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0600自考高级英语下册翻译

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0600自考高级英语下册翻译

英语(本科、专科)专业简介专业代码:050201(本科) 050207(专科)一、考试课程及学分层次 序号 课程代码 课程名称 学分 备注 必考 选考 专科段 1 3706 思想道德修养与法律基础 2 2 3707 毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想概论 4 3 4729 大学语文 4 4 0794 综合英语(一) 10 5 0795 综合英语(二) 10 6 0593 听力 8 实践分8分 7 0594 口语 8 实践分8分 8 0595 英语阅读(一) 6 9 0596 英语阅读(二) 6 10 0597 英语写作基础 4 11 0522 英语国家概况 4 总学分 66 本科段 1 3708 中国近现代史纲要 2 2 3709 马克思主义基本原理概论 4 3 0840 第二外语(日语) 6 选考一门 0841 第二外语(法语) 6 0842 第二外语(德语) 6 4 0600 高级英语 12 5 0087 英语翻译 6 6 0602 口译与听力 6 实践6学分 7 0603 英语写作 4 8 0604 英美文学选读 6 1 0830 现代语言学 4 本科段选考课程任选3门,专科段已考“英语语法”的本科段不能再选考。 2 083。1 英语语法 4 3 0832 英语词汇学 4 4 0833 外语教学法 4 5 0094 外贸函电 4 6 0836 英语科技文选 4 必做 6999 毕业论文 不计学分 总学分 58 二、学习书目1.思想道德修养与法律基础《思想道德修养与法律基础》,刘瑞复,李毅红,高等教育出版社,2008年版2.毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想概论 《毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想概论》,钱淦荣、罗正楷主编,北京大学出版社(2008版)。3.大学语文 《大学语文》徐中玉,陶型传主编,华东师范大学出版(2006版)。4.综合英语(一)《综合英语(一)》(上、下册),徐克容主编,外语教学与研究出版社。5.综合英语(二)《综合英语(二)》(上、下册),徐克容主编,外语教学与研究出版社。 6.听力《听力》(上、下册),何其莘主编,外语教学与研究出版社。7.口语 《英语口语教程》,吴祯福主编,外语教学与研究出版社。8.英语阅读(一) 《英语阅读(一)》,俞洪亮主编,高等教育出版社(2006版)。9.英语阅读(二) 《英语阅读(二)》白永权主编,高等教育出版社(2005版)。10.英语写作基础《英语写作基础》。杨俊峰主编,辽宁大学出版社。11.英语国家概况《英语国家概况》余志远主编,外语教学与研究出版社(2005版)。12.中国近现代史纲要《中国近现代史纲要》,王顺生、李捷主编,高等教育出版社(2008版)。13.马克思主义基本原理概论 《马克思主义基本原理概论》,卫兴华、赵家祥主编,北京大学出版社(2008版)。14.第二外语(德、法、日)(1)德语《德语速成》(修订本)(上、下册),肖佩玲、张人杰等编者,外语教学与研究出版社。(2)法语《公共法语》(上、下册),吴贤良,王美华主编,上海外语教育出版社。(3)日语《中日交流标准日本语》(初级)(上、下册),中央广播电视台教学节目用书,人民教育出版社(2005年4月一版)。15.高级英语 《高级英语》(上、下册),王家湘,张中载主编,外语教学与研究出版社。16.英语翻译 《英语翻译》,庄绎传主编,外语教学与研究出版社。17.口译与听力 《口译教程》,梅德明主编,上海外语教育出版社。《英语中级听力(学生用书)》,何其莘、金利民等编,外语教学与研究出版社。18.英语写作《英语写作》,杨俊峰主编,辽宁大学出版社。19.英美文学选读《英美文学选读》,张伯香主编,外语教学与研究出版社。20.现代语言学《现代语言学》,何兆熊,梅德明主编,外语教学与研究出版社。21.英语语法《英语语法》,李基安主编,外语教学与研究出版社。22.英语词汇学《英语词汇学》,张维友主编,外语教学与研究出版社。23.外语教学法《外语教学法》,舒白梅、陈偌林主编,高等教育出版社。24.外贸函电《外贸函电》,方春祥主编,中国人民大学出版社。25.英语科技文选《英语科技文选》李碧嘉主编,高等教育出版社。

今天教务老师给大家收集整理了自考本科高级英语教材,自考本科高级英语相当于英语几级的相关问题解答,还有免费的自考历年真题及自考复习重点资料下载哦,以下是全国我们为自考生们整理的一些回答,希望对你考试有帮助!09年十月的 自考 英语教育(独立本科段) 科目与指定书籍2009年下半年河北省高等教育自学考试课程与时间安排表050206英语教育(独立本科段)的考试时间10月24日上午0600高级英语7681教育政策与法规6763素质教育概论10月24日下午0795综合英语(二)0830现代语言学6764新课程背景下的教学策略10月25日上午0833外语教学法3708中国近现代史纲要10月25日下午0603英语写作3709马克思主义基本原理概论英语教育专业的开考科目:考试科目马克思主义政治经济学原理毛泽东思想概论素质教育概论第二外语第二外语第二外语高级英语英语写作翻译口译与听力英美文学选读英语科技文选现代语言学外语教学法听力口语综合英语毕业论文及答辩这些书你可以到石家庄的红旗大街河北省教育考试院图书超市去买,那里所有的自考书籍都有。从火车站你坐107直达河北省教育考试院站下车就可以了。英语专业自考本科段教材专业代码:01C1502专业名称:英语课程代码课程名称教材名称出版社版本作者00087英语翻译英汉翻译教程外语教学与研究出版社1999年版庄绎传00600高级英语高级英语外语教学与研究出版社2000年版王家湘张中载00603英语写作英语写作辽宁大学出版社1999年版杨俊峰00604英美文学选读英美文学选读外语教学与研究出版社1999年版张伯香00795综合英语综合英语外语教学与研究出版社2000年版徐克容00831英语语法现代英语语法外语教学与研究出版社2000年版李基安00832英语词汇学英语词汇学外语教学与研究出版社1999年版张维友00839第二外语大学俄语简明教程高等教育出版社1995年版张宝岑钱晓惠00840第二外语初级日语\初级日语教与学北京大学出版社2006年版\2007年版赵华敏00841第二外语简明法语教程商务印书馆1990/1年版孙辉00842第二外语新编大学德语外语教学与研究出版社2002年版朱建华03708中国近现代史纲要中国近现代史纲要2008年版王顺生李捷03709马克思主义基本原理概论马克思主义基本原理概论2008年版卫兴华赵家祥10014水平考试水平考试自学辅导航空工业出版社2006年版余志远10015水平考试英语听力上、下册外语教学与研究出版社1999年版何其莘王敏金利民夏玉和10016水平考试英语口语自学教程外语教学与研究出版社95年版96年版余志远10017欧洲文化入门欧洲文化入门外语教学与研究出版社1992年版王佐良祝珏李品伟高厚10064口译与听力现代汉译英口译教程外语教学与研究出版社2004年版吴冰10065口译与听力英语高级听力外语教学与研究出版社1992年版何其莘王敏金利民俞涓高级财务会计应如何复习?自考本科,高级财务会计应如何复习?高级财务会计最重要的是所得税会计,企业合并会计。这2部分内容有一点深度和难度,需要多化时间来掌握。建议重点安排时间把这2部分吃透。学好了这两部分,不仅考自考有好处。对以后考cpa也是有好处的,不管是自考还是考研还是会计师考试还是cpa考试,企业合并肯定是必考大题!学好企业合并,需要充分掌握长期股权投资,合并日会计处理,资产负债表日会计处理,抵消分录等等。另外的章节,如衍生金融,外汇,租赁,通货膨胀会计也应适当关注,理解掌握。破产清算会计考的可能较小,毕竟都不喜欢破产吧,呵呵。个月时间,把书看懂,重在理解,理解了原理,分录什么的自然会了。在理解的基础上适当练习吧祝你考试成功自考英语本科中的《高级英语》比较难,该怎样复习才能通过考试呀?自?高级英语在英语本科中不是很难的,关键是要多看书,一般应该看3遍。有很多题目是书上的东西,没有什么窍门,只有去看透教材。另外,不要把希望寄托在一些复习材料上,北大燕园什么的用处都不大。以前的真题应该做一遍。当然,你参加英语自考,应该有很好的英语基础,我就不多说怎样学习英语了,呵呵。自考/成考有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚当地自考/成考政策,点击底部咨询官网老师,免费领取复习资料:

专业码:D050201 学历层次:本科·本科段 主考学校:四川大学课 码 序 号 课程名称 学 分 备 注 必考 选考 加考 3708 1 中国近现代史纲要 2 3709 2 马克思主义基本原理概论 4 0841 3 法语 6 任选一科 0839 俄语 0840 日语 0842 德语 0600 4 高级英语 12 0087 5 英语翻译 6 0602 6 口译与听力 6 0603 7 英语写作 4 0604 8 英美文学选读 6 0000 9 毕业论文 不计学分 0831 1 英语语法 4 考生任选考三科 0832 2 英语词汇学 4 0833 3 外语教学法 4 5844 4 国际商务英语 6 0836 5 英语科技文选 4 0795 1 综合英语(二) 10 非英语专业专科毕业生加考课程。 0593 2 听力 8 0594 3 口语 8 总 计 58学分以上

高级英语上册就是你在考试表上看到的“一”,高级英语下册就是你在考试表上看到的“二”,高级英语这门课程是分两次考的,正像你说的那样高级英语考试是第一次考上,第二次考下的,不用两本书一起复习。

自考高级英语下册翻译0600

0600高级英语教材是分上下册的。一考通的辅导是上下册一起出在一本辅导的,不够详尽。燕园是分开的。自考通也是分开上下册的。但是自考通试卷赠送串讲小本,燕园没有的。自考通的辅导每一课都是名师讲解归纳重点,然后是每一课的历年真题精选讲解,再之后是每一课的课后练习,还有复习思考题详解。答案标明在哪一页。试卷是历年考题加上预测模拟试题。试卷命中率特高。试卷还赠送串讲小本密押题。本科了应该下重点本钱了,建议辅导和试卷一起买吧,祝你早日拿到学士位哦。 我也是自考生!多多交流,共同进步!

如果没有学过专业课,语言学和教学法还是有一定难度,剩余的都是考的基本,所以如果报两门,建议考翻译,泛读和写作吧

是一样的,造成这个现象的原因是:自考课程代码,最初是按4位数来的,经过几年后,才改进为5位的,原4位的前面+“0”。由于自考教材、印刷物更新比较慢,基本要好几年才会改版,这样就造成你所看到的现象:课程代码已经是5位数了,比如00600,而教材封面上,或是其他印刷物上还是4位数的0600。只说明该教材版本或印刷物比较老了,但不影响学习考试,其内容是一样的。不一样只是多方数据更新周期不一致造成的。

一样的,只是有些地方把前面的0省略了

自考高级英语下册翻译0600题

0600高级英语教材是分上下册的。一考通的辅导是上下册一起出在一本辅导的,不够详尽。燕园是分开的。自考通也是分开上下册的。但是自考通试卷赠送串讲小本,燕园没有的。自考通的辅导每一课都是名师讲解归纳重点,然后是每一课的历年真题精选讲解,再之后是每一课的课后练习,还有复习思考题详解。答案标明在哪一页。试卷是历年考题加上预测模拟试题。试卷命中率特高。试卷还赠送串讲小本密押题。本科了应该下重点本钱了,建议辅导和试卷一起买吧,祝你早日拿到学士位哦。 我也是自考生!多多交流,共同进步!

2009年下半年河北省高等教育自学考试课程与时间安排表 050206 英语教育(独立本科段) 的考试时间10月24日上午0600 高级英语 7681 教育政策与法规 6763 素质教育概论 10月24日下午0795 综合英语(二) 0830 现代语言学 6764 新课程背景下的教学策略 10月25日上午0833 外语教学法 3708 中国近现代史纲要 10月25日下午0603 英语写作 3709 马克思主义基本原理概论 英语教育专业(独立本科段)的开考科目: 考试科目(科目代码) 参考书籍 马克思主义政治经济学原理(0005) 毛泽东思想概论(0004) 素质教育概论(8193) 第二外语(日/俄/法)(0840) 第二外语(日/俄/法)(0839) 第二外语(日/俄/法)(0841) 高级英语(0600) 英语写作(0603) 翻译(0087) 口译与听力(0602) 英美文学选读(0604) 英语科技文选(0836) 现代语言学(0830) 外语教学法(0833) 听力(0593) 口语(0594) 综合英语(二)(0795) 毕业论文及答辩(6999)这些书你可以到石家庄的红旗大街河北省教育考试院图书超市去买(周六和周日休息),那里所有的自考书籍都有。 从火车站你坐107直达河北省教育考试院站下车就可以了。

『壹』 自考英语有哪些课程,复不复杂,

//rrting/English/zkyy/ ·自考综合英语 ·自学考试大学英语 ·10月自考英语专科 ·10月自考英语本科 ·10月份自考英语辅导高级英语 ·自考商务英语基础 ·自学考试英语翻译基础班 ·自学考试英语写作基础 ·自考写作与阅读 ·自考英语综合一(下册) ·自考英语综合一(上册) ·自考英语综合二(下册) ·自考英语综合二(上册)

『贰』 英语本科自考的科目

报考条件 凡国家承认学历的专科及专科以上毕业生均可报考本专业,并根据具体情况作如下分类: (1)、英语类专业专科毕业生可以直接报考; (2)、其他专业专科及专科以上毕业生可以报考,但必须加考综合英语(二、英语听力、英语口语等三门课程的合格成绩; 考试课程代号、名称和学分 1、理论考试课程设置 序号 课程代号 课程名称 学分 备注 必考 选考 公共课 1、3709 马克思主义基本原理 4 2、3708 中国近现代史纲要 2 公共课(二外)两门任选一门 3、 8027 日语 6 8011 法语 6 专业课 4 0603 英语写作 6 5 0087 英语翻译 6 6 0600 高级英语 12 7 0604 英美文学选读 6 8、 9 三组任选一组 一 1 0830 现代语言学 4 2 0832 英语词汇学 4 二 1 0833 外语教学法 4 2 0838 语言与文化 4 三 1 0834 英语经贸知识 4 2 0094 外贸函电 4 合计56 2、英语(本科)专业实践环节考核课程设置 序号 课程代号 课程名称 学分 备注 S1 0602 口译与听力[066] 6 S2 7072 毕业论文 合计6 满意请采纳

『叁』 自考英语专业一共考几科

【导读】越来越多人选择自学考试的教育形式来提升学历。自考学历在社会上,与参加高考后就读的大学的结业证书同等对待,是成人学历中含金量最高的学历。那么报考什么专业比较有优势,多久可以拿证。因此,我为诸位考生整理了自考十大热门专业。希望对各位考生有帮助,祝大家备考顺利。

自考热门专业推荐

行政管理

专业优势:简单好过,不用考数学英语。就业方向广,晋升管理层快。

汉语言文学

专业优势:文科专业,实用性强,不考数学,学习容易。

学前教育

专业优势:文科专业,实用性强,市场潜力巨大。

工商企业管理

专科2年,本科2年。

所学知识可以直接应用,数学类科目重点考点非常少,而且题型变化少。

会计

专科2年,本科2年

就业率高,工作稳定。

金融

专科2年,本科2年。

就业前景好,课程难度小,师资力量强,学历含金量高。

英语

取证快。专科1.5年,本科1.5年。

考试简单,以选择题为主,不论任何行业,英语自我涨幅都很大。

法律

专科2年,本科2年。

不考计算机和英语,难度小,就业方向清晰,人才缺口较大。

市场营销

专科2年,本科2年。

企业需求人口大,符合当今社会趋势,培养市场调研与分析、营销策划等工作的应用型高级人才。

国际贸易

下证快,专科1.5年-2年,本科1.5年-2年。

含金量高,就业方向广,社会企业认可度高。

自考学历有什么用

自考本科毕业生待遇规定在工资待遇方面,非在职人员录用后,与普通高等学校同类毕业生相同;在职人员的工资待遇低于普通高等学校同类毕业生的,从获得毕业证书之日起,按普通高等学校同类毕业生工资标准执行。

虽然非普通高等学历教育的其他国民教育形式毕业生取得国家承认的毕业证后,符合职位要求的资格条件的,均可以报考,但是自考本科学历含金量仅次于统招生,在报考公务员方面拥有绝对的优势,深受招考部门喜爱。

自考本科可以报考公务员,公务员工作稳定,待遇较高,压力较小,又有权力,现在许多人都想做公务员,而人事部规定,公务员岗位需要通过公务员考试,现在大多数公务员岗位都要求本科以上才有资格报考,通常只有基层和艰苦的工作岗位留给专科一部分。

