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初中英语教师资格证英语试题

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初中英语教师资格证英语试题

2018年下半年教师资格面试-英语学科-试讲-考题解析

初中英语 语法

一、考题回顾

二、考题解析

【教案】

Teaching aims:

Knowledge aim:

Students will master the rule of the Simple Past Tense.

Ability aim:

Students will able to talk about the things happened in the past in their daily life.

Emotional aim:

Students will learn how to cooperate with others.

Key and difficult point:

Key Point: Students will master the structure of the Simple Past Tense.

Difficult Point: Students will use the structure of the Simple Past Tense in daily life.

Teaching procedure:

Step 1: Warming-up

1. Greetings.

2. Ask students a question: what are you reading recently? And ask some students to share with the whole class.

Step 2: Presentation

1. Review the knowledge about the past tense of verbs: write some verbs on the blackboard and ask students to change the verbs into their past tense.

2. Ask students to read the dialogue and pay attention to the background information about Mark Twain. Then ask students some questions: What’ Mark Twain’ real name? When did he born? When did he begin to work? And then invite some students to share the answers with the whole class and write down on the blackboard.

3. Then ask students when these things happened and then tell them the rule of past tense: Simple Past Tense refers to the actions or states happened at a certain moment in the past, or a certain period of time in the past. It is often used with temporal adverbial, such as yesterday, last week and so on.

4. Ask students to read the dialogue again and try to find other sentences which used the Simple Past Tense and share with class. Then tell students the rule of general and special interrogative sentences in the past tense: general interrogative sentences use auxiliary verbs (did) and special interrogative sentences use special interrogative words (what, when, how...).

Step 3: Practice

1. Ask student to role play the dialogue and ask two groups to show in class.

2. Play a game: magic box. There is a magic box which is full of all kind of verbs, ask students to choose one card and then make a sentence with it using the Simple Past Tense.

Step4: Production

Discussion: ask students to talk about what happened to them in the last weekend, they should use the Simple Past Tense and then invite two of them to show their conversation.4 in 1, 5 minutes will be given.

Step5: Summary and Homework

Summary: ask a student to conclude the content of the lesson and summarize with the whole class.

Homework: ask students to practice the usage of Simple Past Tense learned today with desk mates after class.

Blackboard design:

【答辩题目解析】

1. Could you list any other temporal adverbials which can be used in The Simple Past Tense?

【参考答案】

Usually, we can use yesterday, last night/night/month/weekend/year, the day before yesterday, in 1992 (a year in the past), in the 1990s, at the age of 16 and so on.

初中英语教师资格证考试英语真题

示例:面试官好,我是面试初中英语的考生编号***,今天我抽到的题目是人教版九年级的Unit1,《How do you study for a test?》一)Teaching Aims1. Learn and master new words, phrases and sentence patterns. 2. Enable the students to talk in English about how to stu-dy English very well.3. Develop the students speaking and writing ability.二)Teaching Key Points and difficult Points1. Improve the students’ speaking and writing ability. 2. Master some phrases and some sentence patterns.1. Phrases: first of all, later on, laugh at, take notes 2. Sentence Patterns: Sb. be afraid to do sth. Sb. realize that clause三)Teaching proceduresStep 1 Revision and lead-inAsk some questions: 1. Can you speak English? 2. How long have learned English? 3. Are you enjoying learning English? 4. Do you have good ways to study English well?Step2 presentation for readningAsk a question: Would you like to learn English well?Step 3 Fast reading1. Give 2 minutes to read passage quickly. 2. Answer my question:How does she learn English well? 3. Repeat the right answer and write them on the blackboard.Step 4 Careful reading1. Explain some main phrases and sentence patterns. 2. Give 4 minutes to read passage carefully and do the exercises in pairs. 3. Check the answer: Ask a team students do it one by one. Step 5 practice1. Summarize the good ways to learn English. 2. Divide students to groups to discuss how to become a better language learner. Then write a complete letter. 3. Make a competition: Invite the leader to read the complete letterStep 6 Consolidation and summary1. Emphasis the phrases and sentence patterns. 2. Retell some useful experiences to improve English ability. 四)HomeworkWrite down an article about how to study English well,an-d read it to your classmates.此模板仅供参考,具体的板书设计还是要靠自己多加琢磨才行,希望能对你有用~

2018年下半年教师资格面试-英语学科-试讲-考题解析

初中英语 语法

一、考题回顾

二、考题解析

【教案】

Teaching aims:

Knowledge aim:

Students will master the rule of the Simple Past Tense.

Ability aim:

Students will able to talk about the things happened in the past in their daily life.

Emotional aim:

Students will learn how to cooperate with others.

Key and difficult point:

Key Point: Students will master the structure of the Simple Past Tense.

Difficult Point: Students will use the structure of the Simple Past Tense in daily life.

Teaching procedure:

Step 1: Warming-up

1. Greetings.

2. Ask students a question: what are you reading recently? And ask some students to share with the whole class.

Step 2: Presentation

1. Review the knowledge about the past tense of verbs: write some verbs on the blackboard and ask students to change the verbs into their past tense.

2. Ask students to read the dialogue and pay attention to the background information about Mark Twain. Then ask students some questions: What’ Mark Twain’ real name? When did he born? When did he begin to work? And then invite some students to share the answers with the whole class and write down on the blackboard.

3. Then ask students when these things happened and then tell them the rule of past tense: Simple Past Tense refers to the actions or states happened at a certain moment in the past, or a certain period of time in the past. It is often used with temporal adverbial, such as yesterday, last week and so on.

4. Ask students to read the dialogue again and try to find other sentences which used the Simple Past Tense and share with class. Then tell students the rule of general and special interrogative sentences in the past tense: general interrogative sentences use auxiliary verbs (did) and special interrogative sentences use special interrogative words (what, when, how...).

Step 3: Practice

1. Ask student to role play the dialogue and ask two groups to show in class.

2. Play a game: magic box. There is a magic box which is full of all kind of verbs, ask students to choose one card and then make a sentence with it using the Simple Past Tense.

Step4: Production

Discussion: ask students to talk about what happened to them in the last weekend, they should use the Simple Past Tense and then invite two of them to show their conversation.4 in 1, 5 minutes will be given.

Step5: Summary and Homework

Summary: ask a student to conclude the content of the lesson and summarize with the whole class.

Homework: ask students to practice the usage of Simple Past Tense learned today with desk mates after class.

Blackboard design:

【答辩题目解析】

1. Could you list any other temporal adverbials which can be used in The Simple Past Tense?

【参考答案】

Usually, we can use yesterday, last night/night/month/weekend/year, the day before yesterday, in 1992 (a year in the past), in the 1990s, at the age of 16 and so on.

教师资格证初中英语面试教案:Don’t eat in class一、教材分析  本单元是人教版《新目标》的第十二单元。这本教材的词汇量很大,内容新颖,尤其是生动活泼的卡通化的画面,很符合七年级学生的年龄特点和心理特点,其 中还囊括了很丰富多彩的文化知识,以及合作探究的活动,十分贴近学生的实际生活经验。本单元的话题Talk about rules.与日常生活密切相关。作为一名中学生,遵守学校班级、家庭和社会公共场所的规章制度是必须的。在谈论规则时,一般运用祈使句、情态动词can 和have to等。这是英语新课程标准中规定所必须掌握的内容,是交际英语中必不可少的项目。因此,本单元对于提升学生的学习兴趣而提高学生的听、说、读、写能力有 很大的帮助。并通过self check检测,积极地、及时地寻找各自的不足,以便学生树立良好的内在动机,不断获得成就感。二、教学目标1、教学目标⑴知识目标这一单元主要话题是“Talk about rules谈论规则”,其中主要涉及内容如下:A、Functions功能:谈论规则,并制定规则。B、Structures语法结构:祈使句和情态动词Can和have to的用法。C、Target Language日常交际用语:Don’t eat in class!Can we wear hats?No,we can’t.We don’t have to wear a schooluniform等。D、Vocabulary词汇:rule、classroom、hallway、fight、have to等。(2)能力目标培养学生运用所学句型谈论规则的能力,并培养学生遵守规则的习惯。(3)情感目标A、谈论规则有利于学生守秩序,遵纪守法,使学生感受到自觉遵守各项规章制度的好处。B、有些规则是必要的,但规则太多却使人感厌烦!学生在遵守规则的过程中会体验到不同的情感。2、教学重点、难点(1)重点:学习并运用谈论规则的日常交际用语及词汇。(2)难点:祈使句否定形式以及have to的用法。3、教具准备:把学校的一些规则制成卡片,投影仪、录音机、图片等。4、课时安排:根据学生的实际情况,将用4个课完成教学任务。三、学情分析我所任教的班级为我校七年级的学生。我校位于农村,因此绝大部分的学生来自周边的农村,再加上周围方言的影响,更是对英语学习造成很大的困难,而学生英语 基础更是参差不齐。课堂上相当一部分学生由于基础或是个性差异原因对学习英语缺乏自信。能够很投入,很积极学习的常常只是很少部分人。学生优差的两极分化 非常严重,男女生的差异也很大,通过上个学期的学习,女生在英语学习的信心上明显劣于男生。因此,教师应采取积极措施及时帮助那些“弱势群体”,帮助他们 树立自信心,激发他们学习的兴趣,让他们体会到英语学习的乐趣。四、教学设计理念本单元几个课时教学设计均强调从学生的学习兴趣,生活经验和认知水平出发,结合本校实际,谈论学校班级的各种规章制度以及规则的优点和不足。提倡采用任务 型语言教学途径和方法,鼓励学生在教师的指导下,通过体验、实践、参与、探索和合作等方式,发现语言的规律,逐步掌握语言知识和技能,不断调整情感态度, 形成有效的学习策略和自主学习能力。五、说教法1、听说法:以听、说、读、写、练为主,通过对本课重点句型的学习培养学生听力、口语以及书面语的能力。2、交际法:注意语言的运用能力,培养学以致用的意识,有利于激发学生的学习兴趣和相互作用。六、学法分析新课标准强调以学生为中心,学生作为学习的主体,教师的主要任务是帮助学生形成有效的学习策略,发展自主学习的能力。在本单元教学中,教师应引导学生:1、各校都有自己的规则,谈论规则是常见的事,大家应养成经常使用英语谈论的习惯,提高口语能力。2、学习英语不是一朝一夕的事,要求学生长期练习,多听、多说、多练,只有坚持不懈才能学习好英语。

