他像夏洛克一样吝啬。) due to 在句中的意思是“由于”,如: 1)His failure was due to carelessness (他的失败是由于粗心。) 2)Due to lack of funds,they had to postpone the project.(由于缺少资金,他们不得不推迟计划) rather than 在本句的意思是“不是…而是……”,“与其……不如…” 1) He is a writer than a teacher (与其说他是教师,不如说他是作家。) 2)He lay rather than sit in the armchair (与其说他是坐在扶手椅上不如说是躺在里面。) 本课主要词组 1.make up 2.be familiar with 3.learn from 4.belong to 5.at large 6.on the other hand 7.be knows to 8.acquaintance with 9.in a style 10. be of importance 11. in the first case 12. in the latter (case) 13. in print 14. apply to 15. come up 16. as to 17. as a whole 18. due to 19. rather than Text B how should you build up your vocabulary? 短语表达 1. build up (建立;增强;增加) They worked hard to build up the friendship between the people in two countries. Get plenty of exercise every to build up your health. 2. come across (穿过,出现;遇到) They came across the street to meet me. A good idea came across my mind We are bound to come across difficulties, but we are determined to overcome them. 3. look up (查阅) If there are words you don't understand, look them up in the dictionary . For further information about this matter, look up this book. 4. at top speed (以速度) He drove his car at top speed It's dangerous to corner at top speed 5. depend on (依靠;取决于) We'll depend mainly on ourselves to solve the problem. The accomplishment of the task depends on the solution of this major problem. 6. make sense (有意义、讲得通) What he said just now didn't make any sense to me. This sentence doesn't make any sense. 7. try doing sth(尝试做某事) You can try using another method to go it He tried climbing the mountain without any help. 8. come up with (提出,想出;提供) He is expected to come up with some ideas after he thinks about the problem. The TV network will come up with better shows in the future. 9. lead to(导致) Our discussions led to confusion. The earthquake led to heavy loss of life. 10. after all (毕竟) Don't expect too much of him, he is, after all, a child of 10. We didn't finish all the work. After all, we didn't have enough hands 11. provide with (提供) It is necessary that you provide them with all the equipment We are satisfied to be provided with these kitchen utensils 12. begin with (以……开始) The first word of a sentence should begin with a capital letter . To begin with, we ought to know what we are here for.

Unit18(第53讲—第55讲) 本课主要句型 1. Now it is hard to visualize a map that does not feature north at the top, but this was not always so. 本句中it做形式主语(formal subject),to visualize a map……。是真正的主语(real subject)。用it 做形式主语, 主要是因为主语较长,谓语较短,于是不定式常放在谓语的后面。例如: 1)It is necessary to tell him the news as soon as possible.(尽快把这消息告诉他是很必要的。) 2)It took us 30 minutes to get there by bus.(坐公共汽车到那儿花了我们30分钟时间。) 3)It made us very angry to see him talk to the old man in such an impolite manner.(看到他以如此不礼貌的方式与那位老人谈话,我们非常气愤。) 4)How much did it cost you to send the parcel express?(速递这个包裹花了你多少钱?) 请翻译下列句子,注意用做形式主语: 1)掌握一门外语不是一件容易的事。 2)能来参加这个晚宴是我们的荣幸。 3)我们不帮助他们是错误的。 4)他们拒绝采纳这个建议是不明智的。 上面的四个句子可以翻译为: 1) It is not easy to master a foreign language. 2) It is our honor to be present at this dinner party. 3) It was a mistake for us not to help them. 4) It is unwise of them to turn sown the suggestion. Visualize是一个动词,意思是 imagine (想像)。在词汇部分我们讲到过-ize是动词后缀。常用在形容词后面构成动词,如:localize(局部化,地方化), urbanize (城市化),nationalize (使国有化), finalize(最后定下来)visualize 这个动词,我们在第四单元中已经学过,请把下面两个句子译成英语,注意使用 visualize: 1)我难以想像等待着我的将会是什么。 2)一整天,他都在想像着将在教堂举行的婚礼。 这两句话可以译为: 1) I cannot visualize what is waiting for me. 2) He has been visualizing the wedding ceremony to be held at the church for the whole day. ……this was not always so中的 so 是个代词,意思是“如此,这样”,如: 1)――I think you made the wrong decision. ――Is that so? (是这样吗?) 2)It is not necessary to find out why it is so.(去了解为什么如此是没有必要的。) 3)I believe so.(我相信是这样。) 