搜外语下载中心 上面四级六级雅思托福考研 商务英语资料非常全面都是免费下载的望采纳~
简单的讲就是：与商务有关的英语 + 基本的商务知识。现在的实际是：与产品出口有关的英语 + 基本的商务知识。一、从课程方面来看主要的课程：英语函电、国际商务英语、国际贸易实务、经贸资刊等。二、实际学习的重点内容：（1）与出口业务有关的过程，包括：询盘，还盘，磋商和签定合同（英文），制作：装箱单，发票，理解：保险单，提单等。（2）常见的国际贸易形式，如：代理，投标，拍卖和电子商务等。（3）熟悉出口业务中，常见的词汇。如：B/L,L/C,Inquiry。（4）能用英文交流，明白其中所涉及的英文含义，其中包括，邮件、电话、面对面等多种方式。推荐学习enging电话英语，上述内容都会轻松掌握。简而言之，通过学习商务英语，能熟练运用英语进行与出口业务有关的工作。
国际贸易专业的吧~商务英语要平时就记~重点抓名词解释和简答~你要把书看明白~就算一个单词一个汉字最起码要把书看一遍
建议你报班去学习吧！自己复习总是有漏洞的，还容易懈怠，报一个复习班会好点吧……
经贸英语实用版a minimum living standard system 最低生活保障系统Account 帐户Accounting equation 会计等式Accounting system 会计系统All Risks 一切险American Accounting Association 美国会计协会American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会Articulation 勾稽关系Assets 资产Audit 审计bad account 坏帐Balance sheet 资产负债表bear market 熊市blank endorsed 空白背书Bookkeepking 簿记bull market 牛市Business entity 企业个体Capital stock 股本cargo receipt 承运货物收据Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测catalogue 商品目录Certificate in Internal Auditing内部审计证书Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书Certificate Public Accountant 注册会计师China Securities Regulatory Commission 中国证监会China's "Big Four" commercial banks中国四大商业银行close-ended fund 封闭式基金commission 佣金consignee 收货人Corporation 公司Cost accounting 成本会计cost and freightCFR 成本加运费价格cost insurance and freightCIF 成本加运保费Cost principle 成本原则Creditor 债权人cut a melon 分红dead account 呆帐Deflation 通货紧缩delivery 交货Disclosure 批露dividend，bonus stock 股息，红利downturn 低迷时期endorsed 背书enforce stockholding system 实行股份制Expenses 费用export department 出口部External users 外部使用者F.P.A.(Free from Particular Average) 平安险F.W.R.D.(Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险face value 面值fees－for－tax reFORM 费改税Financial accounting 财务会计Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会Financial activities 筹资活动Financial forecast 财务预测Financial statement 财务报表foreign exchange reservers 外汇储备futures market 期货市场Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则General-purpose inFORMation 通用目的信息genetically－modified products 基因改良产品Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设Government Accounting Office govern会计办公室Hook Damage 钩损险import department 进口部Income statement 损益表income tax 所得税indicative price 参考价格Inflation 通货膨涨Inquiry 询盘Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会Institute of Management Accountants管理会计师协会Integrity 整合性Internal auditing 内部审计Internal control structure 内部控制结构Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署Internal users 内部使用者Investing activities 投资活动knowledge-based economy 知识经济labour-intensive economy 劳动密集型经济Liabilities 负债（M0）money in circulation 流通中的现金（M1） narrow money 狭义货币（M2） broad money 广义货币Management accounting 管理会计marine bills of lading 海运提单national bonds 国债nationalize；nationalization 国有化Negative cash flow 负现金流量non-perFORMing loan 不良贷款non-work income 非劳动收入notify 被通知人open-ended fund 开放式基金Operating activities 经营活动order 订货outstanding of deposits 存款余额Owner's equity 所有者权益partial shipment 分批装运Partnership 合伙企业Positive cash flow 正现金流量press conference 记者招待会price list 价目表privatize；privatization 私有化proactive fiscal measures 积极的财政政策promote independent decision－making by state－owned enterprises 提高企业自主权public relations department公关部publicly owned economy 公有经济recession 衰退时期rectify the market order 整顿市场秩序reduce state's stake in listed companies 国有股减持restraint of trade 贸易管制Retained earning 留存利润Return of investment 投资回报Return on investment 投资报酬Revenue 收入Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险Risk of Leakage 渗漏险Risk of odor 串味险Risk of Rust 锈蚀险sales terms and conditions销售条件Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会shareholding system; joint-stock system 股份制shipping order 托运单Shortage Risk 短缺险Sole proprietorship 独资企业Solvency 清偿能力specification 规格Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设state stock reduction 国有股减持Statement of cash flow 现金流量表Statement of financial position 财务状况表steady monetary policies 稳健的货币政策Stockholders 股东Stockholders' equity 股东权益streghten the government's macro - regulatory functions 加强govern宏观调控作用Strikes Risk 罢工险T.P.N.D.( Theft,Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险Tax accounting 税务会计technology-intensive economy 技术密集型经济the Dow Jones industrial average 道琼斯工业平均指数the first majority shareholder 第一大股东the Hang Seng index 恒生指数thin trade 交易薄弱to become the majority shareholder/to take a controlling stake 控股to expand domestic demand 扩大内需value-added tax 增值税W.A./W.P.A(With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险War Risk 战争险Window dressing 门面粉饰year-on-year 与去年同期数字相比的 股息，红利 dividend or bonus stock国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP产值 output value鼓励 give incentive to投入 input宏观控制 exercise macro-control优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure输入活力 bring vigor into改善经济环境 improve economic environment整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation非公有成分 non-public sectors主要成分 dominant sector实在的 tangible全体会议 plenary session解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley举措 move实事求是 seek truth from facts引进、输入 importation和平演变 peaceful evolution试一下 have a go (at sth.)精华、精粹、实质 quintessence家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system搞活企业 invigorate enterprises商品经济 commodity economy基石 cornerstone零售 retail发电量 electric energy production有色金属 nonferrous metals人均收入 per capita income使负担 be saddled with营业发达的公司 going concerns被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business善于接受的 receptive增额、增值、增长 increment发展过快 excessive growth抽样调查 data from the sample survey扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded)实际增长率 actual growth rate国际收支 international balance of payments流通制度 circulation system总工资 total wages分配形式 FORMs of distribution风险资金 risk funds管理不善 poor management一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points各尽所能，按劳/需分配。from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.经济结构改革。reFORM in economic structure剩余劳动力。surplus labor经营机制operative mechanism发挥市场的调节作用to give play to the regulatory role of the market经济和law的杠杆economic and legal leverages经济计划和市场调节相结合to combine economic planning with market regulation计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation取消国家对农产品的统购统销to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products改革重点转移到城市the focus of reFORM is shifted to the cities国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people;it is the leading force in the national economy.国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.农业 farming林业 forestry畜牧业 animal husbandry副业 sideline production渔业 fishing第一产业 primary industry第二产业 secondary industry第三产业 tertiary industry生产资料 means of production生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence生产关系 relations of production生产力 productive forces公有制 public ownership私有制 private ownership全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise合资企业 joint venture合作企业 cooperative enterprise独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise世界贸易组织 World Trade Organization中国人民银行 People's Bank of China信息产业部 Ministry of InFORMation Industry国家发展计划委员会 State Development Planning Commission贷款无力偿还 loan defaults一、对外贸易与外贸关系Foreign Trade & Foreign Trade Relationship（一） They mainly trade with Japanese firms.