江西英语教师资格证初中英语真题

示例:面试官好,我是面试初中英语的考生编号***,今天我抽到的题目是人教版九年级的Unit1,《How do you study for a test?》一)Teaching Aims1. Learn and master new words, phrases and sentence patterns. 2. Enable the students to talk in English about how to stu-dy English very well.3. Develop the students speaking and writing ability.二)Teaching Key Points and difficult Points1. Improve the students’ speaking and writing ability. 2. Master some phrases and some sentence patterns.1. Phrases: first of all, later on, laugh at, take notes 2. Sentence Patterns: Sb. be afraid to do sth. Sb. realize that clause三)Teaching proceduresStep 1 Revision and lead-inAsk some questions: 1. Can you speak English? 2. How long have learned English? 3. Are you enjoying learning English? 4. Do you have good ways to study English well?Step2 presentation for readningAsk a question: Would you like to learn English well?Step 3 Fast reading1. Give 2 minutes to read passage quickly. 2. Answer my question:How does she learn English well? 3. Repeat the right answer and write them on the blackboard.Step 4 Careful reading1. Explain some main phrases and sentence patterns. 2. Give 4 minutes to read passage carefully and do the exercises in pairs. 3. Check the answer: Ask a team students do it one by one. Step 5 practice1. Summarize the good ways to learn English. 2. Divide students to groups to discuss how to become a better language learner. Then write a complete letter. 3. Make a competition: Invite the leader to read the complete letterStep 6 Consolidation and summary1. Emphasis the phrases and sentence patterns. 2. Retell some useful experiences to improve English ability. 四)HomeworkWrite down an article about how to study English well,an-d read it to your classmates.此模板仅供参考,具体的板书设计还是要靠自己多加琢磨才行,希望能对你有用~

2018年下半年教师资格面试-英语学科-试讲-考题解析

初中英语 语法

一、考题回顾

二、考题解析

【教案】

Teaching aims:

Knowledge aim:

Students will master the rule of the Simple Past Tense.

Ability aim:

Students will able to talk about the things happened in the past in their daily life.

Emotional aim:

Students will learn how to cooperate with others.

Key and difficult point:

Key Point: Students will master the structure of the Simple Past Tense.

Difficult Point: Students will use the structure of the Simple Past Tense in daily life.

Teaching procedure:

Step 1: Warming-up

1. Greetings.

2. Ask students a question: what are you reading recently? And ask some students to share with the whole class.

Step 2: Presentation

1. Review the knowledge about the past tense of verbs: write some verbs on the blackboard and ask students to change the verbs into their past tense.

2. Ask students to read the dialogue and pay attention to the background information about Mark Twain. Then ask students some questions: What’ Mark Twain’ real name? When did he born? When did he begin to work? And then invite some students to share the answers with the whole class and write down on the blackboard.

3. Then ask students when these things happened and then tell them the rule of past tense: Simple Past Tense refers to the actions or states happened at a certain moment in the past, or a certain period of time in the past. It is often used with temporal adverbial, such as yesterday, last week and so on.

4. Ask students to read the dialogue again and try to find other sentences which used the Simple Past Tense and share with class. Then tell students the rule of general and special interrogative sentences in the past tense: general interrogative sentences use auxiliary verbs (did) and special interrogative sentences use special interrogative words (what, when, how...).

Step 3: Practice

1. Ask student to role play the dialogue and ask two groups to show in class.

2. Play a game: magic box. There is a magic box which is full of all kind of verbs, ask students to choose one card and then make a sentence with it using the Simple Past Tense.

Step4: Production

Discussion: ask students to talk about what happened to them in the last weekend, they should use the Simple Past Tense and then invite two of them to show their conversation.4 in 1, 5 minutes will be given.

Step5: Summary and Homework

Summary: ask a student to conclude the content of the lesson and summarize with the whole class.

Homework: ask students to practice the usage of Simple Past Tense learned today with desk mates after class.

Blackboard design:

【答辩题目解析】

1. Could you list any other temporal adverbials which can be used in The Simple Past Tense?

【参考答案】

Usually, we can use yesterday, last night/night/month/weekend/year, the day before yesterday, in 1992 (a year in the past), in the 1990s, at the age of 16 and so on.

教师资格证初中英语面试教案:Don’t eat in class一、教材分析  本单元是人教版《新目标》的第十二单元。这本教材的词汇量很大,内容新颖,尤其是生动活泼的卡通化的画面,很符合七年级学生的年龄特点和心理特点,其 中还囊括了很丰富多彩的文化知识,以及合作探究的活动,十分贴近学生的实际生活经验。本单元的话题Talk about rules.与日常生活密切相关。作为一名中学生,遵守学校班级、家庭和社会公共场所的规章制度是必须的。在谈论规则时,一般运用祈使句、情态动词can 和have to等。这是英语新课程标准中规定所必须掌握的内容,是交际英语中必不可少的项目。因此,本单元对于提升学生的学习兴趣而提高学生的听、说、读、写能力有 很大的帮助。并通过self check检测,积极地、及时地寻找各自的不足,以便学生树立良好的内在动机,不断获得成就感。二、教学目标1、教学目标⑴知识目标这一单元主要话题是“Talk about rules谈论规则”,其中主要涉及内容如下:A、Functions功能:谈论规则,并制定规则。B、Structures语法结构:祈使句和情态动词Can和have to的用法。C、Target Language日常交际用语:Don’t eat in class!Can we wear hats?No,we can’t.We don’t have to wear a schooluniform等。D、Vocabulary词汇:rule、classroom、hallway、fight、have to等。(2)能力目标培养学生运用所学句型谈论规则的能力,并培养学生遵守规则的习惯。(3)情感目标A、谈论规则有利于学生守秩序,遵纪守法,使学生感受到自觉遵守各项规章制度的好处。B、有些规则是必要的,但规则太多却使人感厌烦!学生在遵守规则的过程中会体验到不同的情感。2、教学重点、难点(1)重点:学习并运用谈论规则的日常交际用语及词汇。(2)难点:祈使句否定形式以及have to的用法。3、教具准备:把学校的一些规则制成卡片,投影仪、录音机、图片等。4、课时安排:根据学生的实际情况,将用4个课完成教学任务。三、学情分析我所任教的班级为我校七年级的学生。我校位于农村,因此绝大部分的学生来自周边的农村,再加上周围方言的影响,更是对英语学习造成很大的困难,而学生英语 基础更是参差不齐。课堂上相当一部分学生由于基础或是个性差异原因对学习英语缺乏自信。能够很投入,很积极学习的常常只是很少部分人。学生优差的两极分化 非常严重,男女生的差异也很大,通过上个学期的学习,女生在英语学习的信心上明显劣于男生。因此,教师应采取积极措施及时帮助那些“弱势群体”,帮助他们 树立自信心,激发他们学习的兴趣,让他们体会到英语学习的乐趣。四、教学设计理念本单元几个课时教学设计均强调从学生的学习兴趣,生活经验和认知水平出发,结合本校实际,谈论学校班级的各种规章制度以及规则的优点和不足。提倡采用任务 型语言教学途径和方法,鼓励学生在教师的指导下,通过体验、实践、参与、探索和合作等方式,发现语言的规律,逐步掌握语言知识和技能,不断调整情感态度, 形成有效的学习策略和自主学习能力。五、说教法1、听说法:以听、说、读、写、练为主,通过对本课重点句型的学习培养学生听力、口语以及书面语的能力。2、交际法:注意语言的运用能力,培养学以致用的意识,有利于激发学生的学习兴趣和相互作用。六、学法分析新课标准强调以学生为中心,学生作为学习的主体,教师的主要任务是帮助学生形成有效的学习策略,发展自主学习的能力。在本单元教学中,教师应引导学生:1、各校都有自己的规则,谈论规则是常见的事,大家应养成经常使用英语谈论的习惯,提高口语能力。2、学习英语不是一朝一夕的事,要求学生长期练习,多听、多说、多练,只有坚持不懈才能学习好英语。

