1,Death Be Not Proud by John Donne2,Here death is compared to rest or sleep. 3,Death is but momentary while happiness after death is eternal. But this religious idea is curiously expressed in the author’s supposed dialogue with “death”, as various reasons are given in the poem to argue against the common belief in death as “mighty and dreadful”.
1 Death Be Not Proud by John Donne2 sleep and slave3 don't fear death, it is just like a sleep, it is the slave of fate, chance, kings and men.
自考主要是以书为主的，所以书很重要。
并不全是英文，一些公共课都是中文例如马克思、近代史
并不全是英文，一些公共课都是中文例如马克思、近代史
Chapter 3 The Modern Period Ⅰ。本章学习目的和要求 通过本章的学习，了解20世纪初期至中叶美国现代文学产生 的历史、文化背景，认识该时期文学创作的基本特征、基本主张，及其对当代美国文学发展的影响；了解该时期主要作家的文学生涯、创作意图、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画和语言风格等；同时结合注释，读懂所选作品，了解其思想内容和写作特色，培养理解和欣赏文学作品的能力。 Ⅱ。本章重点及难点 1. 美国现代文学的特征 2. 主要作家的创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画和语言风格 3. 名词解释：“迷惘的一代”，意象派诗歌，象征主义，表现主义，意识流 4. 选读作品的主题结构、艺术特色、人物刻画和语言风格 Ⅲ。 考核知识点和考核要求 （一）现代时期美国文学概述 1. 识记： A.两次世界大战期间美国文学产生的历史及文化背景 （1）两次世界大战 （2）移居国外的美国人 （3）马克思主义理论和弗洛伊德学说 （4）欧洲现代派艺术 B.战后美国文学产生的历史及文化背景 2. 领会： A. 两次世界大战期间的美国文学 （1）诗歌：意象派诗人；象征主义 （2）小说；“迷恫的一代” （3）戏剧：表现主义 B.战后美国文学 （1）诗歌：“垮掉的一代”等 （2）小说：黑人小说、*人小说、实验小说（荒诞派 小说）等 （3）美国现代文学多元化的现象 C.美国现代文学写作手法的创新 3.应用 A.名词解释：“迷惘的一代”，意象派诗歌，象征主义，表现主义，意识流 B.“荒原”意识在美国20世纪文学中的反映 C.分析选读作品的主题结构、艺术特色、人物刻画和语言风格 （二）美国现代时期的主要作家 A.埃兹拉。庞德 1.一般识记：庞德的生平和创作生涯 2.识记：庞德的诗歌 （1）短诗：《地铁站一瞥》 （2）长诗：《诗章》 3. 领会： （1）庞德与意象主义 （2）庞德与中国文化 （3）庞德的诗歌理论及艺术特色 4.应用：《地铁站一瞥》《盟约》《河商的妻子》：主题、意象、语言 B.罗伯特。弗洛斯特 1.一般识记：弗洛斯特的生平及创作生涯 2.识记：弗洛斯特的诗歌：田园诗；自然诗 3.领会： （1）弗洛斯特诗歌的艺术特色 （2）弗洛斯特的诗论 4.应用： （1） 弗洛斯特的自然诗 （2）《摘苹果后》《未选择的路》《雪夜停马在林边》：主题、 象征与比喻、语言 C.尤金。奥尼尔 1.一般识记：奥尼尔的生平及创作生涯 2.识记：奥尼尔的戏剧 （1）早期作品：独幕剧；多幕剧《天外边》 （2）中期作品：《琼斯皇帝》《伟大之神布朗》《毛猿》 ——表现主义和象征主义的力作 （3）后期作品：《直到夜晚的漫长一天》 一 自传体戏剧 剧 3.领会： （1）奥尼尔戏剧的悲观主义和神秘主义色彩 （2）奥尼尔戏剧的艺术特色 4.应用：选读《毛猿》第八场：主题结构、表现主义和象征主义手 法、语言特色 D.司各特。菲兹杰拉德 1.一般识记：菲兹杰拉德的生平及创作生涯 2.识记： （1）菲兹杰拉德与“爵士时代” （2）主要作品：短篇小说集：《爵士时代的故事》 中、长篇小说：《人间天堂》《了不起的盖茨比》《夜色温柔》《最后一个巨头》 3.领会： （1）《了不起的盖茨比》与“美国梦” （2）菲兹杰拉德的小说艺术 4.应用：《了不起的盖茨比》第三章：主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格 E.欧内斯特。海明威 1.一般识记：海明威的生平及创作生涯 2.识记：海明威的主要作品 （1）短篇小说集：《在我们的时代里》-一涅克的故事 （2）长篇小说：《太阳照样升起》《永别了，武器》《丧钟为谁而鸣》《老人与海》 3.领会：海明威与“迷惘的一代” 4.应用： （1）海明威小说的艺术特色：“硬汉”形象、“重压下的风 度”、“冰山”原则等 （2）《在我们的时代里》选篇：主题结构、人物刻画、语言 风格 F.威廉。福克纳 1.一般识记： 福克纳的生平及创作生涯 2.识记： （l）福克纳的主要作品：中、短篇小说：《给艾米莉小姐的玫瑰》《老人》《熊》等；长篇小说：《喧嚣与骚动》 《八月之光》《我弥留之际》《押沙龙，押沙龙！》 （2）福克纳的“约克纳帕塔法”神话王国 3.领会： （1）福克纳小说的艺术特色：“意识流”、“内心独白”、“时序颠倒”、“对位式结构”、“象征隐喻”等 （2）福克纳的文体 （3）福克纳与美国南方文学 4.应用：《给艾米莉小姐的玫瑰》：主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格
百度一下，专门的考试网应该有
哈哈,我考过.一开始头痛,现在是喜欢.和上外的一位学生聊过这本教科书,他觉得最大的收获是里面修饰作者文采的形容词很有使用性.我的外教老师说这本书的难度是属于"TOP"了.所以,如果真的想把英语学好,看熟这本书是绝对有意义的!书里的节选文章中,英国文艺复兴的几篇诗歌有点难,因为有很多的古英语单词,现在很多已经不用了,都成了废词,但还是要求能看懂大致意思的,但好在量不大(和现代英语生词比起来),所以要坚持看完哦.我有一些学习方法,是专门对付考试的,但如果是抱着提高自身的文学修养去看这本书,我建议最好花上整整一年的时间去好好琢磨一下精选文章以及书中的精彩点评,而不是很功利去背诵:1.英美文学中有48位作者和他们将近100篇选读,你要把这48位作者和这些选读作品,一一对号,识记一下,这是最基本的 2.概括作者的写作手法和写作风格,你可以先独立地去认识每一位作家的特点,但不要忘记要总结,哪些作家的风格相似,但区别又在哪里?(历年考卷中都出现过这种题型,而且分值都很大) 3.每一位作者的代表作品的主题,主人公的名字. 4.每一段选读前都有一段小字是简述故事或总结概要的,要熟记(去年的考试里就有考过) 5.选读文章的最后都或多或少有一些文字的注释,最好熟悉一下,因为往年的考题中也有涉及. 6.不要去做所谓的模拟考卷,根本就没有用!因为考试根本就不会出模拟里题.