他们主要和日本商行进行贸易。For the past five years, we have done a lot of trade with your company.在过去的五年中，我们与贵国进行了大量的贸易。Our trade is conducted on the basis of equality.我们是在平等的基础上进行贸易。There has been a slowdown in the wool trade with you.和你们的羊毛贸易已有所减少。Our foreign trade is continuously expanding.我们的对外贸易不断发展。Trade in leather has gone up (down) 3%.皮革贸易上升（下降）了百分之三。Trade in general is improving.贸易情况正在好转。Our company mainly trades in arts and crafts.我们公司主要经营手工艺品。They are well-known in trade circles.他们在贸易界很有名望。We trade with people in all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.我们在平等互利的基础上和各国人民进行贸易。To respect the local custom of the buying country is one important aspect of China's foreign policy.尊重买方国家的风俗习惯是我国贸易政策的一个重要方面。Our purpose is to explore the possibilities of developing trade with you.我们的目的是和你们探讨一下发展贸易的可能性。Words and Phrasesforeign trade 对外贸易overseas trade 海外贸易international trade 国际贸易to trade with 和...进行贸易to do business in a moderate way 做生意稳重to do business in a sincere way 做生意诚恳to make a deal 做一笔交易deal 交易，经营，处理，与...交往to deal in 经营，做生意to explore the possibilities of 探讨...的可能性trade circles 贸易界to handle 经营某商品to trade in 经营某商品business scope/frame 经营范围trading firm/house 贸易行，商行（二）Can we do a barter trade?咱们能不能做一笔易货贸易呢？Is it still a direct barter trade?这还算是一种直接的易货贸易吗？If you agree to our proposal of a barter trade, we'll give you paper in exchange for your timber.如果你方同意我们进行易货贸易的建议，我们将用纸与你们交换木材。Shall we sign a triangle trade agreement?我们订一个三角贸易协议好吗？A triangle trade can be carried out among the three of us.我们三方可进行三角贸易。Compensation trade is, in fact, a kind of loan.补偿贸易实际上是一种信贷。We may agree to do processing trade with you.我们同意与你们进行来料加工贸易。If you're interested in leasing trade, please let us know.如果你们有意做租赁贸易，请告诉我们。We wonder whether you do counter trade.我们不知道你们是否做抵偿贸易。Words and Phrasestrade by commodities 商品贸易visible trade 有形贸易invisible trade 无形贸易barter trade 易货贸易bilateral trade 双边贸易triangle trade 三角贸易multilateral trade 多边贸易counter trade 对销贸易；抵偿贸易counter purchase 互购贸易buy-back 回购贸易compensation trade 补偿贸易processing trade 来料加工贸易assembling trade 来料装配贸易leasing trade 租赁贸易in exchange for 用...交换...trade agreement 贸易协议（三）We want to develop direct contact with Continental buyers for ourselves.我们想为自己的公司同欧洲大陆的买主建立起直接的联系。We see that your firm specializes in Light Industrial Goods, and we are willing to establish business relationship with you.得知贵公司专门经营轻工业品，我们愿意与贵公司建立业务关系。We are one of the largest importers of Electric Goods in this city, and we wish to establish business relationship with you.我们是此地最大的电器进口商之一，愿意与你们建立业务关系。We are willing to enter into business relationship with your company on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.我们愿在平等互利的基础上与贵公司建立业务关系。Our two countries have had trade relations for ten years.我们两国之间已经有了10年的贸易关系。We've never had any difficulties with our Chinese partners,and we'd like to make as many new contacts as we can.和中国同行共事从来没有什么困难，希望今后我们之间尽可能多地建立新的关系。We have made a very good start in our business with Japan.我们和日本在业务上有了良好的开端。Our company is thinking of expanding its business relationship with China.我公司想扩大与中国的贸易关系。As is known, we set great store by the trade relationship with the third world countries.众所周知，我们十分重视同第三世界国家的贸易关系。We look forward to reactivating our business relationship.我们盼望我们的业务关系重新活跃起来。We shall welcome a chance to renew our friendly relationship.很高兴能有机会来恢复我们的友好关系。We'll try our best to widen our business relationship with you.我们将尽力扩大同你们的贸易关系。We're writing you in order to establish business relationship.我们写此信是为了与你方建立业务关系。The arrangement will contribute to cement our pleasant relationship.此项安排将有助于巩固我们良好的关系。We're willing to restore our business relationship.我们希望能恢复贸易关系。It will be advantageous if steps are taken to resume our business relationship on the basis of mutual benefit.如果我们采取措施在互利的基础上恢复业务关系，对我们都是有利的。The depressed market results in the stagnation of trade.市场萧条导致贸易停滞。We have been doing quite well in our business, we are willing to open an account with you.我们的生意一直做得不错，希望能与你们建立帐户往来关系。Words and Phrasesbusiness association 业务联系，交往business connection 业务联系close relationship 密切的关系closer ties 更密切的关系to establish(enter into, set up)business relationship 建立业务关系to continue business relationship 继续业务关系to present business relationship 保持业务关系to improve business relationship 改善业务关系to promote business relationship 促进业务关系to speed up business relationship 加快业务关系的发展to enlarge (widen) business relationship 扩大业务关系to restore (resume) business relationship 恢复业务关系to interrupt business relationship 中断业务关系to cement business relationship 巩固业务关系（四）When could you introduce me to your sister company?什么时候把贵公司的兄弟公司介绍给我们？Would you please introduce us to some of the most reliable exporters of Chinese handicrafts?请向我们推荐一些最可靠的中国手工艺品出口商，可以吗？If you are interested in dealing, with us in other products of our company, please inform us of your requirements as well as your banker's name and address.如果你们有意经营我公司其他产品，请告知你方要求及往来银行的名称和地址。Because of the rapid development of our business in Asia, we think it's necessary to open a branch at the following address.鉴于我们在亚洲地区业务的迅速发展，有必要在下列地点设立分公司。We've often expressed our interest in investing in China.我们一直对在中国投资很感兴趣。Our abundant resources and stable policy provide foreigners with the advantages they invest here.我们丰富的资源和稳定的政策为外商投资提供了有利条件。Thank you for your manner of business cooperation.我们对你们的合作态度非常满意。We have been working on expanding our scope of cooperation with China.我们一直努力设法扩大与中国的合作范围。We believe in long-term cooperation with China because we view the future as bright.我们相信与中国长期合作的前途是光明的。Words and Phrasestrade prospects/outlook 贸易前景trade cooperation 贸易合作technological cooperation 技术合作business cooperation 业务合作cooperative relationship 合作关系the scope of cooperation 合作范围Additional Words and Phrasestrade fair 贸易展销会trade show 贸易展览trade agreement 贸易协议to establish arrangement 达成协议to reach an agreement 达成协议trade terms/clause 贸易条款trade balance 贸易平衡to conclude a business transaction 达成贸易交易to work with 与...共事business activities 经济活动business house 商行；商号trading department/mechanics 贸易机构trade association 贸易协会the foreign trade department 对外贸易部门C.C.P.I.T.( China Council for the Promotion of International Trade)中国国际贸易促进会Commercial Counselor's Office中国使馆的商务处Chamber of Commerce 商会trading partnership 经营合伙人foreign trade personnel 外贸工作者trading center 贸易中心trading market 贸易市场tradesman/trade peoples 商人，零售商