如果你正准备报名明年的成人自考,现在开始学习吧。老师为大家贴心整理了2020年广东省成人自考招生院校专业简章,先选好院校专业再复习,录取通过率会更高!点击链接即可查看:

『肆』 自考英语专业科目

1.口译与听力 课程代码:00602学分:6 2.马克思主义基本原理概论 课程代码:0370 *** 分:4 3.中国近现代史纲要 课程代码:03708学分:2 4.第二外语(日语)山东 课程代码:sd00840学分:6 5.英语词汇学 课程代码:00832学分:4 6.英语语法 课程代码:00831学分:4 7.现代语言学 课程代码:00830学分:4 8.英美文学选读 课程代码:00604学分:6 9.英语写作 课程代码:00603学分:4 10.高级英语 课程代码:00600学分:12 11.英语翻译 课程代码:00087学分:6

『伍』 哪些证书可以替代自学考试“英语(一)”课程

如果你可以拿到英语4级的证书,那么你就可以免考自学考试的英语,只要有一个4级就行了。

『陆』 哪些证书可以替代自学考试“英语(二)”课程

获得全国英语等级考试三级(或笔试部分成绩合格)及以上证书、高校毕业生在校期间参加本校考试并取得大学英语四、六级证书,且在有效期间内,可免考自学考试“英语(二)”课程。持大学英语四级考试成绩报告单,成绩达到425分者,可免考“英语(二)”课程。

全国英语等级考试考试分笔试和口试两部分,内容包括:听力、语言知识、阅读、写作、口语。笔试和口试均合格者,由教育部考试中心颁发给《全国英语等级考试合格证书》。

国家承认学历的各类高等学校及自学考试专科以上(含专科)的毕业生(及肄业生、退学生)报考自学考试,根据有关规定,申请免考已学过并考试成绩合格的有关课程。

考生原有成绩的考试方式为考试的课程,可以申请免考表中规定的自学考试笔试类和实践考核类课程,而考试方式为“考查”的课程,只可申请免考表中规定的自学考试“实践考核”类课程。

(6)英语自学考试课程扩展阅读 :

自考免考需提交的材料:

1、原毕业学校或自学考试毕业证原件及复印件一份。

2、当年普通高校的应届本科或专科毕业生(最后一学年)可提供学校教务处证明(原件一份)。

3、原毕业学校的学籍卡复印件一份,并加盖学校教务处公章(红印);或者将本人人事档案中的学籍卡复印一份,并加盖本人人事关系主管单位的组织、人事部门的公章(红印)。

4、学籍卡应含有每学期所学的课程、学分、学时、考试类型、考试成绩等内容。学籍卡上如有更改记录,应由原毕业学校教务处在复印件上更正之处加盖公章(红印),并由经办人签名。

5、自学考试毕业生只需提供本人《毕业生登记表》中成绩栏部分的复印件一份即可。

注:由于各地自考政策不同,提交材料有略有不同,考生可以事先咨询当地自考办。

『柒』 自考本科英语专业要考哪些科目

英语自考本科的开考科目因所在省份及主考院校的不同也有所不同,以山东大学为例英语自考本科段的所有课程,供参考:

1.口译与听力 课程代码:00602学分:6

2.马克思主义基本原理概论 课程代码:0370 *** 分:4

3.中国近现代史纲要 课程代码:03708学分:2

4.第二外语(日语)山东 课程代码:sd00840学分:6

5.英语词汇学 课程代码:00832学分:4

6.英语语法 课程代码:00831学分:4

7.现代语言学 课程代码:00830学分:4

8.英美文学选读 课程代码:00604学分:6

9.英语写作 课程代码:00603学分:4

10.高级英语 课程代码:00600学分:12

11.英语翻译 课程代码:00087学分:6

『捌』 自考本科英文的课程顺序,什么课程大几上的

自考是没有分课程顺序的,自己选择性学习,选择性考试。根据你自己的学习能力选择即可。 在规定的报考时间内报考,而后准备考试。考过的科目就不用再考了,直到考完所有的科目。 目前广东自考是可以一年考三次,1月、4月和10月,一次考试最多可以考4门科目。

『玖』 英语本科自学考试的科目有哪些

具体为: 序号 代码 课程名称 学分 教材名称 编著者 出版社 版次 1 0004 *** 思想概论 2 *** 思想概论 罗正楷 武汉大学出版社 1999年版 2 0005 马克思主义政治经济学原理 3 马克思主义政治经济学原理 卫兴华 武汉大学出版社 1999年版 3 0087 英语翻译 6 英语翻译教程 庄绎传 外语教学与研究出版社 1999年版 4 0600 高级英语 12 高级英语(上、下册) 王家湘 张中载 外语教学与研究出版社 2000年版 5 0602 口译与听力 6 口译与听力 杨俊峰 辽宁大学出版社 2002年版 6 0603 英语写作 4 英语写作 杨俊峰 辽宁大学出版社 1999年版 7 0604 英美文学选读 6 英美文学选读 张伯香 外语教学与研究出版社 1999年版 8 0830 现代语言学(A) 4 现代语言学 何兆雄 杨德明 外语教学与研究出版社 1999年版 9 0832 英语词汇学(A) 4 英语词汇学 张维友 外语教学与研究出版社 1999年版 10 0833 外语教学法(A) 4 外语教学法 舒白梅 陈佑林 高等教育出版社 1999年版 11 0836 英语科技文选(B) 4 英语科技文选 李碧嘉 高等教育出版社 2000年版 12 0837 旅游英语选读(B) 4 旅游英语选读 修月祯 高等教育出版社 1999年版 13 0838 语言与文化(B) 4 语言与文化 王振亚 高等教育出版社 2000年版 14 0840 日语 6 大学日语 王诗荣 高等教育出版社 1999年版 15 8801 毕业论文 0 学分 57 加考 课程 0593 听力 8 英语听力 何其莘王敏等 外语教学与研究出版社 1999年版 0594 口语 8 英语口语教程 吴祯福 外语教学与研究出版社 1999年版 0795 综合英语(二) 10 综合英语(二)(上、下册) 徐克蓉 外语教学与研究出版社 2000年版

