自考本科英语二非常重要的考试科目，学习英语最重要的是背单词，背语法。下位小编为大家整理了50个自考英语二的高频知识点，考生可以参考。自考英语二语法知识点整理一、动词短语搭配1. be fond of “喜爱，爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式[1] He's fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。[2] Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗？[3] He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。2. hunt for = look for 寻找 hunt for a job 找工作3. in order to/so as to两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语， in order to可放于句首， so as to则不能， 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to.[1] He went to Beijing in order to/so as to attend an important meeting.[2] In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他， 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。4. care about[1] 喜欢，对……有兴趣 = care forShe doesn't care about money.她不喜欢钱。[2] 关心 = care forShe thinks only of herself. She doesn't care about other people. 她只考虑自己。不关心别人。[3] 在乎，在意（接从句或不接任何成分）These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。5. such as 意为“诸如……”，“像……”，是用来列举人或事物的。She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry. 她教三门科目，像物理、化学。6. drop a line 留下便条， 写封短信7. make yourself at home 别客气；随便；无拘束If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随便一点。8. stay up 不睡；熬夜[1] I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我将回家很晚，不要等我了。[2] He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。9. come about 引起；发生；产生[1] How did the accident come about?这场事故是怎么发生的？[2] They didn't know how the change had come about.他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。10. except for 除……之外[1] except 与 except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如：①He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最后一个，他回答了所有问题。②We go there everyday except Sunday.除了星期天，我们天天去那里。[2] except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如：①Except for oneold lady, the bus was empty.除去一个老太太，这辆公共汽车全空了。②Your picture isgood except for the colours.你的画儿很好，只是某些色彩有问题。[3] 但在现代英语中，except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一个例子可以是：He answered all the questions except for the last one.[4] 另外，在介词短语之前只能用except，不能用except for。We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏季，我们通常十点之前上床睡觉。11. end up with 以……告终；以……结束The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌结束。12. more or less 几乎；差不多；大约；大概；大体上[1] I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.我差不多成功了，而他们没有。[2] Our living condition has more or less improved.我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。13. bring in 引进；引来；吸收[1] We should bring in new technology.我们应该引进新技术。[2] He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一个月挣八百美元。14. get away（from） 逃离[1] The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。[2] I caught a really big fish but it got away.我钓到了一条好大的鱼，可是它逃掉了。15. watch out （for）注意；留心[1] Watch out! There is a car coming.小心！汽车来了。[2] Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那个坑。16. see sb. off 给某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火车站给朋友送行。17. on the other hand 另一方面； 用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等，常说 on the one hand …… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面。I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.我知道这份工作报酬不高，但从另一方面来说，我也不必工作太长时间。18. as well as 和/还 ， He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。19. take place 发生 take one's place 入座、站好位置、取得地位take sb's place 或 take the place of 代替、取代20. on fire 相当于burning, 意为“燃烧；着火；起火”，有静态的含意。catch fire有动态的含意。set…on fire/set fire to…用来表示“使……着火”、“放火烧……”。Look, the theatre is on fire! Let's go and help.瞧，剧院着火了，咱们去帮忙救火吧。21. on holiday 在度假，在休假中 When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。22. travel agency旅行社=travel bureau23. take off[1] 脱下（衣服等）， 解（除）掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋子。[2] （飞机）起飞 The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。[3] 匆匆离开 The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车，匆匆离开去公园。24. go wrong v. 走错路， 误入岐途， （机器等）发生故障25. in all adv. 总共26. stay away v.外出27. look up 查询（如宾语为代词，则代词放中间） Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典里查单词。相关词组：①look for 寻找；②look after照顾，照料；③look forward to期待；④look into调查；⑤look on旁观；⑥look out注意；⑦look out for注意，留心，提防；⑧look over翻阅，查看，检查；⑨look around环视；⑩look through翻阅，查看。28. run after 追逐，追求 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子，你一只也抓不到。29. on the air 广播[1] We will be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟以后开始广播。[2] This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出。30. think highly/well/much of对……评价很高， 赞赏， 对……印象好；think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……认为不好， 对……不在意， 不赞成， 觉得……不怎么样[1] He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他非常赞赏。[2] I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。[3] I don't think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样。31. leave out[1] 漏掉 You made a mistake—You've left out a letter “t”。你出错了—你漏掉了一个字母t.[2] 删掉， 没用 I haven't changed or left out athing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西。32. stare at （由于好奇、激动等张着嘴巴，睁大眼睛地）[1] 凝视，盯着看 Don't stare at foreigners. It's impolite.不要盯着外国人看，这样不礼貌。[2] glare at （to stare angrily at）怒视着33. make jokes about 就……说笑 They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我。[1] have a joke with … about…跟某人开关于某事的玩笑He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来跟我开玩笑。[2] play a joke on…开某人的玩笑 We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。[3] v. joke about 取笑They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我蹩脚的英。34. take over 接管；接替；继承[1] What is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。[2] Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。35. break down[1] 破坏；拆散 ①Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。 ②The peace talks are said to have broken down. （喻）据说和谈破裂了。[2]（机器）损坏 ①Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。 ②The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。[3] 失败；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。[4] 精神崩溃；失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。[5] 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化。36. get on one's feet[1] 站起来；站起来发言[2] （=stand on one's feet）自立， 经济上独立[3] （人）病好了， 可以起床了； （使）恢复， 复苏（指企业）37. go through[1] 经历；经受；遭到 These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。[2] 完成；做完I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大学。[3] 通过；批准 ①The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项法案。②Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。[4] 全面检查；搜查 They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。38.take over 接管；接替；继承①what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。②Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。二、常考句型39. “So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的，“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句，则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。[1] He's tired, and so am I. （=I' m also tired.）[2] You can swim，and so can I.（=I can also swim.）She has had supper，and so can I.（=I've had lunch，too.）[3] Tom speaks English，and so does his sister.（=His sister speaks English，too.）A: I went to the park yesterday.B: So did I.（=I also went to the park yesterday.）40.“So +主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed,certainly, 表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实，语气较强，意思是“确实如此”。A：It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。B：So it was.的确如此。（=Yes，it was.）A：You seem to like sports.B：So I do.（=Yes，I do.）A：It will be fine tomorrow.B：So it will.（=Yes ，it will.）41.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重复。My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.（=I handed inmy composition on time.） 语文老师叫我按时交作文， 我照办了。42. So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……（的情况）也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时，要表示相同情况，必须使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒装句。She doesn't play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.43. There you are. 行了，好。 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。[1] There you are! Then let's have some coffee.除此之外，还可以表示“瞧，对吧（果然如此）”的语气。[2] There you are! I knew we should find it at last.对吧！我就知道我们最终能找到的。44. have some difficulty （in） doing sth. 干某事有困难；接名词时，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.[1] Do you have any difficulty （in） understanding English?你理解英语口语有困难吗？[2] She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她说她在发音方面有困难。45. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”，“对……有某种程度的了解”[1] He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所了解。[2] A good knowledge of languages is always useful.三、长难句46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生，很有趣。[1] fun “好玩，趣事”，不可数名词，前面不加不定冠词aYou're sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。[2] make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。funny adj. “可笑的，滑稽的”He looks very funny in his father's jacket.他穿着他父亲的衣服，看上去很滑稽。47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主语，it是形式主语。四、常考语法48. 直接引语和间接引语[1] 直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。（一般过去时改成过去完成时）I broke your CD player.→He told me he had broken my CD player.（现在完成时改成过去完成时）Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”→Jenny said she had lost a book.（一般将来时改成过去将来时）Mum said, “I'll go to see a friend.”→Mum said she would go to see a friend.（过去完成时保留原有的时态）He said, “We hadn't finished our homework.”→He said they hadn't finished their homework.注意：直接引语是客观真理，过去进行时，时态不变。[2] 在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”→Mary said her brother was and engineer.[3] 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如：He said, “Can you run, Mike?”→He asked Mike whether/if he could run.[4] 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell（ask, order, beg等） （not） to do sth.”句型。如：“Pass me the water, please.”said he.→He asked him to pass her the water.[5] 直接引语如果是以“Let's”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如：She said, “Let's go to the cinema.”→She suggested going to the cinema.或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.49. 现在进行时表将来的动作现在进行时表将来的动作，谓语通常为瞬间动词。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。[1] 用现在进行时表示将来，指的是近期的，按计划或安排要发生的动作。[2] 现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于：前者通常用瞬间动词（有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。① The train is arriving soon. 火车就要进站了。② He is reading a novel. 他在看小说。[3] 用现在进行时表示将来的时间，在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。[4] 现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于：前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的，而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情，因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。① What are you doing next Friday?下星期五你们打算干什么？② The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.飞机今晚七点半起飞。50. 主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like 等，谓语动词仍用单数。The teacher as well as his students is excited.报考考试有疑问、不知道如何考点内容、不清楚报考考试当地政策，点击底部咨询猎考网，免费获取个人学历提升方案：