I. 外汇与汇率通汇合约 Agency Agreement通汇银行 Correspondent Bank商业汇票 Commercial Bill of Exchange银行支票 Banker’s Check国外汇票 Foreign Bill of Exchange关键货币 Key Currency汇率 Exchange Rate直接标价法 Direct Quotation间接标价法 Indirect Quotation汇价点 Point买入汇率 Buying Rate卖出汇率 Selling Rate中间汇率 Medial Rate现钞汇率 Bank Note Rate即期汇率 Spot Rate远期汇率 Forward Rate基本汇率 Basic Rate套算汇率 Cross Rate固定汇率 Fixed Rate浮动汇率 Floating Rate可调整的钉住 Adjustable Peg单一汇率 Single Rate复汇率 Multiple Rate贸易汇率 Commercial Rate金融汇率 Financial Rate交叉汇率 Cross Rate远期差额 Forward Margin升水 Premium贴水 Discount平价 At Par固定汇率制度 Fixed Exchange Rate System金本位 Gold Standard纸币 Paper Money贴现率 Discount Rate 浮动汇率制度 Floating Exchange Rate System自由浮动汇率 Freely Floating Exchange Rate管理浮动汇率 Managed Floating Exchange Rate单独浮动汇率 Single Floating Exchange Rate联合浮动汇率 Joint Floating Exchange Rate钉住汇率制 Pegged Exchange Rate区域性货币一体化 Regional Monetary Integration欧洲货币体系 European Monetary System (EMS)欧洲货币单位 Eutopean Currency Unit (ECU)欧洲货币联盟 European Monetary Union含金量 Gold Content铸币平价 Mint Par黄金输送点 Gold Point官方储备 Official Reserve外汇管制 Foreign Exchange ControlII.外汇交易即期外汇交易 Spot Exchange Transaction远期外汇交易 Forward Exchange Transaction交割日固定的远期外汇交易 Fixed Maturity Forward Transaction选择交割日的远期交易(择期交易) Optional Forward Transaction掉期交易 Swap即期对远期掉期 Spot-Forward Swap即期对即期掉期 Spot-Spot Swap远期对远期掉期 Forward-Forward Swap地点套汇 Space Arbitrage直接套汇(两角套汇) Direct Arbitrage (Two Points Arbitrage)间接套汇(三角套汇) Indirect Arbitrage (Three Points Arbitrage)时间套汇 Time Arbitrage现代套汇交易 Cash Against Currency Future套利 Interest Arbitrage非抵补套利 Uncovered Arbitrage非抵补利差 Uncovered Interest Differential抵补套利 Covered Arbitrage期货 Futures期货交易 Futures Transaction国际货币市场 International Monetary Market (IMM)伦敦国际金融期货交易所 London International Financial Futures Exchange (LIFFE)“逐日盯市”制度 Market-to-Market期权 Options外汇期权 Foreign Currency Options协议价格 Strike Price敲定价格 Exercise Price期权费/权力金 Premium期权到期日 Expiration Date美式期权 American Options欧式期权 European Options看涨期权(买权,买入期权) Call Options期权买方 Call Buyer期权卖方Call Seller/Writer看跌期权(卖权,卖出期权) Put Options期权协议价格 Strike Price敲定价格(履约价格) Exercise Price期权费(期权权利金,保险费) Premium期权保证金 Margins期权内在价值 Intrinsic value价内期权 In the Money价外期权 Out of the Money平价期权 At the Money期权时间价值 Time value易变性 VolatilityIII.国际收支国际收支 Balance of Payments国际货币基金组织 International Monetary Fund国际收支平衡 Balance of Payments Statement经常项目 Current Account贸易收支 Goods劳务收支 Service单方面转移收支 Unilateral Transfer资本项目 Capital Account长期资本 Direct Investment热钱/游资 Hot Money平衡项目(储备项目/结算项目) Balancing or Settlement Account官方储备 Official Reserves自主性交易 Autonomous Transaction调节性交易 Accommodating Transaction事前交易 Ex-ante Transaction事后交易 Ex-post Transaction国际收支顺差 Balance of Payments Surplus国际收支逆差 Balance of Paymentd Deficit贸易差额 Trade Balance经常项目差额 The Current Account BalanceIV.外汇风险管理外汇风险 foreign Exchange Exposure获得利益 Gain遭受损失 Loss交易风险 Transaction Exposure营业风险 Operation Exposure转换风险 Translation Exposure经济风险 Economic Exposure竞争风险 Competitive Exposure借款法 Borrowing投资法 Investing借款-即期合同-投资法 Borrow-Spot-Invest提前收付-即期合同-投资法 Lead-Spot-Invest提前或延期结汇 Leads & Lags资产负债表保值法 Balance Sheet Hedge资金部主管 Treasury Head首席交易员 Chief Dealer交易主任 Senior Dealer交易员 Dealer助理交易员 Assistant Dealer当日平盘 Day Trade隔夜敞口 Over Night交易单 Dealing Slip交易后线 Settlement Office汇付 Remittance电汇 Telegraphic Transfer,T/T信汇 Mail Transfer,M/T票汇 Demand Draft,D/D托收 Collection光票托收 Clean Collection跟单托收 Documentary Collection付款交单 Documents against Payment,D/P承兑交单 documents against Acceptance,D/A信托收据 Trust Receipt,T/P信用证 Credit;Letter of Credit,L/C银行保函 Letter of Guarantee,L/G即期保函统一规则 Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantee投标保函 Tender Guarantee履约保函 Performance Guarantee退款保函 Guarantee for Refund of Advance Payment定金 Down Payment还款保函 Repayment Guarantee保留款保函 Retention Money GuaranteeV.国际融资方式商业票据 Commercial Paper (CP)短期国库券 Treasury Bill (T. Bill/Bill)出价收益率(买入收益率) Bid Yield要价收益率(卖出收益率) Asked Yield大额可转让定期存单 Negotiable Certificate of Deposit (CD)息票率 Coupon Rate贴现Discount贴现利息 Discount Charges贴现市场Discount Market票据经纪人 Bill Broker贴现商 Bill Dealer票据商 Note Dealer贴现公司 Discount Houses承兑公司 Acceptance Houses平价发行 At Par溢价发行 At Premium低价发行 At Discount外国债券 Foreign Bond扬基债券 Yankee Bond欧洲债券 Eurobond股票 Stock普通股 Common Share优先股 Preferred Share证券存托凭证 Depositary Receipt (DR)美国存托凭证 American Depositary Receipt (ADR)全球存托凭证 Global Depositary Receipt (GDR)VI.国际储备与外债国际储备 International Reserves黄金储备 Monetary Gold外汇储备 Foreign Exchange Reserves特别提款权 Special Draw Right, SDRVII.国际信货储备部分贷款 Reserve Tranche第一档信货部分贷款 First Credit Tranche高档信货部分贷款 Higher Credit Tranche出口波动补偿信贷Compensatory Financing Facility缓冲库存贷款 Buffer Stock Finacing石油贷款 Oil Facility中期贷款 Extended Facility信托基金Trust Fund补充贷款 Supp;ementary维特芬贷款 The Witteveen Facility扩大贷款 Enlarged Access Policy世界银行 World Bank国际复兴开发银行 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development,IBRD国际开发协会 International Development Association,IDA信贷 Credit国际金融公司 International Finance Corporation,IFC政府贷款 Government Loan银行间同业拆借 Inter-bank Offer伦敦银行同业拆放利率 London Inter-Bank Offered Rate,LIBOR新加坡银行间同业拆放利率 Singapore Inter-Bank Offered Rate,SIBOR香港银行间同业拆放利率 Hongkong Inter-Bank Offered Rate,HIBOR出口信贷 Export Credit卖方信贷 Supplier Credit买方信贷 Buyer Credit中长期票据收买业务(福费廷) Forfiting卖断 Out-right Sell混合贷款 Mixed LoanVIII.国际金融市场货币市场 Currency Market国际资本市场 International Capital Market银行中长期贷款 Bank’s Medium Term and Long Term Loan国际黄金市场Gold MarketⅨ.国际金融电子化银行自动柜员机 Automatic Teller Machine, ATM在线网络金融服务 Online Financial Services销售点终端 Point of Sales, POS电子货币 Electronic Money万事达信用卡 Master Card电子信用卡 Electronic Credit Card电子钱夹 Electronic Purse智能卡 Intellectual Card, IC卡电子支票 Electronic Check电子现金 Electronic Cash, E-cash电子钱包 Electronic Wallet环球银行间金融电讯系统 the Society for World Interbank Financial Telecommunications, SWIFT美国纽约票据交换所银行间支付系统 the Clearing House Interbank Payments System, CHIPS伦敦票据交换所自动支付系统 the Clearing House Automated Payments System.CHAPS电子商务 Electronic Commerce,EC网络银行 Internet Bank现金管理系统 Cash Management System,CMS增值网 value Added Networks, VAN自动付费系统 automated Payment System, APSCA中心网站 Certificate Authority, CA中心商户对顾客商务模式 Business to Customer, B-C商户对商户商务模式 business to Business, B-B网上投资 Online InvestmentAAA服务 Anytime Anywhere Anyway(任何时间,任何地方,任何方式)三中卡的缩写 Europay、Mondexcard、Visa，EMV96SET协议 Secure Electronic Transaction
备考BEC必背商务英语词汇
BEC，指的是剑桥商务英语资格考试;剑桥系列考试中专为学习者提供的国际商务英语资格证书考试，考察真实工作环境中英语交流能力。下面是我整理的商务英语词汇，希望能帮到大家!
petty cash n. 零用现金
phase out n. 分阶段停止使用
pick v. 提取生产用零部件或给顾客发货 picking list n. 用于择取生产或运输订货的表格 pie chart n. 饼形图 pilot n. 小规模试验 pipeline n. 管道，渠道
plant capacity n. 生产规模，生产能力 plot v. 标绘，策划
plough back n. 将获利进行再投资 point of sale (POS) n. 销售点 policy n. 政策，规定, 保险单
portfolio n. (投资)组合 portfolio management n. 组合证券管理 post n. 邮件，邮局;职位 position n. 职位
potential n. 潜在力，潜势 power n. 能力
purchasing power 购买力
PR=Public Relations 公共关系
preference shares n. 优先股 price n. 价格
market price 市场价，市价 retail price 零售价
probation n. 试用期 product n. 产品
production cycle n. 生产周期 production schedule n. 生产计划 product life cycle n. 产品生命周期
product mix n.产品组合(种类和数量的组合) productive adj. 生产的，多产的 profile n. 简介形象特征 profit n. 利润 operating profit n. 营业利润 profit and loss account n. 损益账户 project v. 预测 promote v . 推销 promotion n. 提升，升级 proposal n. 建议，计划 prospect n. 预期，展望
prospectus n. 计划书，说明书 prosperity n. 繁荣，兴隆 prototype n. 原型，样品 publicity n. 引起公众注意 public adj. 公众的，公开的 go public 上市