全部题目用英文作答，请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上 PART ONE (40 POINTS)I. Multiple Choice(40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark your choice and write the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the answer sheet.1. All of Charles Dickens’ works, with the exception of _________, present a criticism of the more complicated and yet most fundamental social institutions and morals of the Victorian England.A. Bleak House B. Hard TimesC. Great ExpectationsD. A Tale of Two Cities2. From ____________ on, the tragic sense becomes the keynote of Thomas Hardy’s novels, the conflict between the traditional and the moden is brought to the center of the stage.A. The Return of the NativeB. The Mayor of CasterbridgeC. Tess of the D’UrbervillesD. Jude the Obscure3. George Bernard Shaw’s play ____________ shows his almost nihilistic bitterness on the subjects of the cruelty and madness of World War I and the aimlessness and disillusion of the young.A. Getting Married B. Too True to Be GoodC. Widowers’ HousesD. The Apple Cart4. It was only after the publication of ____________ that D.H. Lawrence was recognized as aprominent novelist.A. The Trespasser B. The White PeacockC. Sons and Lovers D. The Rainbow5. T. S. Eliot’s poem ____________ is heavily indebted to James Joyce in terms of the stream- of -consciousness technique, also a prelude to The Waste Land.A. “Prufrock” B. “Gerontion”C. The Hollow Men D. Lyrical Ballads6. Charlotte Brontё’s ____________ is noted for its sharp criticism of the existing society, e. g. the religious hypocrisy of charity institutions.A. The Professor B. Wuthering HeightsC. Villette D. Jane Eyre7. Shelley’s greatest achievement is his four - act poetic drama ____________ , which is an ex- ultant work in praise of humankind’s potential.A. Adonais B. Queen MabC. Prometheus Unbound D. Kubla Khan8. Among the Romantic poets ____________ is regarded as a “worshipper of nature”.A. William Blake B. William WordsworthC. George Gordon Byron D. John Keats9. The most perfect example of the verse drama after Greek style in English is John Milton’s ____________.A. Paradise Lost B. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica10. The major theme of Jane Austen’s novels is____________.A. love and money B. money and social statusC. social status and marriage D. love and marriage11. T. S. Eliot’s most important single poem ____________ has been hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th-century English poetry.A. The Hollow Men B. The Waste LandC. Murder in the CathedralD. Ash Wednesday12. According to the subjects, William Wordsworth’s short poems can be classified into two groups, poems about____________.A. nature and human life B. happiness and childhoodC. symbolism and imagination D. nature and commonlife13. Among the following writers ____________ is considered to be the best -known English dramatist since Shakespeare.A. Oscar Wilde B. John GalsworthyC. W. B. Yeats D. George Bernard Shaw14. William Blake’s ____________ composed during the climax of the French Revolution playsthe double role both as a satire and a revolutionary prophecy.A. The Book of Urizen B. The Book of LosC. Poetical Sketches D. Marriage of Heaven and Hell15. Charles Dickens’ works are characterized by a mingling of ____________ and pathos.A. metaphor B. passionC. satire D. humor16. Daniel Defoe describes ____________ as a typical English middle -class man of the eigh- teenth century, the very prototype of the empire builder, the pioneer colonist.A. Robinson Crusoe B. Moll FlandersC. Gulliver D. Tom Jones17. In Thomas Hardy’s Wessex novels, there is an apparent ____________ touch in his de- scription of the simple and beautiful though primitive rural life.A. nostalgic B. tragicC. romantic D. ironic18. Of all the eighteenth - century novelists ____________ was the first to set out, both in the-ory and practice, to write specially a “comic epic in prose”, the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.
习题虽然都有答案，但是都是在自己完全答完题之后对的，在网上是问不到答案的哈不是对着答案抄袭的，那样效果不是很好，多看书