2. The oldest known map in the accepted sense of the word was drawn about 3,800BC, and represents the river Euphrates flowing through northern Mesopotamia, Irag. 本句中的known是过去分词做形容词用,意思是“已知的”,在某些语境中,known意为“的”。如: 1)This is the most dangerous substance known to man.(这是人类已知的最危险的物质。) 2)It has become a well known holiday resort.(这儿已成为的度假胜地。) in the…sense of the word 意思是“就这个词的…意义上而言”,如: 1)It is a miracle in the true sense of the word.(这是真正的奇迹。) 2)That is an adventure in every sense of the word.(那才叫冒险。) sense是个常用词,请看下面的句子,注意sense的词意。 1) He has a great sense of humor.(他很有幽默感。) 2) There is some common sense in what he says.(他所说的话有些道理。) 3) What's the sense of doing that since it is already late?(既然已经晚了,做那件事还有什么意义呢?) 4) She came to her senses after a blood transfusion. (输血之后,他苏醒过来。) 5) In a sense what he said is true.(在某种意义上说,他说的话是正确的。) 6) Her explanation doesn't make any sense.(她的解释讲不通。) 7) I cannot make sense of what has written.(她写的东西我弄不懂。) 3. This and others that followed it, were little more than rough sketches of localized features; it was not until many centuries later that the ancient Greeks placed the science of map-making on a sound-footing. 本句中的前一个it是代指上句中的the oldest known map. Little more than 的意思是 almost no more than(只不过是)。请注意下列句子中的little的意思: 1) He is little better than a bookworm. (他简直跟书呆子差不多。) 2) That is little short of open scorn.(那简直就是公然藐视。) It was not until…that…。是一个常见的强调句型,意思是“直到…才”。如: 1) It was not until the cat emerged from behind the bushes that I noticed it.(直到猫从灌木后面出来,我才注意到它。) 2) It was not until he called me that I realized there was a meeting in the afternoon.(直到他给我打电话我才想起下午有个会。) 3) It was not until several weeks later that the stolen car was found.(几个星期以后那辆失窃的汽车才被找到。) 请翻译下列句子,注意使用上述句型。 1)直到20世纪60年代人类才实现登上月球的梦想。 2)直到昨天他才被告知真相。 3)直到妈妈来幼儿园接他,那孩子才停止哭泣。 这三个句子可以翻译为: 1) It was not until the 1960S that man realized the dream of landing on the moon. 2) It was not until yesterday that he was told the truth. 3) It was not until mother came to the kinder-garter to collect him that the boy stopped crying. place sth. on a sound footing 意思是“把…置于坚实的基础上”。 4. The last great scientist of the classical period, he was the first to draw a map that was based on all available knowledge, rather than guess or imagination. The last great scientist of the classical period, 在本句中做同位语,对主语he作进一步的补充说明。 Be based on 意思是“以……为基础”。 Guess在句中做名词用,意思是“推测,猜想”。 Rather than在本句中的意思相当于instead of “而不是”。 1)I have used some simple words rather than the difficult ones.(我用了一些简单词汇而不是难词。) 2)He bought two books rather than one.(他买了两本书而不是一本。) 3)Rather than go back on his word, he kept his promise.(他没有食言,而是言而有信。) 5. Given the state of knowledge of those times, he got things wrong, …… 在第十五单元中,我们学过given这个介词,意思是“考虑到”,在本句中given仍是这个意思,请再看两个例句: 1)Given the poor working condition, you cannot expect the workers to be very efficient.(考虑到工作条件差,你不能指望工人们的效率很高。 2)Given the bad weather, we have to change our plan.(基于天气不好,我们得改变计划。) Times在本句中的意思是“时代”,如: 1)The times are different, women are now equal to man.(时代不同了,现在男女平等了。) 2)In modern times, the development of science and technology is accelerating.(近代科学技术在加速发展。) 3)In the difficult times, many people died of hunger.(在那限难时世,许多人因饥饿而死。) 6. …since Ptolemy had calculated wrongly the size of the Atlantic and was unaware that the pacific ocean existed. 本句中的since引导的是一个原因状语从句,如: 1)Since so many people are absent, we'd better put off the meeting.(既然如此多的人缺席,我们将此会延期。) 2)I won't blame you since you know nothing about it.(既然你对此一无所知,我就不会怪你。) Unaware与aware一样是形容词,其用法也与aware相同,be unaware of…, be unaware that…。 1)I was unaware of his presence.(我没注意到他在场。) 2)He was unaware that he had been followed.(他不知道他被跟踪了。) 7. The reason for this was that he decided to orientate the map in the direction of the pole star since Polaris was the immovable guiding light in which the voyagers of the era placed their trust. 本句中,that引导的是一个表语从句。表语从句的结构为: 主语+连系动词+表语从句。