public sector 公有企业 publicity n. 公开场合，名声，宣传 publics n.公众，(有共同兴趣的)人或社会人士punctual adj. 准时的 punctuality n. 准时
purchase v. & n. 购买
purchaser n. 买主，采购人 QC(=Quality Circle) n. 质检人员 qualify v. 有资格，胜任
qualified adj. 有资格的，胜任的，合格的 qualification n. 资格，资格证明 quality n. 质量
quality assurance n. 质量保证 quality control 质量控制，质量管理
quarterly adj./adv. 季度的，按季度 questionnaire n. 调查表，问卷 quote n. 报价，股票牌价 quotation n. 报价，股票牌价
R&D Research and Development 研究与开发 radically adv. 根本地，彻底地
raise n.(美)增薪v.增加，提高;提出，引起 range n. 系列产品 rank n./v. 排名 rapport n. 密切的关系，轻松愉快的气氛 rate n. 比率，费用 fixed rate 固定费用，固定汇率 going rate 现行利率，现行汇率 rating 评定结果 ratio n. 比率 rationalize v. 使更有效，使更合理 raw adj. 原料状态的，未加工的
raw material n. 原材料 receive v. 得到 receipt n. 收据 receiver n. 接管人，清算人 accounts receivable 应收帐
receivership n. 破产管理 recession n. 萧条 reckon v. 估算，认为
recognize v. 承认 reconcile v. 使……相吻合，核对，调和 recoup v. 扣除，赔偿 recover v. 重新获得，恢复
recovery n. 重获，恢复 recruit v. 招聘，征募 n. 新招收的人员 recruitment n. 新成员的吸收 red n. 红色 in the red 赤字，负债
reduce v. 减少 reduction n. 减少 redundant adj. 过多的，被解雇的 redundancy n. 裁员，解雇 reference n. 参考，参考资料
reference number (Ref. No.) 产品的参考号码 refund n./v. 归还，偿还 region n. 地区
reimburse v. 偿还，报销
reject n./v. 拒绝 reliability n. 可靠性
relief n. 减轻，解除，救济 relocate v. 调动，重新安置 remuneration n. 酬报，酬金 rent v. 租 n. 租金
rep (代表)的缩写 report to v. 低于(某人)，隶属，从属 reposition v. (为商品)重新定位 represent v. 代表，代理 representative n. 代理人，代表 reputation n. 名声，声望
reputable adj. 名声/名誉好的 reserves n. 储量金，准备金 resign v. 放弃，辞去 resignation n. 辞职 resistance n. 阻力，抵触情绪 respond v. 回答，答复 response n. 回答，答复 restore v. 恢复
result/results n. 结果，效果 retail n./v. 零售 retailer n. 零售商 retained earnings n. 留存收益 retire v. 退休 retirement n. 退休
return n. 投资报酬
return on investment (ROI) n. 投资收入， 投资报酬 revenue n. 岁入，税收 review v./n. 检查 reward n./v. 报答，报酬，奖赏 rework v. (因劣质而)重作 risk capital n. 风险资本 rival n. 竞争者，对手 adj.竞争的 rocket v. 急速上升，直线上升，飞升 ROI Return on Investment 投资利润 roughly adv. 粗略地 round adj. 整数表示的，大约 round trip 往返的`行程
royalty n. 特许权，专利权税 run v. 管理，经营 running adj. 运转的 sack v. 解雇 sales force 销售人员 sample n. 样品v. 试验;抽样检验 saturation n. (市场的)饱和(状态) saturate v. 饱和 save v. 节省，储蓄 savings n. 存款
scale n. 刻度，层次 scapegoat n. 替罪羊
scare adj. 缺乏的，不足的 scrap n. 废料或废品 seasonal adj. 季节性的
section n. 部门 sector n. 部门 securities n. 债券及有价证券 segment n. 部分v. 将市场划分成不同的部分 segmentation n. 将市场划分成不同的部门 semi-skilled adj. 半熟练的 settle v. 解决，决定 settlement n. 解决，清偿，支付 service n. 服务，帮佣 services n. 专业服务 settle v. 安排，支付 set up v. 创立 share n. 股份
shareholder n. 股东
shelf-life n. 货架期(商品可以陈列在货架上的时间
shift n. 轮班
showroom n. 陈列室
simulation n. 模拟 shop n. 商店
closed shop 限制行业(只允许本工会会员)open shop 开放行业(非会员可从事的工作)shop steward 工会管事 shop floor 生产场所
shortlist n.供最后选择的候选人名单v. 把……列入最后的候选人名单 sick leave 病假
sick note 病假条 sick pay 病假工资
skilled employee n. 熟练工人
skimming n. 高额定价，撇奶油式定价
slogan n. 销售口号 slump n. 暴跌
a slump in sales 销售暴跌 soft-sell n.劝诱销售(术)，软销售(手段) software n. 软件
sole adj. 仅有的，单独的
sole distributor 独家分销商 solvent adj. 有偿付能力的 sourcing n. 得到供货 spare part n. 零部件 specification n. 产品说明 split v. 分离
spokesman n. 发言人
sponsor n. 赞助者(为了商品的广告宣传) spread n. (股票买价和卖价的)差额 stable adj. 稳定的 staff n. 职员
stag n. 投机认股者v. 炒买炒卖 stagnant adj. 停滞的，萧条的 statute n. 成文法 statutory adj. 法定的 steadily adv. 稳定地，平稳地 stock n. 库存，股票 stock exchange n. 证券交易所
stockbroker n. 股票经纪人 stock controller 库房管理者 storage n. 贮藏，库存量
strategy n. 战略 streamline v. 精简机构，提高效率 stress n. 压力，紧迫 strike n. 罢工 structure n. 结构，设备
subcontract v. 分包(工程项目)，转包 subordinate n. 下级adj.下级的 subscribe v. 认购 subsidiary n. 子公司
subsidize v. 补贴，资助 subsidy n. 补助金
substantially adv. 大量地，大幅度地 summarize v. 概括，总结 superior n. 上级，长官 supervisor n. 监督人，管理人 supervisory adj. 监督的，管理的 supply n./v. 供给，提供 survey n 调查
我就是国际贸易专业的自考，已经毕业了，《国际商务英语》把单词短语都记下，关键熟悉题型，例如名词解释，考题都是用英语来解释的，所以专业术语单词一定要弄清楚，多动笔写，模拟题的答案格式要记住，先熟悉一下理念的考题和答案，你就知道重点在哪里了，我当时一次就过了75分，《涉外经济法》不太好考，内容多，看一遍书，做题不漏，记忆性的都系比较多，根据你的记忆特点来学这门课吧，我考了两次才过，《外刊经贸知识选读》把文章看过一遍，不会的单词都查一遍，能看懂意思，会做阅读理解就可以了，这个不难，我一次就过了分还挺高，《外贸英语写作》这个比较难，把书看完其实感觉写作起来也没提高很多，应该多注意细节吧，然后多练，我当时考了60过的，考了2次。
国际贸易专业的吧~商务英语要平时就记~重点抓名词解释和简答~你要把书看明白~就算一个单词一个汉字最起码要把书看一遍
在复习过程中，寻求知识中的要点，抓住要点也就抓住了问题的主干。如复习课文时，就可以把重点词、每段的关键句、承上启下的过渡句等用醒目的颜色标上记号，使这些词句作为记忆的支撑点，抓住几个关键词句，也就抓住了整篇课文的内容；
建议你报班去学习吧！自己复习总是有漏洞的，还容易懈怠，报一个复习班会好点吧……
I. 外汇与汇率通汇合约 Agency Agreement通汇银行 Correspondent Bank商业汇票 Commercial Bill of Exchange银行支票 Banker’s Check国外汇票 Foreign Bill of Exchange关键货币 Key Currency汇率 Exchange Rate直接标价法 Direct Quotation间接标价法 Indirect Quotation汇价点 Point买入汇率 Buying Rate卖出汇率 Selling Rate中间汇率 Medial Rate现钞汇率 Bank Note Rate即期汇率 Spot Rate远期汇率 Forward Rate基本汇率 Basic Rate套算汇率 Cross Rate固定汇率 Fixed Rate浮动汇率 Floating Rate可调整的钉住 Adjustable Peg单一汇率 Single Rate复汇率 Multiple Rate贸易汇率 Commercial Rate金融汇率 Financial Rate交叉汇率 Cross Rate远期差额 Forward Margin升水 Premium贴水 Discount平价 At Par固定汇率制度 Fixed Exchange Rate System金本位 Gold Standard纸币 Paper Money贴现率 Discount Rate 浮动汇率制度 Floating Exchange Rate System自由浮动汇率 Freely Floating Exchange Rate管理浮动汇率 Managed Floating Exchange Rate单独浮动汇率 Single Floating Exchange Rate联合浮动汇率 Joint Floating Exchange Rate钉住汇率制 Pegged Exchange Rate区域性货币一体化 Regional Monetary Integration欧洲货币体系 European Monetary System (EMS)欧洲货币单位 Eutopean Currency Unit (ECU)欧洲货币联盟 European Monetary Union含金量 Gold Content铸币平价 Mint Par黄金输送点 Gold Point官方储备 Official Reserve外汇管制 Foreign Exchange ControlII.外汇交易即期外汇交易 Spot Exchange Transaction远期外汇交易 Forward Exchange Transaction交割日固定的远期外汇交易 Fixed Maturity Forward Transaction选择交割日的远期交易(择期交易) Optional Forward Transaction掉期交易 Swap即期对远期掉期 Spot-Forward Swap即期对即期掉期 Spot-Spot Swap远期对远期掉期 Forward-Forward Swap地点套汇 Space Arbitrage直接套汇(两角套汇) Direct Arbitrage (Two Points Arbitrage)间接套汇(三角套汇) Indirect Arbitrage (Three Points Arbitrage)时间套汇 Time Arbitrage现代套汇交易 Cash Against Currency Future套利 Interest Arbitrage非抵补套利 Uncovered Arbitrage非抵补利差 Uncovered Interest Differential抵补套利 Covered Arbitrage期货 Futures期货交易 Futures Transaction国际货币市场 International Monetary Market (IMM)伦敦国际金融期货交易所 London International Financial Futures Exchange (LIFFE)“逐日盯市”制度 Market-to-Market期权 Options外汇期权 Foreign Currency Options协议价格 Strike Price敲定价格 Exercise Price期权费/权力金 Premium期权到期日 Expiration Date美式期权 American Options欧式期权 European Options看涨期权(买权,买入期权) Call Options期权买方 Call Buyer期权卖方Call Seller/Writer看跌期权(卖权,卖出期权) Put Options期权协议价格 Strike Price敲定价格(履约价格) Exercise Price期权费(期权权利金,保险费) Premium期权保证金 Margins期权内在价值 Intrinsic value价内期权 In the Money价外期权 Out of the Money平价期权 At the Money期权时间价值 Time value易变性 VolatilityIII.国际收支国际收支 Balance of Payments国际货币基金组织 International Monetary Fund国际收支平衡 Balance of Payments Statement经常项目 Current Account贸易收支 Goods劳务收支 Service单方面转移收支 Unilateral Transfer资本项目 Capital Account长期资本 Direct Investment热钱/游资 Hot Money平衡项目(储备项目/结算项目) Balancing or Settlement Account官方储备 Official Reserves自主性交易 Autonomous Transaction调节性交易 Accommodating Transaction事前交易 Ex-ante Transaction事后交易 Ex-post Transaction国际收支顺差 Balance of Payments Surplus国际收支逆差 Balance of Paymentd Deficit贸易差额 Trade Balance经常项目差额 The Current Account BalanceIV.