初中英语教师资格证英语资料

中学教师资格证考试的内容是《综合素质》、《教育知识与能力》、《英语学科知识与能力》这三个科目。自学的话首先建议巩固一下基础,基础掌握好了然后通过反复演练真题提升自己的答题效率以及反顾知识点,最后一个阶段就是靠前的模拟预测阶段了,这个阶段主要就是查缺补漏。教师资格的考试相对来说还是比较容易考的只要是能够好好准备都能够通过的,当然除了复习以外还需要关注当地教师资格考试报名的相关通知,具体的可以关注中小学教师资格考试网进行查看望采纳谢谢。

第四章 英语语言技能的教学 第一节 听力教学 一、听力教学原则: ①分析性的听与综合性的听结合 ②听力教学与其他技能结合起来 ③确定听力的适当难度 ④注重过程与注重意义的结合二、影响听力的主要因素 1.听力材料 2.听力任务 3.文化背景知识 第一:心理因素    第二:知识技能因素 第三:方法与策略因素三、常见的听力教学模式 P240 【1】Bottom-up Model 自下而上的教学模式 该教学模式主张在听力理解之前,安排适当的听力技能训练以及词汇、语法知识的讲解。 【2】Top-downModel  自上而下的教学模式 激活背景知识,组织学生对所要听的材料内容进行预测。 【3】InteractiveModel  交互式的听力教学模式  P241 【4】PWP教学模式 【5】任务型教学模式四、听力教学过程 (1)听前阶段Pre-listening 在听前阶段教师的主要任务是帮助学生做好听力的准备,以激发学生的学习动机,激活他们已有的图式schemata、向学生展现话题、教关键词或句型以及基本训练为主要目标。 (2)听中阶段While-listening 听中阶段最重要的就是培养学生泛听主旨、精听细节的能力。泛听(extensive listening):是让学生初步听材料并回答问题,让学生初步了解文章的主旨大意和基本信息,如时间、地点、原因、方式等。 精听(intensive listening):是通过听课文,让学生再把文章的内容感知一遍,同时可以加深对文章细节的深入了解。教师可以通过一些练习来检验听的效果(Filling in Blanks/True or False/Questions/Forms.) 为保持学生对听力课堂的兴趣,设计的语言任务应该由易到难、泛精结合。要鼓励学生第一遍去精取粗,抓住内容要点和前后线索;第二遍听取一些具体的信息,也就是听细节,明确主题句、关键词和信号词。教师指导学生进行精听与泛听训练注意事项:P243习题答案教师在指导学生进行精听训练时,要与语音、语法和词汇的学习结合,可以与“听”“读”和“写”的技能训练结合,还可以与社会、文化背景知识相结合。在进行精听训练时,教师可以指导学生在反复学生在反复听的基础上完成一些辨音、填充缺失内容、听写练习,之后还可以进行一些拓展练习,如总结听力材料出现的语音现象、跟读和朗读内容,分析听力材料的文本结构和语言特点。 教师在指导学生进行泛听训练时,一定要严格要求学生,听力过程一气呵成,中间不能停顿和来回重复。在泛听训练中可以使用的听力练习包括:测试对听力内容是否理解的选择题、判断题,测试能否抓住重点词句的填空题,以及用自己的语言写出或口述出所听到主要内容的练习等。完成这些练习后,教师要注意和学生及时总结,或与学生共同讨论泛听的策略,例如,如何根据上下文判断生词的含义、如何预测下文等。(三)听后阶段(Post-listening) 根据笔记写出梗概。五、听力基本技能和教学活动 P243 (1)Discrimination                    辨音能力 (2)Recognizing communicating signals 交际信息辨认能力 (3)Listening for gist                  大意理解能力 (4)Listening for specific information    细节理解能力 (5)Word-guessing                   词义猜测能力 (6)Inferring and predicting            推理判断和预测的能力 (7)Note-taking                      记笔记的能力六、听力教学策略  P245 (1)培养学生良好的语感 1.培养语音的感觉 2.培养语义的感觉 3.培养对语言感情色彩的感觉 (2)培养学生良好的听力习惯 1.轻松的英语氛围 2.英语授课 3.良好的听力习惯 (3)因材施教 对不同水平的学生提出不同的要求。对听力差的学生,教师只要求其听懂材料的主旨;对听力好的学生,教师可要求其在听懂材料主旨的同时能听懂听力材料的细节。第二节 口语教学 一、口语教学的原则   P247~248 (一)平衡准确性与流利性的原则 流利强调意义的完整表达,准确强调语言形式的正确使用。在口语教学中,教师应该很好地平衡两者的关系。 (二)以语言意义为中心的活动原则 (三)情境化原则 (四)激励性原则 (五)信息沟原则 P248知识拓展 所谓“信息沟information gap”,就是不同的人在掌握信息方面存在的差距,也叫信息不对称,由于这种差距的存在,人们才有进行传递和交流信息的言语活动。 (六)发展口语策略原则二、口语教学模式 【1】3P模式 3P模式将教学过程分为三个阶段:呈现(presentation)-练习(practice)-产出(production)。 常见的口语训练模式有机械性训练模式和交际性训练模式。 【2】TBLT模式 TBLT(Task-based Language Teaching)模式即任务型的教学模式,是英语课程标准提倡的一种教学模式。 在做中学,既注重语言形式的学习,又注重语言交际的运用。三、口语的教学策略 (1)听说结合,以听带说 (2)采用多种口语练习活动 (3)有效使用交际策略 1.积极回应对方 2.适当借用补白词 3.借助形体语言 4.迂回策略 5.回避策略 6.求助策略 ①主动型回避:在交际时,语言能力较强的一方担心对方听不懂而有意使用简单词或简单句策略。 ②被动型回避:是由于对个别词句把握不大,为了避免错误与误解而采取的策略。 7.掌握常规的程序套语四、口语教学活动 (1)控制性或机械性活动   Controlled or mechanical activities (2)半控制性或半机械性活动Semi-controlledor semi-mechanical activities 1.识别活动 2.发现活动 3.重组活动 4.解决问题:例如根据火车时刻表提出最佳路线 (3)开放性或创造性活动   Open or creative activities 教师可以模拟真实情境进行角色扮演、辩论、问卷访谈、小组讨论、即兴演讲等活动。组织成功的口语教学活动应该注意的事项: P252知识拓展 第一,要符合口语活动设计的原则。口语活动的人物与话题要有真实性和可操作性,必然引起学生的兴趣,同时还应该贴近学生的生活、学习经历与社会实际; 话题的难度要符合学生的英语水平与能力; 话题任务的安排要有梯度,不同任务可以穿插进行,组织课堂教学。 第二,设计丰富多彩的口语活动。例如故事表演、话题辩论、采访活动和演讲等。 第三,口语活动要体现全员参与性。根据新课标,学生是课堂的主体,教师担任参与者、组织者和引导者。同时口语活动要兼顾个性化发展和全员性参与,实现因材施教。适合口语教学的材料: ①材料语言比较简单,没有生僻词汇,句式偏向于口语化,适用于口语练习。 ②选材偏向生活化,有生活气息,适合平时与人交际使用。英语口语最终目的就是让学生能够沟通交流,因此会话语篇可以提供这样一个交流环境。 ③材料以对话的形式呈现,有问有答,也有连续的部分,对于学生的语音、语调学习很有帮助。在口语教学中,教师应该如何平衡准确性与流利性?列举二者 常见的活动形式,并举例进行说明。 口语是一种产出性技能,既要流利又要准确,更要得体、连贯。流利性强调意义的完整表达;准确性强调形式的正确使用。过分注重流利性而忽视准确性,可能造成语言令人费解的后果;而过分强调准确性,则会使得意义表达不连贯。因此,在口语教学中,教师应该很好地平衡二者关系。一般来说,模仿性口语要纠错,以保证正确语言输出,为精确表达奠定基础;交际性口语要容忍错误的发生,尽量不打断学生的思路,等学生连贯地表达出自己的想法后再纠正典型错误。 关注准确性的口语活动有辨别录音中特殊语音、纠正练习等。如;学生在进行“选择疑问句”的语调的模仿练习时,教师针对学生的每句发音进行及时的纠正,以确保学生能掌握不同句式的不同语调。 关注流利性的口语活动有角色扮演、小组活动、分组讨论等。如教师在组织“一次难忘旅行”为话题的小组讨论活动,深入学生的活动中,监控、掌握活动进程,鼓励每个学生都参与,暂时忽略语言形式上的小错误,等到小组讨论结束后,再选取例如“过去式”使用上的问题、语序上的问题等典型错误进行统一纠正。第三节 阅读教学 阅读教学不仅包括语言知识教学,而且还应该包括阅读技能的培养和训练,使得学生具有全面的阅读能力。 一、阅读教学原则   P252~253 (一)读写结合,以读带写的原则 (二)泛读与精读结合的原则 泛读要求广泛、大量、快速地阅读,在扩大词汇量、巩固和发展已学知识的同时,掌握高效率的提取信息的技巧;精读则是从词汇、句型、中心思想、语篇分析等方面进行深入讲解,具有夯实语言基础的功能。 (三)分层阅读原则 第一层是略读;第二层是寻读;第三层是细读;第四层是研读 (四)不同文体,不同教学方法原则 (五)真实阅读,流畅阅读的原则二、阅读教学的模式  P253 (1)自上而下的模式Top-downModel 自上而下的模式着重强调发挥已有的知识在阅读过程中的作用,认为阅读是一个语言心理猜测的过程,主张在阅读教学中重视背景知识的导入,同样帮助学生学会运用自己的知识(事实和社会文化方面的知识、有关阅读材料话题的知识、文章结构组织的知识、上下文情景的知识等)对文章的下文进行预测,然后阅读、检验、修订自己的预测、进行新的预测。 (2)自下而上的模式Bottom-upModel 自下而上的模式着重强调来自读物的信息,认为阅读过程是一种通过解码、编码和转换等手段,对信息进行处理的过程。 读者从字母、到单词,到句子逐个进行解码从而理解全文。 (3)交互补偿模式  Interactive-compensatory Model 交互补偿模式是以上两种模式的结合,认为阅读材料中的信息和读者的思维活动对理解文本内容起了同时发生、同样重要的作用。三、阅读教学的过程 PWP模式是常见的阅读教学模式 (一)读前阶段(Pre-reading) 主要教学活动包括了: ①激发学生的阅读动机; ②组织学生预测文章的内容; ③介绍相关话题的背景知识; ④在语境中呈现新词,扫清阅读上的语言和文化障碍。 (二)读中阶段(While-reading) 主要活动有略读了解课文大意,寻读捕捉具体信息,划分课文结构,将事件排序,回答事实性问题和推理性问题,根据上下文推测词义,推测作者的观点、态度以及文章的深层寓意。 例如: Concluding the main idea Guessing word meaning from that.. (三)读后阶段(Post-reading) ①对学生阅读过程的表现评估(如:学生自我汇报) ②对策略使用的评估(如组织学生就自己的阅读方式进行讨论) ③对阅读质量的检查评估(如提问和书面检查) ④依据所阅读的材料进行口头和笔头的练习(如角色扮演、大意复述、采访活动等) ⑤将阅读信息与材料外的信息相连(如换角色讲故事、模仿写作等)。阅读后阶段的教学任务是什么?该阶段可包括哪些活动?举例说明阅读后活动该如何设计及? 读后活动主要任务是口、笔头巩固学生的阅读成果,其目的是检查学生对目标语的掌握情况及对文章的理解程度,同时促进学生独立思考能力和批判性思维能力的发展。 读后活动主要是根据所读内容开展一些评价或应用性活动,主要包括角色扮演、复述课文、讨论、辩论、讲故事等 以角色扮演为例,教师在组织学生进行角色扮演要给学生角色、时间、主题,并进行分组;要尽量能使每个学生都有参与活动的机会;活动要紧扣阅读内容与教学目标;学生表演结束,教师要给出评价和奖励。四、阅读基本技能以及教学活动 P255 (一)略读 (skimming) 略读是一种快速的浏览的阅读方式,其目的是了解文章的大意。因此读者不需要细读全文,而是有选择性的进行跳跃性的阅读。 特点:对阅读的速度要求很高,而对理解的精确度要求很低。 略读活动可以帮助学生了解文章大意,提高学生阅读速度。略读是教师训练学生提高阅读能力方法之一。 训练略读技能采取三个步骤: 1.通读文章起始段和结尾段 2.细读其他段落的主题句 3.浏览一些与主题句相关的信息词 略读主要活动有: ①阅读后给出标题 ②阅读后匹配标题 ③阅读后撰写概要 ④话题匹配教师指令语: ①Skim the passage to get the gist of it and write it down on your notebook.② Skim the text to get the main idea of it and discuss with your deskmates. (二)寻读 (Scanning) 寻读又称查读,同略读一样,也是一种快速阅读技巧。与略读不同的是,它带有明显的目的性,有针对性的寻找答案。其目的是从较长的文字资料中查寻特定的细节内容。 寻读的主要活动包括:①在规定的时间内查找要求的具体信息 ②信息图表的填充 ③选择填空 ④ 补全图片信息在设计寻读活动应该注意: 1.要有明确的时限规定,以促使学生在较短的时间内完成任务。 2.要引导学生借助关键词快速锁定目标,切忌从头逐字地寻找,导致学生的寻读技巧未得到有效的培养。 3.教师的指令要清楚,不能过于简单,这会造成学生不清楚做什么的局面,从而影响阅读的效果。指令中应该包含在多长时间内(time limit),通过怎么读,读出什么等信息。 教师的指令语 例如: Scan the Paragraphs 3~5 in 5 minutes to get enough information tofill in the table. Scan the first ten lines in 3 minutes and answer the following two questions. (三)猜测词义(Word-guessing) (四)预测(Predicting) (五)推理(Inferring)推理是透过字里行间领悟言外之意及作者的语气、态度的技巧。推理的基本内涵:推理要求读者既能理解文章的字面语义,也能透过字里行间领悟言外之意及作者的语气、态度。推理的前提是阅读到有关文字—可能是短语或句子或整个段落甚至整篇短文。读者必须由表及里、由此及彼,从字里行间悟出作者本意的言外之意。推理的结果既是来自于字里行间、又高于字里行间;既符合原文实际内涵,又超越实际内涵;既基于已知事实,又不仅仅是已知事实。训练推理技能的注意事项: 1.忠于原文,切忌用自己的观点取代作者的原意 2.注意作者遣词造句的特点和倾向,客观推测作者立场、观点和写作意图 3.由同一已知事实可推出不止一个正确结论(六)识别指代关系(Recognizing the Reference) 注意识别像it,he,them,that,these,those这样的代词的指代关系。 第四节写作教学 一、写作教学的原则 P257~258 (1)模仿性与应用性相结合原则 (2)重过程与重结果相结合的原则 (3)写作与听说、阅读有机结合原则 (4)学习性写作与交际性写作相结合的原则二、写作模式    P258~259 (一)重结果的写作教学模式(Product-oriented Approach) 重结果的写作教学模式是一种注重写作成品的教学模式。其主要特点是一稿写作。 (二)重过程的写作教学模式(Process-oriented Approach) 重过程的写作教学模式是将写作内容与过程并重的写作。写作一般由写前准备、打草稿、同伴或者小组编辑、修改几个环节组成。 Not only what to write ,but also how to write. (三)重内容的写作教学模式(Content-oriented Approach) 重内容的写作教学强调写作内容的丰富性,主张通过不同渠道采集素材,以丰富其写作。三、写作教学过程 P259-261 (1)激发学生学习动机 (Creating a motivation to write) (2)头脑风暴    (Brainstorming) 学生可以自由畅想跟话题有关观点并记录下来 Think freely and put down all possibleideas relate to the topic that come to their mind. (3)思路图      (Mapping) 整理各项相关内容的关系结构organizing (4)自由写作    (Freewriting) (5)写提纲      (Outlining) (6)写初稿      (Drafting) (7)修改:自改与互改(Editing:Self-edtingand Peer-editing) (8)修订        (Revising) (9)校对        (Proofreading) (10)开会       (Conferencing) 开会是指教师和每一个学生进行私人的交流。教师与学生面对面地谈论学生的作文,指出他们的优点与缺点。四、写作教学的策略 (1)加强英语语言输入 (2)加强基础写作训练 (3)强化英语语言思维写作写前环节要考虑的因素: ①读者对象。写作练习仅仅把教师当做读者是无法激发学生写作的冲动和发表欲望的。实际上学生的写作对象除了教师还有父母、兄弟、政府等。学生在选择语言文字和语言表达方式时候,应该会针对不同的读者采用不同的表达方式和语言文字。 ②写作的格式。文章类型不同,写作格式也不相同,如议论文、说明文、记述文与应用文等。写前环节要明确写作类型与格式。 ③叙述逻辑。写前环节要明确文章的逻辑结构、布局谋篇,及如何组织材料及观点,使之成为一篇逻辑清晰、结构完整的文章。五、写作练习形式 【1】控制性写作 (Controlled Writing) 控制性写作练习指的是在语言上进行控制,包括抄写(coping)、填空(filling-in)、完成句子(completions)、句型转换(transformations)等,其答案是唯一的。练习的结果要经过仔细的核对和修改。这项活动可以由教师来操作,也可以由学生执行,也可以由师生共同完成。这些练习是培养规范写作的重要形式。 【2】指导性写作 (Guided Writing) 指导性写作实际上是写作的第二个阶段。这个阶段的练习从某种程度上来说是学生的自主创作,在内容和形式上不需要得到更多的建议。这个阶段的练习包括:1.段落写作2.摘要性写作3.基于调查问卷的写作4.应用性写作 【3】交流性写作 (Expressive Writing) 1.随意性写作2.叙述和描述细节 知识拓展:写作教学活动中连贯性训练的形式与意义  P263