1,Death Be Not Proud by John Donne2,Here death is compared to rest or sleep. 3,Death is but momentary while happiness after death is eternal. But this religious idea is curiously expressed in the author’s supposed dialogue with “death”, as various reasons are given in the poem to argue against the common belief in death as “mighty and dreadful”.
给你了，在消息里！ 全国自考2008年7月英美文学选读试题 全国自考2008年7月英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上(全部题目用英文作答)PART ONE(40 POINTS)I. Multiple Choice (40 points in all，1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that b...... 全国2008年4月自考英美文学选读试题答案 全国2008年4月自考英美文学选读试题答案1-5 BABDB 6-10 DDBAC 11-15 BCADA 16-20 CBBDA 21-25 ACBAB 26-30 ACDDD 31-35 BABCB 36-40 DCDAC...... 全国2008年4月历年自学考试英美文学选读试题 全国2008年4月历年自学考试英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604I. Multiple Choice（40 points in all, 1for each）Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answer the question or completes the statement. ...... 英美文学选读试卷答案2007年4月自考 英美文学选读试卷答案2007年4月自考...... 2007年4月自考英美文学选读试题答案 2007年4月自考英美文学选读试题答案（课程代码 0604）I . Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)l.B 2. A 3.C 4.B 5. A 6. C 7. ...... 2007年4月自学考试自考全国英美文学选读历年试卷试题真题 全国2007年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上Ⅰ. Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question...... 2005年4月自考英美文学选读试题答案 2005年4月自考英美文学选读试题答案 ...... 全国2005年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题历年试卷 全国2005年4月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604全部题目用英文作答，并将答案写在答题纸相应位置上，否则不计分PART ONE (40 POINTS)I. Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of ...... 全国2004年7月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题历年试卷 全国2004年7月高等教育自学考试英美文学选读试题课程代码：00604请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上Ⅰ. Match authors in Column A with their literary works in Column B. Please write your answer on
相比其他的科目，英美文学选读是难些，但是多看看书，背一背作者啊，作品啊，也应该能考过！
有点难，不过自己能把课本重点全部掌握了就没问题了。我就是自考商务英语的，有这门课的串讲资料，需要的话可以发给你哦！觉得还不错的
两年一定可以的，我也自考本科，一次报2-3门，你绝对能看完的，而且我是在校生，要顾自己专业还要自考都能看完你肯定也能看完。不是非要考了四六级才能自考，但是四级的水平你肯定有了啊，我强烈支持你自考哦，我都有点后悔当时为什么不是一上大一就考，白白耽误了一年呢。你经常关注一下自考论坛吧，那里有考过的人谈经验的，还有介绍考试重点的，我一句话也说不清楚，考得时候有先后顺序，要不然铐起来难了容易丧失信心，比较简单的是写作词汇语法和翻译，但是想考高分也不容易的，一般二外，口译与听力英美文学都是放最后靠，因为难度较大或者量太多，你一定去看看论坛啊，我就是在哪里找到经验的，祝你好运，加油哦
二年差不多，除了英美文学、语言学、词汇学、翻译理论性较高外，其他课程难度不超过大学英语六级；总的来说，自考的英语专业是一门很考基础的专业。如果不切实提高自己的英语水平，很难有捷径走。同样，如果把基础打好，别的科目就相对轻松很多。决定了报考英语专业后，首先要安排考试的科目。其实我是有什么科目就考什么，否则也很难快速考完。有些科目是另一些的基础，还是有计划学习起来比较系统。在专业课里，首先要考的当然是高级英语。“翻译”要放在“口译与听力”之前。还有，选修课建议选与英文相关的。虽然中文的相对容易过，但读过一遍英文课本，哪怕是和中译本对照着看，对于自己的阅读和语感也是有很大好处的。至于公共课，就放在最后或者什么时候有空就顺便过了吧。
Chapter II The Neoclassical Period 一。新古典主义时期概述 1. 识记：（1）新古典主义时期的界定 （2）政治经济背景 （3）启蒙运动的意义与影响 2. 领会：（1）启蒙运动的主张与文学的特点 （2）新古典主义时期文学的艺术特点 3. 应用：启蒙运动，新古典主义，英雄双行诗，英国现实主义小说等名词的解释 1. 识记Definitions of literary terms 1） The Enlightenment Movement The 18th-century England is known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason. The Enlightenment Movement was a progressive intellectual movement which flourished in France & swept through the whole Western Europe at the time. The movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance of the 15th & 16th centuries. Its purpose was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modem philosophical & artistic ideas. The enlighteners celebrated reason or rationality， equality & science. They called for a reference to order， reason & rules & advocated universal education. Famous among the great enlighteners in England were those great writers like John Dryden， Alexander pope & so on. 2） Neoclassicism In the field of literature， the Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works. This