外汇风险管理外汇风险 foreign Exchange Exposure获得利益 Gain遭受损失 Loss交易风险 Transaction Exposure营业风险 Operation Exposure转换风险 Translation Exposure经济风险 Economic Exposure竞争风险 Competitive Exposure借款法 Borrowing投资法 Investing借款-即期合同-投资法 Borrow-Spot-Invest提前收付-即期合同-投资法 Lead-Spot-Invest提前或延期结汇 Leads & Lags资产负债表保值法 Balance Sheet Hedge资金部主管 Treasury Head首席交易员 Chief Dealer交易主任 Senior Dealer交易员 Dealer助理交易员 Assistant Dealer当日平盘 Day Trade隔夜敞口 Over Night交易单 Dealing Slip交易后线 Settlement Office汇付 Remittance电汇 Telegraphic Transfer,T/T信汇 Mail Transfer,M/T票汇 Demand Draft,D/D托收 Collection光票托收 Clean Collection跟单托收 Documentary Collection付款交单 Documents against Payment,D/P承兑交单 documents against Acceptance,D/A信托收据 Trust Receipt,T/P信用证 Credit;Letter of Credit,L/C银行保函 Letter of Guarantee,L/G即期保函统一规则 Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantee投标保函 Tender Guarantee履约保函 Performance Guarantee退款保函 Guarantee for Refund of Advance Payment定金 Down Payment还款保函 Repayment Guarantee保留款保函 Retention Money GuaranteeV.国际融资方式商业票据 Commercial Paper (CP)短期国库券 Treasury Bill (T. Bill/Bill)出价收益率(买入收益率) Bid Yield要价收益率(卖出收益率) Asked Yield大额可转让定期存单 Negotiable Certificate of Deposit (CD)息票率 Coupon Rate贴现Discount贴现利息 Discount Charges贴现市场Discount Market票据经纪人 Bill Broker贴现商 Bill Dealer票据商 Note Dealer贴现公司 Discount Houses承兑公司 Acceptance Houses平价发行 At Par溢价发行 At Premium低价发行 At Discount外国债券 Foreign Bond扬基债券 Yankee Bond欧洲债券 Eurobond股票 Stock普通股 Common Share优先股 Preferred Share证券存托凭证 Depositary Receipt (DR)美国存托凭证 American Depositary Receipt (ADR)全球存托凭证 Global Depositary Receipt (GDR)VI.国际储备与外债国际储备 International Reserves黄金储备 Monetary Gold外汇储备 Foreign Exchange Reserves特别提款权 Special Draw Right, SDRVII.国际信货储备部分贷款 Reserve Tranche第一档信货部分贷款 First Credit Tranche高档信货部分贷款 Higher Credit Tranche出口波动补偿信贷Compensatory Financing Facility缓冲库存贷款 Buffer Stock Finacing石油贷款 Oil Facility中期贷款 Extended Facility信托基金Trust Fund补充贷款 Supp;ementary维特芬贷款 The Witteveen Facility扩大贷款 Enlarged Access Policy世界银行 World Bank国际复兴开发银行 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development,IBRD国际开发协会 International Development Association,IDA信贷 Credit国际金融公司 International Finance Corporation,IFC政府贷款 Government Loan银行间同业拆借 Inter-bank Offer伦敦银行同业拆放利率 London Inter-Bank Offered Rate,LIBOR新加坡银行间同业拆放利率 Singapore Inter-Bank Offered Rate,SIBOR香港银行间同业拆放利率 Hongkong Inter-Bank Offered Rate,HIBOR出口信贷 Export Credit卖方信贷 Supplier Credit买方信贷 Buyer Credit中长期票据收买业务(福费廷) Forfiting卖断 Out-right Sell混合贷款 Mixed LoanVIII.国际金融市场货币市场 Currency Market国际资本市场 International Capital Market银行中长期贷款 Bank’s Medium Term and Long Term Loan国际黄金市场Gold MarketⅨ.国际金融电子化银行自动柜员机 Automatic Teller Machine, ATM在线网络金融服务 Online Financial Services销售点终端 Point of Sales, POS电子货币 Electronic Money万事达信用卡 Master Card电子信用卡 Electronic Credit Card电子钱夹 Electronic Purse智能卡 Intellectual Card, IC卡电子支票 Electronic Check电子现金 Electronic Cash, E-cash电子钱包 Electronic Wallet环球银行间金融电讯系统 the Society for World Interbank Financial Telecommunications, SWIFT美国纽约票据交换所银行间支付系统 the Clearing House Interbank Payments System, CHIPS伦敦票据交换所自动支付系统 the Clearing House Automated Payments System.CHAPS电子商务 Electronic Commerce,EC网络银行 Internet Bank现金管理系统 Cash Management System,CMS增值网 value Added Networks, VAN自动付费系统 automated Payment System, APSCA中心网站 Certificate Authority, CA中心商户对顾客商务模式 Business to Customer, B-C商户对商户商务模式 business to Business, B-B网上投资 Online InvestmentAAA服务 Anytime Anywhere Anyway(任何时间,任何地方,任何方式)三中卡的缩写 Europay、Mondexcard、Visa，EMV96SET协议 Secure Electronic Transaction
商务英语重点词汇（1） 一、business and businesses商业和公司 A business,company,or firm is an organization that sells goods or services .A business may also be referred to formally as a concern.Business is the production,buying,and selling of goods and services. A business may be referred to approvingly as an enterprise to emphasize its adventurous, risk-taking qualities, and business in general may be referred to in the same way, for example in combinations such as free enterprise and private enterprise. Business is also referred to as commerce. This word, and its related adjective commercial, are often used to distinguish the business sphere from other areas such as government or the arts, or to distinguish it from nonmoney-making activities. 注释： Business 商业；生意；公司 Company 公司；商号 Firm (合伙的)商号；商行 Concern 康采恩（垄断企业形式之一） Commerce 商业； 商务 Commercial 商业的；商务的；商用的 Enterprise 企事业单位 Free Enterprise 自由企业 Private Enterprise 私人企业 二、From multinationals to small firms 从跨国公司到小型企业 Large companies are referred to as corporations, especially in the United States. Corporate is used to describe things relating to a corporation, or to corporations in general, in expressions like the ones in the next exercise. Large companies operating in many countries are multinationals. Big business can refer to large business organizations or to any business activity that makes a lot of money. Small companies are referred to as small businesses or small firms. Unlike some languages, English does not have an everyday term for small and medium-sized companies, apart from this rather clumsy expression. 注释： Corporation 大公司；股份有限公司 Corporate 法人；团体 Multinational 跨国的；多国的 Big business 大型企业；大公司 Small and medium sized companies中小规模的公司 Small business 小公司 Small firm 小公司 三、Industries and sectors 工业及其部门 Businesses may be classified according to which industry they are in: for example construction, oil, banking, food. Sector is sometimes used to mean industry in the same way, particularly by specialists such as financial journalists, but it is more often used to talk about different parts of the economy in combinations such as public sector and private sector, or about types of business in expressions like service sector and manufacturing sector. 注释： Industry 工业；产业 Sector 部门；部分 Public sector 公共部门 Private sector 私营部门 manufacturing sector 制造部门 Service sector 服务部门 四、Public sector and private 公共部门和私营部门 When a private company is bought by the state and brought into the public sector, it is nationalized in a process of nationalization. A nationalized company is state-owned. When the state returns a company to the private sector in a sell-off, it is privatized. This is privatization. The first to be sold off in a privatization program are often the companies responsible for the public supply of electricity, water and gas: the utilities. 注释： Nationalized 国有化的 Nationalization 国有化 Privatized 私有化的 Privatization 私有化 State-owned 国有的 Sell off 廉价出清 Utilities 公用事业；公用事业部门 五、Stakes 份额；股份 If Company A owns shares or equity in Company B, A has or holds a stake, holding or shareholding in B. If A owns less than half the shares in B, it has a minority stake in B. If A owns more than half the shares in B, it has a majority stake or controlling stake in B. If you have shares in a company you are a shareholder. 注释： Shares/stake 份额；股份 Equity 股份；产权；普通股票 Holding 持有；股票额 Shareholding 持有股票数 Shareholder 股东 Hold a stake 持有份额 Majority stake 大股东（50%以上） Controlling stake 大股东 Minority stake 小股东 原作者： MBA100
必背商务英语词汇
商务英语具有针对性，都是围绕着商务活动的，下面是我整理的商务英语必背词汇，欢迎大家阅读!