多看书多背单词多做真题希望回答能够帮助你你也可以追问
自考英语语法的话，一定要注意多阅读一些语法方面的书籍，也可以在生活当中锻炼自己的语法，电大专科也可以自考本科。
你好 你好，自考学习以自学为主，关于学习网上有资料视频，有些社会教育机构有课程培训，有的自考助学有学校组织教学和学习。普通自考学习要教材大纲、练习题、历年真题、网上一些学习资料综合复习才可以。自考制定学习计划要根据你的时间考试计划来安排你的考试，时间多学习就快一些，当然也可以从网络上下载资料学习，按照教材与考试大纲相结合的方法来学习，毕竟自考需要靠自己的真实力才可以。此外就是多做一些历次的真题。自考学习以自己学习为主，主要参考教材和考试大纲加上一些网上学习资料，此外就是历年的考试真题。重点就是吃透考试大纲，用好教材，这是出题的根本，最好是在买一套模拟题做做，巩固学习成果，要制定计划花时间好好学习的。自考要靠真知识才能通过的，多努力吧
今天教务老师给大家收集整理了自考英语二教材语法，自考英语常用语法的相关问题解答，还有免费的自考历年真题及自考复习重点资料下载哦，以下是全国我们为自考生们整理的一些回答，希望对你考试有帮助！自考英语二难不?考什么?自考英语不难。根据免考政策，通过大学生英语四级的考生就可以免考英语。这样对比，英语要比英语四级简单。大部分省市自考一年有两次考期，每次最多可以报考4门。如果所选专业选考+必考共15门科目，选考英语，就可以减为12门科目，只需一年半就能完成考试。但选择用3门课抵，14门科目需要2年考完。因此，从拿证时间来看，想要早点拿到毕业证，建议选择英语。考试内容：试题分四部分，共48题，包括英语知识运用、阅读理解、英译汉和写作。考查目标：考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：(一)语言知识1、语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识，其中包括：名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法动词时态、语态的构成及其用法形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法常用连接词的词义及其用法非谓语动词的构成及其用法虚拟语气的构成及其用法各类从句及强调句型的结构及其用法倒装句、插入语的结构及其用法考生应能掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关词组。考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义。(二)语言技能考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料。题材包括经济、管理、社会、文化、科普等，体裁包括说明文、议论文和记叙文等。根据阅读材料考生应能：1)理解主旨要义；2)理解文中的具体信息；3)理解语篇的结构及上下文的逻辑关系；4)根据上下文推断重要生词或词组的含义；5)进行一定的判断和推理；6)理解作者的意图、观点或态度；考生应能根据所给的提纲、情景或要求完成相应的短文写作。短文应中心思想明确、切中题意、结构清晰、条理清楚、用词恰当、无明显语言错误。自考英语二怎么学习，考过的求教了我是一个高考的过来人。首先我想请阁下明白一个道理冰冻三尺非一日之寒，所以坚持很重要，英语是一门很看重积累的科目。虽然我高考已经好多年了，而且今年即将大学毕业，踏入社会。但英语一直没有丢，英语一直是我的排头兵！我对英语的自信还有，我觉得学好英语不难，重要的是你要有恒心，急躁冒进，三天打渔两天晒网都是不行的。在这里我就毛遂自荐一下我的学习方法吧：首先先你要端正心态，不要急躁，，你做你自己的事，这样才能静下心来学习。要成为英语高手就必须比别人走更多的路，做更多的事。你应该明白一个事实，英语是单词和语法的综合，所以单词和语法都要拿下。其次，对于单词，有如下几种方法，第一个，是加强记忆的频度，也就是说，早上记了几个，隔几个小时又看一次，总之一天之内，记忆的间隔不要太长，否则你辛苦积累的记忆会随着时间的延长而淡化，第二个，是可以根据自己的理解编顺口溜，比如goodmorning是狗摸你……，第三个，最重要的是，记单词的时候，不要忘了阅读，一边记单词，一边看文章，这样可以把孤立的单词串联起来，记忆的效果会加倍，第四个。我建议你记单词要分门别类记忆，要形成一个意群，比如，重要性用magnitudemagnificence，表示非常，大大地有exceedingly，tremendously，extremely……这样做在你写作时，是十分有好处的，写作时不要尽写一些低级词汇，你要写高级词汇，比如重要性写magnitude，许多写amultitudeof或者handsome。再次，是语法。学习语法，首先要明白什么是主谓宾定状补，什么是系动词，什么是直接宾语，间接宾语，这些是学习语法的基础，语法是房子，主谓宾定状补等是沙石砖瓦此外，对于完形填空以及阅读理解，那就只能靠平时的练习了，在这个过程中，你要时时总结，纵深对比，千万不要陷入题海战术只做题，不总结的误区当中。在做题的过程中，你把各种体型都总结了一遍，积累了丰富的经验，而且你还提升了自己的阅读速度，一举两得，所以做题是很重要的！其实，完形填空无非就是单项选择加语境分析，也就是说，做完形填空你的语法要好，而且你要积累比较多的固定搭配，短语，特殊用法等，完形填空的语法还是很重要的！对于阅读，我个人感觉是，纯粹是个人经验积累多少的问题，只有保证一定的练习量，你才能用质的提高！最后，我建议你，平时读报，或者做题的时候，发现有好的句子好的词汇，你要抄下来，长期下来，你的作文会有提高的，需要说明的是，这个提高过程可能很缓慢，但是最后能收到很好的效果，以前25分的作文我都能保证在21-23这个级别，靠的就是对语法的熟练掌握和积累了许多较高级的词汇，句型，句子。我个人的理解是，在你的语法达到基本不会出错的程度上，作文便应该以词汇取胜，因为在这个层次上，大家的语法都差不多，没什么变化，唯一有变化的就是你的词汇！给你打个比方吧，很多想到“许多”就用many，但是你别忘了manya；handsome；massive，innumerable；很多人想到“专家”就写expert，但很少人会想到specialist，很多人在想到“擅长”这词，就写begoodat，却不知还有更高级的表达法：beexpertat或者excelin……高手和庸才，就体现在这些细微的差别上！！自考/成考有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚当地自考/成考政策，点击底部咨询官网老师，免费领取复习资料：
自考本科英语二非常重要的考试科目，学习英语最重要的是背单词，背语法。下位小编为大家整理了50个自考英语二的高频知识点，考生可以参考。自考英语二语法知识点整理一、动词短语搭配1. be fond of “喜爱，爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式[1] He's fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。[2] Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗？[3] He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。2. hunt for = look for 寻找 hunt for a job 找工作3. in order to/so as to两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语， in order to可放于句首， so as to则不能， 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to.[1] He went to Beijing in order to/so as to attend an important meeting.[2] In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他， 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。4. care about[1] 喜欢，对……有兴趣 = care forShe doesn't care about money.她不喜欢钱。[2] 关心 = care forShe thinks only of herself. She doesn't care about other people. 她只考虑自己。不关心别人。[3] 在乎，在意（接从句或不接任何成分）These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。5. such as 意为“诸如……”，“像……”，是用来列举人或事物的。She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry. 她教三门科目，像物理、化学。6. drop a line 留下便条， 写封短信7. make yourself at home 别客气；随便；无拘束If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随便一点。8. stay up 不睡；熬夜[1] I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我将回家很晚，不要等我了。[2] He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。9. come about 引起；发生；产生[1] How did the accident come about?这场事故是怎么发生的？[2] They didn't know how the change had come about.他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。10. except for 除……之外[1] except 与 except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如：①He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最后一个，他回答了所有问题。②We go there everyday except Sunday.除了星期天，我们天天去那里。[2] except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如：①Except for oneold lady, the bus was empty.除去一个老太太，这辆公共汽车全空了。②Your picture isgood except for the colours.你的画儿很好，只是某些色彩有问题。[3] 但在现代英语中，except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一个例子可以是：He answered all the questions except for the last one.[4] 另外，在介词短语之前只能用except，不能用except for。We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏季，我们通常十点之前上床睡觉。11. end up with 以……告终；以……结束The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌结束。12. more or less 几乎；差不多；大约；大概；大体上[1] I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.我差不多成功了，而他们没有。[2] Our living condition has more or less improved.我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。13. bring in 引进；引来；吸收[1] We should bring in new technology.我们应该引进新技术。[2] He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一个月挣八百美元。14. get away（from） 逃离[1] The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。[2] I caught a really big fish but it got away.我钓到了一条好大的鱼，可是它逃掉了。15. watch out （for）注意；留心[1] Watch out! There is a car coming.小心！汽车来了。[2] Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那个坑。16. see sb. off 给某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火车站给朋友送行。17. on the other hand 另一方面； 用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等，常说 on the one hand …… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面。I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.我知道这份工作报酬不高，但从另一方面来说，我也不必工作太长时间。18. as well as 和/还 ， He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。19. take place 发生 take one's place 入座、站好位置、取得地位take sb's place 或 take the place of 代替、取代20. on fire 相当于burning, 意为“燃烧；着火；起火”，有静态的含意。catch fire有动态的含意。set…on fire/set fire to…用来表示“使……着火”、“放火烧……”。Look, the theatre is on fire! Let's go and help.瞧，剧院着火了，咱们去帮忙救火吧。21. on holiday 在度假，在休假中 When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。22. travel agency旅行社=travel bureau23. take off[1] 脱下（衣服等）， 解（除）掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋子。[2] （飞机）起飞 The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。[3] 匆匆离开 The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车，匆匆离开去公园。24. go wrong v. 走错路， 误入岐途， （机器等）发生故障25. in all adv. 总共26. stay away v.外出27. look up 查询（如宾语为代词，则代词放中间） Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典里查单词。相关词组：①look for 寻找；②look after照顾，照料；③look forward to期待；④look into调查；⑤look on旁观；⑥look out注意；⑦look out for注意，留心，提防；⑧look over翻阅，查看，检查；⑨look around环视；⑩look through翻阅，查看。28. run after 追逐，追求 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子，你一只也抓不到。29. on the air 广播[1] We will be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟以后开始广播。[2] This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出。30. think highly/well/much of对……评价很高， 赞赏， 对……印象好；think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……认为不好， 对……不在意， 不赞成， 觉得……不怎么样[1] He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他非常赞赏。[2] I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。[3] I don't think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样。31. leave out[1] 漏掉 You made a mistake—You've left out a letter “t”。你出错了—你漏掉了一个字母t.[2] 删掉， 没用 I haven't changed or left out athing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西。32. stare at （由于好奇、激动等张着嘴巴，睁大眼睛地）[1] 凝视，盯着看 Don't stare at foreigners. It's impolite.不要盯着外国人看，这样不礼貌。[2] glare at （to stare angrily at）怒视着33. make jokes about 就……说笑 They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我。[1] have a joke with … about…跟某人开关于某事的玩笑He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来跟我开玩笑。[2] play a joke on…开某人的玩笑 We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。[3] v. joke about 取笑They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我蹩脚的英。34. take over 接管；接替；继承[1] What is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。[2] Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。35. break down[1] 破坏；拆散 ①Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。 ②The peace talks are said to have broken down. （喻）据说和谈破裂了。[2]（机器）损坏 ①Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。 ②The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。[3] 失败；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。[4] 精神崩溃；失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。[5] 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化。36. get on one's feet[1] 站起来；站起来发言[2] （=stand on one's feet）自立， 经济上独立[3] （人）病好了， 可以起床了； （使）恢复， 复苏（指企业）37. go through[1] 经历；经受；遭到 These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。[2] 完成；做完I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大学。[3] 通过；批准 ①The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项法案。②Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。[4] 全面检查；搜查 They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。38.take over 接管；接替；继承①what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。②Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。二、常考句型39. “So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的，“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句，则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。[1] He's tired, and so am I. （=I' m also tired.）[2] You can swim，and so can I.（=I can also swim.）She has had supper，and so can I.（=I've had lunch，too.）[3] Tom speaks English，and so does his sister.（=His sister speaks English，too.）A: I went to the park yesterday.B: So did I.（=I also went to the park yesterday.）40.“So +主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed,certainly, 表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实，语气较强，意思是“确实如此”。A：It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。B：So it was.的确如此。（=Yes，it was.）A：You seem to like sports.B：So I do.