如果没有学过专业课,语言学和教学法还是有一定难度,剩余的都是考的基本,所以如果报两门,建议考翻译,泛读和写作吧

自考高级英语下册翻译

Lesson One Rock Superstars 关于我们和我们的社会,他们告诉了我们些什么? What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society? 摇滚乐是青少年叛逆的音乐。 ——摇滚乐评论家约相?罗克韦尔 Rock is the music of teenage rebellion. —— John Rockwell, rock music critic 知其崇拜何人便可知其人。 ——小说家罗伯特?佩恩?沃伦 By a man's heroes ye shall know him. —— Robert Penn Warren, novelist 1972年6月的一天,芝加哥圆形剧场挤满了大汗淋漓、疯狂摇摆的人们。 It was mid-June, 1972, the Chicago Amphitheater was packed, sweltering, rocking. 滚石摇滚乐队的迈克?贾格尔正在台上演唱“午夜漫步人”。 Mick Jagger of the Rolling Stones was singing “Midnight Rambler.” 演唱结束时评论家唐?赫克曼在现场。 Critic Don Heckman was there when the song ended. 他描述道:“贾格尔抓起一个半加仑的水罐沿舞台前沿边跑边把里面的水洒向前几排汗流浃背的听众。听众们蜂拥般跟随着他跑,急切地希望能沾上几滴洗礼的圣水。 “Jagger,” he said, “grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform, sprinkling its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners. They surge to follow him, eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops”。 1973年12月下旬的一天,约1.4万名歌迷在华盛顿市外的首都中心剧场尖叫着,乱哄哄地拥向台前。 It was late December, 1973, Some 14,000 screaming fans were crunching up to the front of the stage at Capital Center, outside Washington, D.C. 美国的恐怖歌星艾利丝?库珀的表演正接近尾声。 Alice Cooper, America's singing ghoul, was ending his act. 他表演的最后一幕是假装在断头台上结束自己的生命。 He ends it by pretending to end his life – with a guillotine. 他的“头”落入一个草篮中。 His “head” drops into a straw basket. “哎呀!”一个黑衣女孩子惊呼道:“啊!真是了不起,不是吗?”。 “Ooh,” gasped a girl dressed in black. “Oh, isn't that marvelous?” 当时,14岁的迈克珀力也在场,但他的父母不在那里。 Fourteen-year-old Mick Perlie was there too, but his parents weren't. “他们觉得他恶心,恶心,恶心,”迈克说,“他们对我说,你怎么受得了那些?” “They think he's sick, sick, sick,” Mike said. “They say to me, 'How can you stand that stuff?'” 1974年1月下旬的一天,在纽约州尤宁谷城拿骚体育场内,鲍勃?狄伦和“乐队”乐队正在为音乐会上要用的乐器调音。 It was late January, 1974. Inside the Nassau Coliseum in Uniondale, New York, Bob Dylan and The Band were tuning for a concert. 馆外,摇滚歌迷克利斯?辛格在大雨中等待着入场。 Outside, in the pouring rain, fan Chris Singer was waiting to get in. “这是朝圣,”克利斯说,“我应该跪着爬进去。” “ This is pilgrimage,” Chris said, “I ought to be crawling on my knees.” 对于这一切好评及个人崇拜,你怎么看? How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship? 当米克?贾格尔的崇拜者们把他视为上帝的代表或是一个神时,你是赞成还是反对? When Mick Jagger's fans look at him as a high priest or a god, are you with them or against them? 你也和克利斯?辛格一样对鲍勃?狄伦怀有几乎是宗教般的崇敬吗? Do you share Chris Singer's almost religious reverence for Bob Dylan? 你认为他或狄伦是步入歧途吗? Do you think he – or Dylan – is misguided? 你也认为艾利丝?库珀令人恶心而拒不接受吗? Do you reject Alice Cooper as sick? 难道你会莫名其妙地被这个奇怪的小丑吸引,原因就在于他表达出你最狂热的幻想? Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown, perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies? 这些并不是闲谈。 These aren't idle questions. 有些社会学家认为对这些问题的回答可以充分说明你在想些什么以及社会在想些什么——也就是说,有关你和社会的态度。 Some sociologists say that your answers to them could explain a lot about what you are thinking and about what your society is thinking – in other words, about where you and your society are. 社会学家欧文?霍洛威茨说:“音乐表现其时代。” “Music expressed its times,” says sociologist Irving Horowitz. 霍洛威茨把摇滚乐的舞台视为某种辩论的论坛,一个各种思想交锋的场所。 Horowitz sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum, a place where ideas clash and crash. 他把它看作是一个美国社会努力为自己的感情及信仰不断重新进行解释的地方。 He sees it as a place where American society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs. 他说:“重新解释是一项只有青年人才能执行的任务。只有他们才把创造与夸张、理性与运动、言语与声音、音乐与政治融为一体。” “The redefinition,” Horowitz says, “is a task uniquely performed by the young. It is they alone who combine invention and exaggeration, reason and motion, word and sound, music and politics.” 作曲兼演唱家托德?伦德格伦对这个观点表示赞同。 Todd Rundgren, the composer and singer, agrees. 他说:“摇滚乐与其说是一种音乐力量不如说是一种社会心理的表现。就连埃尔维斯?普雷斯利也并非是一种伟大的音乐力量,他只不过是体现了50年代青少年那种心灰意冷的精神状态。” “Rock music,” he says, “is really a sociological expression rather than a musical force. Even Elvis Presley wasn't really a great musical force. It's just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s.” 毫无疑问,普雷斯利震惊了美国的成人世界。 Of course Presley horrified adult America. 报纸写社论攻击他,电视网也禁止播他,但也许埃尔维斯证实了霍洛威茨和伦德格伦的看法。 Newspapers editorialized against him, and TV networks banned him. But Elvis may have proved what Horowitz and Rundgren believe. 当他通过电视上埃德?沙利文的星期日晚间的综艺节目出现在千百万人面前时,就引起了某种辩论。 When he appeared on the Ed.Sullivan Sunday night variety show in front of millions, a kind of “debate” took place. 多数年纪大的观众眉头紧皱,而大多数年轻观众则报以掌声欢迎。 Most of the older viewers frowned, while most of the younger viewers applauded. 摇滚乐评论家们说,从埃尔维斯到艾利丝,许多歌星帮助我们的社会解说其信仰与态度。 Between Elvis and Alice, rock critics say, a number of rock stars have helped our society define its beliefs and attitudes. 鲍勃?狄伦触动了对现状不满的神经,他唱到民权、核散落物以及孤独。 Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. He spoke of civil rights, nuclear fallout, and loneliness. 他唱到变革和老一代人的迷茫,他在歌声中唱道:“这儿正发生着什么事,你不知道是什么事,对吗,琼斯先生?” He spoke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation. “Something's happening here,” he sang. “You don't know what it is, do you, Mr.Jones?” 其他人也加入了这场辩论。 Others entered the debate. 霍洛威茨说,甲壳虫乐队以幽默的方式,或许还借助麻醉品的力量来倡导和平与虔诚。傲慢无理、打架斗殴的滚石乐队成员要求革命。杰斐逊飞机乐队的歌曲“我们能够联合”和“志愿者”(有一场革命)则是激进青年的更进一步的两项声明。 The Beatles, Horowitz said, urged peace and piety, with humor and maybe a little help from drugs. The Rolling Stones, arrogant street-fighting men, demanded revolution. The Jefferson Airplane's “We Can Be Together” and Volunteers (Got a Revolution)“ were two further statements of radical youth. 但政治并不是60年代强硬派摇滚乐所辩论的惟一主题,始终作为任何音乐永恒组成部分的情感也是一个重要题目。 But politics wasn't the only subject debated in the hard rock of the sixties. Feelings, always a part of any musical statement, were a major subject. 詹妮丝?乔普林用歌声表达自己的悲哀。 Janis Jophin sang of her sadness. 甲壳虫乐队揭示出爱与恨之间的一系列的感情。 The Beatles showed there were a range of emotions between love and hate. 以后又出现了“乐队”乐队把乡村音乐和西部音乐所表达的较为传统的观念与强硬派摇滚乐较为激进的“都市”观念结合在一起。 Then came The Band, mixing the more traditional ideas of country and western music into the more radical “city” ideas of the hard rock. 霍洛威茨认为这一成分的乡村音乐帮助听众表达了一种“摆脱这一切”,“重返过去时光”的强烈愿望。 This country element, Horowitz feels, helped its audience express an urge to “get away from it all,” to “go back to the old day. 当前最能说明霍洛威茨看法的例子之一就是约翰?丹佛,他最的歌曲《阳光照在我肩上》、《高高的落基山》和《乡间小路》把民间摇滚乐的音乐灵魂与力量结合了起来,而歌词则赞美了“往日美好时光”的朴素的欢乐。 。“ One of the best current examples of what Horotwitz is talking about is John Denver. His most notable songs – ”Sunshine on My Shoulders“, ”Rocky Mountain High“, and ”Country Road“ – combine the musical drive and power of folk rock, while the lyrics celebrate the simple joys of ”the good old days.“ 这样的例子不胜枚举。 The list could go on and on. 这些摇滚乐音乐家们和所有的艺术家一样反映出我们借以认识并形成属于自己的感情与信念。 Like all artists, these rock musicians mirror feelings and beliefs that help us see and form our own. 我们以什么来回报他们呢?当然是掌声和赞美。 What do we give them in return? Applause and praise, of course. 在1972年的一次全国民意测验中,10%的男高中生和30%以上的女高中生都说他们最崇拜的人是超级摇滚歌星。 In one 1972, national opinion poll, more than 10 percent of the high school boys and 20 percent of the girls said their hero was a rock superstar. 此外我们给他们金钱, 商业杂志《福布斯》认为,“当今成为百万富翁的捷径是当摇滚歌星。” We also give them money. “The fastest way to become a millionaire these days,” says Forbes, a business magazine, “is to become a rock 'n' roll star.” 今天的英雄们——至少其中一部分人——告诉我们,他们很喜欢所得到的报偿。 Today's heroes – some of them, anyway – tell us they enjoy their rewards. “我暗自嘲笑这些先生们和女士们,他们从没想到过我们会成为金娃娃。”演唱这支歌曲的是“文化英雄”艾利丝?库珀。 “And I laughed to myself at the men and the ladies. Who never conceived of us billion-dollar babies.” The particular “culture hero” who sings that is Alice cooper. 可是,仍然存在着一个大问题:为什么他是文化英雄? The big question remains: Why is he a culture hero? 他,或者当今任何其他走红的摇滚歌星能告诉我们些什么有关他们的歌迷的事情? What does he – or any other current rock success – tell us about his fans? 对于我们自己和我们的社会有些什么了解?现在怎样,过去如何,将来又将向何处去? About ourselves and our society? Where it is, where it was, where it's heading?