Gains from trade 贸易利得
自愿贸易所增加的福利总额。等于消费者剩余与生产者剩余之和。
Galloping inflation 急剧的通货膨胀
见通货膨胀(inflation)。
Game theory 博弈论
关于至少存在部分利益冲突的两个或多个决策者所处情况的分析。除用于罢工等讨价还价的情况，以及比赛和战争等冲突的情况之外，还可以用于寡头垄断市场互动的分析。
General-equilibrium analysis 一般均衡分析
经济整体均衡状态的分析，此时所有的商品和服务市场都同时处于均衡。相应的局部均衡分析(partial-equilibrium analysis)，仅研究单个市场的均衡。
GDP deflator GDP紧缩指数
GDP的"价格"。该价格指数用于衡量GDP各组成部分相对于基年的平均价格。
GDP gap GDP缺口
潜在GDP与实际GDP的差额或缺口。
GNP 国民生产总值
见国民生产总值(gross national product)
Gold standard 金本位制
指这样一种制度：一国(1)宣布其货币单位与一定重量的黄金等价;(2)持有黄金储备，并根据所宣布的价格自由买卖黄金;(3)对黄金的进出口不加任何限制。
Government debt 政府债务
以债券和短期借款形式存在的政府债务总额。除由准政府机构(如中央银行)持有的债券以外，政府债务一般由公众持有。
Government expenditure multiplier 政府支出增量
政府采购等支出每增加一美元所引起的GDP的增量。
Graduated income tax 累进所得税
见个人所得税(income tax，personal)。
Gresham`s Law 格雷欣法则
由托马斯•格雷欣爵士(Sir Thomas Gresham，英国伊莉莎白女王一世的顾问)首次提出，他在1558年发表的"劣币驱逐良币"这一见解认为：当公众对货币供给的某一部分怀有疑虑时，他们会将"良币"(good money)窖藏起来，并试图将"劣币"(bad money)转让给他人。
Gross domestic product, nominal(or nominal GDP)名义国内生产总值(或名义GDP)
按当前市场价格计算的一国一年内所生产的全部最终产出的价值。
Gross domestic product, real 实际国内生产总值(实际GDP)
考虑通货膨胀因素并加以扣除的GDP，也即，实际GDP一名义GDP除以GDP紧缩指数。
Gross national product, nominal 名义国民生产总值(或名义GNP)
根据当前市场价格计算的一国利用其要素所生产的全部最终产品和服务的价值。
Gross national product, real 实际国民生产总值(实际GNP)
考虑到通货膨胀因素并加以扣除的GNP，也即，实际GNP一名义GNP除以GNP紧缩指数。
Growth accounting 增长核算
估计不同要素对经济增长的贡献程度的分析技术。借助边际生产率理论，增长核算将产出增长的源泉分解为劳动、土地、资本、教育、技术知识和其他多种因素。
Hedging 套期保值
借助对冲交易回避风险的投资技术。例如，若某农场所种的小麦在秋季收获，则农场主可以在春季或夏季先行出售与产出等量的小麦，从而抵消价格波动的风险。或曰，实现套期保值。
High-powered money 高能货币
见基础货币(monetary base)。
Horizontal equity VS. vertical equity 横向平等与纵向平等
横向平等指的是：对境况类似的人给予平等或公平的待遇，强调的是基本情况相同的人应得到相同的待遇。纵向平等指的是：对境况不同的人应给予平等的待遇。
Final goods 最终产品
旨在最终使用而非转卖或进一步加工的商品。(参见"中间产品"，intermediate goods)
Financial economics 金融经济学
经济学的一个分支。分析理性投资者如何通过最有效的方式使用资金和进行投资以期达到目标。
Financial intermediary 金融中介
接受储蓄存款并将其出借给借款者的机构。包括存款机构(如商业银行和储蓄银行)和非存款机构(如货币市场共同基金、经纪人商行、保险公司或养老基金)。
Firm(business firm)厂商
(企业)经济体系中基本的私人生产单位。它雇用劳动，购买其他投入品，以制造和销售商品。
Fiscal-monetary mix 财政-货币政策组合
用以干预宏观经济活动的财政政策和货币政策的组合。紧缩的货币政策和宽松的财政政策，倾向于鼓励消费和抑制投资。而宽松的货币政策和紧缩的财政政策，则具有相反的功效。
Fiscal policy 财政政策
一种政府计划。内容包括：(1)商品和服务的购买及转移支付等支出;(2)税收的数量和种类。
Fiscal cost 固定成本
见固定成本(cost，fixed)。
Fixed exchange rate 固定汇率
见外汇汇率(foreign exchange rate)。
Flexible exchange rates 弹性汇率制
一种国际汇率制度。在该制度条件下，汇率主要由市场力量(即供给和需求)决定，政府不设定及维持某种特定的汇率。有时也称作"浮动汇率制"(floating exchange rates)。当政府对外汇市场不加干预时，该制度称为纯粹的浮动汇率制。
Floating exchange rates 浮动汇率制
见弹性汇率制(flexible exchange rates)。
Flow VS. stock 流量与存量
流量是指，带有时间跨度或曰在一个时段上所累积变动的.量(好比通过一个河段的水流)。存量则指，在某一个时点上某一变量的量值(如同湖中所盛的水)。收人代表每一年的美元流入数，因此是一个流量。而到1998年12月为止某人的财富则是一个存量。
Foreign exchange 外汇
各国用以偿付对他国所欠债务的通货(或其他金融票据)。
Foreign exchange market 外汇市场
不同国家的通货进行交易的市场。
Foreign exchange rate 外汇汇率
一国通货与他国通货的交换比率或曰价格。例如，如果你可以用1美元购买19德国马克，那么马克的汇率就是19。如果一国通货钉住某一汇率水平，并准备随时捍卫这一汇率，则称该国实行的是固定汇率制(fixed exchange rate)。而由市场供求力量来决定的汇率称为弹性汇率制(flexible exchange rates)。
Four firm concentration rate 四企业集中度
见集中度(concentration ratio)。
Fractional-reserve banking 部分准备金
银行制度现代银行体系的一种管制形式。依法要求有关金融机构将其所吸收的存款的一定比例，以中央银行存款(或库存现金)的形式留作准备金。
Free goods 免费品
不属于经济品(economic goods)的物品。如空气或海水，它们大量存在于全世界，无需在需求者中间进行配给。因此，这些物品的市场价格为零。
Free trade 自由贸易
政府不采用关税、配额或其他形式来干预国际贸易的政策。
Frictional unemployment 磨擦性失业
由个别市场变化所引起的暂时性失业。例如，无经验的工人需要花费时间比较和选择不同的工作机会;甚至有经验的工人往往也需花费少量时间进行工作转换。磨擦性失业有别于周期性失业(cyclical unemployment)，后者是在工资和价格呈粘性的条件下，由于总需求水平的低下而造成的。
Full employment 充分就业
一个有多重含义的术语。历史上曾被用于描述不存在(或仅存在最少量)非自愿失业情况下的就业水平。今天，经济学家用最低可持续失业率[lowest sustainable rate of unemployment(LSUR)]概念来描述可以长期持续的最高的就业水平。
国际商务英语短语词组
“商务英语”是商务和英语的结合，英语的语言水平是基本的要求。为了帮助大家，我整理了商务英语短语词组，希望能帮到大家!
商务英语词汇【1】
1. a change of pace 节奏变换
You can’t do these chemistry experiments all day long. You certainly need a change of pace.
2. a far cry from 相距甚远
The published book is far cry from the early manuscript.
3. and how 的确
A: She’s a good dancer.
B: and how.
4. a matter of time 时间问题
It is only a matter of time.
5. a phone call away 一个电话之远，愿意过来帮忙
If you need my help. do let me know. Just remember I am a phone call away.
6. a while back 不久以前
We had a good rain a while back,but we need more now.
7. all along 一直
I knew it all along.
8. anything but 绝对不
I was anything but happy about going.
9. account for 解释
How do you account for it?
10. after all 到底
A: I’ve just seen the X-rays and your teeth look just fine.
B: I see. Then there is nothing to worry about after all.
商务英语词汇【2】
1. allergic to 对……过敏
Oh man! Something in this room is making my eyes itch, I must be allergic to something.
2. at sb’s service 愿为某人服务
I am at your service at any time.
3. around the clock 24小时不停
Martha studied around the clock for management exam.
4. as far as I know 就我所知
As far as I know, we will have a test next Monday.
5. at home with 对…..很熟悉
She is at home with problems like this.
6. back out
1) 退出
A: Wasn’t Bert supposed to sing tonight?
B: Yes. but he backed out at last minute
2) 不履行
She finally backed out of her promise.
7. be cut out for 天生适合
I’m not cut out to be a hero.
8. be absorbed in 沉浸在……
She has been absorbed in a horror fiction. I can’t tear her away.
9. be addicted to 对……上瘾
She has been addicted to drugs for years.
10. be attached to 对……有感情
A: I’m amazed that you are still driving that old car of yours. I thought you would have gotten rid of it years ago.