（=Yes，I do.）A：It will be fine tomorrow.B：So it will.（=Yes ，it will.）41.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重复。My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.（=I handed inmy composition on time.） 语文老师叫我按时交作文， 我照办了。42. So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……（的情况）也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时，要表示相同情况，必须使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒装句。She doesn't play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.43. There you are. 行了，好。 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。[1] There you are! Then let's have some coffee.除此之外，还可以表示“瞧，对吧（果然如此）”的语气。[2] There you are! I knew we should find it at last.对吧！我就知道我们最终能找到的。44. have some difficulty （in） doing sth. 干某事有困难；接名词时，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.[1] Do you have any difficulty （in） understanding English?你理解英语口语有困难吗？[2] She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她说她在发音方面有困难。45. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”，“对……有某种程度的了解”[1] He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所了解。[2] A good knowledge of languages is always useful.三、长难句46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生，很有趣。[1] fun “好玩，趣事”，不可数名词，前面不加不定冠词aYou're sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。[2] make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。funny adj. “可笑的，滑稽的”He looks very funny in his father's jacket.他穿着他父亲的衣服，看上去很滑稽。47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主语，it是形式主语。四、常考语法48. 直接引语和间接引语[1] 直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。（一般过去时改成过去完成时）I broke your CD player.→He told me he had broken my CD player.（现在完成时改成过去完成时）Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”→Jenny said she had lost a book.（一般将来时改成过去将来时）Mum said, “I'll go to see a friend.”→Mum said she would go to see a friend.（过去完成时保留原有的时态）He said, “We hadn't finished our homework.”→He said they hadn't finished their homework.注意：直接引语是客观真理，过去进行时，时态不变。[2] 在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”→Mary said her brother was and engineer.[3] 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如：He said, “Can you run, Mike?”→He asked Mike whether/if he could run.[4] 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell（ask, order, beg等） （not） to do sth.”句型。如：“Pass me the water, please.”said he.→He asked him to pass her the water.[5] 直接引语如果是以“Let's”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如：She said, “Let's go to the cinema.”→She suggested going to the cinema.或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.49. 现在进行时表将来的动作现在进行时表将来的动作，谓语通常为瞬间动词。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。[1] 用现在进行时表示将来，指的是近期的，按计划或安排要发生的动作。[2] 现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于：前者通常用瞬间动词（有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。① The train is arriving soon. 火车就要进站了。② He is reading a novel. 他在看小说。[3] 用现在进行时表示将来的时间，在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。[4] 现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于：前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的，而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情，因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。① What are you doing next Friday?下星期五你们打算干什么？② The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.飞机今晚七点半起飞。50. 主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like 等，谓语动词仍用单数。The teacher as well as his students is excited.报考考试有疑问、不知道如何考点内容、不清楚报考考试当地政策，点击底部咨询猎考网，免费获取个人学历提升方案：
Unit3（第7讲—第10讲） 4. One idea was that it reached out to “the edge of the world”。 Another idea was that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot. 这两个都是表语从句和主句中的系动词连用的句子。结构为：主语＋系动词＋表语从句。请看下面的例句：My idea is that we contact him as soon as possible.（我的想法是我们应该尽快跟他联系。） 请翻译下面的句子： 1） My suggestion is that we should put off the meeting.（我的建议是我们应该把会议延期。） 2） One advantage of solar energy is that it will never be used up.（太阳能的一个优点是用之不竭。） 3） 问题是你不在时谁照管孩子。（The problem is who will take care of the children while you are away.） 4） 看起来天要下雨。（It looks that it is going to rain.） 请注意辨析another 和other： another由 an＋other构成，只和单数可数名词连用。other可用于所有名词前。another＋单数名词表示不定的“另一个”，the other＋单数可数名词表示特指的“另一个”。 请看下面的例句： 1） This idea is not very practical， will you think of another one？（这个主意不太实际，你能另想一个吗？） 2） This book is too difficult. Show me another one.（这本书太难了，给我看另外一本。） 3） Of the three books in my bag， two are published in China， the other is published in the United States.（我包里的三本书中，两本是中国出版的，另一本是美国出版的。） 4） Tom is here， but where are the other boys？（汤姆在这儿，其他的男孩在哪儿呢？） 5） I like this coat better than the other one.（两件上衣中，我更喜欢这一件。） 6） This camera is more expensive than the other one.（这架照相机比另一架贵。） boiling hot意思是“滚热的，酷热的”。此处的boiling不是形容词而是副词，表示热的程度，修饰hot. 5. Sailors were afraid that they might sail right off the earth. 此句中，that引导的名词性从句作形容词的补足语。例如： 1） I am afraid that I can not finish the article in two hours.（我担心我两小时内写不完这篇文章。） 2） He was afraid that he couldn't give you a definite answer.（他担心他不能给你一个明确的答复。） 3） I am afraid that I have made a mistake.（我担心自己犯了一个错误。） 4） We are confident that we can overcome all the difficulties.（我们相信自己能克服所有的困难。） 对“be + 形容词 + that引起的从句”这类结构，语法家们有的认为that从句做宾语用，有的认为that从句做状语用。根据句子的逻辑意义来判断也许比较方便一些。如：I'm sorry that you failed the exam again. 这个句子中的that从句起状语作用，相当于“…because you failed the exam again.” 6. The Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific，… 在第一单元中我们讨论过副词的同等比较。本句中as big as 则是形容词的同等比较。在这类句子中，可以有表示程度的状语。例如： 1） This book is not half as interesting as that one.（这本书还不如那本书一半有趣。） 2） My monthly income is only half as much as his.（我的月收入只有他的一半多。） 3） This year our university will enroll three times as many students as it did the year before last.（我们学校今年的招生人数将是前年的三倍。） 请翻译下面的句子： 1） 我的英语口语还不及你的一半流利。（My spoken English is not half as fluent as yours.） 2） 这只手提箱还没有那只手提箱一半重。（This suitcase is not half as heavy as that one.） 3） 这个房间是那个房间的两倍。（This room is twice as large as that one.） 7. But suppose no more rain fell into it and no more water was brought to it by rivers. suppose 常常做动词用，意思是“假定；猜想；认为”。例如： 1） Let's suppose it to be true.（让我们假定这是真的。） 2） I suppose he is very nervous.（我猜想他很紧张。） 3） I supposed him to be an honest man， but he often tells lies.（我以为他很诚实，他却经常说谎。） 在本句中suppose（也可以用supposing）是一个连词，意思是“假设（= if）；假使…结果会怎么样”。例如： 1） Suppose he is ill， what shall we do？（假如他病了，我们怎么办？） 2） Suppose a tiger should come out of the cage？（如果一只老虎从笼子中跑出来怎么办？） 3） Suppose something should go wrong？（如果出了什么问题会怎么样？） 8. It would take the ocean about 4000 years to dry up. it takes （sb.） some time to do sth. 是很常用的一个句型。例如： 1） 我骑自行车到学校要花半小时。（It takes me half an hour to get to school by bike.） 2） 他花了两个星期时间才看完那本书。（It took him two weeks to finish reading that book.） 请翻译下面的句子： 1） It took the boy three hours to finish his homework.（那个男孩花了3小时才写完作业。） 2） It takes less than 4 hours to get to Shanghai by train from Nanjing.（从南京乘火车到上海只要不到4小时。） 3） 他花了4天时间才走出密林。（It took him 4 days to go out of the forest.） 4） 照顾一个生病的老人要花许多时间。（It will take a great deal of time to look after a sick old man. 9. On the average the water is a little more than two miles deep， but in places it is much deeper. on the average在句子中的意思是“平均而言”。例如： 1） On the average， they drove 70 miles an hour.（他们平均每小时行驶70英里。） 2） On the average， they spend 20 yuan on food every day.（他们平均每天花20块钱吃饭。） a little 在句子中修饰more，表示程度，意思是“一点儿，稍许”。much在句子中修饰deeper，也表示程度，加强形容词比较级，意思是“…多”。例如： 1） I feel a little cold.（我觉得有点冷。） 2） He spent a little more than 20 yuan yesterday.（昨天他花了20块多一点儿。） 3） I feel much better now.（我现在感觉好多了。） 4） She is much more careful this time.（她这一次细心多了。） 请翻译下面的句子： 1） 干了一天的工作，我觉得有点累。（I feel a little tired after a day's work.） 2） 她对她的同学有点不友好。（She is a little unfriendly to her classmates.） 3） 听了那个消息他开心多了。（He was much happier after hearing that news.） 10. This “deep” measures 30，246 feet——almost 6 miles （9.6km）。 本句中的deep做名词用，意思是“深处”，“海渊”（水深超过3000英里）。 measure 在句子中做动词用，意思是“测量”，“有…深”。例如： 1） This room measures 10 metres across.（这个房间宽10米。） 2） The bridge measures 17 kilometres long.（这座桥长17公里。） 3） The water tank only measures 2 metres deep.（这只水箱只有2米深。） 11. One of the longest mountain ranges of the world rises from the floor of the Atlantic. 本句中的 longest与课文前几段中出现的narrowest，saltiest，deepest一样，都是形容词的级形式。因为这几个词是单音节词或是以元音结尾的双音节词，所以，级的构成是在词尾加-est.对于大部分两个音节以上的形容词，级的构成是在形容词前面加most.请看例句： 1） He wants to make everybody believe that he is the happiest person in the world.（他想使每一个人相信他是世界上最幸福的人。） 2） This is the strongest horse I have ever seen.（这是我所见过的壮的马。） 3） The boss wanted to find the most careful employees.（老板想找最细心的雇工。） 4） 黄山是我所知道的最美的山之一。（Yellow Mountain is one of the most beautiful mountains I have ever known.） 5） 这条高速公路是中国最长的。（This express way is one of the longest in China. ） 6） 这本书是三本书中最有意思的。（This book is the most interesting of the three.） rise 是一个不及物动词，在句子中的意思是“升起；隆起”。例如： 1） The sun rises in the east.（太阳在东方升起。） 2） Give the child some medicine， his temperature is rising.（给孩子服药，他的体温在升高。） 3） The mountain peak rises above the clouds.（山峰高耸入云。） 请注意区别以下动词： 1） rise 不及物动词 （起立；上升，高耸；浮现） The old lady rose to her feet when she heard the doorbell. The tower rises to a height of 70 feet. An idea rises in my mind. 2） raise 及物动词 （举起；养育；提高；召集） If you have any questions， please raise your hands. When Father was in the army， Mother had a hard time raising three children. The management promised to raise the workers'salary after the negotiation. He failed to raise the money for his father's heart operation. 3） arise 不及物动词 （升起；出现；由…引起） Heavy smoke arose beyond the mountain. New problems arise when old ones are solved. His illness arose from malnutrition. 4） arouse 及物动词 （唤醒；激起，引起） The noise outside aroused him from sleep. The music aroused a feeling of homesickness in him. floor在句子中的意思是“海底”。在其他语言环境中，floor当然有其他的意思。如； 1） He lives on the seventh floor.（他住在7楼。） 2） The wood floor gives a feeling of warmth in the winter.（冬天时，木地板给我温暖的感觉。） 3） He was given the floor at the meeting.（他在会上得到了发言权。） 4）He decided to floor the kitchen with plastic tiles.（他决定用塑料砖铺厨房地面。） 12. The tops of a few of the mountains reach up above the sea and make island top 在句中做名词用，意思是“顶部，山顶”。例如： 1） He was the first to climb to the top of the hill.（他第一个爬上山顶。） 2） When we stand on the top of the mountain， the whole city is in sight.（我们站在山顶时，整个城市尽收眼底） 请翻译下面的句子，注意top的词类和意思： 1） He shouted at the top of his voice.（他放声高叫。）-n. 2） He is running at the top of his speed.（他正以最快的速度奔跑。）-n. 3） He is the top student in the class.（他是班上的尖子学生。）-adj. 4） This is the top news of the week.（这是本周的头条新闻。）-adj. 5） His father is a top diplomatic advisor.（他父亲是高级外交顾问。）-adj. 6） Mother is going to top the cake with cream.（妈妈准备在蛋糕上浇奶油。）