表语从句也可用where, why, how引导。如: 1) The reason for his absence was that he was ill.(他缺席的原因是他病了。) 2) That was why I hated it.(这就是我不喜欢这个的原因。) 3) That is how he cheated people.(他就是用这种方式人的。) Which所引导的是一个定语从句修饰guiding light限定性定语从句如果修饰“物”,关系代词that和which都可用,但在介词的后面只能用which,在口语中一般把介词放到从句后部去,这时则可以用that.如: 1) This is the question about which we had a discussion last night.(这就是我们昨晚讨论的问题。) This is the question that we. Had a discussion about last night. 2) This is the fact on which we base our opinion.(我们的观点就是建立在这个事实之上的。) This is the fact that we base our opinion on. Trust在句中做名词用,place (put) trust in sb/sth 信任某人(某事)。 1)I don't have any trust in him.(我对他一点也不信任。) 2)Have some trust in the future everything will be OK.(对未来有点信心吧,一切都会好起来。) 3) The old lady placed great trust in her grandson.(那位老太太对她孙子非常信任。) 8. North at the top remained the accepted arrangement until the early Middle Ages, when the church began to interfere seriously with the advance of science. 本句中when引导一个由逗号把前面句子隔开的句子,其意思相当于at the time.如: 1) The party has been put off until next week, when we can get better prepared.(晚会被推迟到下周,那时我们能准备得更好些。) 2) We will wait have until 6, when the manager can spare us a few minutes.(我们在这儿等到6点,那时经理就能给我们几分钟了。) Interfere with意思是“妨碍”,如: 1) Bad dietary habits often interfere with health.(不良的饮食习惯常常妨碍健康。) 2) The interests of the two countries do not interfere with each other.(这两国相互间没有利害冲突。) 9. Once again, north assumed its rightful place at the top of maps. 在第十五单元的Text B中,我们已经学过assume这个词 It has long been assumed that aggression is caused by male hormones.(长期以来,人们认定好斗是由男性荷尔蒙引起的。) 在本句中assume的意思是acquire(获得,取得) 请注意下列例句中assume的意思: 1)I assume the misunderstanding will be cleared up.(我认定这误会会消除。) 2)He assumed the report to be unreliable.(他猜那报告不可靠。) 3) Farmers will have a good harvest , assuming that the weather is favorable.(假如风调雨顺,农民将会有好收成。) 4) Who will assume the costs of running a school? (谁来负担开设一所学校的费用?) 5) He assumed a leading position last May.(去年五月,他担任领导职务。) 6) Hitler assumed power in 1933.(希特勒于1933年夺得政权。) 7) He assumed full control of the company.(他完全控制了这家公司。) 本课主要词组 1. in the sense of 2. more than 3. be based on 4. rather than 5. attempt to do sth 6. in the form of 7. in search of 8. at the top 9. in the direction of 10. place trust in 11. interfere with 12. in accordance with 13. from…point of view 14. reliance on Text B You Have a Choice 短语表达 1. side by side They are sitting side by side. We walked side by side along the river. 2. be seated Please be seated, I will fix you a cup of coffee. The hostess was seated with the guests when I hurried in. 3. ahead of The boy is running ahead of his classmates. I believe we can finish the work ahead of time. 4. be certain of I cannot be certain of the time of their arrival. Can you be certain of the truth of his utterance? 5. bring about The new policy is sure to bring about a lot of changes. What Father said has brought about a profound change in his personality. 6. account for This excuse cannot account for your absence. Her explanation doesn't account for the failure. 7. regardless of All of you will be given a chance regardless of your age and sex. Regardless of which method you choose, the result will be the same. 8. make a difference Whether he comes or not will not make any difference. I hope my participation will make a difference. 9. lead to Excessive smoking may lead to lung cancer. The misunderstanding led to a bad quarrel. 10. pull out of The train pulled out of the station at 10:00. When do you think the car will pull out of the garage? 11. for sure I don't know for sure who will be in charge of this department. He couldn't tell for sure what was in the distance. 12. apply to It is hard to apply the rule to real work. It is necessary that the theory be applied to practice. 13. deal with He is hard to deal with. I have no idea how to deal with this situation.

