Chapter II The Neoclassical Period 一。新古典主义时期概述 1. 识记：（1）新古典主义时期的界定 （2）政治经济背景 （3）启蒙运动的意义与影响 2. 领会：（1）启蒙运动的主张与文学的特点 （2）新古典主义时期文学的艺术特点 3. 应用：启蒙运动，新古典主义，英雄双行诗，英国现实主义小说等名词的解释 1. 识记Definitions of literary terms 1） The Enlightenment Movement The 18th-century England is known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason. The Enlightenment Movement was a progressive intellectual movement which flourished in France & swept through the whole Western Europe at the time. The movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance of the 15th & 16th centuries. Its purpose was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modem philosophical & artistic ideas. The enlighteners celebrated reason or rationality， equality & science. They called for a reference to order， reason & rules & advocated universal education. Famous among the great enlighteners in England were those great writers like John Dryden， Alexander pope & so on. 2） Neoclassicism In the field of literature， the Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works. This tendency is known as neoclassicism. According to the neoclassicists， all forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek & Roman writers （Homer， Virgil， & so on）& those of the contemporary French ones. They believed that the artistic ideals should be order， logic， restrained emotion & accuracy， & that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity. This belief led them to seek proportion， unity， harmony & grace in literary expressions， in an effort to delight， instruct & correct human beings， primarily as social animals. Thus， a polite， urbane， witty， & intellectual art developed. 3） The heroic couplet It means a pair of lines of a type once common in English poetry， which rhyme & are written with five beats each…… 4） the Realistic Novel The mid-century was， however， predominated by a newly rising literary form， the modern English novel， which， contrary to the traditional romance of aristocrats， gives a realistic presentation of life of the common English people. This-the most significant phenomenon in the history of the development of English literature in the eighteenth century - is a natural product of the Industrial Revolution & a symbol of the growing importance & strength of the English of the growing importance & strength of the English middle class， Among the pioneers were Daniel Defoe ，Samuel Richardson， Henry Fielding， Laurence Sterne， Tobias Creorge Smollott， & Oliver Goldsmith. 2. 领会Characteristics of Neoclassical Literature According to the neoclassicists， all forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek & Roman writers （Homer， Virgil， Horace， Ovid， etc，）& those of the contemporary French ones. Neoclassicists had some fixed laws &rules for almost every genre of literature， prose should be precise， direct， smooth & flexible. Poetry should be lyrical， epical， didactic， satiric or dramatic， & each class should be guided by its own principles. Drama should be written in the Heroic Couplets （iambic pentameter rhymed in two lines）； the three unities of time， space & action should be strictly observed； regularity in construction should be adhered to & type characters rather than individuals should be represented. 二。该时期的重要作家 1，一般识记：重要作家的创作生涯 2，识记：重要作品及主要内容 3，领会：重要作家的创作思想，艺术特色其代表作的主题结构，人物刻画，语言风格，艺术特色，社会意义等。 4，应用：（1）《天路历程》中“名利场”的寓义。 （2）蒲伯的文学（诗歌）批评观及其诗歌特色。 （3）《格列佛游记》的社会讽刺。 （4）菲尔丁的“散文体史诗”。 （5）格雷诗歌的主题与意象。 I. John Bunyan 1. 一般识记His life English author & preacher， born in Elstow， England， probably Nov.28， 1628，and died in London， England， Aug， 31， 1688. 2. 识记His major works John Bunyan’s The Pilgrim’s Progress （1678） is the outstanding 17th-century English religious literature. For more than 200 years this book was second in popularity only to the Bible. Bunyan did not attempt to portray the political confusion & social upheaval of 17th-century England. His concern was rather the study of man’s spiritual life. Bunyan chiefly wrote four prose works - Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners （1666）， The Life & Death of Mr. Badman （1680）， The Holy War （1682） & The Pilgrim’s Progress， part II （1684）。 3. 领会Characteristics of his works Bunyan’s style was modeled after that of the English Bible. With his concrete &living language & carefully observed & vividly presented details， he made it possible for the reader of the least education to share the pleasure of reading his novel & to relive the experience of his characters. 4. 应用Selected Reading "The Vanity Fair"， an excerpt from Part I of The Pilgrim’s Progress. （1） Theme： The Pilgrim’s Progress is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. Its purpose is to urge people to comply with Christian doctrines & seek salvation through constant struggles with their own weakness & all kinds of social evils. It is not only about something spiritual but also beats much relevance to the time. Its predominant metaphor-life as a journey-is simple & familiar. （2） "Vanity Fair" is the most famous part of The Pilgrim’s Progress. It tells how Christian & his friend Faithful come to Vanity Fair on their way to heaven，" a fair where in should be sold all sorts of vanity & that it should last all the year long： therefore at this fair all such merchandise sold， as houses， lands， trades， places， honors， preferments， titles， countries， kingdoms， lusts， pleasures & delights of all sorts as harlots， wives， husbands， children， masters， servants， lives， blood， bodies， souls， silver， gold， pearls， precious stones & what not." As they refuse to buy anything but truth， they are beaten & put in a cage & then taken out & led in chains up & down the fair. They are sentenced to death-to be put to the most cruel death that can be invented." Vanity Fair" is a satirical picture of English society， law & religion in Bunyan’s day.
下篇：美国文学 第一章美国浪漫主义时期 一、美国浪漫主义时期概述 Ⅰ。本章学习目的和要求 通过本章学习，了解19世纪初期至中叶美国文学产生的历史、文化背景；认识该时期文学创作的基本待征、基本主张，及其对同时代和后期美国文学的影响；了解该时期主要作家的文学创作生涯、创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题思想、人物刻画、语言风格等；同时结合注释，读懂所选作品并了解其思想内容和艺术特色，培养理解和欣赏文学作品的能力。 Ⅱ。本章重点及难点： 1.浪漫主义时期美国文学的特点 2.主要作家的创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格、思想意义。 3.分析讨论选读作品 Ⅲ。本章考核知识点和考核要求： 1.美国浪漫主义时期概述 （1）“识记”内容：美国浪漫主义文学产生的社会历史及文化背景 （2）“领会”内容： 美国浪漫主义在文学上的表现 a.欧洲浪漫主义文学的影响 b.美国本土文学的崛起及其待证 （3）“应用”内容：清教主义、超验主义、象征主义、自由诗等名词的解释 2.美国浪漫主义时期的主要作家 A.华盛顿。欧文 1.一般识记：欧文的生平及创作主涯 2.识记：《纽约外史》《见闻札记》 3.领会：欧文的创作领域、创作思想，及其作品的艺术风格 4.应用：选读《瑞普。凡。温可尔》的主题及其艺术特色 B.拉尔夫.华尔多.爱默生 1.一般识记：爱默生的生平及创作生涯 2.识记：爱默生的超验主义思想 3.领会： （1）爱默生的散文：《论自然》《论自助》《论美国学者》等 （2）爱默生与梭罗：梭罗的超验主义思想和他的《沃尔登》 4. 应用：《论自然》节选：爱默生的基本哲 学思想及自然观 C.纳撒尼尔。霍桑 1.一般识记：霍桑的生平及创作主涯 2.识记：霍桑的长短篇小说 3.领会： （1）《红字》的主题、心理描写、象征手法和、小说结构 （2）霍桑的清教主义思想及加尔文教条中的“原罪”对霍桑的影响（人性本恶的观点） （3）霍桑对浪漫主义小说的贡献 4.应用：选读《小伙子布朗》的主题结构、象征手法及语言特色 D.华尔特。惠特曼 1.一般识记：惠特曼的生平及其创作生涯 2.识记：惠特曼的民主思想 3.领会： （1）惠特曼的《草叶集》的主创意图、思想感情及诗体形式、语言风格 （2）惠特曼的个人主义 4.应用：选读《草叶集》诗选：“一个孩子的成长”、“涉水的骑兵”、“自己之歌”的主题结构、诗歌的艺术特色、语言风格 E.赫尔曼。麦尔维尔 1.一般识记：麦尔维尔的生平及创作生涯 2.识记：麦尔维尔的早期作品：《玛地》《雷得本》《白外衣》，后期作品《皮埃尔》《的化装表演》《比利伯德》等 3.领会：《白鲸》的 （1）主题：表层及深层意义 （2）小说结构：浪漫主义和现实主义的统一 （3）象征手法和寓言的运用 （4）语言特色 4.应用：选读《白鲸》最后一章的节选：主题思想、人物刻画、象征手法、语言特色 Chapter l The Romantic Period （一）“识记”内容： 1.The origin of Romantic American literature The Romantic Period， one of the most important periods in thehistory of American literature， stretches from the end of the 18th century to the outbreak of the Civil War. It started with the publication of Washington Irving’s The Sketch Book and ended with Whitman’s Leaves of Grass. 2.The American Renaissance or New England Renaissance is a period of the great flowering of American literature， from the i830s roughly until the end of the American Civil War. It came of age as an expression of a national spirit. One of the most important influences in the period was that of the Transcendentalists， including Ralph Waldo Emerson， Henry David Thoreau. The Transcendentalists contributed to the founding of a new national culture based on native elements. Apart from the Transcendentalists， there emerged during this period great imaginative writers ——Nathaniel Hawthorne， Herman Melville， and Walt Whitman——whose novels and poetry left a permanent imprint on American literature. 