-v. 7） He tops his father by half a head.（他比父亲高出半个头。）-v. 8） She needs a new skirt to match her top.（她需要一条新裙子配她的上衣。）-n. 与top有关的词组： come out top（名列前茅） come out on top（出人头地） from top to bottom（从上到下，彻底地） from top to toe（从头到脚；完全） on top of the world（非常幸福；心满意足） 13. Several hundred miles eastward from Florida there is a part of the ocean called the Sargasso Sea. called the Sargasso Sea 是修饰ocean的定语从句，在其前省去了which is. 请看下面的例句： 1） Opportunities are often thing （that） you have not noticed the first time around. （机会常常是第一次出现时没有被人们注意到的东西。） 2） There is much （that） the little boy can do.（有许多是那小男孩能做。） 3）He is the right person （that） I want to discuss the problem with.（他正是我想与其讨论这个问题的人。） 14. In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed here. Sometimes they were. days常常指“时期，时代”，有时也表示“一生；生命”。请看例句： 1） In his boyhood days， he often went swimming and fishing with his friends.（在他的童年时代，他常常和伙伴们一起游泳，钓鱼。） 2） In the days of Queen Victoria， the British colony expanded rapidly.（在维多利亚女王时代，英国殖民地迅速扩张。） 3） He has experienced a lot of hardships in his days.（他一生中吃了许多苦。） crew是一个集合名词，指“全体船员”，后面的谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数，此句中谓语动词用的是复数were，因为从句子中可以推断出是许多vessels（船）上的船员。Sometimes they were.句子中省略becalmed. 15. The Atlantic furnishes much food for the people on its shores. furnish sth. to sb. 意思是“为…提供”，我们同样可以用furnish sb. with sth.来表达这个意思。例如： They furnished blankets and food to the refugees.（他们为难民供应毯子和食物。） No one expected that he would furnish the information to the opponent.（谁也没有料到他会把消息提供给对手。） Luckily， they have furnished us with a car and all the necessary maps.（幸运的是他们为我们提供了一辆汽车和所有必要的地图。） 16. One of its famous fishing regions， the Grand Banks， is near Newfoundland. the Grand Banks在句子中做同位语。请看下面的例句： 1） This theory was advanced by Einstein， a famous scientist.（这个理论是由科学家爱因斯坦提出的。） 2） This is Mr. Benjamin， dean of our department.（这是我们系主任本杰明先生。） 3） Qinghai Lake， the largest inland body of salt water in China， lies 3，198 metres above sea-level.（中国的内陆咸水湖青海湖海拔3，198米。） 本课主要词组及句型 词组： 1. separate from 2. keep sb. from doing sth. 3. be unwilling to do sth. 4. between A and B 5. make sth unusual 6. so…that 7. dry up 8. on the average 9. rise from 10. furnish sth for sb. 11. pile up 12. from…to 句型： A.定语从句： 1） The Atlantic is one of the oceans that separate the Old World from the New. 2） Ocean currents affect the climates of the land near which they flow. B.表语从句： 1） One idea was that it reached out to “the edge of the world”。 2） Another idea was that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot. C.结果状语从句： 1） There is so much water in the Atlantic that it is hard to imagine how much there is. 2） We now have such fast ways of travelling that this big ocean seems to have grown smaller. D.形容词的比较级和级： 1） The Atlantic is only half as big as the Pacific， but still it is very large. 2） It is more than 4，000 miles wide where Columbus crossed it. 3） Even at its narrowest it is about 2，000 miles wide. 4） Also， it is the world's saltiest ocean. 5） The deepest spot is near Puerto Rico. E.be one of＋复数名词 The Atlantic Ocean is one of the oceans that separate the Old World from the New. F.it takes sb. some time to do sth. It would take the ocean about 4，000 years to dry up. 地理名称 1.（七）大洲和（四）大洋 Asia （亚洲） Europe（欧洲） Africa（非洲） North America（北美洲） South America（南美洲） Oceania （大洋洲） the Antarctic（南极洲） The Atlantic（大西洋） the Pacific（太平洋） the Indian（印度洋） the Arctic（北冰洋） 2.常用词 continent （大陆） continental shelf（大陆架） subcontinent（次大陆） iceberg（冰山） mountain range（山脉） volcano（火山） delta （三角洲） waterfall（瀑布） gulf（海湾） straits； channel（海峡） coast line （海岸线） beach（海滩） 3. 大西洋之最 1） The Atlantic is the second largest ocean in the world 2） The Atlantic is the saltiest ocean in the world 3） Puerto Rico Trench is the deepest in the Atlantic Ocean. 4） Gulf Stream is the strongest warm water current in the Atlantic Ocean. 5） The Grand Banks near Newfoundland is the most prosperous fishing region in the world. 6） The drainage area of the Atlantic is four times that of the Pacific or the Indian. 2. 主要属海和岛屿 the Mississippi 密西西比河 the Hudson 哈得逊河 the Amazon 亚马逊河 the Congo 刚果河 Baffin Bay 巴芬湾 the Nigeria 尼日利亚河 the Rhine 莱茵河 the Caribbean Sea 加勒比海 the Mexican Gulf 墨西哥湾 the Hudson Bay 哈得逊湾 the Mediterranean Sea 地中海 the Black Sea 黑海 the North Sea 北海 the Baltic Sea 波罗的克海 Iceland 冰岛 Greenland 格陵兰岛 Faeroe Islands 法罗群岛 Shetland Islands 设得兰岛 Bermudas 百慕大群岛 Azores 亚速尔群岛 Grenada 格陵纳达岛 Antilles 安的列斯群岛 Trinidad Islands 特里尼达群岛 Malvinas Islands 马尔维纳斯群岛 Bahamas 巴哈马群岛 Text B The Moon 短语表达 1. tie to（与…联系在一起；使束缚于…） He is seriously ill and has been tied to his bed for almost a month.（他病得厉害，已经卧床近一个月了。） Study ties smoking to many diseases.（据研究，许多疾病与抽烟有关。） I am sorry I didn't have the time to go shopping with you. I was tied to housework.（很抱歉我没能有时间和你一起去购物，家务杂事把我拴住了。） 2. except for（除了…之外） The room is empty except for some chairs.（房间里除了一些椅子空荡荡。） Your composition is well written except for some spelling mistakes.（除了几处拼写错误，你的文章写的不错） 3. be near to（靠近） The park is near to our school. Let's go boating.（公园离我们学校很近，我们去划船吧。） The police station is near to our community. It is within walking distance. （警察局离我们社区很近，步行就能到达。） 4. face towards（朝向） My office is in the building that faces towards the street.（我的办公室在那座朝街的楼里。） His new house faces towards the south.（他的新房子朝南。） 5. keep…in mind（把…记在心里） I am not sure if he would keep what you have said in mind.（我不能肯定他是否会把你说的话记在心里。） I will keep this in mind for future reference.（我会记住这个，供以后参考。） 6. light up（变亮；使容光焕发） Her face lighted up when she heard the news.（听到那个消息，她面露喜色。） His face was lighted （lit） up with excitement.（他因兴奋而满面春风。） 7. reflect（反射） Mirrors reflect light.（镜子反射光。） The white sand reflected the sun's heat（白沙地反射太阳的热气。）。 The light reflected from the water into my eyes.（光线投过水面反射到我眼里。） 8. …enough for sb. to do sth.（足以让某人做某事） The room is big enough for us to have a dancing party.（这间房够大了，我们可以在里面开舞会。） The basket is light enough for the little boy to carry.（这只篮子很轻，那个小男孩能提动。） 9. speak of（提到，说起） I have never heard him speak of his past.（我从来没有听他提起他的过去。） She always looks proud when she speaks of her son.（说到她的儿子她总是很自豪的样子。） 10. otherwise（不然；另外的） He reminded me of what I might otherwise have forgotten.（他提醒了我，不然我可能会忘记那件事。） He is a little careless， but he is otherwise quite suitable for the job.（他有点粗心，除此以外，他倒是很适合这个工作的。） He is honest， but his twin brother is otherwise.（他很诚实，而他的孪生兄弟则不然。） 11. nothing but（仅仅，除了…之外没有什么） There is nothing but a piece of bread in the cupboard.（食橱里除了一片面包什么也没有。） He asked for nothing but trust.（除了信任，他什么要求都没有。）
今天教务老师给大家收集整理了自考英语二教材语法，自考英语常用语法的相关问题解答，还有免费的自考历年真题及自考复习重点资料下载哦，以下是全国我们为自考生们整理的一些回答，希望对你考试有帮助！自考英语二难不?考什么?自考英语不难。根据免考政策，通过大学生英语四级的考生就可以免考英语。这样对比，英语要比英语四级简单。大部分省市自考一年有两次考期，每次最多可以报考4门。如果所选专业选考+必考共15门科目，选考英语，就可以减为12门科目，只需一年半就能完成考试。但选择用3门课抵，14门科目需要2年考完。因此，从拿证时间来看，想要早点拿到毕业证，建议选择英语。考试内容：试题分四部分，共48题，包括英语知识运用、阅读理解、英译汉和写作。考查目标：考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：(一)语言知识1、语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识，其中包括：名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法动词时态、语态的构成及其用法形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法常用连接词的词义及其用法非谓语动词的构成及其用法虚拟语气的构成及其用法各类从句及强调句型的结构及其用法倒装句、插入语的结构及其用法考生应能掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关词组。考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义。(二)语言技能考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料。题材包括经济、管理、社会、文化、科普等，体裁包括说明文、议论文和记叙文等。根据阅读材料考生应能：1)理解主旨要义；2)理解文中的具体信息；3)理解语篇的结构及上下文的逻辑关系；4)根据上下文推断重要生词或词组的含义；5)进行一定的判断和推理；6)理解作者的意图、观点或态度；考生应能根据所给的提纲、情景或要求完成相应的短文写作。短文应中心思想明确、切中题意、结构清晰、条理清楚、用词恰当、无明显语言错误。自考英语二怎么学习，考过的求教了我是一个高考的过来人。首先我想请阁下明白一个道理冰冻三尺非一日之寒，所以坚持很重要，英语是一门很看重积累的科目。虽然我高考已经好多年了，而且今年即将大学毕业，踏入社会。但英语一直没有丢，英语一直是我的排头兵！我对英语的自信还有，我觉得学好英语不难，重要的是你要有恒心，急躁冒进，三天打渔两天晒网都是不行的。在这里我就毛遂自荐一下我的学习方法吧：首先先你要端正心态，不要急躁，，你做你自己的事，这样才能静下心来学习。要成为英语高手就必须比别人走更多的路，做更多的事。你应该明白一个事实，英语是单词和语法的综合，所以单词和语法都要拿下。其次，对于单词，有如下几种方法，第一个，是加强记忆的频度，也就是说，早上记了几个，隔几个小时又看一次，总之一天之内，记忆的间隔不要太长，否则你辛苦积累的记忆会随着时间的延长而淡化，第二个，是可以根据自己的理解编顺口溜，比如goodmorning是狗摸你……，第三个，最重要的是，记单词的时候，不要忘了阅读，一边记单词，一边看文章，这样可以把孤立的单词串联起来，记忆的效果会加倍，第四个。我建议你记单词要分门别类记忆，要形成一个意群，比如，重要性用magnitudemagnificence，表示非常，大大地有exceedingly，tremendously，extremely……这样做在你写作时，是十分有好处的，写作时不要尽写一些低级词汇，你要写高级词汇，比如重要性写magnitude，许多写amultitudeof或者handsome。再次，是语法。学习语法，首先要明白什么是主谓宾定状补，什么是系动词，什么是直接宾语，间接宾语，这些是学习语法的基础，语法是房子，主谓宾定状补等是沙石砖瓦此外，对于完形填空以及阅读理解，那就只能靠平时的练习了，在这个过程中，你要时时总结，纵深对比，千万不要陷入题海战术只做题，不总结的误区当中。在做题的过程中，你把各种体型都总结了一遍，积累了丰富的经验，而且你还提升了自己的阅读速度，一举两得，所以做题是很重要的！其实，完形填空无非就是单项选择加语境分析，也就是说，做完形填空你的语法要好，而且你要积累比较多的固定搭配，短语，特殊用法等，完形填空的语法还是很重要的！对于阅读，我个人感觉是，纯粹是个人经验积累多少的问题，只有保证一定的练习量，你才能用质的提高！最后，我建议你，平时读报，或者做题的时候，发现有好的句子好的词汇，你要抄下来，长期下来，你的作文会有提高的，需要说明的是，这个提高过程可能很缓慢，但是最后能收到很好的效果，以前25分的作文我都能保证在21-23这个级别，靠的就是对语法的熟练掌握和积累了许多较高级的词汇，句型，句子。我个人的理解是，在你的语法达到基本不会出错的程度上，作文便应该以词汇取胜，因为在这个层次上，大家的语法都差不多，没什么变化，唯一有变化的就是你的词汇！给你打个比方吧，很多想到“许多”就用many，但是你别忘了manya；handsome；massive，innumerable；很多人想到“专家”就写expert，但很少人会想到specialist，很多人在想到“擅长”这词，就写begoodat，却不知还有更高级的表达法：beexpertat或者excelin……高手和庸才，就体现在这些细微的差别上！！自考/成考有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚当地自考/成考政策，点击底部咨询官网老师，免费领取复习资料：
自考本科英语二非常重要的考试科目，学习英语最重要的是背单词，背语法。下位小编为大家整理了50个自考英语二的高频知识点，考生可以参考。自考英语二语法知识点整理一、动词短语搭配1. be fond of “喜爱，爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式[1] He's fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。[2] Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗？[3] He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。2. hunt for = look for 寻找 hunt for a job 找工作3. in order to/so as to两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语， in order to可放于句首， so as to则不能， 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to.[1] He went to Beijing in order to/so as to attend an important meeting.[2] In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他， 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。4. care about[1] 喜欢，对……有兴趣 = care forShe doesn't care about money.她不喜欢钱。[2] 关心 = care forShe thinks only of herself. She doesn't care about other people. 她只考虑自己。不关心别人。[3] 在乎，在意（接从句或不接任何成分）These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。5. such as 意为“诸如……”，“像……”，是用来列举人或事物的。She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry. 她教三门科目，像物理、化学。6. drop a line 留下便条， 写封短信7. make yourself at home 别客气；随便；无拘束If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随便一点。8. stay up 不睡；熬夜[1] I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我将回家很晚，不要等我了。[2] He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。9. come about 引起；发生；产生[1] How did the accident come about?这场事故是怎么发生的？[2] They didn't know how the change had come about.他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。10. except for 除……之外[1] except 与 except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如：①He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最后一个，他回答了所有问题。