Unit1 Text A How to be a successful language learner? 本课主要单词 1. successful adj. 成功的 He is a successful writer. (他是一个有成就的作家。) He hopes he will be successful this time. (他希望他这次能够成功。) success n. 成功 Their film is a great success.(他们的影片很成功。) We are sure of success. (我们一定能成功。) succeed v. 成功 I succeeded in getting the job. (我成功地得到了这份工作。) She succeeded in passing the exam. (她考试及格了。) 2. adult adj. & n. 成年的,成熟的;成年人 These adult films are not suitable for children.(这些成人电影,儿童不宜观看。) Don''t worry too much about him, he is an adult now.(别为他过分担心,他是成年人了。) 3. disagree vi. 有分歧,不同意;不符,不一致 agree vi. 同意 I disagree with you about this.〔对于这件事,我跟你的意见不同。〕 These figures disagree with last week''s results.(这些数据与上周的结果不符。) I agree with what you said. (我同意你所说的。) She agreed to the plan.(她赞成这个计划。) We haven''t agreed on the date of the meeting.(我们还没商定会议的日期。) agreement n. 同意;协议 disagreement n. 不同意 We haven''t reached an agreement yet.(我们还没达成协议。) There was no disagreement, and the proposal was accepted.(没有不同意见,这个建议被接受了。) (请注意:前缀dis-通常可以加在动词,名词,形容词前面,构成反意词。例如:dissatisfy,disorder,disable. 后缀-ment加在动词的后面,构成名词。例如:arrangement,argument 等。) 4. statement n. 声明,陈述 (由动词state 加名词后缀-ment构成) Very soon he made his first public statement about the affair. (他很快就此事件首次发表公开声明。) Do you believe the witness''s statement? (你相信证人的陈述吗?) (请注意动词与名词的搭配:issue a statement, make a statement) 5. guarantee n. & v. 保证,担保,保修 He gave his guarantee that he would repay the money as soon as he could.(他保证他会尽快还钱。) The washing machine is guaranteed for five years.(这台洗衣机保用5年。) (请注意guarantee做动词的用法:guarantee sth.,guarantee that, guarantee against / from ) 6. intelligent adj. 聪明的,明智的 He made an intelligent decision.(他做出了明智的决定。) Human beings are much more intelligent than animals.(人类远比动物聪明。) Intelligence n. 聪明,智力 She prided herself on her intelligence.(她为自己的聪明感到自豪。) Intelligently adv. 聪明地,明智地 They dealt with the problem intelligently.(他们明智地处理了这个问题。) 7. conversely adv. 相反地 Some are wealthy but unhappy; conversely, others are happy but not wealthy. (有的人富有但不快乐,相反,另一些人快乐但不富有。) converse adj. 相反的 I hold the converse opinion.(我的观点相反。) converse v. 交谈,谈话 He felt it difficult to converse with Helen in English.(他觉得跟海伦用英语交谈很困难。) 8. similar adj. 相似的,类似的 The two animals are similar to each other in appearance.(这两只动物外表很相似。) similarity n. 相似,类似 Their differences are more noticeable than their similarities.(他们的不同之处比相同之处更明显。) 9. independent adj. 独立的,自主的 (这个词的词根是depend,在depend的后面加上后缀 -ent可以构成形容词,加上 -ence则可以构成名词;在dependent,dependence前面加上前缀 in- 又可以构成反义词。) depend v. 依靠,依赖 dependence n. 依靠,依赖 dependent adj. 依靠的,依赖的 independence n. 独立,自主 India won its independence in 1947.(印度于1947年赢得了独立。) 10. clue n. 线索,提示 The police searched all the houses but found no clues.(警察搜索了所有的房屋,但是没有发现任何线索。) (注意用法:find /give a clue to sth.) 11. conclusion n. 结论,推论 conclude v. 断定,决定 (注意用法:come to a conclusion,jump at a conclusion,draw a conclusion,reach a conclusion) What conclusions did you come to?(你得出了什么结论?) 12. communicate v. 交流,交际,通讯 communication n. 交流,通讯 communicative adj. 爱说话的 To communicate with him is no easy job, as he is not a communicative person.(他是一个不爱说话的人,与他交流可不容易。) Speech and writing are man''s most important methods of communication.(说和写是人类最重要的交流方式。) 13. inexact adj. 不正确的,不精确的 与independent一样,该词是由形容词 exact加前缀in- 构成的。 14. incomplete adj. 不完整的 complete adj.& v. 