B: It runs well and I’ve actually been quite attached to it.
商务英语词汇【3】
1. back up
1) 累积
The subway is running behind schedule. and traffic is backed up for blocks. I don’t know if we’ll make the 6:30 show.
2) 支持
I’ll back it up.
2. be bound for 到……地方
The bus is bound for New England.
3. be (feel) myself 找到自我
I’m feeling myself again.
4. be burned up 生气
She was really burned up at the news.
5. be hard up for 缺少
I’m hard up for clothes, but I have a lot of books.
6. be head and shoulders above 好许多
In calculus. Joe is head and shoulders above his classmates.
7. be in the dark 蒙在鼓里
A: Do you have any idea what his notice is about?
B: I’m as in the dark as you are.
8. be stuck 卡住了
I can’t get this window open. It’s stuck.
9. bite off more than one can chew 贪多嚼不烂
A: I hear you’re taking an advanced physics course this semester.
B: I think I’ve bitten off more than I can chew.
10. break new ground 有了新的突破
His architectural design broke new ground in the field.
商务英语词汇【4】
1. benefit concert 慈善音乐会
We need to let everyone know about the benefit concert, but we don’t have much money for advertising.
2. busy signal 占线
I’ve been calling David for the past half hour, but I keep getting a busy signal.
3.between you and me 你我之间，保密
Between you and me, I think he’s rather disloyal.
4. call for
A.打电话找
Tom just called for you.
B.预报
The forecast calls for heavy rain again tonight. Aren’t you glad we’ll be getting away from this for a week?
C.问
It’s probably in the new part of town. We’ll have to call for directions.
5. call it a day 就此结束
A: I’m really glad our club decides to raise money for the children’s hospital and most of the people we’ve phoned seemed happy to contribute.
B: Yeah. I agree. Now we’ve gone through all the numbers on our list now, so I guess we can call it a day.
6. cash the check 兑现支票
Have your sister cashed her paycheck?
7. clear off 收拾，整理
It’s about time we clear off the desk.
8. come down (雨，雪)下起来
The heavy rain is coming down. now.
9. come in first 比赛第一名
He came in first in the 100-metre dash.
商务英语词汇【5】
1. get on one’s nerve 招惹某人神经了
A: Why did you come to the meeting late? I left a message with your roommate about the time change.
B: She has a very short memory and it really gets on my nerve sometimes.
2. get started on 开始做
We should get started on the project.
3. get time off from work 从工作中抽时间
Oh. so she was able to get time off from the work.
4. give credibility to 相信
A: did you hear about Jim?
B: I wouldn’t give that rumor any credibility.
5. go easy on 温和对待
Well. since it’s your first and only ticket. the judge will probably go easy on you.
6. go in one ear and out the other 一耳朵进，一耳朵出
Well. you know Mike. everything’s in one ear and out the other.
7. go jogging 去跑步
Are you ready to go jogging?
8. go to one’s head 某人自负
A: Have you noticed how John’s changed since he became student government president?
B: I think the whole thing has gone to his head. and he used to be so sociable and open.
9. got the time 几点了
A: Got the time?
B: It’s a little after ten.
商务英语词汇【6】
1. graduation announcements 毕业典礼请柬
Have you ordered your graduation announcements?
2. graon about 抱怨
How come Michael’s always groaning about something?
3. guest lecturer 客座教授
The only person who understood the guest lecturer was the professor.
4. hand-me-down 送的东西
A: What a gorgeous jacket. It must have cost a fortune.
B: Not at all. It’s a hand-me-down.
5. hand down 易如反掌
Lee won the chess match hands down.
6. have a way with 擅长
Bonnie really has a way with words.
7. have had it with 处于
I’ve had it with being sick in bed. I’ve read most of these magazines twice.
8. head and shoulders above 高出许多
In computer programming. Susan is head and shoulders above the rest of us.
9. hit the spots 特别好
This lemonade sure hits the spots.
10. hold the grudge 记仇
A: I wish I hadn’t hurt Mary’s feelings like that. You know I never meant to.
B: The great thing about Mary is that she doesn’t hold the grudge.
商务英语词汇【7】
1. I have seen worse 我见过更糟的'
I have never seen a worse case of mouth disease.
2. in advance 提前
It’s a really nice apartment. But the owners want two-month rent in advance and I just don ’t have it.
3. in case 万一
Let’s take our suits along in case the sun comes out.
4. in next to no time 马上
A: Are you going to be using the copying machine long?
B: I’ll be through in next to no time.
5. in the red 赤字
Jack often runs his father’s company in the red.
6. in the works 正在准备阶段
An advanced course in theoretical chemistry is the works.
7. keep to oneself 只有自己知道
But one tried to put a good face on it and keep them to oneself.
8. kill time 浪费时间
Gosh. what can we do to kill the next 10 hours?
9. leave…up to somebody 把……留给某人
We’ll have to leave the decision up to him.
商务英语词汇【8】
1. letter of recommendation 推荐信
I think I deserve a letter of recommendation.
2. look on the bright sides of things 看事物的光明面
Don’t be worried, you should always look on the bright side of things.
3. no kidding 不是开玩笑吧
No kidding! He was only getting at you.
4. on the tip of one’s tongue 就在舌尖
A: Are you sure you can’t remember the name of that record?
B: It’s just on the tip of my tongue!
5. quitting time 下课时间
I’m glad it’s almost quitting time.
6. take it over 重修
Don failed physics and had to take it over.
7. than necessary 比应该的要冷
The lab was cooler than necessary.
8. That’s easer said than done. 说来容易做来难
We talk about reducing our costs, but it’s easier said than done.
9. There is nothing to it. 没什么，很容易
I can run this projector. There’s really nothing to it.
10. with flying colors 成功
A: How did Ellen do on her American History exam?
B: She passed with flying colors.
11. You can bet your life 当然
A: Will Prof. Smith come to class on time?
B: You can bet your life.
I. 外汇与汇率通汇合约 Agency Agreement通汇银行 Correspondent Bank商业汇票 Commercial Bill of Exchange银行支票 Banker’s Check国外汇票 Foreign Bill of Exchange关键货币 Key Currency汇率 Exchange Rate直接标价法 Direct Quotation间接标价法 Indirect Quotation汇价点 Point买入汇率 Buying Rate卖出汇率 Selling Rate中间汇率 Medial Rate现钞汇率 Bank Note Rate即期汇率 Spot Rate远期汇率 Forward Rate基本汇率 Basic Rate套算汇率 Cross Rate固定汇率 Fixed Rate浮动汇率 Floating Rate可调整的钉住 Adjustable Peg单一汇率 Single Rate复汇率 Multiple Rate贸易汇率 Commercial Rate金融汇率 Financial Rate交叉汇率 Cross Rate远期差额 Forward Margin升水 Premium贴水 Discount平价 At Par固定汇率制度 Fixed Exchange Rate System金本位 Gold Standard纸币 Paper Money贴现率 Discount Rate 浮动汇率制度 Floating Exchange Rate System自由浮动汇率 Freely Floating Exchange Rate管理浮动汇率 Managed Floating Exchange Rate单独浮动汇率 Single Floating Exchange Rate联合浮动汇率 Joint Floating Exchange Rate钉住汇率制 Pegged Exchange Rate区域性货币一体化 Regional Monetary Integration欧洲货币体系 European Monetary System (EMS)欧洲货币单位 Eutopean Currency Unit (ECU)欧洲货币联盟 European Monetary Union含金量 Gold Content铸币平价 Mint Par黄金输送点 Gold Point官方储备 Official Reserve外汇管制 Foreign Exchange ControlII.外汇交易即期外汇交易 Spot Exchange Transaction远期外汇交易 Forward Exchange Transaction交割日固定的远期外汇交易 Fixed Maturity Forward Transaction选择交割日的远期交易(择期交易) Optional Forward Transaction掉期交易 Swap即期对远期掉期 Spot-Forward Swap即期对即期掉期 Spot-Spot Swap远期对远期掉期 Forward-Forward Swap地点套汇 Space Arbitrage直接套汇(两角套汇) Direct Arbitrage (Two Points Arbitrage)间接套汇(三角套汇) Indirect Arbitrage (Three Points Arbitrage)时间套汇 Time Arbitrage现代套汇交易 Cash Against Currency Future套利 Interest Arbitrage非抵补套利 Uncovered Arbitrage非抵补利差 Uncovered Interest Differential抵补套利 Covered Arbitrage期货 Futures期货交易 Futures Transaction国际货币市场 International Monetary Market (IMM)伦敦国际金融期货交易所 London International Financial Futures Exchange (LIFFE)“逐日盯市”制度 Market-to-Market期权 Options外汇期权 Foreign Currency Options协议价格 Strike Price敲定价格 Exercise Price期权费/权力金 Premium期权到期日 Expiration Date美式期权 American Options欧式期权 European Options看涨期权(买权,买入期权) Call Options期权买方 Call Buyer期权卖方Call Seller/Writer看跌期权(卖权,卖出期权) Put Options期权协议价格 Strike Price敲定价格(履约价格) Exercise Price期权费(期权权利金,保险费) Premium期权保证金 Margins期权内在价值 Intrinsic value价内期权 In the Money价外期权 Out of the Money平价期权 At the Money期权时间价值 Time value易变性 VolatilityIII.