3.Its social historical and cultural background The development of the American society nurtured "the literature of a great nation." America was flourishing into a politically， economically and culturally independent country. Historically， it was the time of westward expansion in America economically， the whole nation was experiencing an industrial transformation. Politically， democracy and equa1ity became the ideal of the new nation， and the two-party system came into being. Worthy of mention is the literary and cultural life of the country. With the founding of the American Independent Government， the nation felt an urge to have its own literary expression， to make known its new experience that other nations did not have： the early Puritan settlement， the confrontation with the Indians， the frontiersmen''''''''s life， and the wild west. Besides， the nation’s literary milieu was ready for the Romantic movement as we11. Thus， with a strong sense of optimism， a spectacular outburst of romantic feeling was brought about in the first ha1f of the 19th century. 4.Major writers of this period There emerged a great host of men of letters during this period， among whom the better-known are poets such as Philip Freneau， William Cullen Bryant， Henry Wordsworth Long Fellow， James Russel Lowell， John Greenleaf Whitter， Edgar Ellen Poe， and， especially， Walt Whitman， whose Leaves Of Grass established him as the most popular American poet of the 19th century. The fiction of the American Romantic period is an original and diverse body of work. It ranges from the comic fables of Washington Irving to the The Gothic tales of Edgar Allen Poe， from the frontier adventures of James Fenimore Cooper to the narrative quests of Herman Melville， from the psycho1ogical romances of Nathaniel Hawthorne to the social realism of Rebecca Harding Davis. （二）领会内容 1.The impact of European Romanticism on American Romanticism Foreign literary masters， especially the English counterparts exerted a stimulating impact on the writers of the new world. Born of one common cultural heritage， the American writers shared some common features with the English Romanticists. They revolted against the literary forms and ideas of the period of classicism by developing some relatively new forms of fiction or poetry. （1） They put emphasis upon the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature， which included a liking for the picturesque， the exotic， the sensuous， the sensational， and the supernatural. （2） The Americans also placed an increasing emphasis on the free expression of emotions and disp1ayed an increasing attention to the psychic states of their characters. Heroes and heroines exhibited extremes of sensitivity and excitement. （3） The strong tendency to exalt the individual and the common man was almost a national religion in America. Writers like Freneau， Bryant， and Cooper showed a great interest in external nature in their respective works. （4） The literary use of the more colorfu1 aspects of the past was also to be found in Irving’s effort to exploit the legends of the Hudson River region， and in Cooper’s long series of historical tales. （5） In short， American Romanticism is， in a certain way， derivative. 2.The unique characteristics of American Romanticism Although greatly influenced by their English counterparts， the American romantic writers revealed unique characteristics of their own in their works and they grew on the native lands. For examp1e，（1） the American national experience of "pioneering into the west" proved to be a rich source of material for American writers to draw upon. They celebrated America''''''''s landscape with its virgin forests， meadows， groves， endless prairies， streams， and vast oceans. The wilderness came to function almost as a dramatic character that symbolized moral 1aw. （2）The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature. Such a desire is particularly evident in Cooper’s Leather Stocking Tales， in Thoreau''''''''s Walden and， later， in Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. （3） With the growth of American national consciousness， American character types speaking local dialects appeared in poetry and fiction with increasing frequency. （4） Then the American Puritanism as a cultural heritage exerted great influences over American moral values and American Romanticism. One of the manifestations is the fact that American romantic writers tended more to moralize than their English and European counterparts. （5） Besides， a preoccupation with the Calvinistic view of origina1 sin and the mystery of evil marked the works of Hawthorne， Melville and a host of lesser writers. （三）应用内容 1. The American Puritanism and its great influence over American moral values， as is shown in American romantic writings. （1） American Puritanism Puritanism is the practices and beliefs of the Puritans. （The Puritans were originally members of a division of the Protestant Church， who came into existence in the reigns Queen Elizabeth and King James Ⅰ。The first settlers who became the founding fathers of the American nation were quite a few of them Puritans. They came to America out of various reasons， but it should be remembered that they were a group of serious， religious people， advocating highly religious and moral principles. As the word itself hints， Puritans wanted to purify their religious beliefs and practices. They felt that the Church of England was too close to the Church of Rome in doctrine form of worship， and organization of authority.） The American Puritans， like their brothers back in England， were idealists， believing that the church should be restored to complete "purity". They accepted the doctrine of predestination， original sin and total depravity， and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God. But in the grim struggle for survival that followed immediately after their arrival in America， they became more and more practical， as indeed they had to be. Puritans were noted for a spirit of moral and religious earnestness that determinated their whole way of life. Puritans'''''''' lives were extremely disciplined and hard. They drove out of their settlements all those opinions that seemed dangerous to them， and history has criticized their actions. Yet in the persecution of what they considered error， the Puritans were no worse than many other movements in history. As a culture heritage， Puritanism did have a profound influence on the early American mind and American values. American Puritanism also had a conspicuously noticeable and an enduring influence on American literature. It had become， to some extent， so much a state of mind， so much a part of the national cultural atmosphere， rather than a set of tenets. （2） One of the manifestations is the fact that American romantic writers tended more to moralize than their English and European counterparts. Besides， a preoccupation with the Calvinistic view of origina1 sin and the mystery of evil marked the works of Hawthorne， Melville and a host of lesser writers. 2. New England Transcendentalism New England Transcendentalism is the mot clearly defined Romantic literary movement in this period. It was started in the area around Concord， Mass. by a group of intellectual and the literary men of the United States such as Emerson， Henry David Thoreau who were members of an informal club， i. e. the Transcendental Club in New England in the l830s. The transcendentalists reacted against the cold， rigid rationalism of Unitarianism in Boston. They adhered to an idealistic system of thought based on a belief in the essential unity of all creation ， the innate goodness of man， and the supremacy of insight over logic and experience for the revelation of the deepest truths. The writings of the transcendentalists prepared the ground of their contemporaries such as Walt Whitman， Herman Melville， and Nathaniel Hawthorne. The main issues involved in the debate were generally philosophical， concerning nature， man and the universe. Basically， Transcendentalism has been defined philosophical1y as "the recognition in man of the capacity of knowing truth intuitively， or of attaining knowledge transcending the reach of the senses." Emerson once proclaimed in a speech， "Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind." Other concepts that accompanied Transcendentalism inc1ude the idea that nature is ennobling and the idea that the individual is divine and， therefore， self-re1iant. 3. American Romanticists differed in their understanding of human nature. To the transcendentalists such as Emerson and Thoreau， man is divine in nature and therefore forever perfectible； but to Hawthorne and Melville， everybody is potentially a sinner， and great moral courage is therefore indispensab1e for the improvement of human nature， as is shown in Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter.