tendency is known as neoclassicism. According to the neoclassicists， all forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek & Roman writers （Homer， Virgil， & so on）& those of the contemporary French ones. They believed that the artistic ideals should be order， logic， restrained emotion & accuracy， & that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity. This belief led them to seek proportion， unity， harmony & grace in literary expressions， in an effort to delight， instruct & correct human beings， primarily as social animals. Thus， a polite， urbane， witty， & intellectual art developed. 3） The heroic couplet It means a pair of lines of a type once common in English poetry， which rhyme & are written with five beats each…… 4） the Realistic Novel The mid-century was， however， predominated by a newly rising literary form， the modern English novel， which， contrary to the traditional romance of aristocrats， gives a realistic presentation of life of the common English people. This-the most significant phenomenon in the history of the development of English literature in the eighteenth century - is a natural product of the Industrial Revolution & a symbol of the growing importance & strength of the English of the growing importance & strength of the English middle class， Among the pioneers were Daniel Defoe ，Samuel Richardson， Henry Fielding， Laurence Sterne， Tobias Creorge Smollott， & Oliver Goldsmith. 2. 领会Characteristics of Neoclassical Literature According to the neoclassicists， all forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek & Roman writers （Homer， Virgil， Horace， Ovid， etc，）& those of the contemporary French ones. Neoclassicists had some fixed laws &rules for almost every genre of literature， prose should be precise， direct， smooth & flexible. Poetry should be lyrical， epical， didactic， satiric or dramatic， & each class should be guided by its own principles. Drama should be written in the Heroic Couplets （iambic pentameter rhymed in two lines）； the three unities of time， space & action should be strictly observed； regularity in construction should be adhered to & type characters rather than individuals should be represented. 二。该时期的重要作家 1，一般识记：重要作家的创作生涯 2，识记：重要作品及主要内容 3，领会：重要作家的创作思想，艺术特色其代表作的主题结构，人物刻画，语言风格，艺术特色，社会意义等。 4，应用：（1）《天路历程》中“名利场”的寓义。 （2）蒲伯的文学（诗歌）批评观及其诗歌特色。 （3）《格列佛游记》的社会讽刺。 （4）菲尔丁的“散文体史诗”。 （5）格雷诗歌的主题与意象。 I. John Bunyan 1. 一般识记His life English author & preacher， born in Elstow， England， probably Nov.28， 1628，and died in London， England， Aug， 31， 1688. 2. 识记His major works John Bunyan’s The Pilgrim’s Progress （1678） is the outstanding 17th-century English religious literature. For more than 200 years this book was second in popularity only to the Bible. Bunyan did not attempt to portray the political confusion & social upheaval of 17th-century England. His concern was rather the study of man’s spiritual life. Bunyan chiefly wrote four prose works - Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners （1666）， The Life & Death of Mr. Badman （1680）， The Holy War （1682） & The Pilgrim’s Progress， part II （1684）。 3. 领会Characteristics of his works Bunyan’s style was modeled after that of the English Bible. With his concrete &living language & carefully observed & vividly presented details， he made it possible for the reader of the least education to share the pleasure of reading his novel & to relive the experience of his characters. 4. 