完整的;完成 This is an incomplete sentence, please add the omitted part and make it complete. 〔这是一个不完整的句子,请加上省略的成分使其完整。〕 I don''t think I can complete the work in 2 hours. 〔我想我在两小时内干不完这活。〕 15. purpose n. 目的,意图,用途 purposeful adj. 有目的的,有意图的 purposefully adv. 有目的地,蓄意地 The purpose of the meeting was to discuss his proposal.〔会议的目的是讨论他的建议。〕 He let out the information purposefully to you.〔他有意向你透露了这个消息。〕 16. regularly adv. 经常地,定期地 regular adj. 经常的,定期的 irregular adj. 不规则的,无规律的 If you review your lessons regularly, you will do well on tests. 〔如果你定期复习功课,就能在考试中取得好成绩。〕 17. technique n. 技术,技巧,手艺 Good study techniques help him to be one of the straight A students in his class. 〔良好的学习技巧使他成为班上的全优生之一。〕 18. outline v.& n. 概括;大纲,提纲;轮廓 He listened carefully as I outlined my reasons.〔在我简述我的原因时,他认真地听着。〕 The English teacher asked us to write a brief outline of the story. 〔英语老师让我们写这篇故事的概要。〕 He saw the outline of the house in the moonlight.(在月光下,他看到了那座屋子的轮廓。) 本课主要词缀 1. 名词后缀 -ment agreement, statement 2. 名词后缀 -ation, -ion, -sion communication, completion, conclusion 3. 名词后缀 -ity similarity, regularity 4. 名词后缀 -ence intelligence, independence 5. 形容词后缀 -ful successful, purposeful 6. 副词后缀 -ly conversely, regularly, purposefully 7. 反义词前缀 in inexact, incomplete, independent 8. 反义词前缀 dis disagree, discover 本课简介 How to Be a Successful Language Learner 是一篇典型的说明文。此类文章通常以逻辑顺序安排材料,作者要回答HOW或WHY方面的问题。在说明文的阅读与写作中,要注意抓主题句以及使文章内容启承转合的常用词句。 本课中,作者从一句引言入手,先谈了人们对语言学习的看法,然后阐述了自己对学好语言的看法。文章条理十分清楚,对我们学写说明文很有帮助。 本课语言点 1. Learning a language is easy. 这是一个 主语+动词+表语 (SVP)句型。句中learning a language为动名词短语,在句子中做主语。再如: Forgetting the past means betrayal.(忘记过去就意味着背叛。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) 阅读英语比讲英语容易。 (Reading English is easier than speaking it.) 2) 集邮是我弟弟的爱好。(Collecting stamps is my little brother''s hobby.) 2. Even a child can do it. even在句中作副词用,加强语气,表示“甚至(…也),连(…都)”。如:He even didn''t trust his best friend.(他甚至不信任他的朋友。) 请注意even与 even if / though的区别并翻译下面的句子: 1) 这个我连听都没听过。(I haven''t even heard of it.) 2) 即使花了数天时间复习,他也没能考好。(He didn''t do well in the exam even though he spent days reviewing.) 3. Most adults who are learning a second language would disagree with this statement. 句中who are learning a second language为定语从句,修饰先行词most adults,再如: The man who wrote this book is a teacher.(写这本书的人是一位教师。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) 穿蓝色夹克的那个男孩是我们的班长。 (The boy who is in a blue jacket is our monitor.) 2) 你昨天借给我的那本书很有趣。 (The book that you lent me yesterday is very interesting.) 句中的would是助动词,表示“可能”,“(将)会”。例如: A picnic without you wouldn''t be fun.(野餐没你参加会很没意思。) 助动词would的用法很多,概括起来主要有如下几种: 1) 表示过去将来时:I felt confident that everything would be all right. 2) 表示意愿:I asked him not to do it, but he wouldn''t listen to me. 3) 表示习惯性:Every evening, we would go for a walk along the river. 4) 表示虚拟,假设,条件:If you had come earlier, you would have seen him. 5) 表示婉转地请求或建议:Would you look after my cat while I am away?

湖南自考本科笔记

考试规律总结1,自考的内容就是教辅《自考通》或《一考通》上的重点提示或原题。多做教辅习题。2,自考历年试卷上考点有些重复考,最近四年的试卷要多做。模拟试卷要多做。3,考试前三周死拼教辅。光看教材效果不显著,多关注教辅才是关键。4,考试难度大的题目占百分三十不到,将简单题和中等题掌握就行了。5,如果是记忆的话:将每段话的第一句强记住,后面的内容掌握大义即可。文科和理科有区别的,文科宏观性强。只要你答题不跑偏,大义写对就可捞分。6,多项选择实在拿不了主意:ABCDE全选满,总能碰对几分。7,考前三周反复做《自考通》或《一考通》,记住重点提示和习题。模拟试卷和历年试卷上的题目每天做一套,力争全面掌控。

可以看看考试的卷子,对比下这几年考试的重点在学习

如果是文科的话建议你买个自考通,上面全是考点,一句废话没有。

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