Chapter 3 The Modern Period Ⅰ。本章学习目的和要求 通过本章的学习，了解20世纪初期至中叶美国现代文学产生 的历史、文化背景，认识该时期文学创作的基本特征、基本主张，及其对当代美国文学发展的影响；了解该时期主要作家的文学生涯、创作意图、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画和语言风格等；同时结合注释，读懂所选作品，了解其思想内容和写作特色，培养理解和欣赏文学作品的能力。 Ⅱ。本章重点及难点 1. 美国现代文学的特征 2. 主要作家的创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画和语言风格 3. 名词解释：“迷惘的一代”，意象派诗歌，象征主义，表现主义，意识流 4. 选读作品的主题结构、艺术特色、人物刻画和语言风格 Ⅲ。 考核知识点和考核要求 （一）现代时期美国文学概述 1. 识记： A.两次世界大战期间美国文学产生的历史及文化背景 （1）两次世界大战 （2）移居国外的美国人 （3）马克思主义理论和弗洛伊德学说 （4）欧洲现代派艺术 B.战后美国文学产生的历史及文化背景 2. 领会： A. 两次世界大战期间的美国文学 （1）诗歌：意象派诗人；象征主义 （2）小说；“迷恫的一代” （3）戏剧：表现主义 B.战后美国文学 （1）诗歌：“垮掉的一代”等 （2）小说：黑人小说、*人小说、实验小说（荒诞派 小说）等 （3）美国现代文学多元化的现象 C.美国现代文学写作手法的创新 3.应用 A.名词解释：“迷惘的一代”，意象派诗歌，象征主义，表现主义，意识流 B.“荒原”意识在美国20世纪文学中的反映 C.分析选读作品的主题结构、艺术特色、人物刻画和语言风格 （二）美国现代时期的主要作家 A.埃兹拉。庞德 1.一般识记：庞德的生平和创作生涯 2.识记：庞德的诗歌 （1）短诗：《地铁站一瞥》 （2）长诗：《诗章》 3. 领会： （1）庞德与意象主义 （2）庞德与中国文化 （3）庞德的诗歌理论及艺术特色 4.应用：《地铁站一瞥》《盟约》《河商的妻子》：主题、意象、语言 B.罗伯特。弗洛斯特 1.一般识记：弗洛斯特的生平及创作生涯 2.识记：弗洛斯特的诗歌：田园诗；自然诗 3.领会： （1）弗洛斯特诗歌的艺术特色 （2）弗洛斯特的诗论 4.应用： （1） 弗洛斯特的自然诗 （2）《摘苹果后》《未选择的路》《雪夜停马在林边》：主题、 象征与比喻、语言 C.尤金。奥尼尔 1.一般识记：奥尼尔的生平及创作生涯 2.识记：奥尼尔的戏剧 （1）早期作品：独幕剧；多幕剧《天外边》 （2）中期作品：《琼斯皇帝》《伟大之神布朗》《毛猿》 ——表现主义和象征主义的力作 （3）后期作品：《直到夜晚的漫长一天》 一 自传体戏剧 剧 3.领会： （1）奥尼尔戏剧的悲观主义和神秘主义色彩 （2）奥尼尔戏剧的艺术特色 4.应用：选读《毛猿》第八场：主题结构、表现主义和象征主义手 法、语言特色 D.司各特。菲兹杰拉德 1.一般识记：菲兹杰拉德的生平及创作生涯 2.识记： （1）菲兹杰拉德与“爵士时代” （2）主要作品：短篇小说集：《爵士时代的故事》 中、长篇小说：《人间天堂》《了不起的盖茨比》《夜色温柔》《最后一个巨头》 3.领会： （1）《了不起的盖茨比》与“美国梦” （2）菲兹杰拉德的小说艺术 4.应用：《了不起的盖茨比》第三章：主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格 E.欧内斯特。海明威 1.一般识记：海明威的生平及创作生涯 2.识记：海明威的主要作品 （1）短篇小说集：《在我们的时代里》-一涅克的故事 （2）长篇小说：《太阳照样升起》《永别了，武器》《丧钟为谁而鸣》《老人与海》 3.领会：海明威与“迷惘的一代” 4.应用： （1）海明威小说的艺术特色：“硬汉”形象、“重压下的风 度”、“冰山”原则等 （2）《在我们的时代里》选篇：主题结构、人物刻画、语言 风格 F.威廉。福克纳 1.一般识记： 福克纳的生平及创作生涯 2.识记： （l）福克纳的主要作品：中、短篇小说：《给艾米莉小姐的玫瑰》《老人》《熊》等；长篇小说：《喧嚣与骚动》 《八月之光》《我弥留之际》《押沙龙，押沙龙！》 （2）福克纳的“约克纳帕塔法”神话王国 3.领会： （1）福克纳小说的艺术特色：“意识流”、“内心独白”、“时序颠倒”、“对位式结构”、“象征隐喻”等 （2）福克纳的文体 （3）福克纳与美国南方文学 4.应用：《给艾米莉小姐的玫瑰》：主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格
不是B050206吗？题型是选择，然后是两个小说和两个诗歌的片段让你写出作者和作品名，然后就是两个完形填空，考的是作品之外的时代特征，然后还是给你选文片段，让你写作者名和作品名， 然后就是写作品的主题，作者的写作特征，最后大题是两个论述题，都是书里的内容。
【第一篇】
6.1.艺术本体论讨论的问题是(A)
A.艺术的存在方式 B.艺术意象的生成规律 C.审美经验的发生规律 D.艺术创造主体的活动规律
6.2.艺术的本质体现于___中。(C)
A.图式化结构 B.接受者的心理建构 C.意象世界 D.创造主体的创造活动中
6.3.艺术存在于由三个环节组成的动态流程之中，这其中哪一个环节是首要的一环?(A)
A.艺术创造过程 B.艺术品中 C.艺术接受过程 D.艺术传播过程
6.4.在现代阐释学看来，艺术的本质体现于人类——中。(D)
A.集体无意识 B.普遍的互相联系 C.存在的实在性和荒谬性 D.无限延伸的审美经验
6.5.艺术创造的核心是(D)
A.创作冲动 B.主体的灵感 C.艺术操作 D.意象生成
6.6.在意象的孕育这一过程之中，主客体的相遇就其实质而言，是一种(C)
A.不期而至的惊讶 B.理念与表象的交流 C.因感动、感应而引起的内在情感激荡 D.完全的精神升华
6.7.意象的生产意味着艺术家心中的意象得到——的表达。(C)
A.精神层面 B.初步 C.物态化和物化 D.形而上
6.8.在现代美学看来，艺术天才是一的。(B)
A.实质上不存在 B.客观存在 C.人们心里的主观存在 D.完全不存在
6.9.艺术想象力不仅仅是唤醒和引发丰富的形象、感受，更为重要的是(D)
A.把想象变成物态化的存在 B.突破客观的规律 C.把想象与回忆结合起来 D.将其融会和整合
6.10.古希腊哲学家柏拉图在中论述了诗人的迷狂状态(灵感)。(D)
A.《法律篇》 B.《克力同篇》 C.《巴门尼德篇》 D.《伊安篇》
6.11.艺术技巧的操作在质料上留下的痕迹就是(A)
A.艺术的形式 B.艺术品的不确定部分 C.用以填补艺术品空白的依据 D.败笔
6.12.黑格尔将艺术分为三类，而这一分类的出发点是(C)
A.艺术与现实之间的关系 B.艺术作品与欣赏者之间的关系 C.美的理念的形式与内容的辩证关系 D.审美特性的差异
6.13.把美看作“绝对理念的感性显现”的是(A)
A.黑格尔 B.布托 C.刘勰 D.柏拉图
6.14.亚里士多德的“摹仿说”这一指导分类标准的依据，属于(A)
A.艺术与现实之间的关系 B.艺术作品与欣赏者之间的关系 C.艺术作品自身的存在方式 D.艺术作品与创造主体之间的关系
6.15.时间艺术与空间艺术的划分标准是(C)
A.艺术与现实之间的关系 B.艺术作品与欣赏者之间的关系 C.艺术作品自身的存在方式 D.艺术作品与创造主体之间的关系
6.16.艺术的特点为只能够选取一个有代表性的瞬间进行表现。(B)
A.绘画 B.雕塑 C.建筑 D.戏剧
6.17.最为纯粹的时间艺术是(C)
A.建筑 B.绘画 C.音乐 D.戏剧
6.18.与情感活动联系得最为紧密，也动态色彩的艺术是(C)
A.建筑 B.绘画 C.音乐 D.戏剧
6.19.你认为下列哪一种艺术综合了时间艺术与空间艺术的共同特征?(D)
A.建筑 B.绘画 C.音乐 D.戏剧;
6.20.艺术接受的核心是(D)
A.接受主体的参与 B.艺术品的中介作用 C.鉴赏 D.意象的重建
6.21.波兰哲学家英伽登认为，文学作品的特殊结构在于它的结构框架。(C)
A.格式塔 B.矛盾性 C.图式化 D.多义性
6.22.从整体上来看，艺术的接受是一个——的过程。(B)
A.飞跃 B.阶段性 C.不可控 D.有计划的
6.23.所谓“艺术接受的阶段性变化”指的是接受者随着对艺术品的的深入发掘而导致的主体感受的变化。(B)
A.结构 B.符号与意义的关系 C.空白与不确定处 D.意象的组织
6.24.在审美鉴赏中“悟”的阶段，形式符号最终被——了。(D)
A.抛弃 B.凝固 C.扬弃 D.克服
6.25.因为在实际生活中“悟”的境界很不容易达到，所以——就显得十分必须。(A)
A.审美鉴赏指导 B.超越观这一阶段 C.延长“品”这一阶段 D.细读文本
【第二篇】
7.1.中国上古的美育意识从自发到自觉，在诗、歌、舞一体的“”中表现得最为明显。(B)
A.礼 B.乐 C.术 D.射
7.2.中国古代以乐感化的传统，最早可以追溯到传说中的(B)
A.尧的时代 B.舜的时代 C.禹的时代 D.周文王的时代
7.3.礼乐纳人学校教育是在(A)
A.西周时期 B.春秋时期 C.战国时期 D.秦始皇时期
7.4.《左传》中季札观乐时，非常推崇_____，认为它“五声和，八风平，节有度，守有序，盛德之所同也。”()