应用Selected Reading "The Vanity Fair"， an excerpt from Part I of The Pilgrim’s Progress. （1） Theme： The Pilgrim’s Progress is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. Its purpose is to urge people to comply with Christian doctrines & seek salvation through constant struggles with their own weakness & all kinds of social evils. It is not only about something spiritual but also beats much relevance to the time. Its predominant metaphor-life as a journey-is simple & familiar. （2） "Vanity Fair" is the most famous part of The Pilgrim’s Progress. It tells how Christian & his friend Faithful come to Vanity Fair on their way to heaven，" a fair where in should be sold all sorts of vanity & that it should last all the year long： therefore at this fair all such merchandise sold， as houses， lands， trades， places， honors， preferments， titles， countries， kingdoms， lusts， pleasures & delights of all sorts as harlots， wives， husbands， children， masters， servants， lives， blood， bodies， souls， silver， gold， pearls， precious stones & what not." As they refuse to buy anything but truth， they are beaten & put in a cage & then taken out & led in chains up & down the fair. They are sentenced to death-to be put to the most cruel death that can be invented." Vanity Fair" is a satirical picture of English society， law & religion in Bunyan’s day.
【免费定制个人学历提升方案和复习资料： 】自考缺考会不会影响拿毕业证？自考缺考不会影响拿毕业证。只要考生继续参加考试，考过所有课程并通过，就可以申请毕业。长时间没有参加自考考试，不会被取消自考考试资格，自考的考试政策规定中并没有规定时限。只要考生参加的课程考试通过了，就不需要再重新考，并且自考成绩是长时间有效的。所以，考生不用担心成绩失效而重考的问题。这次缺考了，那就下次继续参加考试，考完后续课程就可以申请毕业，拿取本科毕业证书了。虽然自考缺考没有影响到毕业的申请，但是，很直接的影响到毕业的时间。自考是所有科目通过之后才能够申请毕业，然而有些科目并不是每次都开考，一旦缺考，只有等到该科目开考才可以报考，这也就意味着拉长了考试时间线，因此，一次缺考就得花费更长的时间毕业。自考缺考会有什么影响？自考缺考的科目可以在下一次报考中（开设了该科目的考试中）重新报考，什么时候考及格什么时候就可以停止考试，如果对分数不满意还可以继续报考同一科目。而对应的也需要考生重新支付单科考试费用，每参加一次考试就需要重新缴纳考试费。1、部分地区限制报考次数。目前，在广东的政策中，多次无故缺考的考生将实施限制报考课程等措施。一旦缺考，除了钱，还会浪费时间。限制报考次数还是有很多不便的。2、教材变更。知识是不断积累和总结的，当时间过去就会出现新的知识，自考的科目和教材可能会发现变化，这意味着考生有资金支出购买材料，花时间消化新的知识点。3、影响毕业时间。自考缺考不会影响自考毕业申请，但会影响毕业时间。大家都知道自考时间一年只考两次，也就是说如果考生缺考，毕业时间会相应推迟半年，可以说是非常直观的影响。自考缺考不会影响考生毕业申请，只是浪费一次考试机会和报名费，不过缺考将延长毕业时间。自考缺考会被记入诚信档案吗？广东省决定2019年1月起广东自考无故缺考的考生将限制报考课次，也就是说从2019年1月起，广东省将对无故缺考考生实行诚信考试记录，记入诚信档案，对多次无故缺考考生将实施限制报考课次等措施。当期考试缺考2门课程或以上，将被认定为无故缺考，并记入考生诚信报考档案。诚信报考记录保存至记录生成之日的下一年12月31日。记入诚信报考档案，有什么影响？对于所有报考自学考试最后缺考了的考生来说，自考缺考主要影响的就是毕业时间，缺考严重的话甚至会限制考生的报考次数。比如说缺考一次，毕业时间就要延长半年以上，有可能再次考试的时候自考科目或教材已经更改，需要重新学习。同样参照广东省对于缺考的限制政策“如当次考试无故缺考2门课程或以上的，自愿在省考办组织的下一期自学考试中报考不超过2门课程。另外如果考生缺考的是公共课程，下个考期还是可以继续考的，如果是专业课缺考的话那就只能等下一次有这门课程考核的时候了。”自考缺考会被列入征信吗？大家知道，征信中的所有不良记录都会影响生活，一旦被列入黑名单，我们不仅无法办理银行相关的业务，甚至不能购买机票、购买动车票高铁票等等。那么自考缺考的话会不会影响个人征信呢?答案是不会的，一般来说自考缺考是不会列入征信的，但是自考作弊则会被列入征信的！所以大家在自考的时候最好不要走所谓的“捷径”，诚信对待每一场考试。不过，广东限制考试次数政策可能是是未来一个风向标。也就是说，目前来说考生缺考没有什么大的影响，但是未来就不确定的，因为广东省率先实行缺考记入诚信档案的规定，如果效果好的话，说不定就全面实行了。自考生缺考的原因是什么？主观因素。一些考生认为自考缺考对升学、就业影响不大，他们就很轻易放弃了参加考试，也不觉得可惜。客观因素。自考考生大多是走上工作岗位的成年人，受工作影响缺考的多，有的觉得没有准备好，还有的因为个人私事或生病缺考。临时放弃。有关部门提高自考防的措施和力度，一些想浑水摸鱼的考生，在觉得通过无望的情况下临时放弃了考试。自考生哪些行为会被认为缺考？1、在答题纸上未填写或填写错误准考证号、姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号等信息的，答题无效。2、不按试题顺序在答题纸指定位置作答，答题无效。3、在规定答题位置外的地方作答，答题无效。4、不按要求粘贴条形码，答题无效。5、不按规定使用相应答题笔作答，答题无效。6、在答题纸上作任何标记的，答题无效。7、考生未在点名卡上签名，视为缺考。下方免费学历提升方案介绍： 2019年10月自考11747管理学与人力资源管理真题试卷 格式：PDF大小：371.1KB 2017年10月自考00604英美文学选读真题试卷 格式：PDF大小：481.97KB自考/成考考试有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚自考/成考考试当地政策，点击底部咨询猎考网，免费获取个人学历提升方案：