第十个人 Lesson Ten The Tenth Man 就在第二天下午3点(闹钟上的时间),一个军官走进了牢房。这是他们几星期以来见到的第一位军官。他非常年轻,甚至小胡子的形状也显示出他不够老练,左边的胡子剃得重了点。 It was at three the next afternoon (alarm clock time) that an officer entered the cell; the first officer they had seen for weeks – and this one was very young, with inexperience even in the shape of his mustache which he had shaved too much on the left side. 他就像一个初次登台领奖的小学生一样窘迫不安,他说起话来粗鲁无礼,似乎要显示一种他并不具备的力量。 He was as embarrassed as a schoolboy making his first entry on a stage at a prize-giving, and he spoke abruptly so as to give the impression of a strength he did not possess. 他说道:“昨天夜间城里发生了几起谋杀,一名军事长官的副手、一位中士和一个骑自行车的女孩被杀。”他又说道:“我们不在乎女孩的死。法国男人杀死法国女人不关我们的事。” He said, “There were murders last night in the town. The aide-de-camp of the military governor, a sergeant and a girl on a bicycle.” He added, “We don't complain about the girl. Frenchmen have our permission to kill Frenchwomen.” 很明显他事先仔细斟酌了他的讲话,但他的嘲弄做过了头,他的表演也很业余。 He had obviously thought up his speech carefully beforehand, but the irony was overdone and the delivery that of an amateur actor: 整个场面就像手势字谜游戏那样矫饰做作。 the whole scene was as unreal as a charade. 他接着说道:“你们知道自己为什么来这里,你们在这里好吃好喝,过着舒适的日子,而我们的人却在工作和战斗。不过现在你们必须付出代价了。不要怪我们,要怪你们自己的杀人凶手。我的命令是集中营里每十个人要有一个被枪决。你们有多少人?”“报数。”他厉声喝道人们闷闷不乐地照办了。“28,29,30.”人们知道不用数他也知道人数,这不过是他玩的把戏中不可省略的一句台词…… He said, “You know what you are here for, living comfortably, on fine rations, while our men work and fight. Well, now you've got to pay the hotel bill. Don't blame us. Blame your own murderers. My orders are that one man in every ten shall be shot in this camp. How many of you are there?” He shouted sharply, “Number off,” and sullenly they obeyed, “…… twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty.” They knew he knew without counting. This was just a line in his charade he couldn't sacrifice. 他说道:“那么,你们的名额是三个,我们并不关心是哪三个人。你们可以自己选择。死刑于明天早上7点执行。” He said, “Your allotment then is three. We are quite indifferent as to which three. You can choose for yourselves. The funeral rites will begin at seven tomorrow morning.” 他玩的把戏结束了,人们可以听到他的脚步响亮地敲击着沥青路渐渐远去。 The charade was over: they could hear his feet striking sharply on the asphalt going away. 查维尔忽然很想知道他打的手势是什么字。要他们猜的是不是“夜间”,“姑娘”,“旁边”或“30”。不,不是。谜底肯定是“人质”。 Chavel wondered for a moment what syllable had been acted —“night,”“girl,”“aside,” or perhaps “thirty,” but it was of course the whole word—“hostage. ” 牢房里很长时间没人说话。后来一个叫克拉夫的阿尔萨斯人开口道:“好了,我们有人自愿吗?” The silence went on a long time, and then a man called Krogh, an Alsatian, said, “Well, do we have to volunteer?” “废话。”一个职员说道。他是一个上了年纪的戴着夹鼻眼镜的老头。他接着说道:“没人会自愿,我们必须抽签。除非有人认为应按年龄决定——最老的先死。” “Rubbish,” said one of the clerks, a thin elderly man in pince-nez, “nobody will volunteer. We must draw lots.” He added, “Un-less it is thought that we should go by ages —the oldest first. ” “不,不行。”另一个人说道,“那不公平。” “No, no,” one of the others said, “that would be unjust. ” “这是自然规律。” “It's the way of nature.” “那算什么自然规律。”又一个人说道,“我有个女儿,5岁时就死了。” “Not even the way of nature,” another said. “1 had a child who died when she was five……” “我们必须抽签。”市长坚定地说。 “We must draw lots,” the mayor said firmly. “只有这样才公正。”他坐在那里,双手依然紧贴在肚子上,遮挡着他的怀表,但是整个牢房里都能听见怀表清脆的滴答声。 “It is the only fair thing.” He sat with his hands still pressed over his stomach, hiding his watch, but all through the cell you could hear its blunt tick lock tick. 他接着又说道:“由未婚者抽签,已婚者除外,他们有责任。” He added, “On the unmarried. The married should not be included. They have responsibilities… “哈,哈!”皮埃尔说道,“我们明白了。为什么已婚者就应逃脱?他们的事儿已经做完了。当然,你结婚了吧?” “Ha, ha,” Pierre said, “we see through that. Why should the married get off? Their work's finished. You, of course, are married?” “我的妻子不在了。”市长说,“我现在是未婚,你呢?” “I have lost my wife,” the mayor said, “I am not married now. And you…” “结了。”皮埃尔答道。 “Married,” Pierre said. 市长开始解下怀表。发现皮埃尔处境安全,他似乎更坚信作为怀表的主人自己必定是下一个牺牲者。 The mayor began to undo his watch; the discovery that his rival was safe seemed to confirm his belief that as the owner of time he was bound to be the next victim. 他环顾了每一个人,然后选择了查维尔。也许是因为只有他穿着西服背心适合戴表链。他说道:“查维尔先生,我想让你替我拿着怀表,万一……” He looked from face to face and chose Chavel, perhaps because he was the only man with a waistcoat fit to take the chain. He said, “Monsieur Chavel, I want you to hold this watch for me in case…” “你找别人吧!”查维尔说,“我还没结婚呢。” “you'd better choose someone else,” Chavel said. “I am not married.” 那个老职员又开口了,“我结婚了,我有权说话。 The elderly clerk spoke again. He said, “I'm married. I've got the right to speak. 我们正把一切引向歧途。这不是我们最后一次抽签。如果这儿有一个特权阶层——那些最终将活着的人,大家想想,牢房里会是什么样子。你们其他人很快就会痛恨我们。你们害怕,而我们将不再担心。“ We are going the wrong way about all this. Everyone must draw lots. This isn't the last draw we shall have, and picture to yourselves what it will be like in this cell if we have a privileged class —the ones who are left to the end. The rest of you will soon begin to hate us. We shall be left out of your fear. . . “ “他说得对。”皮埃尔说。 “He's right,” Pierre said. 市长重新握紧了怀表,说道:“就照你们的主意办。要是能够这样征税的话……”他做了个绝望的手势。 The mayor refastened his watch. “Have it your own way,” he said. “But if the taxes were levied like this…” He gave a gesture of despair. “我们如何抽签?”克拉夫问道。 “How do we draw?” Krogh asked. 查维尔答道:“最快的办法就是从一只鞋里抽出画有记号的纸条。” Chavel said, “The quickest way would be to draw marked papers out of a shoe. . .” 克拉夫轻蔑地说:“那么快干吗?对于我们当中几个人来说这可是最后一次赌博了。我们蛮可以享受一番。我提议赌抛硬币。” Krogh said contemptuously, “Why the quickest way? This is the last gamble some of us will have. We may as well enjoy it. I say a coin.” “这不好。”那个职员说,“抛硬币不是一个公平、合理的办法。” “It won't work,” the clerk said. “You can't get a even chance with a coin.” “惟一的办法就是抽签。”市长说道。 “The only way is to draw,” the mayor said. 职员开始为抽签做准备,为此他牺牲了一封家信。 The clerk prepared the draw, sacrificing for it one of his letters from home. 他很快地看了一遍信,然后把它撕成30张小纸条。 He read it rapidly for the last time, and then tore it into thirty pieces. 他用铅笔在其中三张上画上十字,然后把每张纸条都叠上。 On three pieces he made a cross in pencil, and then folded each piece. 他接着说:“克拉夫的鞋。”大家把纸条放在地下搅乱,然后装进了鞋子里。 “Krogh's got the biggest shoe,” he said. They shuffled the pieces on the floor and then dropped them into the shoe. “我们按姓氏的字母顺序抽签。”市长说。 “We'll draw in alphabetical order,” the mayor said. “从Z开始抽。”