A.《颂》 B.《风》 C.《雅》 D.《诗》
7.5.在先秦时，美育的理想是(A)
A.乐 B.和 C.礼 D.仁
7.6.把和与同严格区分开来的是(B)
A.《乐记·乐情》 B.《国语·郑语》 C.《毛诗序》 D.《尚书o舜典》
7.7.“乐者，所以变民风，化民俗也，其变民也易，其化人也着。”出自(D)
A.舜 B.朱熹 C.刘向 D.董仲舒
7.8.建安时期，首先提出“美育”一词的是(C)
A.曹操 B.曹丕 C.徐斡 D.阮籍
7.9.是人性觉醒、个性发展的时代，且使美育有了自己的范围，不再只是教化的一部分的时期是(C)
A.先秦 B.两汉 C.魏晋 D.隋唐
7.10.朱熹提出的类似于亚里士多德“净化”思想的观点是(D)
A.虚静 B.以物观物 C.文以载道 D.消融查滓
7.11.中国明清时期提出“见文当观心”观点的是(B)
A.李贽 B.金圣叹 C.汤显祖 D.李渔
7.12.指出戏曲要情节离奇，文词警拔，有益于道德教化，三美俱擅的是(A)
A.李渔 B.金圣叹 C.李贽 D.曹雪芹
7.13.近代率先把“美育”一词引入中国的是(C)
A.王国维 B.梁启超 C.蔡元培 D.鲁迅
7.14.受西方传统观念的影响，把美育看成审美理论在教育中的运用的是(A)
A.蔡元培 B.梁启超 C.王国维 D.纳兰性德
7.15.倡导“以美育代宗教”的是(C)
A.王国维 B.梁启超 C.蔡元培 D.鲁迅
7.16.主张美育是“趣味教育”的是(B)
A.王国维 B.梁启超 C.叶圣陶 D.鲁迅
7.17.认为美育“即情育”的是(C)
A.鲁迅 B.康有为 C.王国维 D.朱熹
7.18.西方美育思想最早开端于(A)
A.古希腊罗马 B.中世纪 C.文艺复兴 D.启蒙运动
7.19.在西方，最早明确谈到审美教育的人是(B)
A.毕达哥拉斯 B.柏拉图 C.亚里士多德D：康德
7.20.“音乐应该归宿到对于美的爱。”出自(D)
A.贺拉斯 B.亚里士多德 C.苏格拉底 D.柏拉图
7.21.“具有净化作用的歌曲可以产生一种无害的快感。”出自(A)
A.亚里士多德 B.柏拉图 C.普罗提诺 D.马佐尼
7.22.中世纪后期，世俗文化深入神学，古希腊罗马的“”被用来作为教会教育的内容。(A)
A.七艺 B.六艺 C.五经 D.四书
7.23.文艺复兴时期，取代神学观念的是(D)
A.虚无主义 B.自由主义 C.浪漫主义 D.人文主义
7.24.美育作为独立学科在人类文化正式出现的标志是(D)
A.柏拉图的《理想国》 B.亚里士多德的《诗学》 C.贺拉斯的《诗艺》 D.席勒的《审美书简》
7.25.说“艺术对象创造出懂得艺术和能够欣赏美的大众”的是(C)
A.恩格斯 B.列宁 C.马克思 D.毛泽东
7.26.将“美和善”混为一谈的观点是(B)
A.美育是情感教育 B.美育是人格教育 C.美育是艺术教育 D.美育是道德教育
7.27.黑格尔曾说，“美只能在形象中见出”，这说明(A)
A.美是诉诸感性的 B.美可以潜移默化 C.美具有能动性 D.以上皆不对
7.28.在艺术作品中，情感的载体是(B)
A.人物形象 B.感性形象 C.理性形象 D.自然形象
7.29.“情以物迁，辞以情发”出自(A)
A.《文心雕龙》 B.《南词叙录》 C.《淮南子》 D.《绘事发微》
7.30.提出“兴于诗，立于礼，成于乐”的是(D)
A.冉求 B.朱光潜 C.老子 D.孔子
7.31.“圣人处无为之事，行不言之教”出自(D)
A.庄子 B.苟子 C.韩非 D.老子
7.32.将“万古长空，一朝风月”视为境界的是(C)
A.儒家 B.道家 C.佛教禅宗 D.理学家
7.33.提倡“顿悟顿修”的是(C)
A.老子 B.庄子 C.慧能 D.玄奘
7.34.王国维说“一切境界无不为诗人设”，这表明人生的境界是(C)
A.道德境界 B.功利境界 C.审美境界 D.科学境界
【第三篇】
多项选择题
1.1.下列属于主张美学应研究人自身的审美经验的是(ABC)
A.维特根斯坦 B.杜威 C.李泽厚 D.费希纳 E.布洛
1.2.下列属于主张美学应研究人自身的审美心理的是(ABCE)
A.费希纳 B.弗洛伊德 C.荣格 D.蒋孔阳 E.布洛
1.3.美学学科的研究对象包括(ABCD)
A.艺术美 B.自然美 C.科技美 D.日常生活中的审美 E.心灵美
1.4.美学的研究方法可以包括(ABCDE)
A.哲学 B.心理学 C.民俗学 D.人类学 E.社会学
1.5.美学学科发展的三个阶段包括(ACD)
A.审美意识 B.审美意象 C.美学思想 D.美学学科 E.审美形态
1.6.下列作品蕴含有高级审美意识的是(ABCE)
A.《牡丹亭》 B.《红楼梦》 C.《俄狄浦斯王》 D.仰韶文化(鹰鼎) E.贝多芬的交响曲
1.7.中西悲剧意识的差别有(AB)
A.西方悲剧意识与宗教意识有关，中国的则没有直接联系 B.悲剧结局不同，西方残缺，中国大团圆 C.西方悲剧源远流长，中国在五四后才有悲剧意识 D.中国的悲剧意识强于西方 E.中国没有悲剧意识
1.8.美学成为独立学科的标志是(BC)
A.审美意识的产生 B.专门的系统的美学着作问世 C.形成了独立的区别于其他学科的研究对象 D.对审美心理的探索 E.对审美关系的侧重
1.9.马克思主义的实践观是(ACD)
A.在继承德国古典哲学基础上发展起来 B.完全是马克思独创 C.具有生成性 D.认为物质生产劳动决定其他一切实践 E.具有自发性
1.10.马克思对存在的认识，包括三个阶段，即(ABC)
A.自我意识 B.人自身 C.现实的人 D.审美的人 E.道德的人
1.11.自由表现为三种基本形态，即(ABC)
A.人与自然关系中的自由 B.人与社会关系中的自由 C.人与他人及自我关系中的自由 D.人在审美中的自由 E.人在欣赏中的自由
1.12.人生境界的特点在于它的(AD)
A.个体内在性 B.自足性 C.圆融性 D.生成性 E.觉解性
1.13.冯友兰先生认为人生的四种境界是(ABCD)
A.自然境界 B.功利境界 C.道德境界 D.天地境界 E.审美境界
1.14.宗白华认为人生的六种境界中有(ABCDE)
A.功利境界 B.伦 理境界 C.政治境界 D.学术境界 E.宗教境界
1.15.审美境界的特点是(AB)
A.从心境上看，超越功利，达到相对自由的状态 B.从接收效果上看，是有限与无限的统一 C.只具有一个层次 D.等同于人生境界 E.与人生境界对立
1.16.审美关系是人与世界之间的自由关系，自由表现在(BCD)
A.超现实性 B.审美主体关注对象的意义形象，并展开联想和想象 C.超功利性 D.审美是人与世界的精神情感交流 E.主观性
1.17.下列属于西方的审美形态的是(BCD)
A.神妙 B.崇高 C.喜剧和悲剧 D.丑和荒诞 E.意境
1.18.审美活动的独特性在于(AB)
A.以感性方式打动人心 B.提升人，使人本质力量得到揭示 C.以求真为目的 D.以求善为目的 E.是人类活动的一种
【第四篇】
2.1.审美趣味的外在表现是(BC)
A.鉴赏力
B.审美兴趣
C.审美品位
D.审美个性
E.审美能力
2.2.下列关于审美活动的说法正确的是(ACD)
A.审美活动追寻的是一种独特的精神价值
B.审美活动与认识活动一样揭示出事实并终止于事实
C.审美活动与道德活动相联系，内在地包含着“善”
D.审美活动内在地包含着人的“终极关怀”
E.审美活动对现实世界根本否定
2.3.马克思揭示私有制条件下异化劳动的本质特征的着作是(AB)
A.《1844年经济学——哲学手稿》
B.《德意志意识形态》
C.《判断力批判》
D.《共产党宣言》
E.《中国革命和欧洲革命》
2.4.构成审美活动的两个基本要素是(CD)
A.审美需要
B.审美趣味
C.审美主体
D.审美对象
E.审美经验
2.5.下列不属于审美对象的物质因素的是(BE)
A.色彩
B.体积
C.形状
D.音响
E.旋律
2.6.在长期的审美实践中，人们曾总结出多种形式组合的形式规律，有(ABCDE)
A.多样统一
B.整齐一律
C.节奏韵律
D.均衡对称
E.对比调和
2.7.在探讨美的本质问题时，我们不应该把美看成是(AD)
A.某种固定不变的物质实体
B.某种具有客观社会性和历史性的价值
C.开放性的系统
D.某种单纯的因素所构成的某种单一的现象
E.许多规定的综合，多样性的统一
2.8.在审美活动中，主体以其超越眭、自由性，使得审美对象更为生动逼真地展现出其气韵与神貌，下列表现这一主体境界的有(CD)
A.“言有尽而意无穷”
B.“自由游戏”
C.“坐忘”
D.“非现实化”
E.“欲辩忘言”
2.9.以下着作属于主张巫术说的着作有(ACE)
A.《艺术的起源》
B.《艺术与知觉》
C.《金枝》
D.《美育书简》
E.《原始文化》
2.10.以下属于审美意识的内容的是(ABD)
A.审美愿望
B.审美理想
C.审美需要
D.审美趣味
E.审美体验
2.11.原始人类在物质生产中的审美创造有(AC)
A.器物造型
B.固定装饰
C.器物装饰
D.非固定装饰
E.语言活动
2.12.原始人类的自我修饰与美化主要分为固定装饰与非固定装饰两种类型，下列属于非固定装饰的是(ABE)
A.耳环
B.锥髻
C.文身
D.凿齿
E.戒指