您好 中学英语教师资格证考试内容为:《综合素质》+《教育知识与能力》+《英语学科知识与教学能力(初级中学/高级中学)》 可以先买相应的教材和历年真题做 先大概把书看一遍 然后就开始做真题 不会做的、做错的或者蒙对的 就对着书找答案 这样就相当于把书又看了一遍,巩固了印象 祝您考试成“公”!

第二部分 英语教学知识 第一章 外语教学基本理论 语言被语言学家定义为“人类用以交际的具有任意性的语音符号系统(a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication)”.(1)结构主义语言观TheStructural View of Language ①听说法the Audio-lingual Method ②全身反应法Total Physical Response ③ 沉默法the Silent Way(2)功能主义语言观TheFunctional View of Language ①交际法Communicative Approach ②自然法The Natural Approach(3)交互语言观TheInteractional View of Language 任务型教学法Task-based Language Teaching语言学习理论:P178 1.行为主义学习理论BehavioristTheory 学习的过程是刺激-反应-强化的过程 2.认知主义学习理论CognitiveTheory 认知主义学习理论认为学习者依赖自身的内部状态,通过对外界情况进行知觉、记忆、思维等一系列认知活动来进行学习,强调学习过程是学习者重新组织认知结构的过程。教学中的观察-发现模式就是基于认知学习理论形成的。 3.建构主义学习理论ConstructiveTheory 建构主义学习理论认为,学习是获得知识的过程,知识不是通过教师传授得到的,而是学习者在一定的情境即社会文化背景下,借助他人的帮助即通过人与人的协作活动而实现的意义建构的过程。 学习过程包括两个方面的建构: 一方面是对新信息的意义建构 另一方面又包括对原有经验的改造和重组 因此该理论认为“情境”“协作”“会话”和“意义建构”是学习环境的四大要素。第二节 外语教学法的主要流派(1)语法翻译法Grammar Translation Method 1.概念 语法翻译法提倡用母语教授外语,在教学中以翻译为基本手段,以学习语法为入门途径,强调语法在教学中的中心地位。 语法翻译法以培养学生的阅读能力为主要教学目的,强调阅读原著和名著,不注重口语。2.特点 ①教学内容。以系统的语法知识为外语教学的基础,注意语法形式的分析和语法规则的掌握。 ②教学手段。母语、外语翻译,用大量的笔头翻译和写作练习来检验语法规则的掌握情况。 ③教学方法。用母语进行教学。 3.评价 ①优点 翻译法的核心理论是利用母语,把翻译作为讲解和巩固外语的手段。它主张讲授一些语法知 ②缺点 以教师为中心向学生灌输知识,缺乏趣味性,不能发挥学生的主动性。 孤立分析和讲解语音、单词变化和语法规则,忽视了在语境中教授词汇的意义和用法。 重视语法规则,轻视听说。 大量使用母语,阻碍了外语的积极使用。(2)直接法Direct Method 1.概念 直接法通过外语本身进行会话、交谈和阅读来教外语,基本不用母语,不用翻译和形式语法。2.特点 ①学习外语和学习母语一样,都是在自然环境中习得的。 ②在外语和客观事物之间直接建立联系。不用或少用母语,尽量避免母语的干扰。 ③学习外语就是通过不断的模仿和机械练习,最后达到熟能生巧的程度。 ④不注重语法的学习,讲语法主要是通过归纳法,不用演绎法。 ⑤句子是教学的基础。只是背诵现成的句子,不求分析句子和词与词的关系。 ⑥强调语音和口语教学。外语教学从口语着手,在听说的基础上再学读写,最后达到听、说 读、写的全面发展。 3.评价 {1}优点 直接法重视语音、语调和口语教学,有利于学生听说能力的培养; 注重模仿、朗读和熟记等实践练习,有助于培养学生的语言技巧和正确的语言习惯; 重视使用直观教具,有助于吸引学生的注意力,激发他们学习外语的兴趣和积极性,帮助他们组织思维 ,加速外语与客观事物的直接联系; 重视以句子为单位的外语教学,有利于培养学生直接运用外语的能力。{2}缺点 直接法把外语学习与母语学习混为一谈,忽视了在母语环境中学习外语的客观事实,把外语学习过于简单化,完全否认了母语在学习外语中的作用;把幼儿学习母语与学生学习外语等同,忽视了不同年龄学生的认知差别;忽视了语法的作用,过分强调模仿和记忆,不能达到活学活用的目的。(3)听说法Audio-lingual Method   P180 1.概念 听说法强调口语的第一性,强调口头能力的培养。2.特点 ①听说领先 ②以句型为中心,反复操练。以模仿、重复和记忆的方式学习 ③限制母语与翻译的使用。 ④通过语言结构的对比分析,确定教学难点,安排教学顺序。 ⑤严格控制词汇量,而且通过上下文学习。 ⑥严格纠正错误,培养正确的语言习惯。答案正确立即给予强化。3.评价 {1}优点 听说法不完全排斥使用母语,一定程度上克服了直接法的片面性 它发展了一整套形成语言习惯的操练体系,并把语言技能分成听、说、读、写四个方面。 听说法是在听说训练完成后,再进行读写训练以巩固听说效果,这样可以使得学生对句型的掌握实现多、快、准确和熟练的目的,教学效果十分的显著。 {2}缺点 听说法过分强调机械训练,忽视交际能力的培养; 过分注重语言的结构形式,忽视语言的内容和意义; 过分强调听说,忽视读写,语、文分家; 该法过于注重单个词语在句子中的意义而忽视语境,只教会学生大量句型而不教给他们如何在真实的情境中使用语言,致使学生所学的语言知识不能很好地转化为技能,因而语言交际能力不强,学生缺乏学习的后劲。(4)情景法The Situational Approach P181 1.概念 情景法,又称为视听法Audio-visual Method 这种方法以情景为中心,以整体为基础,充分利用视听手段,培养学生的听说能力。2.特点 ①语言与情景相结合 ②视听感觉和听觉感觉相结合 ③整体结构感知 情景法通过一组组图像和一段段完整的对话,使语音、语调、词汇、语法在对话中被整体感知。 教学的顺序是 对话-句子-单词-单音,教学过程分为感知、理解、练习和活用四个步骤。(3)评价 {1}优点 ①情景法具有直观性、趣味性、生动性,易于激发学生的参与和学习的欲望。 ②情景在语法教学中的应用,改变了以往单纯记忆语法规则的学习方式,将枯燥的语法规则融入一定的语言情境中,使教学呈现更加真实和生动化。 ③针对性强。这种方式更有利于教师发现教学中存在的问题,及时掌握教学的效果,并对教学内容作出相应的调整,提高效率。 ④时效性强。这种教学法需要不断更新教学的内容,克服传统教学模式下内容陈旧的问题,教师必须对学生学习过程中发现的新问题进行解答,使教师所教内容的时效性更强。{2}缺点 ①学生被动接受语言材料的输入。 ②过于注重语言形式,忽视交际能力的培养。 ③过分强调目的语结构的机械训练和语音的准确性,对语义关注不足。 ④由于情景的设计常常是虚构的,因而情景中的话语并不能最大限度地满足学生语言交际的实际需要。解决该教学方法的建议: ①加大对语义的关注。教师可以在完成对话后运用归纳法帮助学生归纳语法规则,使其真正理解和运用所学知识。 ②改善情景设计的虚构特点。在虚构情景后,教师可以进一步组织同桌或小组练习,以真实情况作为背景信息,让学生运用所学句式,进行问答训练,提高实际语言交际的能力。(5)认知法Cognitive Approach P183 1.概念 其语言学基础是乔姆斯基的转换生成理论 认知法主张发挥学习者的智力作用,通过有意识地学习语音、词汇和语法知识,理解、掌握语言规则,并能从听、说、读和写四个方面地、创造性地运用语言。 2.特点 ①以学习者为中心。教师的作用是激发学生的学习动机和兴趣,指导学习者从语言实践中发现规则,并为学习者提供创造性活用规则的机会和情景。 ②注重发展学习者的语言能力。 ③主张听、说、读、写齐头并进,全面发展,反对听说领先。 ④注重理解。提倡演绎法的教学原则,强调学生理解和掌握规则,启发学生发现语言规则。讲解约占活动的20%。反对机械模仿、死记硬背,提倡有意义的练习。 ⑤ ⑥3.评价 {1}优点 认知法强调以学生为中心,培养学生的创造性思维,有利于加强对学生总体的素质教育; 主张外语学习必须理解语法规则,强调有意义的学习和有意义的训练,有利于调动学生学习的积极性,也有助于提高学生使用外语的准确度和得体性。 {2}缺点 认知法强调语言练习必须有意义,否定机械训练,但在实际教学中并不可行,特别是在初学阶段;另外,它未强调培养学生的交际能力。(6)交际法Communicative Approach  P183-185 1.概念 交际法又称为“功能法Functional Approach” “意念法Notional Approach”,它以语言功能项目为纲,培养在特定语境中运用语言进行交际的能力的一种教学法体系。2.