查维尔说道。他的安全感开始动摇了。他急切想喝点什么,用手指从嘴唇上撕下一小块干皮。 “Z first,” Chavel said. His feeling of security was shaken. He wanted a drink badly. He picked at a dry piece of skin on his lip. “就按你说的办。”卡车司机说道,“有人排在维尔森前面吗?我先抽。” “As you wish,” the lorry driver said. “Anybody beat Voisin? Here goes. 他用手在鞋子里小心地掏,就像是要掏到他心里想要的那张。 “He thrust his hand into the shoe and made careful excavations as though he had one particular scrap of paper in mind. 他抽出一张,打开,怔怔地看着,然后说了声:“完了。”他坐下来,摸出一支香烟放到嘴里,却忘了点火。 He drew one out, opened it, and gazed at it with astonishment. He said, “This is it.” He sat down and felt for a cigarette, but when he got it between his lips he forgot to light it. 查维尔心中充满了巨大而又令他感到羞耻的快乐。 Chavel was filled with a huge and shameful joy. 看来自己得救了。剩下二十九个人抽签,而只有两张带有记号的纸条。 It seemed to him that already he was saved —twenty - nine men to draw and only two marked papers left. 抽中死签的可能性突然变得对他有利,从10比1变成了14比1.经营蔬菜水果的商人也抽了一张,然后漫不经心、毫无表情地示意自己平安无事。 The chances had suddenly grown in his favor from ten to one to—fourteen to one: the greengrocer had drawn a slip and indicated carelessly and without pleasure that he was safe. 的确,从抽第一张签时人们就忌讳任何喜形于色的表现,一个人不能以任何宽慰的举动去嘲弄注定要死的人。 Indeed from the first draw any mark of pleasure was taboo: one couldn't mock the condemned man by any sign of relief. 查维尔胸中有一种隐隐约约的不安——还不是恐惧,像是一种压抑感。 Again a dull disquiet —ii couldn't yet be described as a fear—exended its empire over Chavel's chest. 当第六个人抽到空白纸条时,他发现自己在打哈欠;当第十个人——就是大家称作雅维耶的那个人抽完签后,他的心中又充满了某中怨愤的情绪。现在抽中死签的机会同开始时一样了。 It was like a constriction: he found himself yawning as the sixth man drew a blank slip, and a sense of grievance nagged at his mind when the tenth man bad drawn—it was the one they called Janvier—and the chances were once again the same as when the draw started. 有的人抽出他们手指碰到的第一张纸条;有的人似乎怀疑命运企图将某一张纸条强加于他们,所以他们刚刚从鞋里抽出一张,就又扔回去,再另换一张。 Some men drew the first slip which touched their fingers; others seemed to suspect tha t fate was trying to force on them a particular slip and when they bad drawn one a little way from the shoe would let it drop again and choose another. 时间过得很慢,令人难以置信。那个叫做维尔森的人靠墙坐着,嘴里叼着仍未点燃的香烟,对一切都不再在意。 Time passed with incredible slowness, and the man called Voisin sat against the wall with the unlighted cigarette in his mouth paying them no attention at all. 就在生存的机会逐渐变小,抽中死签的可能性达到八分之一时,一个叫做勒诺特的上年纪的职员抽中了第二张死签。 The chances had narrowed to one in eight when the elderly clerk —his name was Lenotre—drew the second slip. 他清了清喉咙,戴上夹鼻眼镜,好像要确认自己没有看错。“喂,维尔森先生,我能加入吗?”他带着淡淡的微笑说道。 He cleared his throat and put on his pince-nez as though he had to make sure he was not mistaken. “Ah, Monsieur Voisin,” he said with a thin undecided smile, “May I join you?” 令人难以琢磨的机会再次以绝对对查维尔有利的优势朝他走来,抽中死签的可能性只有十五分之一,可他这次却没有丝毫欣慰,他被普通百姓所具有的勇气所震撼,他想让这一切尽快结束,就像一副扑克玩得太久了,他只希望有人离开牌桌,结束牌局。 This time Chavel felt no joy even though the elusive odds were back again overwhelmingly in his favor at fifteen to one; he was daunted by the courage of common men. He wanted the whole thing to be over as quickly as possible: like a game of cards which has gone on too long, he only wanted someone to make a move and break up the table. 勒诺特在维尔森身边靠墙坐下,他翻过纸条,背面是信中的一点内容,“是你妻子的?”维尔森问道。“是我女儿的。”勒诺特答道,“请原谅。”他起身走到自己的铺盖处,抽出一本便笺,回到维尔森身边开始写起来。他不慌不忙,认认真真地写下一串纤细而清晰的字迹。 。 Lenotre, sitting down against the wall next to Voisin, turned the slip over: on the back was a scrap of writing. Your-wife?“ Voisin said. “My daughter,” Lenotre said. “Excuse me.” He went over to his roll of bedding and drew out a writing pad. Then he sat down next to Voisin and began to write, carefully, without hurry, a thin legible hand. 这时中死签的概率又回到了10比1. The odds were back to ten to one. 从那时起,对查维尔来说,抽中死签的可能性似乎以一种不可避免的可怕趋势发生着变化。 From that point the odds seemed to move toward Chavel with a dreadful inevitability: 9比1,8比1,抽中死签的可能性好像指向了他。 nine to one, eight to one; they were like a pointing finger. 剩下的人抽得越来越快,越来越随便。 The men who were left drew more quickly and more carelessly: 在查维尔看来,他们似乎都知道了某种秘密,知道他会抽到死签。 they seemed to Chavel to have some inner information —to know that he was the one. 轮到他抽签时,只剩下了3张纸,留给他的机会这么少,在他看来真是不公平。 When his time came to draw there were only three slips left , and it appeared to Chavel a monstrous injustice that there were so few choices left for him. 他从鞋中抽出一张,接着又认定这是同伴的意志强加给他的,一定有十字。于是他把它放回去,另抽了一张。 He drew one out of the shoe and then feeling certain that this one had been willed on him by his companions and contained the penciled cross he threw it back and snatched another. “律师,你偷看了。”剩下的两个人中有一个大声说道,但另一个让他安静下来。 “You looked, lawyer,” one of the two men exclaimed, but the other quieted him. “他没有偷看,他抽到的是有记号的。” “He didn't look. He's got the marked one now.” “不,不。”查维尔把纸条扔到地上,开始大叫:“我从来就没有同意,你们不能让我替别人去死。” “No,” Chavel said, “no.” He threw the slip upon the ground and cried, “I never consented to the draw. You can't make me die for the rest of you. . . ” 大家惊讶地看着他,但并没有敌意。 They watched him with astonishment but without enmity. 他是一个出身高贵的人。人们没有用自己的标准去衡量他,因为他属于一个别人难以理解的阶层。人们甚至没有把他的行为与胆怯联系起来。 He was a gentleman. They didn't judge him by their own standards: he belonged to an unaccountable class and they didn't at first even attach the idea of cowardice to his actions. “听我说,”查维尔一边哀求,一边举起那张纸条。大家既惊奇又好奇地看着他。“谁接受这张纸条,我就给他10万法郎。” “Listen,” Chavel implored them. He held out the slip of paper and they all watched him with compassionate curiosity. “I'll give a hundred thousand francs to anyone who'll take this.” 他快速移动着小步地从一个人面前走到另一个人面前,朝每一个人展示那张小纸条,好像是拍卖会上的服务员。 He took little rapid steps from one man to another, showing each man the bit of paper as if he were an attendant at an auction. “10万法郎。”他恳求道。人们感到震惊,同样又感到一丝怜悯:他是他们之中惟一的有钱人,这是与众不同之处。 “A hundred thousand francs,” he implored, and they watched him with a kind of shocked pity: he was the only rich man among them and this was a unique situation. 人们无法去比较,只能认定这就是他那个阶层的特点,这犹如一个在异国港口下船就餐的旅游者能从一个碰巧与他同桌的狡猾商人身上总结出该国的国民性格。 They had no means of comparison and assumed that this was a characteristic of his class, just as a traveler stepping off the liner at a foreign port for luncheon sums up a nation's character forever in the wily businessman who happens to share the table with him.