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全部题目用英文作答，请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上 PART ONE (40 POINTS)I. Multiple Choice(40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark your choice and write the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the answer sheet.1. All of Charles Dickens’ works, with the exception of _________, present a criticism of the more complicated and yet most fundamental social institutions and morals of the Victorian England.A. Bleak House B. Hard TimesC. Great ExpectationsD. A Tale of Two Cities2. From ____________ on, the tragic sense becomes the keynote of Thomas Hardy’s novels, the conflict between the traditional and the moden is brought to the center of the stage.A. The Return of the NativeB. The Mayor of CasterbridgeC. Tess of the D’UrbervillesD. Jude the Obscure3. George Bernard Shaw’s play ____________ shows his almost nihilistic bitterness on the subjects of the cruelty and madness of World War I and the aimlessness and disillusion of the young.A. Getting Married B. Too True to Be GoodC. Widowers’ HousesD. The Apple Cart4. It was only after the publication of ____________ that D.H. Lawrence was recognized as aprominent novelist.A. The Trespasser B. The White PeacockC. Sons and Lovers D. The Rainbow5. T. S. Eliot’s poem ____________ is heavily indebted to James Joyce in terms of the stream- of -consciousness technique, also a prelude to The Waste Land.A. “Prufrock” B. “Gerontion”C. The Hollow Men D. Lyrical Ballads6. Charlotte Brontё’s ____________ is noted for its sharp criticism of the existing society, e. g. the religious hypocrisy of charity institutions.A. The Professor B. Wuthering HeightsC. Villette D. Jane Eyre7. Shelley’s greatest achievement is his four - act poetic drama ____________ , which is an ex- ultant work in praise of humankind’s potential.A. Adonais B. Queen MabC. Prometheus Unbound D. Kubla Khan8. Among the Romantic poets ____________ is regarded as a “worshipper of nature”.A. William Blake B. William WordsworthC. George Gordon Byron D. John Keats9. The most perfect example of the verse drama after Greek style in English is John Milton’s ____________.A. Paradise Lost B. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica10. The major theme of Jane Austen’s novels is____________.A. love and money B. money and social statusC. social status and marriage D. love and marriage11. T. S. Eliot’s most important single poem ____________ has been hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th-century English poetry.A. The Hollow Men B. The Waste LandC. Murder in the CathedralD. Ash Wednesday12. According to the subjects, William Wordsworth’s short poems can be classified into two groups, poems about____________.A. nature and human life B. happiness and childhoodC. symbolism and imagination D. nature and commonlife13. Among the following writers ____________ is considered to be the best -known English dramatist since Shakespeare.A. Oscar Wilde B. John GalsworthyC. W. B. Yeats D. George Bernard Shaw14. William Blake’s ____________ composed during the climax of the French Revolution playsthe double role both as a satire and a revolutionary prophecy.A. The Book of Urizen B. The Book of LosC. Poetical Sketches D. Marriage of Heaven and Hell15. Charles Dickens’ works are characterized by a mingling of ____________ and pathos.A. metaphor B. passionC. satire D. humor16. Daniel Defoe describes ____________ as a typical English middle -class man of the eigh- teenth century, the very prototype of the empire builder, the pioneer colonist.A. Robinson Crusoe B. Moll FlandersC. Gulliver D. Tom Jones17. In Thomas Hardy’s Wessex novels, there is an apparent ____________ touch in his de- scription of the simple and beautiful though primitive rural life.A. nostalgic B. tragicC. romantic D. ironic18. Of all the eighteenth - century novelists ____________ was the first to set out, both in the-ory and practice, to write specially a “comic epic in prose”, the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.