理论基础 基于海氏理论,卡内尔和斯温(Canale & Swain )认为交际能力包括四个方面: 语法能力grammatical competence 社会语言能力sociolinguistic competence 语篇能力discourse competence 策略能力strategic competence赫奇(Hedge)则认为,交际能力包括五个组成部分: 语言能力linguistic competence 语用能力pragmatic competence 语篇能力discourse competence 策略能力strategic competence 流利性fluency3.教学原则 ①交际原则:涉及真实交际的活动促进语言学习。 ②任务原则:运用语言完成有意义的任务的活动促进语言学习。 ③有意义原则:对学习者有意义的语言促进学习的进程。4.特点 ①以培养交际能力为宗旨。 ②以语言功能为纲。根据学习者的实际需要,选取真实自然的语言材料,而不是经过加工的教科书语言。 ③教学过程交际化。 ④以话语为教学的的基本单位。 ⑤单项技能与综合性技能训练相结合。 ⑥对学习者在学习中出现的语言错误有一定的容忍度。 ⑦强调以学习者为中心。 ⑧主张采用多种教学手段 ⑨让学习者处于情景之中,身临其境的感受氛围,用外语进行交际,是交际法的精髓。5.评价 {1}优点 ①重视学生需要,以语言功能为纲安排教学内容和程序,使教学目标和目的更明确。 ②重视培养学生的交际能力,强调外语教学除了重视语言形式、结构外,更重视语言的内容、意义和功能,培养学生在一定社会环境中恰当地使用外语进行交际的能力。 {2}缺点 ①功能项目问题。如何确定功能项目,确定语言功能项目的标准是什么,不同的第二语言教学需要多少语言功能范畴,如何科学地安排功能项目的教学顺序等,这些问题都没有很好的得到解决。 ②没有处理好语法知识的教学问题。用意念功能范畴不能完全取代传统的语法知识,强调语法教学只学使用、不学用法,这实际上是行不通的;而培养语法意识又会影响交际能力。(7)自然教学法The Nature Approach P185 自然教学法是由克拉申和特瑞尔提出。自然教学法吸收了直接法、听说法、全身反应法等多种教学方法,其重点是在于创造一个与儿童学习母语相近的环境,使得学生能够自然习得,提高英语的流利程度和运用英语进行交流的能力。(8)全身反应法Total Physical Response 以“听-做”动作为主要教学组织形式 对学生的错误采取宽容的态度 评价 {1}优点 ① ② ③ ④主张以句子为教学单位,整句学、整句用,重视语言内容和意义,有利于培养学生实际运用语言进行交际的能力。 {2}缺点 ①该法只适用于语言学习的初级阶段。动作及言语都很简单,不可能单靠它学习较深的内容,必须同别的方法结合在一起使用。 ②全身反应法中包含了大量的游戏活动,角色扮演、小组竞赛等,如果没有好的课堂教学管理模式,再好的教学方法,再丰富的教学活动,也难以取得预期的效果。(9)任务型教学法Task-based Language Teaching P187 1.概念 任务型教学法以任务组织教学,在任务的履行中,以参与、体验、互动、交流、合作的学习方式,充分发挥学习者自身的认知能力,调动他们已有的目的语资源,在实践中感知、认识、应用目的语,在“干”中”用“中学。这体现了先进的教学理念,是一种值得推广的有效的外语教学方法。任务的基本要素 ①目的purpose ②语境context ③过程process ④结果product任务与练习VS ①任务具有目的性,一是人物本身所包含的非教学目的,二是任务设计者所期望任务参与者达到的教学目的。而练习通常只有教学目的。 ②任务通常会产生非语言性结果,而练习总产生语言性结果。 ③任务具有开放性 ④任务具有交际性或互动性,传统英语教学方法与任务型教学方法的不同VS 传统的英语教学多使用3P教学模式,即教师先呈现新知识Presentation,学生操练巩固所学知识Practice,最后学生运用所学知识进行交际表达Production。而任务型教学法是教师首先提出任务,学生执行、完成任务,最后由学生展示任务。二者不同之处主要表现在以下几个方面: ①教学目的不一样。传统教学方法注重语言知识的传授,强调培养学生的读写技能,而任务型的教学法重视学生的情感因素,强调通过任务来实现对语言的认识和感知。它不仅要求培养听、说、读、写等多种语言技能,更强调发展英语的综合运用能力。 ②课堂情境不一样。传统教学方法通常是没有情境的语言学习,学生难以将所学的知识应用到生活中去。而任务型的教学法强调情境的真实性,设置的情境贴近学生的生活,鼓励学生在真实的情境中表达自己的真实情感,从而使各项语言技能在交际中得到综合提高。 ③课堂活动不同。传统教学中的各项活动均是练习某个语言项目的。教师先讲解词汇、语法规则,然后由学生进行机械性训练,教师活动在整个教学过程中较为突出。而任务型教学法的重点在于信息沟通,而不是语言形式。教学中常常是由学生先执行任务,任务结束后才由教师进行归纳性总结,课堂上学生们的活动较为突出。 ④评价方式不一样。传统型教学法注重考查学生的注意力,把语言知识考核的成绩作为衡量学生英语水平的主要依据。为了让学生掌握正规的语言知识和形成良好的英语习惯,对学生的错误是有错必纠,导致学生不能积极地参与课堂的语言交流活动,从而影响了学习的效果。相反,任务型教学法更注重语意的传达,对学生出现的语言错误采取宽容的态度,并寻找合适的机会给予纠正,鼓励学生大胆的运用语言表情达意,让学生在运用语言的过程中体验成功,获得自信。任务的设计 {1}任务的特点 ①任务是学习者利用其语言资源所做的或完成的事情。 ②任务要有明确定义的交际性结果。 ③任务参与者首要关注的是语言意义,而不是语言形式。 ④任务涉及和真实世界里一样的语言运用过程。{2}任务类型 纽南Nunan 把任务分为真实性任务Real-world task 和教育性任务Pedagogic task理查兹Richards 把任务分为 ①拼图任务Jigsaw task ②信息沟任务Information-gap task ③解决问题任务Problem-solving task ④决策任务Decision-making task ⑤交流意见任务Opinion exchange task威利斯Willis 分类 ①列举型任务 ②排序和分类型任务 ③比较型任务 ④解决问题型任务 ⑤分享个人经验型任务 ⑥项目型任务任务型课堂教学地步骤:任务前Pre-task任务环Task-cycle ①任务Task 学生结对或分组执行任务,教师在一旁协助。教师可以设计数个微型任务活动、构成活动链,由浅入深,循序渐进地要求学生以个人或小组的形式来完成任务。 ②计划Planning 各组学生准备如何向全班报告任务完成情况。 ③报告Reporting 由学生报告任务完成情况。 语言聚焦Language focus ①分析:学生分析其他组执行任务的情况 ②操练:学生在教师的指导下练习语言的难点,巩固和掌握前阶段所运用的语言的某些特征。5.评价 {1}优点 ①完成多种多样的语言活动,有助于激发学生的学习兴趣。 ②在完成任务过程中,把语言知识与语言技能结合起来,有助于培养学生的综合语言运用能力。 ③促进学生积极参与语言交流活动,启发想象力和创造性思维,有利于发挥学生主体性作用。 ④在任务型教学活动中有大量的小组或双人活动,每个人都有自己的任务完成,这样可以更好地向全体学生进行教学。 ⑤活动内容涉及面广、信息量大,有助于拓宽学生的知识面。 ⑥在活动中学习知识,培养人际交往、思考、决策和应变的能力,有利于学生全面发展。 ⑦在任务型教学活动中,每个学生都有独立思考、积极参与的机会,易于保持学习的积极性,养成良好的学习习惯。 {2}缺点 ①在同一功能语言项目的教学中,容易同时出现不同难易程度的语言结构,往往给学生带来困难。 ②不强调随时纠正错误,不利于培养学生使用语言的准确性。(10)多元智能教学法Multiple Intelligences Approach 该理论认为每个人同时拥有八种智能,但每个人各项智能的发展却表现出不同的优势或优势组合,如果给予恰当的教育,每个人都能发挥出自己的智能优势或优势组合,同时带动其它智能同步发展, ①言语-语言智能Verbal-linguisticIntelligence ②逻辑-数学智能Logical-mathematicalIntelligence ③视觉-空间智能Visual-spatialIntelligence ④音乐-节奏智能Musical-rhythmicIntelligence ⑤身体-运动智能Bodily-kinestheticIntelligence ⑥人际-交往智能Interpersonal-socialIntelligence ⑦内省智能Intrapersonal-introspectiveIntelligence ⑧自然认知智能Naturalist Intelligence教师可以将该理论用于两个方面: 第一,可以利用多元理论来发掘优秀学生,进而为他们提供合适的发展机会,使他们茁壮成长。 第二,可以利用多元智能理论来帮助有问题的学生,让其采取更为合适的方法去学习。多元智能教学法“以学生为中心”,提倡任务型教学,教会学生发现和运用自己八项智能中的优势或优势组合来学习英语,确保学习的最佳兴奋点和最优学习效果。