lesson3 使用暴力 Lesson Three The Use of Force 他们是我的新病人,我所知道的只有名字,奥尔逊。 They were new patients to me, all I had was the name, Olson. 请您尽快赶来,我女儿病得很重。 “Please come down as soon as you can, my daughter is very sick.” 当我到达时,孩子的母亲迎接了我,这是一位看上去惊恐不安的妇人,衣着整洁却一脸忧伤的神色她只是说,这位就是医生吗? When I arrived I was met by the mother, a big startled looking woman, very clean and apologetic who merely said, Is this the doctor? 然后带我进了屋。 And let me in. 在后面,她又说到,请你一定要原谅我们,医生,我们让她呆在厨房里,那儿暖和,这里有时很潮湿。 In the back, she added. You must excuse us, doctor, we have her in the kitchen where it is warm. It is very damp here sometimes. 在厨房的桌子旁边,这个孩子穿得严严实实的,坐在她父亲的腿上。 The child was fully dressed and sitting on here father's lap near the kitchen table. 他父亲试图站起来,但我向他示意不用麻烦,然后我脱下外套开始检查。 He tried to get up, but I motioned for him not to bother, took off my overcoat and started to look things over. 我能够觉察出他们都很紧张,而且用怀疑的眼光上下打量着我。 I could see that they were all very nervous, eyeing me up and down distrustfully. 在这种情形下,他们通常不会提供太多的情况,而是等着我告诉他们病情,这就是为什么他们会在我身上花3美元。 As often, in such cases, they weren't telling me more than they had to, it was up to me to tell them; that's why they were spending three dollars on me. 这个孩子用她那冷漠而镇定的目光目不转睛地盯着我,脸上没有任何表情。 The child was fairly eating me up with her cold, steady eyes, and no expression on her face whatever. 她纹丝不动,内心似乎很平静。这是一个非常惹人喜爱的小东西,外表长得象小牛一样结实。 She did not move and seemed, inwardly, quiet; an unusually attractive little thing, and as strong as a heifer in appearance. 但是她的脸发红,而且呼吸急促,我知道她在发着高烧。 But her face was flushed, she was breathing rapidly, and I realized that she had a high fever. 她长着一头漂亮浓密的金发,就像刊登在广告插页上和周日报纸图片版上的那些孩子一样。 She had magnificent blonde hair, in profusion. One of those picture children often reproduced in advertising leaflets and the photogravure sections of the Sunday papers. 她发烧已经3天了,她父亲开口说,我们不知道是什么原因。 She's had a fever for three days, began the father and we don't know what it comes from. 我太太给她吃了一些药,你知道,大家都是这样做的,可这些药根本不管用,而且,附近有很多人都生了病,所以我们想请您给她检查一下,然后告诉我们是怎么一回事。 My wife has given her things, you know, like people do, but it don't do no good. And there's been a lot of sickness around. So we tho't you'd better look her over and tell us what is the matter. 像医生们经常做的那样,我问了个问题,想以此来猜测一下病症所在。 As doctors often do I took a trial shot at it as a point of departure. Has she had a sore throat? 父母两人一起回答说,没有……没有,她说她的嗓子不疼。 Both parents answered me together, No…No, she says her throat don't hurt her. 你嗓子疼吗?母亲又问了一下孩子。 Does your throat hurt you? Added the mother to the child. 女孩的表情没有任何变化,而她的目光却一直没有从我的脸上移开。 But the little girl's expression didn't change nor did she move her eyes from my face. 你看过她的嗓子了吗? Have you looked? 我想看,孩子的母亲说,但看不见。 I tried to, said the mother but II couldn't see. 这个月碰巧她上学的那个学校已经有好几例白喉病。虽然到目前为止没有人说出这件事,但很显然,我们心里都想到了。 As it happens we had been having a number of cases of diphtheria in the school to which this child went during that month and we were all, quite apparently, thinking of that, though no one had as yet spoken of the thing. 好了,我说,我们先看看嗓子吧。 Well, I said, suppose we take a look at the throat first. 我以医生特有的职业方式微笑着,叫着孩子的名字。我说,来吧,玛蒂尔达,张开嘴,让我看一下你的嗓子。 I smiled in my best professional manner and asking for the child's first name I said, come on, Mathilda, open your mouth and let's take a look at your throat. 没有任何反应。 Nothing doing. 哦,来吧,我劝道,张大你的嘴,让我看看。看,我说着把两只手伸开,我的手里没有东西,张大嘴,让我看看。 Aw, come on, I coaxed, just open your mouth wide and let me take a look. Look, I said opening both hands wide, I haven't anything in my hands. Just open up and let me see. 他是一个多好的人呀,她的母亲插话道。你看他对你多好呀,来,听话。他不会伤害你的。 Such a nice man, put in the mother. Look how kind he is to you. Come on, do what he tells you to. He won't hurt you. 听到这里我狠狠地咬了咬牙,要是他们没用“伤害”这个词,我也许能做点什么,但是我没有着急或恼怒,而是慢声细语地说着话,一边再次靠近这个孩子。 As that I ground my teeth in disgust. If only they wouldn't use the word “hurt” I might be able to get somewhere. But I did not allow myself to be hurried or disturbed but speaking quietly and slowly I approached the child again. 我刚将椅子拉近一点,突然,她像猫一样双手本能地朝我的两眼抓去,我差一点被她抓到。 As I moved my chair a little nearer suddenly with one catlike movement both her hands clawed instinctively for my eyes and she almost reached them too. 好在她只是打掉了我的眼镜,虽然眼镜没有碎,但已落到了离我几英尺远的厨房地板上。 In fact she knocked my glasses flying and they fell, though unbroken, several feet away from me on the kitchen floor. 父母两人都非常尴尬,充满歉意,你这个坏孩子,母亲一边说,一边抓着她,并摇晃着她的一只手,你看看你做的事。这么一个好人。 Both the mother and father almost turned themselves inside out in embarrassment and apology. You bad girl, said the mother, taking her and shaking here by one arm. Look what you've done. The nice man… 看在上帝的份上,我打断了她的话,请不要再在她面前说我是一个好人。 For heaven's sake, I broke in. Don't call me a nice man to her. 我来是看看她的嗓子,也许她患了白喉,而且很可能会死于这种病。 I'm here to look at her throat on the chance that she might have diphtheria and possibly die of it. 但这一切她都不在乎,看这儿,我对女孩说,我们想看看你的嗓子,你不小了,应该明白我说的话,你是自己张开嘴呢,还是我们帮你张开? But that's nothing to her. Look here, I said to the child, we're going to look at your throat. You're old enough to understand what I'm saying. Will you open it now by yourself or shall we have to open it for you? 她仍然一动不动,甚至连表情都没有任何变化。 Not a move. Even her expression hadn't changed. 但是她的呼吸却越来越急促。 Her breaths, however, were coming faster and faster. 接着一场战役开始了,我不得不这样做。 Then the battle began. I had to do it. 由于她的自我保护,我必须检查一下她的嗓子。 I had to have a throat culture for her own protection. 可是我首先告诉家长这完全取决于他们。 But first I told the parents that it was entirely up to them. 我说明了其危险性,但同时提出只要他们承担责任我就不会坚持做这次喉咙检查。 I explained the danger but said that I would not insist on a throat examination so long as they would take the responsibility. 如果你不按大夫说的去做,你就要去医院了,母亲严厉地警告她。 If you don't do what the doctor says you'll have to go to the hospital, the mother admonished her severely. 是吗?我只好暗自笑了笑。毕竟我已经喜欢上了这个野蛮的小东西,但却看不起这对父母。 Oh yeah? I had to smile to myself. After all, I had already fallen in love with the savage brat, the parents were contemptible to me. 在接下来的“战斗”中他们越来越难堪,被摧垮了,直至精疲力竭。而这个女孩由于恐惧,她对我的抗拒达到了惊人的地步。 In the ensuing struggle they grew more and more abject, crushed, exhausted while she surely rose to magnificent heights of insane fury of effort bred of her terror of me. 父亲尽了的努力,他块头很大,然而事实上他面对着的是他的女儿,由于对她的所作所为感到愧疚和担心伤到她,他每次在我几乎就要成功了的关键时刻放开了她,我真恨不得杀了他。 The father tried his best, and he was a big man but the fact that she was his daughter, his shame at her behavior and his dread of hurting her made him release her just at the critical times when I had almost achieved success, till I wanted to kill him. 可是,因为又担心她真会患上白喉,尽管他自己就快昏到了,他又告诉我继续,继续,而她的母亲在我们的身后走来走去,忧愁万分地抖着双手。 But his dread also that she might have diphtheria made him tell me to go on, go on though he himself was almost fainting, while the mother moved back and forth behind us raising and lowering her hands in an agony of apprehension. 把她放在你的大腿上,我命令道,抓住她的两个手腕。 Put her in front of you on your lap, I ordered, and hold both her wrists. 然而他刚一动手,女孩就尖叫了一声。 But as soon as he did the child let out a scream. 别这样,你会弄疼我的。 Don't, you're hurting me. 放开我的手,放手,我告诉你。 Let go of my hands. Let them go I tell you. 接着她发出可怕的歇斯底里的尖叫,住手!住手!你会弄死我的! Then she shrieked terrifyingly, hysterically. Stop it! Stop it! You're killing me! 你觉得她受得了吗?医生!她母亲说。 Do you think she can stand it, doctor! Said the mother. 你出去,丈夫对他的妻子说,你想让她死于白喉吗? You get out, said the hu******************and to his wife. Do you want her to die of diphtheria? 来吧,抓住她,我说道。 Come on now, hold her, I said. 接着我用左手掰住女孩的头,并试图将木制的压舌板伸进她的嘴里。 Then I grasped the child's head with my left hand and tried to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth. 她紧咬着牙绝望地反抗着! She fought, with clenched teeth, desperately! 而此时我也变得狂怒了——对一个孩子。 But now I also had grown furious-at a child. 我试图让自己不要发脾气,但却做不到,我知道怎样去检查她的嗓子。 I tried to hold myself down but I couldn't. I know how to expose a throat for inspection. 我尽了的努力。当我终于把木制的压舌板伸到最后一排牙齿的后面时,她张开了嘴,然而只是一瞬间,我还来不及看她又把嘴闭上了,没等我把它取出来,她的臼齿已经紧紧咬住了压舌板,并把压舌板咬成了碎片。 And I did my best. When finally I got the wooden spatula behind the last teeth and just the point of it into the mouth cavity, she opened up for an instant but before I could see anything she came down again and gripped the wooden blade between her molars. She reduces it to splinters before I could get it out again. 你不害臊吗?妈妈朝她大声训斥道。你在大夫面前这样不觉得害臊吗? Aren't you ashamed, the mother yelled at her. Aren't you ashamed to act like that in front of the doctor? 给我拿一把平柄的勺子什么的,我对母亲说。 Get me a smooth-handled spoon of some sort, I told the mother. 我们还要接着做下去。 We're going through with this. 孩子的嘴已经流血了。 The child's mouth was already bleeding. 她的舌头破了,还在歇斯底里地大叫着。 Her tongue was cut and she was screaming in wild hysterical shrieks. 也许我应该停下来,过一个多小时再回来无疑这样会好一些。 Perhaps I should have desisted and come back in an hour or more. No doubt it would have been better. 但我已经看到至少两个孩子因为这种情况而被疏忽了,躺在床上死去,我感到我必须现在进行诊断,否则就再没有机会了。 But I have seen at least two children lying dead in bed of neglect in such cases, and feeling that I must get a diagnosis now or never I went at it again. 然而最糟糕的是,我也失去了理智,我本可以在盛怒之下将女孩的嘴扒开来享受其中的快乐,向她发起进攻真是一件乐事,我的脸也因此而发热。 But the worst of it was that I too had got beyond reason. I could have torn the child apart in my own fury and enjoyed it. It was a pleasure to attack her, my face was burning with it. 在这种时候,谁都会叮咛自己,无论这个可恶的小鬼做出任何愚蠢的举动,也要违背她的意愿来保护她。 The damned little brat must be protected against her own idiocy, one says to one's self at such times. 这样做也是为了保护其他孩子,同时这也是一种社会需要,事实也确是如此。 Others must be protected against her. It is a social necessity. And all these things are true. 然而由于释放体内能量的欲望而产生的一种盲目的无法控制的狂怒和一种成年人的羞耻感,使我一直坚持到最后。 But a blind fury,a feeling of adult shame, bred of a longing for muscular release are the operatives. One goes on to the end. 在最后失去理性的“战斗”中,我控制了女孩的脖子和下巴,我强行将沉重的银勺从她的牙后面伸到嗓子直到她作呕。 In the final unreasoning assault I overpowered the child's neck any jaws. I forced the heavy silver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged. 果然,两个扁桃体上有着一层膜状物。她勇敢地反抗就是为了不让我发现她的这个秘密,她至少隐瞒了3天嗓子疼,并对父母撒谎,都是为了逃避这样一个结果。 And there it was – both tonsils covered with membrane. She had fought valiantly to keep me from knowing her secret. She had been hiding that sore throat for three days at least and lying to her parents in order to escape just such an outcome as this. 现在,她真的狂怒了,在这以前她一直处于守势,但是现在她开始进攻了。 Now truly she was furious. She had been on the defensive before but now she attacked, Tried to get off her father's lap and fly at me while tears of defeat blinded her eye.