下篇：美国文学 第一章美国浪漫主义时期 一、美国浪漫主义时期概述 Ⅰ。本章学习目的和要求 通过本章学习，了解19世纪初期至中叶美国文学产生的历史、文化背景；认识该时期文学创作的基本待征、基本主张，及其对同时代和后期美国文学的影响；了解该时期主要作家的文学创作生涯、创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题思想、人物刻画、语言风格等；同时结合注释，读懂所选作品并了解其思想内容和艺术特色，培养理解和欣赏文学作品的能力。 Ⅱ。本章重点及难点： 1.浪漫主义时期美国文学的特点 2.主要作家的创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格、思想意义。 3.分析讨论选读作品 Ⅲ。本章考核知识点和考核要求： 1.美国浪漫主义时期概述 （1）“识记”内容：美国浪漫主义文学产生的社会历史及文化背景 （2）“领会”内容： 美国浪漫主义在文学上的表现 a.欧洲浪漫主义文学的影响 b.美国本土文学的崛起及其待证 （3）“应用”内容：清教主义、超验主义、象征主义、自由诗等名词的解释 2.美国浪漫主义时期的主要作家 A.华盛顿。欧文 1.一般识记：欧文的生平及创作主涯 2.识记：《纽约外史》《见闻札记》 3.领会：欧文的创作领域、创作思想，及其作品的艺术风格 4.应用：选读《瑞普。凡。温可尔》的主题及其艺术特色 B.拉尔夫.华尔多.爱默生 1.一般识记：爱默生的生平及创作生涯 2.识记：爱默生的超验主义思想 3.领会： （1）爱默生的散文：《论自然》《论自助》《论美国学者》等 （2）爱默生与梭罗：梭罗的超验主义思想和他的《沃尔登》 4. 应用：《论自然》节选：爱默生的基本哲 学思想及自然观 C.纳撒尼尔。霍桑 1.一般识记：霍桑的生平及创作主涯 2.识记：霍桑的长短篇小说 3.领会： （1）《红字》的主题、心理描写、象征手法和、小说结构 （2）霍桑的清教主义思想及加尔文教条中的“原罪”对霍桑的影响（人性本恶的观点） （3）霍桑对浪漫主义小说的贡献 4.应用：选读《小伙子布朗》的主题结构、象征手法及语言特色 D.华尔特。惠特曼 1.一般识记：惠特曼的生平及其创作生涯 2.识记：惠特曼的民主思想 3.领会： （1）惠特曼的《草叶集》的主创意图、思想感情及诗体形式、语言风格 （2）惠特曼的个人主义 4.应用：选读《草叶集》诗选：“一个孩子的成长”、“涉水的骑兵”、“自己之歌”的主题结构、诗歌的艺术特色、语言风格 E.赫尔曼。麦尔维尔 1.一般识记：麦尔维尔的生平及创作生涯 2.识记：麦尔维尔的早期作品：《玛地》《雷得本》《白外衣》，后期作品《皮埃尔》《的化装表演》《比利伯德》等 3.领会：《白鲸》的 （1）主题：表层及深层意义 （2）小说结构：浪漫主义和现实主义的统一 （3）象征手法和寓言的运用 （4）语言特色 4.应用：选读《白鲸》最后一章的节选：主题思想、人物刻画、象征手法、语言特色 Chapter l The Romantic Period （一）“识记”内容： 1.The origin of Romantic American literature The Romantic Period， one of the most important periods in thehistory of American literature， stretches from the end of the 18th century to the outbreak of the Civil War. It started with the publication of Washington Irving’s The Sketch Book and ended with Whitman’s Leaves of Grass. 2.The American Renaissance or New England Renaissance is a period of the great flowering of American literature， from the i830s roughly until the end of the American Civil War. It came of age as an expression of a national spirit. One of the most important influences in the period was that of the Transcendentalists， including Ralph Waldo Emerson， Henry David Thoreau. The Transcendentalists contributed to the founding of a new national culture based on native elements. Apart from the Transcendentalists， there emerged during this period great imaginative writers ——Nathaniel Hawthorne， Herman Melville， and Walt Whitman——whose novels and poetry left a permanent imprint on American literature. 3.Its social historical and cultural background The development of the American society nurtured "the literature of a great nation." America was flourishing into a politically， economically and culturally independent country. Historically， it was the time of westward expansion in America economically， the whole nation was experiencing an industrial transformation. Politically， democracy and equa1ity became the ideal of the new nation， and the two-party system came into being. Worthy of mention is the literary and cultural life of the country. With the founding of the American Independent Government， the nation felt an urge to have its own literary expression， to make known its new experience that other nations did not have： the early Puritan settlement， the confrontation with the Indians， the frontiersmen''''''''s life， and the wild west. Besides， the nation’s literary milieu was ready for the Romantic movement as we11. Thus， with a strong sense of optimism， a spectacular outburst of romantic feeling was brought about in the first ha1f of the 19th century. 4.Major writers of this period There emerged a great host of men of letters during this period， among whom the better-known are poets such as Philip Freneau， William Cullen Bryant， Henry Wordsworth Long Fellow， James Russel Lowell， John Greenleaf Whitter， Edgar Ellen Poe， and， especially， Walt Whitman， whose Leaves Of Grass established him as the most popular American poet of the 19th century. The fiction of the American Romantic period is an original and diverse body of work. It ranges from the comic fables of Washington Irving to the The Gothic tales of Edgar Allen Poe， from the frontier adventures of James Fenimore Cooper to the narrative quests of Herman Melville， from the psycho1ogical romances of Nathaniel Hawthorne to the social realism of Rebecca Harding Davis. （二）领会内容 1.The impact of European Romanticism on American Romanticism Foreign literary masters， especially the English counterparts exerted a stimulating impact on the writers of the new world. Born of one common cultural heritage， the American writers shared some common features with the English Romanticists. They revolted against the literary forms and ideas of the period of classicism by developing some relatively new forms of fiction or poetry. （1） They put emphasis upon the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature， which included a liking for the picturesque， the exotic， the sensuous， the sensational， and the supernatural. （2） The Americans also placed an increasing emphasis on the free expression of emotions and disp1ayed an increasing attention to the psychic states of their characters. Heroes and heroines exhibited extremes of sensitivity and excitement. （3） The strong tendency to exalt the individual and the common man was almost a national religion in America. Writers like Freneau， Bryant， and Cooper showed a great interest in external nature in their respective works. （4） The literary use of the more colorfu1 aspects of the past was also to be found in Irving’s effort to exploit the legends of the Hudson River region， and in Cooper’s long series of historical tales. （5） In short， American Romanticism is， in a certain way， derivative. 2.The unique characteristics of American Romanticism Although greatly influenced by their English counterparts， the American romantic writers revealed unique characteristics of their own in their works and they grew on the native lands. For examp1e，（1） the American national experience of "pioneering into the west" proved to be a rich source of material for American writers to draw upon. They celebrated America''''''''s landscape with its virgin forests， meadows， groves， endless prairies， streams， and vast oceans. The wilderness came to function almost as a dramatic character that symbolized moral 1aw. （2）The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature. Such a desire is particularly evident in Cooper’s Leather Stocking Tales， in Thoreau''''''''s Walden and， later， in Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. （3） With the growth of American national consciousness， American character types speaking local dialects appeared in poetry and fiction with increasing frequency. （4） Then the American Puritanism as a cultural heritage exerted great influences over American moral values and American Romanticism. One of the manifestations is the fact that American romantic writers tended more to moralize than their English and European counterparts. （5） Besides， a preoccupation with the Calvinistic view of origina1 sin and the mystery of evil marked the works of Hawthorne， Melville and a host of lesser writers. （三）应用内容 1. The American Puritanism and its great influence over American moral values， as is shown in American romantic writings. （1） American Puritanism Puritanism is the practices and beliefs of the Puritans. （The Puritans were originally members of a division of the Protestant Church， who came into existence in the reigns Queen Elizabeth and King James Ⅰ。The first settlers who became the founding fathers of the American nation were quite a few of them Puritans. They came to America out of various reasons， but it should be remembered that they were a group of serious， religious people， advocating highly religious and moral principles. As the word itself hints， Puritans wanted to purify their religious beliefs and practices. They felt that the Church of England was too close to the Church of Rome in doctrine form of worship， and organization of authority.） The American Puritans， like their brothers back in England， were idealists， believing that the church should be restored to complete "purity". They accepted the doctrine of predestination， original sin and total depravity， and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God. But in the grim struggle for survival that followed immediately after their arrival in America， they became more and more practical， as indeed they had to be. Puritans were noted for a spirit of moral and religious earnestness that determinated their whole way of life. Puritans'''''''' lives were extremely disciplined and hard. They drove out of their settlements all those opinions that seemed dangerous to them， and history has criticized their actions. Yet in the persecution of what they considered error， the Puritans were no worse than many other movements in history. As a culture heritage， Puritanism did have a profound influence on the early American mind and American values. American Puritanism also had a conspicuously noticeable and an enduring influence on American literature. It had become， to some extent， so much a state of mind， so much a part of the national cultural atmosphere， rather than a set of tenets. （2） One of the manifestations is the fact that American romantic writers tended more to moralize than their English and European counterparts. Besides， a preoccupation with the Calvinistic view of origina1 sin and the mystery of evil marked the works of Hawthorne， Melville and a host of lesser writers. 2. New England Transcendentalism New England Transcendentalism is the mot clearly defined Romantic literary movement in this period. It was started in the area around Concord， Mass. by a group of intellectual and the literary men of the United States such as Emerson， Henry David Thoreau who were members of an informal club， i. e. the Transcendental Club in New England in the l830s. The transcendentalists reacted against the cold， rigid rationalism of Unitarianism in Boston. They adhered to an idealistic system of thought based on a belief in the essential unity of all creation ， the innate goodness of man， and the supremacy of insight over logic and experience for the revelation of the deepest truths. The writings of the transcendentalists prepared the ground of their contemporaries such as Walt Whitman， Herman Melville， and Nathaniel Hawthorne. The main issues involved in the debate were generally philosophical， concerning nature， man and the universe. Basically， Transcendentalism has been defined philosophical1y as "the recognition in man of the capacity of knowing truth intuitively， or of attaining knowledge transcending the reach of the senses." Emerson once proclaimed in a speech， "Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind." Other concepts that accompanied Transcendentalism inc1ude the idea that nature is ennobling and the idea that the individual is divine and， therefore， self-re1iant. 3. American Romanticists differed in their understanding of human nature. To the transcendentalists such as Emerson and Thoreau， man is divine in nature and therefore forever perfectible； but to Hawthorne and Melville， everybody is potentially a sinner， and great moral courage is therefore indispensab1e for the improvement of human nature， as is shown in Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter.