高中英语教师资格证试题英语

给你一份说课和讲课的范例。参考一下Module 1 Unit 2 Heroes Lesson 1 Modern Heroes说课教案(一) 教学内容1. 本课是Unit 2 heroes Lesson 1 Modern Heroes 的第一课时。本单元分别介绍了National hero, History makers,Sports stars 和 Superhero。这几篇文章的主题都是hero,但涉及的领域不同,它们融会贯通,承上启下,融为一体。2. 本课是介绍National Hero,是学生比较熟悉和感兴趣的话题,前部分需要介绍杨利伟和神州五号,让学生掌握有关词汇;后一部分是介绍杨利伟乘坐神州五号宇宙飞船遨游太空的情况。3. 本课文出现了较多的定语从句,还有生词较多(有些单词表没有而初中又没有学过),在这样的困难前提下,我引导学生通过 culture and background knowledge,结合课本内容丰富自己的知识面,拓宽学生对航天知识的了解,让学生了解航天英雄的成功之路,激发他们的民族自豪感。(二) 学生分析1. 组成情况职业高中高一学生年龄都在14-16岁之间,大多数学生由于初中的知识基础打得不扎实,而且缺乏主动学习的能动性,自学能力差,对学习没有持有探究性和方向性,也没有养成良好英语学习习惯,所以学习成绩不太理想。2. 学生的知识与技能水平职业高中招生的学生,基础知识比较薄弱,甚至连音标都不会读,词汇的掌握范围狭窄,影响了阅读,听力和作文。学生的表达能力还是停留在比较低级的水平,面对每幅图片或某个主题只能说出一两句话,而且在阅读上,未能掌握泛读和精读的技巧和方法,课后的预习和复习能力较差,缺乏总结归纳的能力。3. 学生已掌握的学习策略尽管学生的知识和技能水平一般,但经过了一定时间的训练后,他们还是掌握了pair work, group work, using the culture and background knowledge的阅读技巧。(三) 教学目标1. 通过快速阅读文章,学生能够对每段文章进行归纳总结,准确地把段落主题与所给的headings联系起来。2. 通过仔细阅读,学生能够回答关于文章的细节问题。3. 通过进一步阅读,学生能够学生能用英语对采访自己心目中的民族英雄。并尝试复述课文。(四) 教学策略教学方法:使用交际法,充分调动学生的积极性,积极参与到课堂教学中,通过师生互动,小组表演的形式,完成各种任务,以达到完成教学任务的途径。(五) 教学过程第一步 导入T: Good morning, Everyone! Do you like watching movies? Do you know Jet Lee (李连杰)?Do you know one of his famous movie called HERO? What does ‘hero’ mean? Who are the heroes in your heart? Do you know Yan Liwei, our national hero?第二步 介绍文章人物T: Open your books, and turn to page 100 and 101. Let’s read two passages about Shenzhou V and Yang Liwei.Shenzhou V is China’s first manned spaceship. It lifted off at 9 a.m. on Wednesday, October 15th, 2003 in Jiuquan, Gansu Province. It was carrying Yang Liwei. It was launched very successfully and landed in Inner Mongolia safely.Yang Liwei is China’s first astronaut. He was a pilot in the army. He was chosen from 1,500 other army pilots and started training for his space flight in 1998. During the 21-hour space flight, he circled the earth 14 times. When the spaceship was doing its seventh circle, Yang Liwei showed the flags of China and the United Nations, expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully.介绍文章时,展示文章中的生词,让学生猜测词意,带读并加以巩固。第三步 阅读文章(1) Fast Reading呈现六个headings,让学生快速阅读,要求归纳每段的主题。a. Astronaut lands safelyb. Welcome homec. International good wishedd. An exciting lift-offe. Introdutionf. During the flight学生单个回答并集体讨论改正错误。(2) Careful Reading学生通过fast reading,完成了headings后,基本对课文有一定的了解,然后呈现出五道问题,要求学生再进行第二次阅读,对课文进行更深入的了解。1. How did Yang Liwei feel duing the flight? How did he feel afterwards?2. What did Yang Liwei do during the Shenzhou V’s seventh circle of the earth?3. How many circles did the spaceship complete while Yang Liwei was sleeping?4. What were helicopters doing as Yang Liwei returned to the earth’s atmosphere?5. What did Yang Liwei do when he came out of the spaceship?第四步 巩固练习通过两次阅读让学生对课文熟悉,训练学生的阅读速度和解题技巧,最后通过ask and answer in pairs,培养学生的口语能力,并强迫他们记住文章的主要内容,为下一步语言运用打下基础。第五步 语言运用为提高学生对生活中的热点问题发表自己观点的能力,让学生运用自己学过的语言知识,对自己心目中的民族英雄进行模拟采访。把全班同学分成若干个小组,每个小组有一名同学扮演“杨利伟”,其他同学为全国各地新闻媒体记者,他们自由设计问题,对“杨利伟”进行采访。教师巡视课堂,发现表现出色的小组,让他们到台前表演。教师总结评价。第六步 布置作业让学生准备复述杨利伟的故事,要求说出自己的民族自豪感。A Teaching Plan for Unit 3 Celebration Lesson 1 FestivalsHUANG SHUI PING General objectives:1.To read to learn the main Chinese seasonal festivals and their history origin and meanings.2.To help them learn some phrasal verbs and functional items about the topic and try to use them.Language aim:1.Phrases:Be celebrated by, fall on , mark, be decorated with, tradition/traditional, serve, take part in, get together2.important sentences:The Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated by Chinese people.The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. It marks the beginning of the hottest season of the year.Ability aim:1).Improving the ability of getting the general information and specific information from reading a text.2). Using own words to describe some important Chinese festivals.Emotion aim:To promote students’ qualities of a patriotism(爱国主义精神,爱国心) by learning the main Chinese festivals and learn their history origin and their meanings。Teaching important points and difficult points:1).To get information from reading2).To talk about festivals freely in English. Teaching methods:Brainstorming, task-based teaching method , heuristic teaching method , group work.Teaching aids:a recorder, a computer, and blackboardTeaching procedures:Step1. Greeting and reviewing.Greet the class as usual.Ask: what we can celebrate in our life? Get students to answer using the key words in warming up. eg, Graduation, a birthday, Christmas, passing an exam, winning a scholarship, a sporting victory, the Mid-Autumn Festival, the New Year, a wedding, Halloween, the Dragon Boat FestivalStep2. Leading-in.Show students many pictures of different seasons on the screen , asking: What’s your favourite season? Why? Help students answer using the words that they have already learned. Then ask: What festivals happen during your favourite seasons? Show more pictures about different festivals on the screen to help them to answer. Students can work together to answer this question. Eg,T:What is your favorite season? What festivals happen during your favorite season? ( have a discussion)(S1: I liker summer. There are Children’s Day, Dragon-boat Festival and Mother’s Day.S2: My favorite season is winter. They are Spring Festival and Lantern Festival and Christmas Day.S3: ……T:Well done. Thank you.Explain the differences between Day and Festival.Step3.While-readingActivity1.Fast-reading Get students to read the text quickly, match the pictures with the festivals.Activity2. Guessing.Show some describing sentences on the screen to let students read and guess the names of the three festivals .Activity3. Careful-readingThis time let students read the text carefully and get more detailed information to fill in the table of exercise3 on page36.Ask some students to report their answers to the class.Step4. PracticePlay the tape for the students to listen and ask them to fill in the blanks according the text.1.The Mid-Autumn Festival happens in September or______. it is important because it is a special _____ for family.2. There are many different kinds of mooncakes ____ fruit, coffee, chocolate and so on.3. The ____ ____ Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar year. 4.The Dragon boat race marks the _____ of the hottest season of the year.5.________Festival marks the end of the Chinese New Year celebration. Step5. Post-reading.Let students discuss with a partner and answer the following question.Which festival in China is most important for children? Young people? Old people? Women and men?Then ask some students to give a report.Step6. Homework.1. do the exercise 9 on Page 372. remember the new words in Lesson One.3. use your own words to describe a festival that you are familiar with.Step7. Blackboard design. Lesson 1 FestivalsThe Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated by Chinese people.The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. It marks the beginning of the hottest season of the year.

2020下高中英语 教师资格证 面试试题及答案【1月9日上午】

【来源于网络】

高中英语 词汇

一、考题回顾

二、考题解析

【教案】

A Couch Potato

Teaching aims

Students will be able to comprehend the passage and list the main character’s daily activity using timeline.

Students can be able to master the pronunciation, spelling, meaning and usage of the three underlined words.

Students will be able to use the words in their daily communications.

Students will be able to cultivate the awareness of having a healthy lifestyle.

Key and difficult points

Key point

To understand the passage and master the underlined words.

Difficult point

To apply the words in daily use accurately and learn to improve their lifestyle.

Teaching procedures

Step 1: Warming-up

1. Greetings.

2. Have students describe what their perfect day will be like and what they will do. Invite some volunteers to share their perfect days. Have others decide whether the lifestyles are healthy. Tell students Brian is telling us about his perfect day as a couch potato. Lead into the topic and ask them to guess what a couch potato is according to the context.

Step 2: Presentation

1. Have students read the article quickly and share their understanding of couch potato (a person who takes little exercise and watches a lot of television).

2. Read the passage again and complete the timeline on the screen in 5mins. Check the answers together.

3. Have students guess the meaning of the three underlined words. The teacher makes a summary and adds more information about these words.

a. “Immediate” means at once or soon, and its adverb is “immediately”.

b. “downstairs” means to the floor lower than the one you are on, and its antonym is “upstairs”.

c. “Living room” means a room in a house where people sit together and watch television. Besides, in dining room, people have meals, and in bathroom, people take a shower.

Step 3: Practice

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box. Encourage students to share their answers and have other students to review them.

1. Our troops immediately returned the fire.

2. Wait downstairs in the hall.

3. You have my room and I'll bed down in the living room.

4. He carried the plate through to the dining room.

5. Our immediate concern is to help the families of those who died.

Step 4: Production

Tell students that Brian is determined to a have healthy lifestyle, and invite them to design a timetable for him. 5 minutes are given for discussion. They are encouraged to use the vocabulary learned as much as possible. Then invite some groups to share.

Step 5: Summary and Homework

Summary: wrap up today’s lesson and remind them to exercise regularly, eat healthily, reduce stress and drink plenty of water.

Homework: ask students to observe their mother’s or father’s lifestyles. Describe them to group members next class and share their opinions on how to improve them.