②We go there everyday except Sunday.除了星期天，我们天天去那里。[2] except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如：①Except for oneold lady, the bus was empty.除去一个老太太，这辆公共汽车全空了。②Your picture isgood except for the colours.你的画儿很好，只是某些色彩有问题。[3] 但在现代英语中，except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一个例子可以是：He answered all the questions except for the last one.[4] 另外，在介词短语之前只能用except，不能用except for。We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏季，我们通常十点之前上床睡觉。11. end up with 以……告终；以……结束The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌结束。12. more or less 几乎；差不多；大约；大概；大体上[1] I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.我差不多成功了，而他们没有。[2] Our living condition has more or less improved.我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。13. bring in 引进；引来；吸收[1] We should bring in new technology.我们应该引进新技术。[2] He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一个月挣八百美元。14. get away（from） 逃离[1] The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。[2] I caught a really big fish but it got away.我钓到了一条好大的鱼，可是它逃掉了。15. watch out （for）注意；留心[1] Watch out! There is a car coming.小心！汽车来了。[2] Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那个坑。16. see sb. off 给某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火车站给朋友送行。17. on the other hand 另一方面； 用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等，常说 on the one hand …… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面。I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.我知道这份工作报酬不高，但从另一方面来说，我也不必工作太长时间。18. as well as 和/还 ， He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。19. take place 发生 take one's place 入座、站好位置、取得地位take sb's place 或 take the place of 代替、取代20. on fire 相当于burning, 意为“燃烧；着火；起火”，有静态的含意。catch fire有动态的含意。set…on fire/set fire to…用来表示“使……着火”、“放火烧……”。Look, the theatre is on fire! Let's go and help.瞧，剧院着火了，咱们去帮忙救火吧。21. on holiday 在度假，在休假中 When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。22. travel agency旅行社=travel bureau23. take off[1] 脱下（衣服等）， 解（除）掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋子。[2] （飞机）起飞 The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。[3] 匆匆离开 The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车，匆匆离开去公园。24. go wrong v. 走错路， 误入岐途， （机器等）发生故障25. in all adv. 总共26. stay away v.外出27. look up 查询（如宾语为代词，则代词放中间） Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典里查单词。相关词组：①look for 寻找；②look after照顾，照料；③look forward to期待；④look into调查；⑤look on旁观；⑥look out注意；⑦look out for注意，留心，提防；⑧look over翻阅，查看，检查；⑨look around环视；⑩look through翻阅，查看。28. run after 追逐，追求 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子，你一只也抓不到。29. on the air 广播[1] We will be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟以后开始广播。[2] This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出。30. think highly/well/much of对……评价很高， 赞赏， 对……印象好；think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……认为不好， 对……不在意， 不赞成， 觉得……不怎么样[1] He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他非常赞赏。[2] I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。[3] I don't think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样。31. leave out[1] 漏掉 You made a mistake—You've left out a letter “t”。你出错了—你漏掉了一个字母t.[2] 删掉， 没用 I haven't changed or left out athing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西。32. stare at （由于好奇、激动等张着嘴巴，睁大眼睛地）[1] 凝视，盯着看 Don't stare at foreigners. It's impolite.不要盯着外国人看，这样不礼貌。[2] glare at （to stare angrily at）怒视着33. make jokes about 就……说笑 They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我。[1] have a joke with … about…跟某人开关于某事的玩笑He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来跟我开玩笑。[2] play a joke on…开某人的玩笑 We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。[3] v. joke about 取笑They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我蹩脚的英。34. take over 接管；接替；继承[1] What is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。[2] Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。35. break down[1] 破坏；拆散 ①Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。 ②The peace talks are said to have broken down. （喻）据说和谈破裂了。[2]（机器）损坏 ①Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。 ②The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。[3] 失败；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。[4] 精神崩溃；失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。[5] 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化。36. get on one's feet[1] 站起来；站起来发言[2] （=stand on one's feet）自立， 经济上独立[3] （人）病好了， 可以起床了； （使）恢复， 复苏（指企业）37. go through[1] 经历；经受；遭到 These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。[2] 完成；做完I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大学。[3] 通过；批准 ①The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项法案。②Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。[4] 全面检查；搜查 They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。38.take over 接管；接替；继承①what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。②Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。二、常考句型39. “So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的，“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句，则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。[1] He's tired, and so am I. （=I' m also tired.）[2] You can swim，and so can I.（=I can also swim.）She has had supper，and so can I.（=I've had lunch，too.）[3] Tom speaks English，and so does his sister.（=His sister speaks English，too.）A: I went to the park yesterday.B: So did I.（=I also went to the park yesterday.）40.“So +主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed,certainly, 表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实，语气较强，意思是“确实如此”。A：It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。B：So it was.的确如此。（=Yes，it was.）A：You seem to like sports.B：So I do.（=Yes，I do.）A：It will be fine tomorrow.B：So it will.（=Yes ，it will.）41.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重复。My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.（=I handed inmy composition on time.） 语文老师叫我按时交作文， 我照办了。42. So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……（的情况）也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时，要表示相同情况，必须使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒装句。She doesn't play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.43. There you are. 行了，好。 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。[1] There you are! Then let's have some coffee.除此之外，还可以表示“瞧，对吧（果然如此）”的语气。[2] There you are! I knew we should find it at last.对吧！我就知道我们最终能找到的。44. have some difficulty （in） doing sth. 干某事有困难；接名词时，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.[1] Do you have any difficulty （in） understanding English?你理解英语口语有困难吗？[2] She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她说她在发音方面有困难。45. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”，“对……有某种程度的了解”[1] He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所了解。[2] A good knowledge of languages is always useful.三、长难句46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生，很有趣。[1] fun “好玩，趣事”，不可数名词，前面不加不定冠词aYou're sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。[2] make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。funny adj. “可笑的，滑稽的”He looks very funny in his father's jacket.他穿着他父亲的衣服，看上去很滑稽。47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主语，it是形式主语。四、常考语法48. 直接引语和间接引语[1] 直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。（一般过去时改成过去完成时）I broke your CD player.→He told me he had broken my CD player.（现在完成时改成过去完成时）Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”→Jenny said she had lost a book.（一般将来时改成过去将来时）Mum said, “I'll go to see a friend.”→Mum said she would go to see a friend.（过去完成时保留原有的时态）He said, “We hadn't finished our homework.”→He said they hadn't finished their homework.注意：直接引语是客观真理，过去进行时，时态不变。[2] 在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”→Mary said her brother was and engineer.[3] 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如：He said, “Can you run, Mike?”→He asked Mike whether/if he could run.[4] 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell（ask, order, beg等） （not） to do sth.”句型。如：“Pass me the water, please.”said he.→He asked him to pass her the water.[5] 直接引语如果是以“Let's”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如：She said, “Let's go to the cinema.”→She suggested going to the cinema.或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.49. 现在进行时表将来的动作现在进行时表将来的动作，谓语通常为瞬间动词。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。[1] 用现在进行时表示将来，指的是近期的，按计划或安排要发生的动作。[2] 现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于：前者通常用瞬间动词（有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。① The train is arriving soon. 火车就要进站了。② He is reading a novel. 他在看小说。[3] 用现在进行时表示将来的时间，在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。[4] 现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于：前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的，而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情，因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。① What are you doing next Friday?下星期五你们打算干什么？② The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.飞机今晚七点半起飞。50. 主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like 等，谓语动词仍用单数。The teacher as well as his students is excited.报考考试有疑问、不知道如何考点内容、不清楚报考考试当地政策，点击底部咨询猎考网，免费获取个人学历提升方案：
需要多去积累经验，多去听，要去进行背书，掌握他们的技巧词汇；是可以进行自考的，需要进行申请学习，获得国家学历的认证。
【免费定制个人学历提升方案和复习资料： 】自考学位英语有什么词汇语法答题技巧？1、积累学位英语词汇：考生在复习备考时要注意总结和积累。要熟悉掌握复用式的2,200个单词，及领会式掌握的3,500个单词。但不要满足于大纲要求的词汇，要不断扩充自己的词汇量。词汇试题的正确选择在很大程度上取决于考生词汇量的大小，以及运用词汇能力的强弱。2、掌握技巧：在具体的解题过程中，也要有意使用-些技巧。如利用表示递进与增加关系的词：and, again, also, too, besides, but, in addition to等;利用表示比较与对比关系的词：but, however, instead of等;利用表示因果关系的词：because, so, thus等;利用词法常识和生活常识判断。这些都会增加考生选择正确答案的机率。自考学位英语下方免费学历提升方案介绍： 2017年10月自考00076国际金融真题试卷 格式：PDF大小：325.3KB 201804自考00041基础会计学真题试卷 格式：PDF大小：483.03KB自考/成考考试有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚自考/成考考试当地政策，点击底部咨询猎考网，免费获取个人学历提升方案：
【免费定制个人学历提升方案和复习资料： 】自考学位英语有什么词汇语法答题技巧？1、积累学位英语词汇：考生在复习备考时要注意总结和积累。要熟悉掌握复用式的2,200个单词，及领会式掌握的3,500个单词。但不要满足于大纲要求的词汇，要不断扩充自己的词汇量。词汇试题的正确选择在很大程度上取决于考生词汇量的大小，以及运用词汇能力的强弱。2、掌握技巧：在具体的解题过程中，也要有意使用-些技巧。如利用表示递进与增加关系的词：and, again, also, too, besides, but, in addition to等;利用表示比较与对比关系的词：but, however, instead of等;利用表示因果关系的词：because, so, thus等;利用词法常识和生活常识判断。这些都会增加考生选择正确答案的机率。自考学位英语下方免费学历提升方案介绍： 2017年10月自考00076国际金融真题试卷 格式：PDF大小：325.3KB 201804自考00041基础会计学真题试卷 格式：PDF大小：483.03KB自考/成考考试有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚自考/成考考试当地政策，点击底部咨询猎考网，免费获取个人学历提升方案：
【导读】其实在英语学习过程中，一般涉及到的内容就是词汇、听力、语法、口语、写作等等，听力和口语是有联系的，听力不好，口语自然就不好了，当然它们是可以通过训练来提升的，其实总的说来，自考英语学习都是需要结合一些方法，进行对应的练习才可以的，那么自考英语学习方法有哪些?如何有效进行备考呢?