41．“Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:” Questions: A．Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken. B．Name the figure of speech employed in the poem. C．What is the theme of the poem? 42．“Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless? —You think wrong!… And if God had gifted me with some beauty, and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you…—it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; just as if both had passed through the grave, and we stood at God’s feet, equal—as we are!” Questions: A．Identify the author and the novel from which the quoted part is taken. B．To whom is the speaker speaking? C．What does the quoted part imply about the speaker? 43．“The woods are lovely, dark and deep, But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleep.” Questions: A．Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken. B．What does the word “sleep” mean? C．What idea do the four lines express? 44．“I celebrate myself, and sing myself, And what I assume you shall assume, For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you. I loafe and invite my soul, I learn and loafe at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.” (from Walt Whitman’s “Song of Myself”) Questions: A．Whom does “myself” refer to? B．How do you understand the line “I loafe and invite my soul”? C．What does “a spear of summer grass” indicate?该文章转载自无忧考网：
今天教务老师给大家收集整理了高级英语自考本科教材，自考本科高级英语怎么备考的相关问题解答，还有免费的自考历年真题及自考复习重点资料下载哦，以下是全国我们为自考生们整理的一些回答，希望对你考试有帮助！请问南师大英语本科自考英语泛读用什么教材的？全新正版27036高级英语阅读教程英语泛读江苏自考教材21世纪英语专业系列教程自学考试英语专业本科指定教材高级英语阅读教程下作者：康文凯出版社：上海交通大学出版社出版日期：2004-4-5定价：28元【内容简介】《高级英语阅读教程》分上中下三册，共精选短文96篇，内容涉及中西文化、语言、教育、生活、媒介、历史、妇女问题、科技、人性、哲学、文学等，每册按主题分为16个单元，每个单元配有与学习内容相关的阅读理解、词义辨析、句子释义以及修辞等练习和思考题。该教程为英语专业高年级学生设计，也可用作大学英语研究生和本科生选修课教材或散文爱好者的读物。【目录信息】UnitOneTextAUniversitiesandTheirFunctionTextBTheCollegeIsforEveryoneCultUnitTwoTextAMotherTongueTextBDoctorTalkUnitThreeTextATheProblemofHappinessTextBMyFather’sLifeUnitFourTextARememberingtheFarmTextBMyWoodUnitFiveTextASpeakingofPicturesTextBTelevision:ThePlug-inDrugUnitSixTextAHowDoesaPoemMean?TextBReading:FromManyRulestoOneHabitUnitSevenTextAWomenTextBWomen’sBusinessUnitEightUnitNineUnitTenUnitElevenUnitTwelveUnitThirteenUnitFourteenUnitFifteenUnitSixteenReferenceKeytotheExercises2010广东省自考英语教育本科教材有哪些？课程代码课程名称使用教材作者出版社版次8469高级英语(一)(B)新编英语教程(5册)李观仪上海外语教育出版社2003.38470高级英语(二)(B)新编英语教程(5、6册)李观仪上海外语教育出版社2004.18266翻译翻译新概念英汉互译实用教程宋天锡国防工业出版社2008重印第四版8268英语词汇学现代英语词汇学概论张韵裴北京师范大学出版社20048269英语语言学新编简明英语语言学教程戴炜栋、何兆熊上海外语教育出版社2002年7月第1版8475英美报刊选读英美报刊阅读教程端木义万南京大学出版社第二版8476英国文学选读英国文学史及选读吴伟仁外语教学与研究出版社19888478英语论文写作英语写作手册丁往道等外语教学与研究1994.6第二版8477美国文学选读美国文学史及选读吴伟仁外语教学与研究出版社19908479中学英语教学法英语教学法基础何广铿暨南大学出版社20018480外语教学心理学外语教学心理学朱纯上海外语教育出版社1994.98473第二外语《中日交流标准日本语》初级上、下册人民教育/日本光村人民教育/日本光村合作出版19888474第二外语简明法语教程(上下册)孙辉商务印书馆0012英语大学英语自学教程(上册)高远高等教育出版社1999年版8447基础英语新编英语教程[修订本](1、2册)李观仪上海外语教育出版社19988448基础英语新编英语教程[修订本](3册)李观仪上海外语教育出版社19998449基础英语新编英语教程[修订本](4册)李观仪上海外语教育出版社19998450英语阅读新编英语阅读教程(1-3册)王守仁.赵文书上海外语教育出版社自考英语本科中的《高级英语》比较难，该怎样复习才能通过考试呀？自?高级英语在英语本科中不是很难的，关键是要多看书，一般应该看3遍。有很多题目是书上的东西，没有什么窍门，只有去看透教材。另外，不要把希望寄托在一些复习材料上，北大燕园什么的用处都不大。以前的真题应该做一遍。当然，你参加英语自考，应该有很好的英语基础，我就不多说怎样学习英语了，呵呵。今年自考会计本科的教材？新华书店。大型书市。中职学校书店。淘宝网。自考/成考有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚当地自考/成考政策，点击底部咨询官网老师，免费领取复习资料：
不是B050206吗？题型是选择，然后是两个小说和两个诗歌的片段让你写出作者和作品名，然后就是两个完形填空，考的是作品之外的时代特征，然后还是给你选文片段，让你写作者名和作品名， 然后就是写作品的主题，作者的写作特征，最后大题是两个论述题，都是书里的内容。
全部题目用英文作答，请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上 PART ONE (40 POINTS)I. Multiple Choice(40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark your choice and write the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the answer sheet.1. All of Charles Dickens’ works, with the exception of _________, present a criticism of the more complicated and yet most fundamental social institutions and morals of the Victorian England.A. Bleak House B. Hard TimesC. Great ExpectationsD. A Tale of Two Cities2. From ____________ on, the tragic sense becomes the keynote of Thomas Hardy’s novels, the conflict between the traditional and the moden is brought to the center of the stage.A. The Return of the NativeB. The Mayor of CasterbridgeC. Tess of the D’UrbervillesD. Jude the Obscure3. George Bernard Shaw’s play ____________ shows his almost nihilistic bitterness on the subjects of the cruelty and madness of World War I and the aimlessness and disillusion of the young.A. Getting Married B. Too True to Be GoodC. Widowers’ HousesD. The Apple Cart4. It was only after the publication of ____________ that D.H. Lawrence was recognized as aprominent novelist.A. The Trespasser B. The White PeacockC. Sons and Lovers D. The Rainbow5. T. S. Eliot’s poem ____________ is heavily indebted to James Joyce in terms of the stream- of -consciousness technique, also a prelude to The Waste Land.A. “Prufrock” B. “Gerontion”C. The Hollow Men D. Lyrical Ballads6. Charlotte Brontё’s ____________ is noted for its sharp criticism of the existing society, e. g. the religious hypocrisy of charity institutions.A. The Professor B. Wuthering HeightsC. Villette D. Jane Eyre7. Shelley’s greatest achievement is his four - act poetic drama ____________ , which is an ex- ultant work in praise of humankind’s potential.A. Adonais B. Queen MabC. Prometheus Unbound D. Kubla Khan8. Among the Romantic poets ____________ is regarded as a “worshipper of nature”.A. William Blake B. William WordsworthC. George Gordon Byron D. John Keats9. The most perfect example of the verse drama after Greek style in English is John Milton’s ____________.A. Paradise Lost B. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica10. The major theme of Jane Austen’s novels is____________.A. love and money B. money and social statusC. social status and marriage D. love and marriage11. T. S. Eliot’s most important single poem ____________ has been hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th-century English poetry.A. The Hollow Men B. The Waste LandC. Murder in the CathedralD. Ash Wednesday12. According to the subjects, William Wordsworth’s short poems can be classified into two groups, poems about____________.A. nature and human life B. happiness and childhoodC. symbolism and imagination D. nature and commonlife13. Among the following writers ____________ is considered to be the best -known English dramatist since Shakespeare.A. Oscar Wilde B. John GalsworthyC. W. B. Yeats D. George Bernard Shaw14. William Blake’s ____________ composed during the climax of the French Revolution playsthe double role both as a satire and a revolutionary prophecy.A. The Book of Urizen B. The Book of LosC. Poetical Sketches D. Marriage of Heaven and Hell15. Charles Dickens’ works are characterized by a mingling of ____________ and pathos.A. metaphor B. passionC. satire D. humor16. Daniel Defoe describes ____________ as a typical English middle -class man of the eigh- teenth century, the very prototype of the empire builder, the pioneer colonist.A. Robinson Crusoe B. Moll FlandersC. Gulliver D. Tom Jones17. In Thomas Hardy’s Wessex novels, there is an apparent ____________ touch in his de- scription of the simple and beautiful though primitive rural life.A. nostalgic B. tragicC. romantic D. ironic18. Of all the eighteenth - century novelists ____________ was the first to set out, both in the-ory and practice, to write specially a “comic epic in prose”, the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.