Blackboard design

Teaching reflection

【答辩题目解析】

1.请做一个简单的自我介绍。

1. Please introduce yourself briefly.

【参考答案】

各位老师好,我来自XX。我在2019年完成了XX学院的文学学士学位,在学校主修英语翻译。大学期间,我从事过兼职英语教学,曾经在培训机构当英语教师,也在农村学校做过支教教师。学生们非常喜欢我的课,这激发了我对教学工作的热爱,也使我立志成为一名老师。

我喜欢在闲暇时间看书,喜欢读各种各样的书,包括教育、文学、医学等。我最喜欢的书是罗恩·克拉克写的《罗恩老师的奇迹教育》。这本书用各种真实的教学实例来说明教师应该对学生有很高的期望,从而使学生取得巨大的进步。这本书在我的兼职教学经历中给了我很大的启发,对我今后的教学也有一定的指导意义。

在我的业余时间,我也喜欢做一些运动,如慢跑,瑜伽,和我的朋友打羽毛球。

我的教育背景和工作经验让我具备了作为一名教师的基本条件。我期待着探索新的领域,提高自己的技能。

【Suggested version】

Hi, I am from XX. I completed my Bachelor of Arts degree from XX College, in 2019. I majored in English translation. During college, I engaged in part-time English teaching, being an English teacher at a training institution and a volunteer teacher at a rural school. The students like my classes very much, which stimulates my love for education and make me aspire to be an educator.

I like reading during my leisure time. I like reading different kinds of books, covering education, literature, medicine, etc. My favorite book is The End of Molasses Classes authored by Ron Clark. This book is very attractive with various authentic teaching examples to illustrate that teachers should have high expectations of students, thereby students can make astonishing progress. This book has inspired me a lot during my teaching part-time experience, and will guide me in teaching in the future.

In my spare time, I also like doing some sports, such as jogging, yoga, and playing badminton with my friends.

My qualifications and work experience make me a suitable candidate to be a teacher. I am looking forward to exploring new dimensions for the further development of my skills.

2.谈谈怎么激发学生学习英语的动机?

2. Do you have any ways to motivate students to learn English?

【参考答案】

作为一名老师,最艰巨的任务之一就是用正确的方式激励学生。我想和大家分享我的想法。

首先,激发学生内在动机的一种有效方式是让课堂交际性更强。小组活动和翻转课堂都是常用的增强课程交际性的好方法。

第二,让课堂变得有趣是提高内在动机水平的可靠途径。我们可以尝试以下策略,比如学生们喜欢电影、杂志和流行音乐,我们可以把流行文化引入课堂,利用它们作为听力、阅读材料或进行词汇学习;或者在课堂上和学生玩游戏,游戏是教授词汇和使用语法结构的非常有效的方法。

除此之外,给予及时的反馈很重要,比如恭维和鼓励,以及批评。教师也不一定是反馈的唯一来源,我们可以鼓励同伴反馈和自我评价。

当我们成功地激发了学生的内在学习动机时,即使他们离开了校园,也能帮助他们获得成功。

【Suggested version】

One of the toughest tasks a teacher can have is to motivate students in the right way. I'd like to share my ideas.

Firstly, one way to encourage students’ intrinsic motivation is to make class communicative. Group activities and a flipped class are both great ways to attain the goal.

Secondly, making class fun is a surefire way to raise intrinsic motivation levels. Here are some strategies we can try: first is to invite pop culture into class, since students love movies, magazines and pop music. We could use them in class for listening activities, reading activities or to learn new vocabulary. The second way is to play games with students. They’re highly effective ways to teach vocabulary and practise grammatical structures.

What’s more, it’s important to give positive feedback, like compliments and encouragement, as well as criticism. Teachers don’t have to be the only source of feedback for students. We can encourage peer feedback and self-evaluation.

After teachers successfully inspire the motivation of students, we set them up for success even after they leave classrooms.

2020下高中英语教师资格证面试试题及答案【1月9日下午】

【来源于网络】

高中英语 词汇

一、考题回顾

二、考题解析

【教案】

Earthquakes

Teaching aims

Students can learn the meaning and usage of some phrases including “at an end”, “in ruins” and “cut across”.

Students will be able to infer the meaning of the target phrases according to the context.

Students will learn to use these phrases in their oral practice.

Students will cherish their lives and their families and also learn how to protect themselves when earthquakes happen.

Key and difficult points

Key point

To grasp the meaning and usage of phrases including “at an end”, “in ruins” and “cut across” and learn how to use them while speaking.

Difficult point

To cherish their lives and families and learns the ways of protecting themselves when earthquakes happen.

Teaching procedures

Step 1: Warming-up

1. Greetings.

2. Sing a song called Heal the World and ask students how they feel. The song goes like this:

Heal the world Make it a better place

For you and for me and the entire human race

There are people dying

If you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

Ask students to answer the question. They may say they are in sorrow. Then tell them that this song is composed by Michael Jackson to call for life cherish and they will have a deep understanding of this song after today’s lesson. Then lead into the topic.

Step 2: Presentation

1. Ask students to read through the passage and get the main idea of the passage.

2. Then read the passage for them and ask them to find out some new phrases. Invite one to write down on the blackboard including “at an end”, “cut across” and “in ruins”.

3. Ask students to guess the meanings of those phrases according to the context. Then explain them. For example, “cut across” meaning travel across or pass over. In the passage, we can see that a huge crack pass over houses, roads and canals. While for “in ruins”, it means damage according to the word “terrible”.

4. Emphasize that “at the end” and “in ruins” are prepositional phrases while “cut across” is verb phrase and ask them to pay attention to the function of them in sentences.

Step 3: Practice

1. Show some pictures and ask students to make sentences using the phrases we’ve learned to describe them. Some students will be invited to show their sentences.

2. Show the documentary of the Wenchuan Earthquake and ask students to describe what happened in the video using the phrases we’ve learned in the passage in groups of 4 in 5 minutes. Then, ask someone to share their answers. They may make sentences like “The severe shake of the mountains caused a huge crack cutting across the city”, “The village was in ruins after the earthquake”, etc. Then give positive feedback

Step 4: Production

Invite students to be a journalist at that time when the earthquake was happening and report what was happening. They may refer to the passage and take advantage of those phrases. And they will work in groups of 4 for 7 minutes. Then ask 2 representatives to deliver the report in front of the class. They may give a real-time report of how the earthquake happened and what the rescuers are doing.

Step 5: Summary and Homework

Summary: invite a student to be an assistant teacher and summarize today’s lesson. Then ask students to cherish their lives and love their families since life is fragile.

Homework: ask students to search for ways of protecting themselves when earthquakes happen.

Blackboard design

Teaching reflection

【答辩题目解析】

1.如果你上课提问,没有学生回答,你怎么办?

1. What should you do if no one answers your question in your class?

【参考答案】

上课提问没有学生回答是一件很正常的事情。原因可能是学生比较害羞、或者我的引导方式有误、或者是我的课堂氛围不够活泼,学生没有兴趣所致。我将会从以下几个方面进行调整:

首先,如果是由于学生比较害羞,不敢回答问题,我将会不断地在言语上鼓励他进行回答,适当的时候给予奖励。

其次,如果是因为我的引导方式有误,我将会调整我的询问方式,例如,改变“是不是”类的问题为“为什么这样”、“你们是如何想的”、“你有什么看法吗”等方式来进行提问,采用启发式教学的模式。

最后,如果是由于我的课堂氛围太过枯燥,学生不感兴趣,我将会设计不同的活动形式,以及加入竞争机制,来充分调动学生的积极性和主观能动性。比如我在这节课中让学生以记者实时报道的形式来学习词汇短语,这样可以提高学生的兴趣。

通过以上措施,我相信学生会逐渐乐于回答我的问题。

【Suggested version】

It is normal for students not to answer questions in class. The reason may be that the students are shy, I did not give guidance properly, or my class atmosphere is not lively enough, so the students are not interested. I will make adjustments from the following aspects:

First of all, if the student is shy and dare not answer questions, I will encourage him to answer verbally, and reward him when appropriate.

Secondly, if it is because I did not give guidance properly, I will the way I ask questions. For example, I can change the “is it right” type of question to “why in this case”, “how do you think”, or “do you have any other opinions”. In this way, heuristic teaching mode is utilized.

Finally, if it is because the class atmosphere is too boring and students are not interested, I will design different activities and make competition to fully mobilize students’ enthusiasm. For example, in this class, I let students learn phrases with real-time reports by journalists, which can increase students’ interest.

With the above measures, I believe students will love to answer my questions gradually.

2.刚才的词汇课你用了什么操练的方法?

2. What kind of approach did you use in the course of vocabulary just now?

【参考答案】

在本节词汇课中,我采取了由机械型练习到意义型练习的方法,让学生逐步掌握词汇的音形意。

首先,我让学生运用所学词汇造句来描述图片,进行浅层次的练习,掌握词汇的基本含义及使用。

其次,我让学生观看汶川大地震的视频,讲述所发生的事件。他们可以参考文章及短语的表达,进行深层次的词汇练习。在这个环节,学生可以通过口语的形式加深印象,进一步掌握这些词汇短语的用法。

【Suggested version】

In this vocabulary class, I adopted the practicing methods from mechanical exercises to meaningful ones, so that students can gradually master the sound, form and meaning of vocabulary.

First of all, I let students use the vocabulary they have learned to make sentences to describe pictures to perform easy exercises and master the basic meaning and usage of vocabulary.

Secondly, I asked students to watch a video of the Wenchuan Earthquake and tell the story of what happened. They can refer to the expressions and phrases in the passage for in-depth exercises. In this session, students can deepen their impressions on the vocabulary through oral English practice and further master their usage of these phrases.

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