国际收支国际收支 Balance of Payments国际货币基金组织 International Monetary Fund国际收支平衡 Balance of Payments Statement经常项目 Current Account贸易收支 Goods劳务收支 Service单方面转移收支 Unilateral Transfer资本项目 Capital Account长期资本 Direct Investment热钱/游资 Hot Money平衡项目(储备项目/结算项目) Balancing or Settlement Account官方储备 Official Reserves自主性交易 Autonomous Transaction调节性交易 Accommodating Transaction事前交易 Ex-ante Transaction事后交易 Ex-post Transaction国际收支顺差 Balance of Payments Surplus国际收支逆差 Balance of Paymentd Deficit贸易差额 Trade Balance经常项目差额 The Current Account BalanceIV.外汇风险管理外汇风险 foreign Exchange Exposure获得利益 Gain遭受损失 Loss交易风险 Transaction Exposure营业风险 Operation Exposure转换风险 Translation Exposure经济风险 Economic Exposure竞争风险 Competitive Exposure借款法 Borrowing投资法 Investing借款-即期合同-投资法 Borrow-Spot-Invest提前收付-即期合同-投资法 Lead-Spot-Invest提前或延期结汇 Leads & Lags资产负债表保值法 Balance Sheet Hedge资金部主管 Treasury Head首席交易员 Chief Dealer交易主任 Senior Dealer交易员 Dealer助理交易员 Assistant Dealer当日平盘 Day Trade隔夜敞口 Over Night交易单 Dealing Slip交易后线 Settlement Office汇付 Remittance电汇 Telegraphic Transfer,T/T信汇 Mail Transfer,M/T票汇 Demand Draft,D/D托收 Collection光票托收 Clean Collection跟单托收 Documentary Collection付款交单 Documents against Payment,D/P承兑交单 documents against Acceptance,D/A信托收据 Trust Receipt,T/P信用证 Credit;Letter of Credit,L/C银行保函 Letter of Guarantee,L/G即期保函统一规则 Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantee投标保函 Tender Guarantee履约保函 Performance Guarantee退款保函 Guarantee for Refund of Advance Payment定金 Down Payment还款保函 Repayment Guarantee保留款保函 Retention Money GuaranteeV.国际融资方式商业票据 Commercial Paper (CP)短期国库券 Treasury Bill (T. Bill/Bill)出价收益率(买入收益率) Bid Yield要价收益率(卖出收益率) Asked Yield大额可转让定期存单 Negotiable Certificate of Deposit (CD)息票率 Coupon Rate贴现Discount贴现利息 Discount Charges贴现市场Discount Market票据经纪人 Bill Broker贴现商 Bill Dealer票据商 Note Dealer贴现公司 Discount Houses承兑公司 Acceptance Houses平价发行 At Par溢价发行 At Premium低价发行 At Discount外国债券 Foreign Bond扬基债券 Yankee Bond欧洲债券 Eurobond股票 Stock普通股 Common Share优先股 Preferred Share证券存托凭证 Depositary Receipt (DR)美国存托凭证 American Depositary Receipt (ADR)全球存托凭证 Global Depositary Receipt (GDR)VI.国际储备与外债国际储备 International Reserves黄金储备 Monetary Gold外汇储备 Foreign Exchange Reserves特别提款权 Special Draw Right, SDRVII.国际信货储备部分贷款 Reserve Tranche第一档信货部分贷款 First Credit Tranche高档信货部分贷款 Higher Credit Tranche出口波动补偿信贷Compensatory Financing Facility缓冲库存贷款 Buffer Stock Finacing石油贷款 Oil Facility中期贷款 Extended Facility信托基金Trust Fund补充贷款 Supp;ementary维特芬贷款 The Witteveen Facility扩大贷款 Enlarged Access Policy世界银行 World Bank国际复兴开发银行 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development,IBRD国际开发协会 International Development Association,IDA信贷 Credit国际金融公司 International Finance Corporation,IFC政府贷款 Government Loan银行间同业拆借 Inter-bank Offer伦敦银行同业拆放利率 London Inter-Bank Offered Rate,LIBOR新加坡银行间同业拆放利率 Singapore Inter-Bank Offered Rate,SIBOR香港银行间同业拆放利率 Hongkong Inter-Bank Offered Rate,HIBOR出口信贷 Export Credit卖方信贷 Supplier Credit买方信贷 Buyer Credit中长期票据收买业务(福费廷) Forfiting卖断 Out-right Sell混合贷款 Mixed LoanVIII.国际金融市场货币市场 Currency Market国际资本市场 International Capital Market银行中长期贷款 Bank’s Medium Term and Long Term Loan国际黄金市场Gold MarketⅨ.国际金融电子化银行自动柜员机 Automatic Teller Machine, ATM在线网络金融服务 Online Financial Services销售点终端 Point of Sales, POS电子货币 Electronic Money万事达信用卡 Master Card电子信用卡 Electronic Credit Card电子钱夹 Electronic Purse智能卡 Intellectual Card, IC卡电子支票 Electronic Check电子现金 Electronic Cash, E-cash电子钱包 Electronic Wallet环球银行间金融电讯系统 the Society for World Interbank Financial Telecommunications, SWIFT美国纽约票据交换所银行间支付系统 the Clearing House Interbank Payments System, CHIPS伦敦票据交换所自动支付系统 the Clearing House Automated Payments System.CHAPS电子商务 Electronic Commerce,EC网络银行 Internet Bank现金管理系统 Cash Management System,CMS增值网 value Added Networks, VAN自动付费系统 automated Payment System, APSCA中心网站 Certificate Authority, CA中心商户对顾客商务模式 Business to Customer, B-C商户对商户商务模式 business to Business, B-B网上投资 Online InvestmentAAA服务 Anytime Anywhere Anyway(任何时间,任何地方,任何方式)三中卡的缩写 Europay、Mondexcard、Visa，EMV96SET协议 Secure Electronic Transaction
商务英语重点词汇（1） 一、business and businesses商业和公司 A business,company,or firm is an organization that sells goods or services .A business may also be referred to formally as a concern.Business is the production,buying,and selling of goods and services. A business may be referred to approvingly as an enterprise to emphasize its adventurous, risk-taking qualities, and business in general may be referred to in the same way, for example in combinations such as free enterprise and private enterprise. Business is also referred to as commerce. This word, and its related adjective commercial, are often used to distinguish the business sphere from other areas such as government or the arts, or to distinguish it from nonmoney-making activities. 注释： Business 商业；生意；公司 Company 公司；商号 Firm (合伙的)商号；商行 Concern 康采恩（垄断企业形式之一） Commerce 商业； 商务 Commercial 商业的；商务的；商用的 Enterprise 企事业单位 Free Enterprise 自由企业 Private Enterprise 私人企业 二、From multinationals to small firms 从跨国公司到小型企业 Large companies are referred to as corporations, especially in the United States. Corporate is used to describe things relating to a corporation, or to corporations in general, in expressions like the ones in the next exercise. Large companies operating in many countries are multinationals. Big business can refer to large business organizations or to any business activity that makes a lot of money. Small companies are referred to as small businesses or small firms. Unlike some languages, English does not have an everyday term for small and medium-sized companies, apart from this rather clumsy expression. 注释： Corporation 大公司；股份有限公司 Corporate 法人；团体 Multinational 跨国的；多国的 Big business 大型企业；大公司 Small and medium sized companies中小规模的公司 Small business 小公司 Small firm 小公司 三、Industries and sectors 工业及其部门 Businesses may be classified according to which industry they are in: for example construction, oil, banking, food. Sector is sometimes used to mean industry in the same way, particularly by specialists such as financial journalists, but it is more often used to talk about different parts of the economy in combinations such as public sector and private sector, or about types of business in expressions like service sector and manufacturing sector. 注释： Industry 工业；产业 Sector 部门；部分 Public sector 公共部门 Private sector 私营部门 manufacturing sector 制造部门 Service sector 服务部门 四、Public sector and private 公共部门和私营部门 When a private company is bought by the state and brought into the public sector, it is nationalized in a process of nationalization. A nationalized company is state-owned. When the state returns a company to the private sector in a sell-off, it is privatized. This is privatization. The first to be sold off in a privatization program are often the companies responsible for the public supply of electricity, water and gas: the utilities. 注释： Nationalized 国有化的 Nationalization 国有化 Privatized 私有化的 Privatization 私有化 State-owned 国有的 Sell off 廉价出清 Utilities 公用事业；公用事业部门 五、Stakes 份额；股份 If Company A owns shares or equity in Company B, A has or holds a stake, holding or shareholding in B. If A owns less than half the shares in B, it has a minority stake in B. If A owns more than half the shares in B, it has a majority stake or controlling stake in B. If you have shares in a company you are a shareholder. 注释： Shares/stake 份额；股份 Equity 股份；产权；普通股票 Holding 持有；股票额 Shareholding 持有股票数 Shareholder 股东 Hold a stake 持有份额 Majority stake 大股东（50%以上） Controlling stake 大股东 Minority stake 小股东 原作者： MBA100