英美文学基础知识：1、《英国文学选读》王守仁主编，高等教育出版社;2、《美国文学选读》陶洁主编，高等教育出版社;3、A History of English Literature，陈嘉著，商务印书馆出版;4、《美国文学简史》常耀信著，南开大学出版社;5、或其他高校使用的英美文学史及选读教材语言学：1、《语言学教程》胡壮麟等主编，北京大学出版社;2、《语言学概论》杨信彰主编,高等教育出版社;3、《英语词汇学教程》杨信彰编，高等教育出版社;4、或其他高校英语专业使用的语言学教材阅读理解：1、高校英语专业高年级通用教材英汉、汉英翻译：1、《英汉翻译教程》杨士焯著，北京大学出版社;2、《英译汉教程》连淑能编著，高等教育出版社;3、《笔译理论与技巧》何刚强编著，外语教学与研究出版社英语写作：1、《英语写作手册》丁往道等主编，外语教学与研究出版社;2、或其他高校英语专业写作教材法语：1、《法语》(1、2、3、4册)，马晓宏主编，外语教学与研究出版社;2、或《新大学法语》(1、2、3、4册)，李志清总主编，高等教育出版社四、我自己采用的书目。英美文学基础知识：1、《英国文学简史》常耀信著，南开大学出版社;2、《美国文学简史》常耀信著，南开大学出版社;3、《英国文学选读》王守仁主编，高等教育出版社;4、《美国文学选读》陶洁主编，高等教育出版社;5、《美国文学简史学习指南》赵红英著，中国传媒大学出版社;6、《英国文学简史学习指南》赵红英著，中国传媒大学出版社;7、《20世纪英美诗歌导读》张礼龙著，厦门大学出版社语言学：1、《语言学教程》胡壮麟等主编，北京大学出版社;2、《语言学概论》杨信彰主编,高等教育出版社;阅读理解：1、《GRE全真阅读详解》樊一昕，苑青主编，世界图书出版社;2、考研英语阅读真题3、GMAT_GRE_LSAT_READING英汉、汉英翻译：1、《英译中国现代散文选》张培基著，上海外语教育出版社;2、《英汉名篇名译》谢少华等著，译林出版社;3、政府工作报告写作：1、《GRE写作5.5》李建林，外语教学与研究出版社法语：1、《法语》(1、2、3、4册)马晓宏主编，外语教学与研究出版社;2、《法语》教学辅导参考书马晓宏主编，外语教学与研究出版社;3、《新大学法语》(1、2册)李志清主编，高等教育出版社;3、《实用法语语法》张晶主编，中国宇航出版社;4、《大学法语考研必备》郭以澄等编，世界图书出版公司;5、《法语动词变位实用手册》陈伯祥主编，外文出版社;6、《法语词汇练习800》徐素娟、张卓立，东华大学出版社;7、《法语语法练习800》陈建伟、卢梦雅，东华大学出版社3政治：1、《风中劲草》杨杰，学林出版社2、《肖秀荣2014考研政治命题人终极预测4套卷》，北京航天航空出版社3、《肖秀荣2014考研政治命题人形势与政策以及当代世界经济与政治》，北京航天航空大学出版社参考资料（思睿厦大考研）：《2015厦门大学708写作与英汉互译考研冲刺宝典》《2015厦大708写作与英汉互译考研模拟五套卷与答案解析》《厦门大学708写作与英汉互译2007-2014考研真题及答案解析》(含考试分析)
厦门大学英语语言文学 初试参考书目： 俄语： 《大学俄语》（ 1-3 册）董青、乔绪主编，北京大学出版社，或其他高校的公共俄语教材 日语： 《中日交流标准日本语》（初级上•下册、中级上•下册共四册），人民教育出版社，或其他高校的公共日语教材 法语：《法语》（1、2、3、4册），马晓巨集主编，外语教学与研究出版社，或《新大学法语》（1、2、3、4册），李志清总主编，高等教育出版社，2003年 德语： 《新编大学德语》 1-4 册，朱建华主编，外语教学与研究出版社， 2004 年 9 月 英语写作： 《英语写作手册》丁往道等主编，外语教学与研究出版社， 1984 年，或其他高校英语专业写作教材 英汉、汉英翻译： 1、《英汉翻译教程》杨士焯著，北京大学出版社，2006年； 2、《英译汉教程》连淑能编著，高等教育出版社， 2006年 ； 3、《英汉对比研究》，连淑能著，高等教育出版社， 1993 年 阅读理解： 高校英语专业高年级通用教材 英美文学基础知识： 1、《英国文学选读》王守仁主编，高等教育出版社， 2000 年。 2、《美国文学选读》陶洁主编，高等教育出版社， 2000 年。 3、 A History of English Literature ，陈嘉著，商务印书馆出版。 4、《美国文学简史》常耀信着，南开大学出版社或其他高校使用的英美文学史及选读教材 。 语言学： 1、《语言学教程》胡壮麟等主编，北京大学出版社。 2、《语言学概论》杨信彰主编 , 高等教育出版社， 2005 年。 3、或其他高校英语专业使用的语言学教材。 复试参考书目： 请直接向外文学院咨询：
思睿厦大考研为你解答：研究方向为： 01翻译学。 02日汉文化语言学。 03日本文学。 04比较文化学。 学长群一九零六零六九八三初试科目为： ①101思想政治理论。 ②241英语(二外)。 ③611基础日语。 ④817综合日语。 参考书目 《厦门大学综合日语2003-2014考研真题及答案解析》
复旦大学英语语言文学专业创立于1905年复旦大学成立之初，多位具有国内外影响的著名学者曾在此任教，专业教学科研成果突出，多次获得国家及上海市的优秀教学奖及其他学术奖励。1984年建立英语语言文学博士点，目前为上海市重点学科。 目前，该专业共有两个博士点（英语语言文学；外国语言学及应用语言学），两个硕士点（英语语言文学；外国语言学及应用语言学），1 个博士后流动站（英语语言文学）。专业目前有教师27人，其中有11人具有国内外著名大学博士学位，16人具有硕士学位；现有教授13人，副教授8人，博士生导师8人，硕士生导师12人。 本专业科研成果丰富，在英语语言学（理论语言学、应用语言学、社会语言学、语用学等）、英汉双语词典编纂与研究、莎士比亚研究、英美文学研究、翻译研究等方面尤为显著。其中英语语言学、英语词典编纂学、莎士比亚研究等在国际国内学术界具有影响。 本专业学生语言基本功扎实，专业学生在各类全国及国际英语讲演、辩论竞赛中屡获殊荣，在全国英语专业四、八级测试中一直名列前茅。本专业每年还向学生提供相当数量的海外交流（实习或深造）机会。毕业学生的主要去向为：国家重要 *** 部门、国内外重要的教育、商务、企业、新闻传媒机构、以及各国驻华机构等。 英语语言文学专业本科阶段学制4年，开设专业课程包括基础英语、中级英语、高阶英语、英语语法、英美文学史、英美概况、英美文化、英语写作、翻译理论与实践、英汉口译、语言学导论、英语报刊等，高年级还开设莎士比亚选读、英美影视、英美新闻媒体、英语讲演技巧等。与专业相关的课余活动十分丰富，包括定期和不定期的名人名家学术讲座、学生英语剧社、《二十年华》英语刊物、相关社会实践等。 专业硕士研究生阶段2-3年，博士研究生阶段3-4年，主要课程和研究方向包括：英语语言学（系统功能语言学、应用语言学、认知语言学、语用学等）、英汉双语词典编纂学、英美文学、翻译理论与研究等。博士后流动站方向与此大体相同。
17还没出来给你个16的吧①101思想政治理论②201英语一③628音乐学基础理论④827音乐基础理论复试科目：音乐与舞蹈学967复试不招收跨专业考生1.加试钢琴2.基本乐理Ⅱ具体参考书目见
研究生院在黄岛校区！也有研究生跟着导师做专案，研二的时候又回到东营校区的
厦大外文学院英美文学基础知识参考书：
1、《英国文学选读》王守仁主编，高等教育出版社， 2000 年。 2、《美国文学选读》陶洁主编，高等教育出版社， 2000 年。 3、 A History of English Literature ，陈嘉著，商务印书馆出版。 4、《美国文学简史》常耀信着，南开大学出版社或其他高校使用的英美文学史及选读教材 。
以上供你参考，具体考研详情可以进厦大研究生院查询哦。
有的啊，你可以到武汉理工大学官网上检视下2018年的硕士研究生招生目录，招收英语语言文学专业