下篇：美国文学 第一章美国浪漫主义时期 一、美国浪漫主义时期概述 Ⅰ。本章学习目的和要求 通过本章学习，了解19世纪初期至中叶美国文学产生的历史、文化背景；认识该时期文学创作的基本待征、基本主张，及其对同时代和后期美国文学的影响；了解该时期主要作家的文学创作生涯、创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题思想、人物刻画、语言风格等；同时结合注释，读懂所选作品并了解其思想内容和艺术特色，培养理解和欣赏文学作品的能力。 Ⅱ。本章重点及难点： 1.浪漫主义时期美国文学的特点 2.主要作家的创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格、思想意义。 3.分析讨论选读作品 Ⅲ。本章考核知识点和考核要求： 1.美国浪漫主义时期概述 （1）“识记”内容：美国浪漫主义文学产生的社会历史及文化背景 （2）“领会”内容： 美国浪漫主义在文学上的表现 a.欧洲浪漫主义文学的影响 b.美国本土文学的崛起及其待证 （3）“应用”内容：清教主义、超验主义、象征主义、自由诗等名词的解释 2.美国浪漫主义时期的主要作家 A.华盛顿。欧文 1.一般识记：欧文的生平及创作主涯 2.识记：《纽约外史》《见闻札记》 3.领会：欧文的创作领域、创作思想，及其作品的艺术风格 4.应用：选读《瑞普。凡。温可尔》的主题及其艺术特色 B.拉尔夫.华尔多.爱默生 1.一般识记：爱默生的生平及创作生涯 2.识记：爱默生的超验主义思想 3.领会： （1）爱默生的散文：《论自然》《论自助》《论美国学者》等 （2）爱默生与梭罗：梭罗的超验主义思想和他的《沃尔登》 4. 应用：《论自然》节选：爱默生的基本哲 学思想及自然观 C.纳撒尼尔。霍桑 1.一般识记：霍桑的生平及创作主涯 2.识记：霍桑的长短篇小说 3.领会： （1）《红字》的主题、心理描写、象征手法和、小说结构 （2）霍桑的清教主义思想及加尔文教条中的“原罪”对霍桑的影响（人性本恶的观点） （3）霍桑对浪漫主义小说的贡献 4.应用：选读《小伙子布朗》的主题结构、象征手法及语言特色 D.华尔特。惠特曼 1.一般识记：惠特曼的生平及其创作生涯 2.识记：惠特曼的民主思想 3.领会： （1）惠特曼的《草叶集》的主创意图、思想感情及诗体形式、语言风格 （2）惠特曼的个人主义 4.应用：选读《草叶集》诗选：“一个孩子的成长”、“涉水的骑兵”、“自己之歌”的主题结构、诗歌的艺术特色、语言风格 E.赫尔曼。麦尔维尔 1.一般识记：麦尔维尔的生平及创作生涯 2.识记：麦尔维尔的早期作品：《玛地》《雷得本》《白外衣》，后期作品《皮埃尔》《的化装表演》《比利伯德》等 3.领会：《白鲸》的 （1）主题：表层及深层意义 （2）小说结构：浪漫主义和现实主义的统一 （3）象征手法和寓言的运用 （4）语言特色 4.应用：选读《白鲸》最后一章的节选：主题思想、人物刻画、象征手法、语言特色 Chapter l The Romantic Period （一）“识记”内容： 1.The origin of Romantic American literature The Romantic Period， one of the most important periods in thehistory of American literature， stretches from the end of the 18th century to the outbreak of the Civil War. It started with the publication of Washington Irving’s The Sketch Book and ended with Whitman’s Leaves of Grass. 2.The American Renaissance or New England Renaissance is a period of the great flowering of American literature， from the i830s roughly until the end of the American Civil War. It came of age as an expression of a national spirit. One of the most important influences in the period was that of the Transcendentalists， including Ralph Waldo Emerson， Henry David Thoreau. The Transcendentalists contributed to the founding of a new national culture based on native elements. Apart from the Transcendentalists， there emerged during this period great imaginative writers ——Nathaniel Hawthorne， Herman Melville， and Walt Whitman——whose novels and poetry left a permanent imprint on American literature. 3.Its social historical and cultural background The development of the American society nurtured "the literature of a great nation." America was flourishing into a politically， economically and culturally independent country. Historically， it was the time of westward expansion in America economically， the whole nation was experiencing an industrial transformation. Politically， democracy and equa1ity became the ideal of the new nation， and the two-party system came into being. Worthy of mention is the literary and cultural life of the country. With the founding of the American Independent Government， the nation felt an urge to have its own literary expression， to make known its new experience that other nations did not have： the early Puritan settlement， the confrontation with the Indians， the frontiersmen''''''''s life， and the wild west. Besides， the nation’s literary milieu was ready for the Romantic movement as we11. Thus， with a strong sense of optimism， a spectacular outburst of romantic feeling was brought about in the first ha1f of the 19th century. 4.Major writers of this period There emerged a great host of men of letters during this period， among whom the better-known are poets such as Philip Freneau， William Cullen Bryant， Henry Wordsworth Long Fellow， James Russel Lowell， John Greenleaf Whitter， Edgar Ellen Poe， and， especially， Walt Whitman， whose Leaves Of Grass established him as the most popular American poet of the 19th century. The fiction of the American Romantic period is an original and diverse body of work. It ranges from the comic fables of Washington Irving to the The Gothic tales of Edgar Allen Poe， from the frontier adventures of James