自考高级英语翻译下册

英语自考本科的开考科目因所在省份及主考院校的不同也有所不同,下面为您列出山东大学英语自考本科段的所有课目以及教材,供您参考:

自考本科:

参考资料:百度百科词条(自考本科网页链接)

英语自考本科的开考科目因所在省份及主考院校的不同也有所不同,以山东大学为例英语自考本科段的所有课程,供参考:

1.口译与听力课程代码:00602学分:6

2.马克思主义基本原理概论课程代码:03709学分:4

3.中国近现代史纲要课程代码:03708学分:2

4.第二外语(日语)山东课程代码:sd00840学分:6

5.英语词汇学课程代码:00832学分:4

6.英语语法课程代码:00831学分:4

7.现代语言学课程代码:00830学分:4

8.英美文学选读课程代码:00604学分:6

9.英语写作课程代码:00603学分:4

10.高级英语课程代码:00600学分:12

11.英语翻译课程代码:00087学分:6

专业代码:01C1502专业名称:英语(本科)课程代码 课程名称 教材名称 出版社 版本 作者 00087 英语翻译 英汉翻译教程 外语教学与研究出版社 1999年版 庄绎传 00600 高级英语 高级英语(上下册) 外语教学与研究出版社 2000年版 王家湘 张中载 00603 英语写作 英语写作 辽宁大学出版社 1999年版 杨俊峰 00604 英美文学选读 英美文学选读 外语教学与研究出版社 1999年版 张伯香 00795 综合英语(二) 综合英语(二)(上下册) 外语教学与研究出版社 2000年版 徐克容 00831 英语语法 现代英语语法 外语教学与研究出版社 2000年版 李基安 00832 英语词汇学 英语词汇学 外语教学与研究出版社 1999年版 张维友 00839 第二外语(俄语) 大学俄语简明教程 高等教育出版社 1995年版 张宝岑 钱晓惠 00840 第二外语(日语) 初级日语(第一、二册)\初级日语教与学 北京大学出版社 2006年版\2007年版 赵华敏 00841 第二外语(法语) 简明法语教程(上 下册) 商务印书馆 1990/1年版 孙 辉 00842 第二外语(德语) 新编大学德语(1,2册) 外语教学与研究出版社 2002年版 朱建华 03708 中国近现代史纲要 中国近现代史纲要 (出版社待定) 2008年版 王顺生 李 捷 03709 马克思主义基本原理概论 马克思主义基本原理概论 (出版社待定) 2008年版 卫兴华 赵家祥 10014 水平考试(二)(笔试) 水平考试(二)自学辅导 航空工业出版社 2006年版 余志远 10015 水平考试(二)(听力) 英语听力上、下册 外语教学与研究出版社 1999年版 何其莘 王 敏 金利民 夏玉和 10016 水平考试(二)(口语) 英语口语自学教程(上下) 外语教学与研究出版社 95年版(上)96年版(下) 余志远 10017 欧洲文化入门 欧洲文化入门 外语教学与研究出版社 1992年版 王佐良 祝珏 李品伟 高厚 10064 口译与听力(口译部分) 现代汉译英口译教程 外语教学与研究出版社 2004年版 吴 冰 10065 口译与听力(听力部分) 英语高级听力 外语教学与研究出版社 1992年版 何其莘 王 敏 金利民 俞 涓

你可以试着考吉林大学的商务英语专业~吉林大学是211工程的院校~楼主可以加老师的百度HI,详细给你讲解~

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