自考英语学习方法
1、听力不好，口语就很差，我们应该跟着语音大声读出来，多读，培养起英语语感，然后再进行对话练习就好多了。
2、在听力和单词都很熟练的情况下，语法的构成及运用也是很重要的，如要不会运用语法，就会导致在与人交流和写作时遇到瓶颈。一旦作文写不好，学习英语就不知道综合掌握运用自如，成绩就会难有突破;即使掌握了听力、语法，阅读题还是有可能会做错，所以在我们的学习过程中，随便哪个专项薄弱，都不能取得好成绩。
3、语言重点，所谓语言重点就是口语学习初级和中级阶段的重点。以听说实践为主。目标是掌握大量的生活用语、固定表达法。学会交流。在选材时尽量选择生活会话教材。教材内的题材越熟悉，学习的效率就会越高。
自考英语备考建议
1、精读精练
学生用书的内容与考试联系紧密，建议大家买一本同步辅导作为辅助。一定要是官方且正规的书籍。同步辅导和课文的12个Module是对应的，在课文前增加了词语准备的部分，并指出学习重点，提供课文翻译和参考答案，做好了标注也能节约很多的学习时间。
2、做笔记
做笔记是一个恒古不变的话题，但是还是很多人不知道从何下手，我建议大家准备1到2本笔记本，一本用来记重点词汇和句型，另一本用来记错题和答题要点，这样方便复习。有所区分也能节约后期的复习时间，大家一定要根据自身情况有针对性地记笔记，切忌盲目记录，避免因为笔记拖慢学习进度，适得其反。笔记做好之后也要抽时间来查看和温习，才会有效果。
以上就是自考英语备考建议以及学习方法，希望对大家能有所帮助，自考英语的学习最重要的就是针对薄弱点，及时的查漏补缺，提高单词量的掌握，才是提高英语学习成绩的最好方法，当然对于词汇语法学习，自然要总结一些自考英语词汇语法答题技巧，听力和口语学习也是一样的，更多相关资讯，欢迎及时关注!
一. 词汇 ⑴ 单词 1. 介词：in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示"在……中"， "在……内"。例如： in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里 in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里 2). on 表示"在……上"。例如： on the wall 在墙上 on the desk 在桌子上 on the blackboard 在黑板上 3). under表示"在……下"。例如： under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床下 4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如： behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后 5). near表示"在……附近"。例如： near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近 near the bed 在床附近 6). at表示"在……处"。例如： at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口 7). of 表示"……的"。例如： a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图 2. 冠词 a / an / the: 冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple. a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。 This is a cat. 这是一只猫。 It's an English book. 这是一本英语书。 His father is a worker. 他的爸爸是个工人。 the既可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。 Who's the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是谁呀？ ------ What can you see in the classroom? ------ I can see a bag. ------ Where's the bag? ------ It's on the desk. ------- 你能在教室里看到什么呀？ ------ 我能看见一个书包。 ------ 书包在哪呀？ ------ 在桌子上。 3.some和any ①在肯定句中用some.例如： There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。 Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。 ②在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如： Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗？ Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗？ There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。 ⑵记住它们的特殊用法。 ①some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中，这一点我们不久就会学到。例如： Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗？ ②any也可用于肯定句中，表示"任何的"。例如： Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。 some 和any的用法是经常出现的考点，希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。 4.family family看作为一个整体时，意思是"家庭"，后面的谓语动词be用单数形式 is ；如把family看作为家庭成员时，应理解为复数，后面的谓语动词be应用are。 My family is a big family. 我的家庭是个大家庭。 My family are all at home now. 我的家人现在都在家。 Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长大的环境和居住地点。 house指"家"、"房屋"，侧重居住的建筑本身。 His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人。 My home is in Beijing. 我的家在北京。 He isn't at home now. 他现在不在家。 It's a picture of my family. 这是一张我全家的照片。 5. little的用法 a little dog 一只小狗，a little boy 一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。 *但little还可表示否定意义，意为"少的"，加不可数名词。 There is little time. 几乎没时间了。 There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。 ⑵ 词组 on the desk 在桌子上 behind the chair 在椅子后 under the chair 在椅子下面 in her pencil-box 在她的铅笔盒中 near the door 在门附近 a picture of a classroom 一个教室的图片 look at the picture 看这张图片 the teacher's desk 讲桌 a map of China 一张中国地图 family tree 家谱 have a seat 坐下，就坐 this way 这边走 二. 日常用语 1. Come and meet my family. 2. Go and see. I think it's Li Lei. 3. Glad to meet you. 4. What can you see in the picture? I can see a clock / some books. 5. Can you see an orange? Yes, I can. / No, I can't. 6. Where's Shenzhen? It's near Hong Kong. 7. Let me see.（口语）让我想想看。 see 在这是"明白、懂了"，不可译作"看见"。例如： 8. Please have a seat. seat表示"座位"，是个名词。have a seat表示"就坐"，也可以说take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。 三. 语法 1. 名词所有格 名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用名词所有格的形式，意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式： （1）. 一般情况下在词尾加"'s"。例如： Kate's father Kate的爸爸 my mother's friend 我妈妈的朋友 （2）. 如果复数名词以s结尾，只加"'"。例如： Teachers' Day 教师节 The boys' game 男孩们的游戏 （3）. 如果复数名词不以s结尾，仍加"'s"。例如： Children's Day 儿童节 Women's Day 妇女节 （4）. 表示两个或几个共有时，所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如： Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房间 Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸 动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加"'s"，而常常用介词of的短语来表示。 a map of China 一幅中国地图 the name of her cat 她的猫的名字 a picture of my family 我的家庭的一张照片 the door of the bedroom 卧室的门 2. 祈使句 祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语，读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌，常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾时，please前多用逗号。 （1）. 祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。 Go and see. 去看看。 Come in, please. 请进。 （2）. 祈使句的否定形式常用don't于句首。 Don't look at your books. 不要看书。 Don't play on the road. 不要在马路上玩。 3. There be 的句子结构 There be是一个"存在"句型，表示"有"的意思， 肯定句的形式为：There be + 名词（单数或复数）+地点状语或时间状语。 be动词单复数的确定，看be后边第一个名词，当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时，be动词形式为is；当所接主语为复数名词时，be动词为are；当be动词后接两个以上主语时，be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为"某地有某人或某物"。如： There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。 There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。 （1）there be的否定句，即在be的后面加上not。 否定形式为：There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。 There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。 There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。 （2）there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首：Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语？肯定回答：Yes, there is / are. 否定回答：No, there isn't / aren't. ---Is there a dog in the picture? 画上有一只狗吗？ ---Yes, there is. 有。 ---Are there any boats in the river? 河里有船吗？ ---No, there aren't. 没有。 （3）特殊疑问句：How many . . . are there (+地点状语)？"某地有多少人或物？"回答用There be . . . There's one. / There are two / three / some . . . 有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . . ---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生？ ---There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。 （4）如果名词是不可数名词，用：How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语？ How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水？ How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物？
Unit4（第11讲—第13讲） 3. Meaningfulness affects memory at all levels. affect 是动词，意思是“影响”。常常会有一些英语学习者把动词affect和名词effect混淆，请注意下面的句子： 1） The drought would surely affect the harvest.（这场干旱肯定会影响到收成。） 2） Excessive smoking affected his health， bad coughs often made it difficult to breathe.（过度吸烟影响了他的健康，严重的咳嗽使他难以呼吸。） 3） Psychologists believe that colors have a definite effect on people.（心理学家认为颜色对人肯定有影响。） 4） We could all see the effects of the illness on him.（我们都能看出那场病在的身上的影响。） 5） 职务的变化使他的收入大受影响。（The change in position greatly affected his income.） 6） 他的话对听众没有任何影响作用。（What he said had little effect on the audience.） 4. Information that doesn't make any sense to you is difficult to remember. that引导的定语从句修饰information； 主句是Information is difficult to remember. 不定式to remember 用在做表语用的形容词后面作状语。请看下面的句子： 1） Einstein was easy to get along with.（爱因斯坦很容易相处。） 2） To many foreigners， Chinese is hard to learn.（对许多外国人来说汉语很难学。） 3） The water in this river is not fit to drink.（这条河里的水不适合饮用。） 4） This question is very difficult to answer.（这个问题很难回答。） make sense 的意思是“有意义；可理解”。请看下面的句子： 1） No matter how you read it， this sentence doesn't make any sense to me.（无论你怎么读，我都不理解这个句子。） 2） What the writer wanted to express in his book doesn't make any sense to the readers.（读者们无法理解作者在书中所要表达的意思。） 3） His explanation makes no sense to his students.（学生们不理解他的解释。） 5. Organization also makes a difference in our ability to remember. 动词不定式to remember在句中做定语，修饰名词ability.请看下面的句子： 1） You should have confidence in your ability to fulfill the task.（你们应对自己完成认务的能力有信心。） 2） He has kept the promise to come early in the morning.（他遵守了一大早来的诺言。） 3） They have the determination to overcome all the difficulties.（他们有克服所有困难的决心。） 4） We could see her anxiety to solve the problem.（我们能看出她急于解决这个问题。） make a difference 的意思是“有关系；有影响；起作用”。请看下面的句子： 1） What he said would not make any difference in my decision-making.（他说的话不会对我做决定产生任何影响。） 2） Your participation in the work will make a great difference.（你参与我们的工作，情况就不一样了。） 3） Money won't make much difference to him.（钱对他起不了多大作用。） 4） I didn't like the appearance of the house， but the location and price made all the difference.（我不喜欢那房子的外观，但它的位置和价格起了重要作用。） 6. Material that is organized is better remembered than jumbled information. 句中的better是副词well的比较级形式，意思是“更好地”。请看下面的句子： 1） This story is better written than that one.（这个故事写得比那个好。） 2） This room is better furnished than that one.（这间屋子装饰得比那间好。） 3） This team is better trained than that one.（这个队训练得比那个队好。） 4） This job is better paid than that one.（这份工作的报酬比那份高。） information是一个不可数名词，不能在其后加“-s”。请看例句： 1） There are many ways of obtaining information.（获得信息的途径很多。） 2） So far I haven't got any information about the game.（我至今还没有得到有关比赛的任何消息。） 3） I am sure this piece of information will be of great value to them.（我肯定这一消息对他们会很有价值。） 7. Chunking consists of grouping separate bits of information. 在第一单元的Text B中我们已经对consist of有所了解。这一词组的意思是“由…组成”，它与be made up of；be composed of 的意思相近，但consist of 不用被动语态。请看例句： 1） The United States consists of 50 states.（美国由50个州组成。） 2） The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.（英国由大不立颠和北爱尔兰组成。） 3） Their team is made up of 6 team members.（他们队由6名队员组成。） 4） Our class is made up of 45 students.（我们班由45名同学组成。） a bit在句中的意思是“一点，一些”，它可以用在形容词的前面， 但是不能用在名词的前面。在名词前面必须用a bit of.请看下面的例句： 1） I am a bit tired today.（我今天有点累。） 2） He said he was bit hungry.（他说他有点饿。） 3） Your article is a bit long for our paper. （你的文章对我们的报纸来说有点长了。） 4） He gave the bird a bit of water. （他给了鸟儿一点水。） 5） I would appreciate it if you could give me a bit of good advice.（如果你能给我一点宝贵建议我会很感激的。） 6） I only know a bit of Spanish. （我只懂一点点西班牙语。） 8. Categorizing is another means of organization. 句中的means是一个名词，意思是“方式；手段”，它不是动词mean的第三人称单数。请看下面的例句： 1） The quickest means of travel is by plane. （最快的旅行方式是乘飞机。） 2） Bicycle is the most convenient means of transport. （自行车是最方便的交通工具。） 