Fenimore Cooper to the narrative quests of Herman Melville， from the psycho1ogical romances of Nathaniel Hawthorne to the social realism of Rebecca Harding Davis. （二）领会内容 1.The impact of European Romanticism on American Romanticism Foreign literary masters， especially the English counterparts exerted a stimulating impact on the writers of the new world. Born of one common cultural heritage， the American writers shared some common features with the English Romanticists. They revolted against the literary forms and ideas of the period of classicism by developing some relatively new forms of fiction or poetry. （1） They put emphasis upon the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature， which included a liking for the picturesque， the exotic， the sensuous， the sensational， and the supernatural. （2） The Americans also placed an increasing emphasis on the free expression of emotions and disp1ayed an increasing attention to the psychic states of their characters. Heroes and heroines exhibited extremes of sensitivity and excitement. （3） The strong tendency to exalt the individual and the common man was almost a national religion in America. Writers like Freneau， Bryant， and Cooper showed a great interest in external nature in their respective works. （4） The literary use of the more colorfu1 aspects of the past was also to be found in Irving’s effort to exploit the legends of the Hudson River region， and in Cooper’s long series of historical tales. （5） In short， American Romanticism is， in a certain way， derivative. 2.The unique characteristics of American Romanticism Although greatly influenced by their English counterparts， the American romantic writers revealed unique characteristics of their own in their works and they grew on the native lands. For examp1e，（1） the American national experience of "pioneering into the west" proved to be a rich source of material for American writers to draw upon. They celebrated America''''''''s landscape with its virgin forests， meadows， groves， endless prairies， streams， and vast oceans. The wilderness came to function almost as a dramatic character that symbolized moral 1aw. （2）The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature. Such a desire is particularly evident in Cooper’s Leather Stocking Tales， in Thoreau''''''''s Walden and， later， in Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. （3） With the growth of American national consciousness， American character types speaking local dialects appeared in poetry and fiction with increasing frequency. （4） Then the American Puritanism as a cultural heritage exerted great influences over American moral values and American Romanticism. One of the manifestations is the fact that American romantic writers tended more to moralize than their English and European counterparts. （5） Besides， a preoccupation with the Calvinistic view of origina1 sin and the mystery of evil marked the works of Hawthorne， Melville and a host of lesser writers. （三）应用内容 1. The American Puritanism and its great influence over American moral values， as is shown in American romantic writings. （1） American Puritanism Puritanism is the practices and beliefs of the Puritans. （The Puritans were originally members of a division of the Protestant Church， who came into existence in the reigns Queen Elizabeth and King James Ⅰ。