3） Email is a modern means of communication. （电子邮件是一种现代通讯方式。） 4） He means what he says. （他说话算数。） 5） Forgetting the past means betrayal. （忘记过去就意味着背叛。） 9. Many people will group them into similar categories and remember them as follows： group into在句中的意思是“把…分组；把…归类”。请看例句： 1） We can group the animals into several types. （我们可以把这些动物归成几类。） 2） Group the words into similar categories and they will be more easily to remember.（把类型相似的单词归类，记起来就更容易了。） as follows 的意思是“如下”，请看例句： 1） The full text reads as follows： （全文如下：） 2） The results are as follows： （结果如下：） 10. Association refers to taking the material we want to remember and relating it tosomething we remember accurately. refer to这一词组的意思很多，我们在单词部分已做过讲解。该词组在本句中的意思是“涉及；指”。请看下面的句子： 1） In the second chapter I will refer to this point again.（在第二章中，我还会提到这一点的。） 2） The numbers in my article refer to the footnotes.（我文章中的数目字指的是注脚。） 3） The author referred to his grandfather several times in his story.（作者在他的故事中几次提到他的祖父。） we want to remember 和we remember accurately都是省略了that的定语从句，前者修饰material，后者修饰something.请看例句： 1） The book you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。） 2） The news he told me disturbed all of us greatly.（他告诉我的那个消息使我们大家深感不安。） 3） The information you gathered is of great help to me.（你收集的那些信息对我很有帮助。） 句子中的it指的是the material.relate…to 在句子中的意思是“与…有关系”，请看例句： 1） His talk mainly related to environmental protection.（他的讲话主要是关于环境保护的。） 2） This regulation relates only to children under 12.（这一规则仅适用于12岁以下儿童。） 11. Research has shown striking improvements in many types of memory tasks when people are asked to visualize the items to be remembered. striking在句子中做形容词用，意思是“显著的，引人注目的”，请看例句： 1） They made a striking commercial success within 5 years.（在5年的时间里，他们在商业上取得了惊人的成功。） 2） Helen's facial features bore a striking resemblance to her mother's.（海伦的面部特征与她的母亲十分相像。） 3） I am not sure whether he can make it this time. I just feel he has a striking lack of confidence.（我不能确定他这次能否成功，其只是觉得他明显信心不足。） to be remembered不定式的被动形式做定语，修饰the items.请看例句： 1） There are a lot of things to be done.（有很多事要做。） 2） Are you going to the press conference to be held this weekend？（你准备参加本周末举行的记者招待会吗？） 3） This was the first project to be designed John's brother. （这是约翰的哥哥设计的第一个工程。） 12. In one study， subjects in one group were asked to learn some words using imagery， while the second group used repetition to learn the words. subject在本句中做名词用，意思是“受试者，实验对象”。Subject这个词的词义很多，请看例句，注意subject的词义： 1） The subject of today's discussion is “Population and Education”。（今天讨论的题目是“人口与教育”。） 2） The teacher explained in details the subject of the story to the whole class.（老师把故事的主题详细讲给全班同学听。） 3） How many subjects are you taking this semester？（这学期你选几门课？） 4） He became the subject for ridicule.（他成了人们取笑的对象。） 5） Rabbits and mice are often subjects for medical experiments.（兔和鼠常被用作医学实验的对象。） 6） He is a Chinese subject.（他是中国国民。） 7） This sentence doesn't have a subject.（这个句子没有主语。） subject还常常做动词或形容词用，请看例句： 1） The country was once subjected to foreign rule.（这个国家曾一度受外国统治。） 2） Taipei was subjected to serious earthquakes last year.（台北去年遭受了严重的地震灾害。） 3） We are all subject to the laws of nature.（我们都要受自然规律的支配。） 4） The child is very subject to coughs.（这孩子动不动就咳嗽。） 5） All men are subject to death.（人总有一死。） while 在句子中做连词用，意思是“而，然而”。while也是一个多义词，请注意下面例句中while 的意思： 1） Strike while the iron is hot.（趁热打铁。） 2） He listened to the radio while he was doing his homework.（他一边听收音机，一边做作业。） 3） He is talkative while his twin brother is of few words.（他很健谈，而他的孪生兄弟则少言寡语。） 4） While the old man is respected， he is not well liked.（这个老人很受尊敬，但不太受喜欢。） 5） You will succeed sooner or later while you don't lose heart.（只要你不失去信心，你迟早会成功。） using imagery分词做状语，表示方式，请看例句： 1） They stood there waiting for the bus. 2） She had to work standing up. 13. Thus forming an integrated image with all the information placed in a single mental picture can help us to preserve a memory. 划线部分是该句的主要成分，forming an integrated image动名词短语做主语，can help做谓语，us to preserve a memory做复合宾语。 斜体部分是一个“with + 名词 + 过去分词”的独立结构，做方式状语，修饰动名词短语forming an integrated image. 不定式与名词或代词构成复合结构，做动词宾语的现象在英语中很常见，在前几讲中我们也遇到过。再请看几个例句： 1） Would you like Tom to go with you？（你愿意汤姆和你一起去吗？） 2） He wants you to see him in the afternoon.（他想让你下午去见他。） 3） Father encouraged him to study harder.（父亲鼓励他更加努力学习。） 4） I will get someone to help you.（我去找个人来帮你。） “with + 名词 + 过去分词”的独立结构在英语中也很常见，请看例句： 1） With the problem solved， the plan is going on smoothly.（随着这个问题的解决，计划正顺利进行。） 2） Standing there is a torture to her， with so many eyes fixed on her.（这么多人注视着她，于她而言，站在那儿是一种折磨。） 本课主要词组及句型 词组： 1. focus on 2. a number of 3. at all levels 4. make sense 5. make a difference 6. in random order 7. consist of 8. group into 9. as follows 10. needless to say 11. refer to 12. relate…to 13. associate with 14. compare with 句型： A.定语从句 1） Psychological research has focused on a number of basic principles that helps memory. 2） Information that does not make any sense to you is difficult to remember 3） There are several ways in which we can make material more meaningful. 4） Material that is organized is better remembered than jumbled information. 5） Association refers to taking the material we want to remember and relating it to something we remember accurately. B. 动名词做主语 1） Chunking consists of grouping separate bits of information. 2） Categorizing is another means of organization. 3） Forming an integrated image with all the information placed in a single mental picture can help us to preserve a memory. Text B Short-term Memory 短语表达 1. at a later time Go ahead with your work， I will give you a call at a later time. I am not sure if I can remember all this at a later time. 2. in contrast （with / to） Helen is very talkative. In contrast， her elder sister is silent. His rudeness was in striking contrast with Jack's thoughtfulness. 3. look up I don't remember Tom's telephone number， will you please look it up in the telephone book for me？ Look up the dictionary for the meaning of this new word. 4. be unable to I am really sorry that I was unable to give you a call beforehand. He was unable to provide us with more information. 5. be released from He was released from prison after he had been kept there for 5 years. He was released from a hospital last week after treatment for a disease. 6. be rewarded with The winner was rewarded with gift of fruit and flowers. If the rat could find the right door， it would be rewarded with food.
Unit7（第20讲—第22讲） 本课主要构词法 affixation （词缀法） 1. 名词后缀 -iondefinition 2. 名词后缀 -agemarriage 3. 名词后缀 -itysecurity 4. 形容词后缀 -alagricultural，industrial，traditional，social 5. 动词后缀 -izeindustrialize 本课简介 在Families这篇课文中，作者首先告诉我们对于不同的人来说“家庭”有不同的含义，但是家庭意味着某种归属这一点是所有人的共识。作者还对核心家庭和大家庭的演变进行了分析，从中我们更可以看出家庭成员在家庭中的角色和作用的变化。 本课语言点 1. …a group of people related by blood or marriage， … 句子中的by常可与某些名词连用，在名词前面不加定冠词the，意思相当于“with regard to”，“according to”。请看下面的例句： 1） He is an Englishman by birth. （他祖籍英国。） 2） He is a teacher by profession. （他以医生为职业。） 3） By birth and by education Thomas Jefferson belonged to the highest social class， but he never looked down upon the working-class people. （按其出生和所受的教育，托马斯·杰弗逊都属于社会的了阶层，但他从来不轻视劳动人民。） relate是一个动词，在句子中的意思是“使联系”。请看例句： 1）It is not difficult for people to relate the result to the cause. （人们要把结果和原因联系起来并不困难。） 2）It might be more helpful to you if you can relate theory to practice.（如果你能把理论和实践联系起来，对你的帮助也许会更大。） relate还可解释为叙述；有关，涉及；相处得好 1） He related us a story vividly. （他生动地给我们讲述了一个故事。） 2） His talk related to the international situation. （他的讲话涉及国际形势。） 3） He relates very well to his classmates. （他和同学们相处得很好。） related可以做形容词用，意思是“有联系的，相关的。” 1） These four people are closely related to each other. （这四个人联系紧密。） 2） He is very much interesting in painting and the related arts. （他对绘画及其有关的艺术很感兴趣。） 2. …all those people descended from a common ancestor， …所有来自同一祖先的人们。 “descended from a common ancestor”是一个省略了that的定语从句，修饰people.descended from的意思是“传下，遗传”，如： 1） His family were descended from an Indian tribe. （他的家庭是印第安部落的后裔。） 2） Darwin concluded that men were descended from apes. （达尔文断定人由猿进化而来。） descend to 的意思是“屈尊，降低；转而说到” 1） The firm had descended to using nude pictures for advertising. （那家公司堕落到用*照做广告。） 2）Mr. Lee then descended to the details we had to be careful about.（李先生转而谈到了我们必须注意的细节问题。） common是一个形容词，意思是“共有的，共同的；普通的”，请看例句： 1）No doubt， this is a grammatical mistake common to beginners in English. （毫无疑问，这是英语初学者常犯的语法错误。） 2）How could you have no idea about this common knowledge？ （对这个普通常识你怎么会一无所知。） 3）They have no common interests. （他们没有共同的爱好。） 3. Some people thank of a family as a mother， a father， and their children， … think of …as …是一个很常用的词组，意思是“把…看作…”，如： 1） He often thinks of himself as a genius. （他常把自己看作为天才。） 2） The Yellow River is thought of as the cradle of the Chinese nation. （黄河被看作为中华民族的摇篮。） 与think of…as…意思相近的词组在英语中还有很多。如： regard…aslook upon…as… see…as…view…as… consider…as… 4. For others， having a family simply means having children. 本句中，having a family做主语，mean为谓语动词，having children 做宾语。mean在句中的意思是“意味着”。当mean作“意味着”解释时，在它的后面应该跟名词或者动名词，如： 1）Accepting the job would mean moving to another city. （接受这份工作将意味着我得搬到另一个城市去。） 2）A raise in the worker's salary will mean a cut in the profit. （增加工人的工资意味着利润的降低。） 当mean作“意欲，打算”解释时，在它的后面通常跟不定式，如： 1）I didn't mean to offend you. （我无意冒犯你。） 2）I meant to give you the book yesterday， but I forgot it. （我原打算昨天把书给你的，但我忘了。） 5. Some families have long histories， while others know very little about their ancestors. 请注意while的用法，在本句中while是一个表示转折意味的连词，意思是“然而”。如：Fred gambled all his money away while Jane saved every penny for her son's schooling. （弗雷德赌输了他所有的钱，而珍妮却为儿子的教育攒下每一分钱。） while在不同的语境中有不同的意思，请翻译下面的句子，注意while的词义。 1）They decided to find a less expensive place to stay while in Paris.（在巴黎期间，他们打算找个更便宜的地方住。） 2）He looked at his watch several times while talking to her. （在跟她交谈时，他看了几次表。） 3）One group of children are quiet， while the second group was very active. （一组孩子很安静，而第二组孩子非常活跃。） 4）While I have sympathy for these people， I think they are guilty. （尽管我同情这些人，但我觉得他们有罪。） 5）We will succeed while we don't lose hope. （只要我们不失去希望，我们就会成功。） 6. No matter if it is young or old， large or small traditional or modern， every family has a sense of what a family is. no matter if 连接让步状语从句，更常见的是用no matter whether.除了no matter whether以外，no matter wh-引导的让步状语从句还有：no matter what， no matter who， no matter whose， no matter which， no matter when， no matter where， no matter how等等。而用wh-ever引导让步从句也是十分常见的。请看下面的例句： 1） No matter what happens， please let me know. （无论发生什么事，请让我知道。） 2） No matter who telephones， tell him I'm out. （无论谁来电话，告诉他我出去了。） 3） No matter how hard I tried， I couldn't succeed. （无论我多努力，我总不能成功。） 4） No matter whether you believe it or not， it's truth. （无论你信不信，那总是事实。） 5） No matter where you go， I will follow you. （无论你去哪里，我都跟着你。） 6） No matter which book you like you can have it. （无论你喜欢哪本书，你都可以拿去。） 7） No matter whose money it is， we can't spend it so carelessly. （无论是谁的钱，我们都不能这样随意地花） 上述某些句子可以用wh-ever表述如下： 1） Whatever happens， please let me know. 2） Whoever telephones， tell him I'm out. 3） However hard I tried， I couldn't succeed. 4） Wherever you go， I will follow you. 5） Whichever book you like， you can have it. 7. It is that feeling of belonging， of love and security that comes from living together， helping and sharing. 本句中的it代指课文前一句中的a sense of what a family is. feeling of belonging 意思为“归属感”。 security 是一个名词，意思是“安全”。 that comes from living together， helping and sharing 是定语从句，修饰that feeling of belonging， of love and security. 8. However， with the change from an agricultural to an industrial society， many nuclear families moved away from the family home in order to find work. 本句中的however是一个表示转折意味的副词，有承接上文的作用，可以使这个句子和前面的句子连接得更紧密，有些接近连词。请看例句： 1） This， however， is not your fault. （但这不是你的错。） 2） I'd like to go with you， however， my hands are full. （我很想和你一起去，可是我忙不过来。） 句中的with是一个介词，意思是“随着”，请看例句： 1）With the change of the economic foundation， the superstructure has to be transformed too.（随着经济基础的改变，上层建筑也必须改造。） 2）With the development of science and technology， the society is changing rapidly.（随着科学技术的发展，社会在迅速地改变。） with是一个十分常用的介词，请看下面的句子，注意with的用法和词意： 1）Who will go with you？ （谁和你一起去？） 2）The teacher is very strict with us. （老师对我们很严格。） 3）At the news we all jumped with joy. （听了这个消息，我们都高兴得跳了起来。With表示原因。） 4）He wanted to kill two birds with one stone. （他想一举两得。With意为“用，以”，译法可灵活。） 5）China is a country with a large population. （中国是一个有众多人口的国家。With表示“有，带有”） 6）He finished this work with great difficulty. （他好不容易才完成了这项工作。With引起短语作方式状语。） 7）He was sitting in a chair with his hands folded. （他双手交叉在胸前坐在椅子上。With引导独立结构：with+名词+过去分词，做方式状语。） 8）What's wrong with you？ （你怎么了？with意为“就…来说”） 9）With your knowledge and experience， you are sure to find a good job. （以（凭）你的知识和经验，你肯定会找到一份好工作。） 10）With all his shortcomings， he was a nice person. （尽管他有缺点，他还是个不错的人。） 句子中的in order to find work做目的状语，除了用in order to 以外，还可以用so as to，也可以把in order，so as省去，只用不定式。请看例句： 1）He decided to study harder （so as ） to catch up with the others. （他决定加紧学习好赶上别人。） 2）He ran out in a hurry （in order） to catch the last bus. （为了赶上末班车，他匆匆向外跑去。） 9. Therefore we can say that the nuclear family becomes more important than the extended family as the society industrializes. 句子中的therefore是一个副词，通常用来表示后面将要表述的内容是前面已经表述的内容的结果，也可以用来引导一个结论。类似的表达还有：so，consequently，as a result 等等。请看例句： 1）It rained， therefore the football match was put off. （天下雨，所以足球比赛延期了。） 2）He is too careless， as a result he failed the exam. （他太粗心，所以考试没及格。） 3）He was ill for about a month， consequently he lagged behind his classmates.（他病了一个月，因此落在了同学后面。） as the society industrializes随着社会的工业化。as是一个连词，表示“当…时”。请看例句： 1）As time goes on， you'll like this place better. （随着时间的推移，你会更喜欢这个地方。） 2）As he talked on he got more and more excited. （他谈着的时候，越来越兴奋。） 本课中还有： 1）The nuclear family is becoming smaller as parents want fewer children. 2）As social scientists study these two new family forms， they will be able to tell us more about the future of the nuclear family in the post-industrial age. 10. social scientists now talk of two new family forms… 本句中的talk是一个不及物动词，在表达“谈论某人（某事）”时，talk后面应该用介词of或者about.请看例句： 1）What are you talking about？ （你们在谈什么？） 2）They are talking of visiting Mr. Zhang. （他们正谈论去看张先生的事。） 3） What do you mean when you talk about culture？ （你谈论文化时指的是什么？） Text B The Changing American Family 短语表达 1. all over We have friends all over the world. I have been looking all over for him. 2. provide for Father had to work very hard to provide food and clothes for the family. They are trying to provide some guidance for the newcomers. 3. be expected to Parents are expected to provide for their children. You are expected to be here before eight. 4. take care of The nurse took care of the old lady when her daughter was away. The cat and the dog were taken good care of. 5. on the other hand I don't think this proposal is workable. On one hand we don't have so much money， on the other hand time is too limited. 6. be considered to be He is considered to be the best candidate for the job. Father is considered to be a humorous and responsible person. 7. in addition （to） In addition， there are some magazines on the table. In addition to bread， we had some milk and eggs for breakfast. 8. make decision You have to make an immediate decision about the project. It is difficult for me to make a decision right now. 9. help with He hoped that his brother would help him with his math. At weekends I often help my mother with the housework. 10. in contrast In contrast with the low grade I got， Paul got a full mark on the biology test. Their club， in contrast， reached a membership of 2000 last year. 11. give up You will amount to nothing if you always give up easily. The doctor persuaded my father to give up smoking. 12. get ready for He got up early in the morning in order to get ready for the exam. I haven't got ready for the interview yet. 13. be busy doing Mother is busy cooking in the kitchen. The teacher is busy distributing the test papers. 14. in conclusion She will say a few words about the arrangement in conclusion. In conclusion， the old people are happy in most of the Asian countries. 15. instead of Instead of getting the bike repaired he bought a new one. Who is going to the meeting instead of you？
7.The most common use of telecommunication satellites，however，has been for transmitting telephone calls.however 在本句中做副词用，意思相当于but.但是however和but在用法上是有差异的。however不放在句首或句末时，前后通常都加逗号，而but则不用。请看例句： 1）It is not，however， the only answer to the question. （然而，这不是问题的答案。） 2）I'd like to go and see the films，however，I don't have the time. （我很想去看电影，但我没时间。） 3）However，we still have 10minutes left. （不过，我们还有十分钟。） 4）The composition is well written， there is room for improvement， however. 5）I am sorry，but I won't be able to come this time. （很报歉，我这次不能来了。） 6）He would like to go， but he was busy. （他想去，但他太忙。） 7）It's not cheap， but it's really good. （这个不便宜，但的确很好。） 8. Telecommunication can make information from around the world available to use quickly and easily， but some people worry that this may be a risk to our privacy. available是一个形容词，意思是“可得到的；可用的；有效的”。 1）I am sorry those shoes are not available in your size. （很报歉，那些鞋没你的尺码。） 2）If I am not available when you call， leave a message. （你打电话来时如果我不在，请留个言。） 3）If the tickets is available， I will go to the concert. （如果能弄到票，我会去听音乐会。） 4）The ticket is available on the day of issue only. （此票仅发售当天有效。） 9.We can prevent this from happening by carefully controlling the new technology. prevent…from…意思为“阻止…发生”，也可用stop…from…或keep…from.From可被省去。例如： 1）They tried every means to prevent the disease （from） spreading. （他们想方设法阻止疾病曼延。） 2）Nothing can prevent him （from） going there.（什么也阻止不了他去那儿。） 本课主要词组及语法要点 词组： 1. at the beginning of 2.means of 3. over long distance 4. by the middle of 5. such as 6. change into 7. from…to… 8. be capable of 9. not only…but… 10.in theory 11. have access to 12.amount of 13. provide…to… 14.follow sb's instructions 15. care for 16. as well as 17. at the same time 18. make…available 19. pay for 20.isolate…from… 语法： 1.过去完成时 1）…both radio and television had be come established means of transmitting sounds and pictures. 2. 非限定性定语从句 1）…radio waves， which are then sent from a station on earth to an orbiting satellite. 2）…back to earth， where another station picks them up and changes them back into television signals. 3）The combination of satellites，which transmit information，computers，which store information，and television，which displays information，will change every home into an education and entertainment center. 2. 宾语从句 1）We must remember that technology alone is not the answer. 2）The satellite also demonstrated how it could provide help to people living in isolated areas…。 3. 注意such as，as well as，as的用法 1）In order to transmit an event such as the Olympics via satellite， … 2）…printed materials such as books and magazines. 3）…as well as get any information they need， … 4）As one telecommunication expert days， … Text B What People Don't Know about Air 短语表达 1. without We couldn't have finished the work so soon without your help. Without air，there would be no wind or clouds. 2. adv. + past participle It is widely known that the earth goes around the sun. It is generally believed that the earth is getting hotter. 3. where Where there is a will，there is a way. Where there is hope，there is life. 4. be forced to He was forced to drop out of school. They were forced to work 14 hours a day. 5. shelter v.& n. Mother tried to shelter her from the blow of the tragic news. You have to find shelter from the blazing sun. 6. protect from It is necessary that we protect our skin from being burned by the sun. She had his umbrella to protect her from the sun. 7. deadly adj. They made a deadly attack on the enemy's air base. A drop of this poison might be deadly to man. 8. burst As he braked a tire burst. All the boys burst from their tents. Everybody in the room burst out laughing. The little girl burst into tears. 9. rest upon His arm rested upon the table. The task rested upon my shoulder. His eyes rested upon a strange object. 10. gaze at He was standing at the window， gazing at the street. What are you gazing at？ 11. not…until He didn't go out to play until he finished his homework. No one was to go to bed until further order. 12. in the meantime His case won't come to court for several months， and in the meantime more than half of the people think him guilty. At last we were released. In the meantime， our friend had informed the newspaper. 13. pay attention to Please pay more attention to your spelling next time. I didn't pay much attention to what he said yesterday. 14. add to If you praise others more often， you can add great happiness to their life. What he said just now added to my confusion.