The first settlers who became the founding fathers of the American nation were quite a few of them Puritans. They came to America out of various reasons， but it should be remembered that they were a group of serious， religious people， advocating highly religious and moral principles. As the word itself hints， Puritans wanted to purify their religious beliefs and practices. They felt that the Church of England was too close to the Church of Rome in doctrine form of worship， and organization of authority.） The American Puritans， like their brothers back in England， were idealists， believing that the church should be restored to complete "purity". They accepted the doctrine of predestination， original sin and total depravity， and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God. But in the grim struggle for survival that followed immediately after their arrival in America， they became more and more practical， as indeed they had to be. Puritans were noted for a spirit of moral and religious earnestness that determinated their whole way of life. Puritans'''''''' lives were extremely disciplined and hard. They drove out of their settlements all those opinions that seemed dangerous to them， and history has criticized their actions. Yet in the persecution of what they considered error， the Puritans were no worse than many other movements in history. As a culture heritage， Puritanism did have a profound influence on the early American mind and American values. American Puritanism also had a conspicuously noticeable and an enduring influence on American literature. It had become， to some extent， so much a state of mind， so much a part of the national cultural atmosphere， rather than a set of tenets. （2） One of the manifestations is the fact that American romantic writers tended more to moralize than their English and European counterparts. Besides， a preoccupation with the Calvinistic view of origina1 sin and the mystery of evil marked the works of Hawthorne， Melville and a host of lesser writers. 2. New England Transcendentalism New England Transcendentalism is the mot clearly defined Romantic literary movement in this period. It was started in the area around Concord， Mass. by a group of intellectual and the literary men of the United States such as Emerson， Henry David Thoreau who were members of an informal club， i. e. the Transcendental Club in New England in the l830s. The transcendentalists reacted against the cold， rigid rationalism of Unitarianism in Boston. They adhered to an idealistic system of thought based on a belief in the essential unity of all creation ， the innate goodness of man， and the supremacy of insight over logic and experience for the revelation of the deepest truths. The writings of the transcendentalists prepared the ground of their contemporaries such as Walt Whitman， Herman Melville， and Nathaniel Hawthorne. The main issues involved in the debate were generally philosophical， concerning nature， man and the universe. Basically， Transcendentalism has been defined philosophical1y as "the recognition in man of the capacity of knowing truth intuitively， or of attaining knowledge transcending the reach of the senses." Emerson once proclaimed in a speech， "Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind." Other concepts that accompanied Transcendentalism inc1ude the idea that nature is ennobling and the idea that the individual is divine and， therefore， self-re1iant. 3. American Romanticists differed in their understanding of human nature. To the transcendentalists such as Emerson and Thoreau， man is divine in nature and therefore forever perfectible； but to Hawthorne and Melville， everybody is potentially a sinner， and great moral courage is therefore indispensab1e for the improvement of human nature， as is shown in Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter.