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自学考试英语教育学试题

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自学考试英语教育学试题

【免费获取学历提升方案和复习资料:https://www.jxjyw.com/tg/?bdlk】自考英语专业的考生科目有外语教学法、国际商务英语、英语科技文选、毛概、思想道德修养与法律基础、英语国家概况、英语写作、英美文学选读等等。自考英语专业的考试科目有哪些1、专科科目:思想道德修养与法律基础、毛邓三、大学语文、综合英语(一)、综合英语(二)、听力、口语、英语阅读(一)、英语阅读(二)、英语写作基础、英语国家概况、教育学(一)、毛概2、本科科目:中国近代史纲要、马原、高级英语、英语翻译、口译与听力、英语写作、英美文学选读、第二外语(日语)、第二外语(法语)、外语教学法、语言与文化、英语词汇学、英语经贸知识、现代语言学、英语语法、毕业论文(设计)。自学考试英语考生该如何备考1、单词方法:从单词学习入手,拆解词根,熟悉背诵例句,锻炼语感。方式推荐:联想式记忆,词根+联想+记忆法2、制定详细的计划利用休闲时间,一切的安排全看自己的生活规律,将学习英语牢牢的镶嵌于我们日常生活每一个空闲时刻,早上起床后、睡觉前、坐车时随时打开手机背诵英语。自考英语专业的就业方向有哪些自考英语专业毕业后可从事英语翻译、英语口译、外贸以及外事活动等方面。英语作为很多国家与地区的官方语言,已经成为了重要的交通工具,而且随着国际经济的发展,我国对于英语的使用也更广泛,对于英语人才的需求也更大,英语专业毕业生的就业率比较高,大多数都能够发挥自身英语优势获得比较大的发展。报考考试有疑问、不知道如何考点内容、不清楚报考考试当地政策,点击底部咨询猎考网,免费领取复习资料:

16. ( )指的是对骨骼与肌肉活动相联系的技能的练习。 A. 心智技能练习 B. 动作技能练习 C. 分段练习 D. 综合练习 17. 家长不要因担心弄脏衣服而不让幼儿玩耍,而应积极鼓励孩子进行探索性的玩耍,这是因为孩子具有喜欢( )的特点。 A. 求知 B. 交往 C. 探索 D. 游戏 18. 幼儿园的年龄对象是( )。 A. 0—2岁 B. 2—3岁 C. 3—6岁 D. 6—7岁 19. 混合班一般采用( )。 A. 课堂教学 B. 小组教学 C. 个别教学 D. 复式教学 20. 托儿所、幼儿园的( )是目前我国家园工作中最常用的一种形式。 A. 开放日活动 B. 咨询活动 C. 家长学校 D. 家访 二、名词解释(每小题3分,共18分) 1. 学前班 2. 行为操练法 3. 恩物 4. 发展适宜性 5. 社区 6. 受教育者 三、简答题(每小题6分,共30分) 1. 简述婴儿动作训练的要点。 2. 简述家庭的教育功能。 3. 简述教师在指导儿童结构游戏时应注意的事项。 4. 简述张雪门的幼稚园教学法。 5. 简述大班幼儿的发展特点。 四、论述题(每小题10分,共20分) 1. 联系实际谈谈如何运用卢梭的教育方法? 2. 试述学前班教育小学化的危害,并分析其原因。 五、应用题(12分) 应用:在教育工作实践中尝试使用环境体验法。

全国2007年4月高等教育自学考试 学前教育学试题 课程代码:00383 一、单项选择题(本大题共28小题,每小题1分,共28分) 在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。 1.教育活动中所传递的信息是( ) A.教育影响 B.教育物质资源 C.教育内容 D.教育途径 2.人类自身再生产不仅指人的繁衍生存,还指( ) A.个体社会化 B.人类的延续 C.社会的发展 D.知识的传播 3.为工作的母亲照管儿童成为学前教育目标是( ) A.工业社会初期 B.工业社会 C.农业社会初期 D.农业社会 4.人类在社会历史实践中所创造的物质财富和精神财富的总和是( ) A.文化 B.政治 C.经济 D.教育 5.认为儿童是民族和国家的财富,是家族传承和繁衍的工具是( ) A.人本位的儿童观 B.社会本位的儿童观 C.神本位的儿童观 D.教育本位的儿童观 6.出生到3岁儿童的社会化主要是在( ) A.社会机构中进行 B.托儿所中进行 C.幼儿园中进行 D.家庭中进行 7.个体发展是由头到脚、由中间向四周进行的,这表明个体发展具有( ) A.规律性 B.个别差异 C.阶段性 D.社会性 8.教育第一个承认游戏教育价值的是( ) A.福禄贝尔 B.卢梭 C.蒙台梭利 D.夸美纽斯 9.皮亚杰认为心理特点为“自我中心化”的儿童处于( ) A.感知运动阶段 B.前运算思维阶段 C.具体运算思维阶段 D.形式运算思维阶段 10.我国教育家陶行知提出的教育方法是( ) A.自然后果法 B.教学做合一 C.整个教学法 D.发现式教学法 11.教育著作《林哈德与葛笃德》的作者是( ) A.戈尔曼 B.洛克 C.裴斯泰洛齐 D.加德纳 12.《幼儿园工作规程》明确规定,幼儿园教育要以游戏为( ) A.基本活动 B.教育活动 C.主要活动 D.生活活动 13.教师在布置活动区域时,尽量把性质相似的活动区安排在一起,以免相互干扰,这是活动区之间的( ) A.界限性 B.相容性 C.转换性 D.规则性 14.积木、拼板、穿珠等材料应投放在( ) A.操作区 B.木工区 C.科学区 D.语言区 15.会选择和利用建造材料,正确地建造物体,这种结构游戏的要求是针对( ) A.小班 B.中班 C.大班 D.学前班 16.我国学前教育中特有的一条教育原则是( ) A.独立自主性原则 B.保教结合原则 C.发展适宜性原则 D.综合性原则 17.教师在教学中出示实物或教具,进行示范性操作的方法是( ) A.讨论法 B.语言法 C.演示法 D.环境体验法 18.让幼儿分析讨论和角色扮演“如果你是一位老年人,在生活中有很多不方便,你的心情会怎么样?”这是移情训练的( ) A.认知提示 B.情绪追忆 C.情感换位 D.巩固深化 19.在家庭中,人们调剂精神、消除疲劳、恢复体力,这是家庭的( ) A.经济功能 B.教育功能 C.休息娱乐功能 D.繁衍后代功能 20.家长是孩子的第一任教师,也是终身教师,这是家庭教育的( ) A.率先性 B.丰富性 C.终身性 D.深刻性 21.解除父母的后顾之忧,保证父母安心地参加工作,这是托儿所的( ) A.保育性 B.教育性 C.社会性 D.社会福利性 22.能正确辨别基本颜色,但还不能正确命名颜色的是( ) A.3个月儿童 B.6个月儿童 C.1岁儿童 D.3岁儿童 23.2个月的婴儿每天睡眠时间一般为( ) A.8—10小时 B.13—14小时 C.17—18小时 D.21—22小时 24.处于发展的不平衡期,甚至出现“撒野”行为的是( ) A.1—2岁 B.3—4岁 C.4—5岁 D.5—6岁 25.在刚入园时,当与家人暂时分离后,幼儿会出现情绪不安的表现,称为( ) A.分离依恋 B.分离异常 C.分离焦虑 D.分离断乳 26.幼儿与同伴说:“我看到一条象牛那样大的狗”,幼儿的这种说谎属于( ) A.夸耀式的说谎 B.分不清事实与想象的说谎 C.掩盖式的说谎 D.模仿式的说谎 27.现代教育理论认为,托儿所、幼儿园与家庭是( ) A.合同关系 B.伙伴关系 C.指导与被指导关系 D.教育者与受教育者关系 28.以联邦政府以及州政府为主投入资金,由受过培训的教师对家庭环境不佳的儿童提供负责的学前教育的“提前开端计划”是( ) A.日本 B.澳大利亚 C.法国 D.美国 二、名词解释题(本大题共6小题,每小题2分,共12分) 29.受教育者 30.发展 31.托儿所 32.结构游戏 33.讨论法 34.家长接待日 三、简答题(本大题共6小题,每小题6分,共36分) 35.政治对教育制度的影响。 36.幼儿教师劳动的特点。 37.如何创设良好的家庭育儿环境? 38.如何在教育实践中实施活动性原则? 39.为什么说游戏有利于儿童情绪的发展? 40.创设托儿所睡眠环境的要求。 四、论述题(本大题共2小题,每小题12分,共24分) 41.结合幼儿园教育实际,论述教师如何组织指导儿童开展角色游戏。 42.试分析学前班教育小学化倾向的危害以及原因,并提出改革建议。

自学考试教育学英语2试题

1自考英语(二)应该与大专的英语水平相当,比大学英语四级稍微简单一些。2主要题型有语法选择题,阅读理解,完形填空,和英汉短句翻译。3认真看书和背书,并做一些往年的试题和模拟题,会通过自考英语(二)。

英语二就是一科。希望我的回答能够帮到你。

有点难。英语二 是自考本科必考的科目 只有通过英语二才能拿到学位证书. 自考需要很好很强大的自学能力和理解能力.,需要很强悍的毅力,自考有主考院校,不是像高考一样,主要院校是固定的,是发给你毕业证的学校。

英语专业是培养具有扎实的英语语言基础和较为广泛的科学文化知识,能在外事、经贸、文化、新闻出版、教育、科研、旅游等部门从事翻译、研究、教学、管理工作的英语高级专门人才的学科。

英语专业

英语专业学生主要学习英语语言学、文学,英语国家的历史、政治、经济、外交和社会文化等方面基本理论知识,受到英语听、说、读、写、译的良好的技能训练,掌握一定的科研方法,具有从事翻译、研究、教学、管理工作的业务水平以及较高的综合素质能力。

由于学校的不同,英语专业的分类也是有所区别的。但是,在本科英语专业的学习中,大一大二所学内容是比较宽泛的,比如基础英语、英语语音学、英语泛读、英语听力等基础课程,大都是起到巩固基本能力的作用。

以上内容参考:百度百科-自考本科

一、自考英语二考试报名时间上半年在1月上旬报名、4月考试,下半年在6月上旬报名,10月考试。一般报名时间:上半年1月5日-10日;下半年6月10日-15日,具体时间以省教育考试院网站发布为准。自学考试英语(二)是自考本科专业的公共课程。学生自行参加报名、考试,具体报名办法、报名时间登陆河北省教育考试院网站或到当地教育局自考办咨询。二、考试内容简介英语二命题按照标准化测试要求设计。命题的广度和难度依据本大纲规定的知识范围和能力要求确定。部分命题素材取自英语二自学教程。统考以阅读和写作为主,听、说不做统考要求。考试采取闭卷笔试考试。考试时间150分钟。满分100分,60分及格。统考试题包括客观性试题和主观性试题。分别占卷面总分的55%和45%。试卷由七部分组成,包括阅读判断、阅读选择、概括段落大意和补全句子、填句补文、填词补文、完形补文以及短文写作。第一部分、阅读判断本部分要求考生在读懂一篇350词左右短文的基础上,对给出的10个句子所表达的信息做出判断。有的信息正确,有的错误,有的文中没有提到。10小题,每小题1分,共10分第二部分、阅读选择该部分选用1篇长度350词左右的短文,题材包括人文、科技、经济、环境、卫生等热点话题,文中会适当给出个别生词的中文释义。短文后设有5个题目,要求考生从每题后4个备选项中选出最佳选项。5小题,每小题2分,共计10分第三部分、概括段落大意和补全句子本部分包括1篇短文(400词左右)和2项任务:概括段落大意和补全句子。概括大意部分旨在考查考生宏观把握文章结构、概括段落大意和提取关键信息的能力。该任务设有五或六个概括句或小标题。其中一个为干扰性。要求考生根据文章内容选出最恰当的段落大意或小标题。补全句子主要考察考生定位查找关键信息的能力。该任务设有五个或六个不完整的句子和六或七个备选项,所填内容一般为名词短语,动宾短语,形容词结构,非谓语形式或简短的从句等,要求考生把符合题意的选项填入空格,完成每个句子。共10小题,每小题1分,共10分第四部分、填句补文该部分主要考查考生对文章语段特征(如连贯性和一致性等)的识办能力以及把握文章结构的能力。要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系,理解句子之间段落之间的关系,并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。该部分选用1篇总长度约400词的短文,所选材料多是观点鲜明、条理清楚的说明文或议论文。要求考生在理解文章整体结构以及段落之间、单句之间关系的基础上,从所给的6个备选项中选出对应的5项。5小题,每小题2分,共10分第五部分、填词补文该部分考查考生对文章及语篇中词汇的理解能力。所选短文一般为250-300词,题材涉及科普知识、社会热点等。短文中留出10个词汇的空格,要求考生从所给12个备选词中选择符合上下文语境的词汇填入相应空白处,使短文意思通顺、表达正确;2个非确选项具有强干扰性。考查的词汇主要涉及名词、动词、形容词、副词等。短文首句不设置空格,两个空格之间会有一定间隔,以保证考生对篇章的正确理解。10小题,每小题1分,共15分第六部分、完形补文该部分考查考生综合理解和运用语言的能力,要求考生准确掌词语拼写,熟练派生、屈折变化等构词方法;具备语篇分析能力,能够通过上下文意义和文章结构对具体词语的意义、词性、时体和情态等方面的应用作出有效分析。短文选自英语国家大众报纸杂志,内容涉及传记、社会文化、日常知识、科普常识等常见话题。该部分要求考生在通读1篇约150词短文的基础上,将与空处对应的提示词转换成适当的词汇形式填入文中,使短文意义完整、语法正确。10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分第七部分、短文写作该部分考査考生的书面表达能力。要求考生根据所给情境写出不少于150词(不计标点符号)的文章。提供情境的形式有图画、图表、文字等。考生需要就具体或一般性抽象话题进行描述、阐释或说明,用词恰当,表达通顺;能正确反映客观情况,表达自己的观点;能准确使用所学语言知识,根据写作要求清楚、有条理、连贯地表达自己的意思。1个题,共30分

高等教育自学考试英语试题

高等教育自学考试英语二选择题(阅读判断10分、阅读选择10分、)非选择题(补全句子10分、填句补文10分、填词补文15分、完形补文15分、短文写作30分)。自学考试满分100分,考试题包括客观性试题和主观性试题,分别占卷面总分的55%和45%,及格分数线为60分。 自考英语二作文评分标准 第一档25-30分:圆满完成了试题规定的任务。 清楚地表达了全部内容要点,运用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务要求,语言运用较为准确、恰当。 第二档19-24分:完成了试题规定的任务。 清楚的表达了全部或关键内容要点。运用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的基本要求。语言运用基本正确,虽有小错,但不影响理解。 第三档13-18分:基本完成了试题规定的任务。 提及了关键内容要点(可能漏掉了个别内容)。运用的语法机构和词汇满足了任务的最低要求。存在一些语言错误,但基本不影响理解。 第四档7-12分:完成了一部分试题规定的任务。 遗漏或未能清楚表达内容要点。语法结构和词汇单调。语言错误较多,部分错误影响理解。 第五档1-6分:未完成试题规定的任务。 明显遗漏内容要点。语法结构和词汇及单调。语言错误很多,严重影响理解。 0分:所表达的信息或所用语言太少,无法评价;所写内容与题目要求完全无关。自考/成考有疑问、不知道如何总结自考/成考考点内容、不清楚自考/成考报名当地政策,点击底部咨询官网,免费领取复习资料:

2005年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试卷+答案 (课程代码 0832) 第一部分 选择题 I.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%) 1. There are two approaches to the study of polysemy.Theyare______. A.primary and secondary B.central and peripheral C.diachronic and synchronic D.formal and functional [ ] 2. Which of the following is NOT a stylistic feature of idioms? A.Colloquial B.Slang C.Negative D.Literary [ ] 3. Synonyms can be classified into two major groups,that is:_____. A.absolute and relative B.absolute and complete C.relative and near D.complete and identical [ ] 4. In the early period of Middle English,English,____existed side by side, A.Celtic and Danish B.Danish and French C.Latin and Celtic D.French and Latin [ ] 5. Amonomorphemic word is a word that consists of a single_______morpheme. A.formal B.concrete C.free D.bound [ ] 6. Whch of the following groups of words is NOT onomatopoeically motivated? A,croak,drum B.squeak,bleat C.buzz,neigh D.bang,trumpet [ ] 7.LDCE is distinctive for its____. A.Clear grammar codes B.usage notes C.language notes D.all of the above [ ] 8. From the historical point of view,English is more closely related to A.German B.French C.Scotttish D.Irish [ ] 9. Which of the following is NOT an acronym? A.TOEFL B.ODYSSEY C.BASIC D.CCTV [ ] 10. In the course book,the author lists____types of context clues for inferring word meaning. A.eight B.six C.seven D.five [ ] 11.Sources of homonyms include____. A.changes in sound and spelling B.borrowing C.shortening D.all of the above [ ] 12.The written form of English is a(an)________representation of the spoken form. A.selective B.adequate C.imperfect D.natural [ ] 13.Structurally a____is the smallest meaningful unit of a language. A.molpheme B.stem C.word D.compound [ ] 14.Unlike affixes,____are often free morphemes. A.sufrixes B.prefixes C.inflectional morphemes D.roots [ ] 15.The four major foreign contributors to the English vocabulary in earlier times were French. Latin,____. A.Scandinavian and Italian B.Greek and Scandinavian C.Celtic and Greek D.Italian and Spanish [ ] 第二部分 非选择题 Ⅱ.Complete the rollowing staternents with proper words or expressions according to the course book. 16.The name given to the widening of meaning which some words undergo is____. 17.Longman lexicon of Contemporary English is a____dictionary. 18.When a new word appears for the first time,the author usually manages to give hints or ____in the context to help the readers. 19.Radiation and____are the two coinages which the development of word meaning follows from monosemy to polysemy. 20.Middle English refers to the language spoken from 1150 to____. Ⅲ.Match the words or explessions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1)word Origin,2)word formation. and 3)types of Synonyms or antonyms. A B ( )21.skill A.back—formation ( )22.babysit B.blendlng ( )23.telequiz C.French origin ( )24.composition/compounding D.SCandinavianorigin ( )25.government E.clipping ( )26.same/different F. relative synonyms ( )27.gent G. Germanic ( )28.English H.absolute synonyms ( )29.change/alter I. contradictory terms ( )30.big/small J.contrary terms IV.Smdy the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined, 2) types of meanings,3)processes of meaning development,and 4) forlnation of eompounds. 31.neck→primary meaning:that part of man joining the head tO the body; a secondary meaning:the narrowest part of anything.( ) 32.contradict ( ) 33.mother:love,care ( ) 34.upcoming ( ) 35.window shopping ( ) 36.radlos ( ) 37.property developer ( ) 38.Candidate→earlier meaning:white-robed; later meaning:a person proposed for a place,award etc. ( )overcoat 39.handsomo-tyoewhter ( )man 40.northward ( ) V. Define the following terms. 41.encyclopendia 42.borrcwed 43.blending 44.extension 45.phrasal verb VI. Answer the following questing questions. Your answers should be Clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. 46.what is the difference prefixation and suffixation? Explain with two examples. 47.what is extra-linguistic context? 48.what is polysemy? Illustrate your points. VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. 49. Study the following sentence and try to guess the meaning of the word in italics. Then what contextual help you to work out the meaning. Carnivores are very dangerous. Not long ago, a tiger escaped from the zoo and killed a dog in The street and ate it. 50.Connotative meaning is not stable. Comment on this statement with one example. 英语词汇学答案 (课程代码 0832)I.Each Of the smtements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. 1.C 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.A 11.D 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.B II Complete the following statements with proper words Or expressions according to the course book. 16.extension 或generalization 17.specialized 18.clues 19.concatenation 20.1500 III.Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according tO 1) word origin,2)word formation,and 3)types of synonyms or antonyms. 21.D 22.A 23.B 24.H 25.C 26.I 27.E 28.G 29.F 30.J IV.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1)types of bound morphemes underlined,2)types of meanings,3)processes of meaning development,and 4)formation of compounds. 31.radiation 32.bound root 33.connotative meaning 34.adv+v-ing 35.n+v-ing 36.inflectional affix/inflectional morpheme 37.n+v-er 3.concatenation 39.collocative meaning 40.suffix/derivational affix V.Definethefollowingterms. 41.An encyclopedia provides encyclopedic information concerning each headword;it is not concerned with the language per se. 42.Borrowed words,also,known,as loan words,are words taken over from foreign languages. 43.It refers to the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word with a part of another word. 44.Extension is a process by which a word which originally had a specialized meaning has now become generalized. 45.idiom composed of a verb plus a preposition and/or a particle. VI.Answer the following questions.Your answers should be clear and short.Write your answers in the space given below. 46.Prefixation does not generally change the word-class of the stem;it only modifies its meaning. e.g.treat--maltreat Suffixation,On,the other hand,changes the word-class instead of its meaning.e.g.employ—— employer 47.(1)Known as non-linguistic context or context of situation. (2)components a.participants(addresser and addressee) writer and reader speaker and listener/hearer b.time and place c.cultural background 48.要点:1)a common feature peculiar to all natural languages. 2)have more than one sense. 3)The problem of polesemy Can be dealt with from two angles:diachronic approach and synchronic approach. VII.Analyze and comment on the following.Write your answers in the space given below. 49(1)tiger is a hyponym,of carnivore (2)carnivore is a superordinate of tiger (3)tiger feeds on meat as known by all (4)carnivore may feed on meat (5)therefore,a carnivore is a meat-eating animal 50.(1)connotative meaning,known as connotation,refers to the overtones or associations suggested by the conceptual meaning. (2)connotative meanings are not given in the dictionary.but associated with the word in actual context to particular readers or speakers.Thus they are unstable.varying considerably according to culture,historical period and the experience of the individual. (3)For example,home may remind one child of warmth,safety or love,while to another child who is often scolded or beaten at home,it may mean indifference,hatred,or even hell.

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高等教育自学考试试题英语

三、 改译题(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分) (一)下列句子的中译文有一个或一个以上错误,请加以改正。(10分) Example: 原文:Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate. 译文:阿德莱德享有地中海气候。 改译:阿德莱德属地中海气候。 36. 原文: Chou arranged for them to join the Berlin Communist group as candidates until their application had been sent to China and an answer received. 译文:周恩来把他们作为候补党员加入党在柏林的支部,直到他们的入党申请书被寄到中国并收到回复。 37. 原文: Brindley’s improvements were practical. 译文:布林德雷的改良是实际的。 38. 原文: The road followed the course of the Nile, now passing through the fields, now drawing a black line separating them from the desert. 译文:公路是顺着尼罗河修筑的,现在穿过庄稼地,现在像是划的一条黑线,这边是庄稼,那边是沙漠。 39. 原文: The people of the United States also have experienced the benefits of world trade. 译文:美国人民也已经经历了国际贸易的好处。 40. 原文: India is a smuggler’s delight. 译文:印度是走私者的快乐。 (二)下列句子的英译文有一个或一个以上错误,请加以改正。(10分) Example: 原文:中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。 译文:At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons. 改译:At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons. 41. 原文: 过去向我们学习的人,现在反而超过了我们,这对我们确实是一种鞭策。 译文:People who had learned from us now excelled us. It was a real challenge. 42. 原文: 本公约须经签字国批准或接受。 译文:This convention should be bound by the ratification or acceptance by the signatory states. 43. 原文: 中国的海域有丰富的海水资源。 译文:China’s seas have rich seawater resources. 44. 原文: 她口角边渐渐地有了笑影,脸上也白胖了。 译文:Little by little smiling appeared at the corner of her mouth, while her face became white and fat. 45. 原文: 罗马是建在七山之上的城市,拥有大小500座教堂。 译文: Rome was located on seven hills with big and small five hundred churches. 四、 段落翻译 (本大题共2小题,每小题15分,共30分) (一)将下列短文译成汉语(15分) 46. A modern wife has now been given the choice of whether or not to stay at home and be a full-time housewife. Thirty years ago it was expected that when a girl got married she automatically stopped working to become a full-time housewife and mother. In the 1990’s, society does not expect that of woman. Women today have the freedom to continue with their careers and the freedom to choose whether or not to have children. Some couples deliberately choose not to have children in favor of pursuing interesting and well-paid careers, while others choose to have children at a much later time. (二)将下列短文译成英语(15分) 47. 单位里有了个钱多事少离家近的工作,领导要求希望得到这一工作的人马上提出申请。有人特意向一贯清高的乌先生传达时,乌先生没听完就溜了。事后他对朋友说:“这种事早就有内定的人选,提出申请,左右都会给领导落下话柄。三十六计,走为上计,走而不战是不算输的。”

全国2006年7月高等教育自学考试 英语翻译试题 课程代码:00087 (请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上) 一、 单项选择题 (本大题共15小题,每小题2分,共30分) (一)本部分共有10小题,在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个在意义和表达方面与原文最接近,选择译文。错选、多选或未选均无分。(20分) 1. Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into Sudan. A. 古埃及的坟墓和寺庙跟随着尼罗河一直到苏丹。 B. 古埃及的坟墓和寺庙很好地跟随着尼罗河,然后进入苏丹。 C. 尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方,到处可以见到古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。 D. 从尼罗河到苏丹,有许多古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。 2. Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languor had succeeded this passionate struggle. A. 愤怒和痛苦接连几个星期折磨着我,一种深深的无力战胜了这种激烈的斗争。 B. 几个星期以来,我又气又恨,感到非常痛苦,这种感情上的激烈斗争过去之后,我感到浑身无力。 C. 愤怒和辛酸折磨着我,已经有好几个星期了,经过激烈的挣扎,我感到浑身无力。 D. 我又气又痛苦,接连几个星期都这样。这种激烈的挣扎把我折磨得一点力气都没有。 3. It was an old woman, tall and shapely still, though withered by time, on whom his eyes fell when he stopped and turned. A. 这是一个老妇女,虽然受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴,仍然个子高挑,身材匀称,当他停下转身时,目光落在她身上。 B. 他站住,转过身,定睛一看,是个年迈的妇女,她虽然受时间的煎熬显得有些憔悴,仍然身材高挑,一副好模样。 C. 他站住,转过身,定睛一看,是一个虽然受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴,仍然身材高挑,一副好模样的年迈的妇女。 D. 这是一个个子高挑,身材匀称的老妇女,但受时间的折磨显得有些憔悴,当他停下转身时,他看到了她。 4. I remember my childhood names for grasses and secret flowers. A. 我记得儿时的名字、小草和秘密的小花。 B. 我记得在我儿时,我的名字是以小草和隐藏的小花命名的。 C. 我记得儿时给各种小草和隐蔽的小花取的名字。 D. 我记得童年时给各种小草起的名字和一些隐蔽的小花。 5. Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land. A. 我从未听说过美国音乐在国外比国内要演奏得好。 B. 我在国外时,从未听到美国音乐比现在还要演奏得好。 C. 我从未听到过美国音乐在国外演奏得比这更好的。 D. 我在国外从未听到过演奏得这么好的美国音乐。 6. 他在中国旅游过的地方,除了泰山以外,都是我没有到过的! A. In China, he has been to many places which I have never visited, with the exception of Mount Tai. B. He had gone to many places in China, which I had never been to except Mount Tai. C. The many places he has been to in China are what I haven’t been to apart from Mount Tai. D. I have been to Mount Tai. But I haven’t been to many places which he has been to in China. 7. 回家的感觉真好,可以吃到妈妈亲手做的家乡菜。 A. I feel good to be at home. I can eat the hometown dishes my mom makes. B. I feel so nice back home that I could eat the home dishes made by my mom. C. It feels great to be home. I can enjoy the local dishes my mom makes. D. The feeling of going back home was really great. I can enjoy the taste of my hometown dishes cooked by mother. 8. 中国从美国的进口额,1978年为9亿美元,到1982年增加到近30亿美元。 A. China’s imports from America were $900 million in 1978 and then it rose by $ 3 billion in 1982. B. America’s imports from China jumped from $900 million in 1978 to $ 3 billion in 1982. C. China’s imports from America amounted from $900 million in 1978 to $ 3 billion in 1982. D. China’s imports from the US rose from $900 million in 1978 to $ 3 billion in 1982. 9. 中国有12亿多人口,陆地自然资源人均占有量低于世界平均水平。 A. China has a population of more than 1.2 billion, and its land natural resources per capita are lower than the world’s average. B. China’s population is 1.2 billion and the natural resources on the land per head are lower than the world’s average level. C. The 1.2 billion people in China have lower land natural resources than in the world each. D. The land natural resources 1.2 billion Chinese have are less than the world has. 10. 最近天气暖和了,有不少人想趁周末出去走走。 A. It is getting warm these days. Many people want to go out for a walk on the weekend. B. It has been getting warmer these days. Many people like to take a short trip on the weekend. C. Recently the weather is becoming warm. Quite a few people want to go out to walk during the weekend. D. As the climate is becoming warmer and warmer, some people want to have a walk in the weekend. (二) 本部分共有5小题,在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,选择答案完成句子。 错选、多选或未选均无分。(10分) 11. 对初学者来说,翻译的标准是 A.忠实 B.文雅 C.传神 D.忠实和通顺 12._______不喜欢重复,如果在一句话里或相连的几句话里需要重复某个词语,则用_______来代替,或以其他手段来避免重复。 A. 汉语,名词 B. 英语, 副词 C. 英语,代词 D. 汉语,代词 13. 在“翻译三论”一文中提出“雅”应当作为“得体”来理解的是 A. 钱钟书 B. 周煦良 C. 傅雷 D. 王佐良 14. 费道罗夫在《翻译理论概要》中提出了________。 A.确切翻译的原则 B. 自由翻译的原则 C. 逐字翻译的原则 D.神似翻译原则 15. “Chinglish is the most important and difficult problem in translation” is expressed by A. George Steiner B. Sol Adler C. Eugene A. Nida D. Charles R. Taber 二、 词语翻译(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分) (一)将下列词语译成中文(10分) 16. environmental law 17. industrial revolution 18. the gold rush 19. floods and droughts 20. British Association for the Advancement of Science 21. foreign exchange 22. self-reliance 23. infrastructure 24. copyright protection 25. World Cultural Heritage (二)将下列词语译成英语(10分) 26. 国民生产总值 27. 福利工厂 28. 战争与和平 29. 新民主主义 30. 十五世纪初 31. 儿童文学 32. 双边贸易 33. 知识经济 34. 个人所得税 35. 发展中国家 三、 改译题(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分) (一)下列句子的中译文有一个或一个以上错误,请加以改正。(10分) Example: 原文:Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate. 译文:阿德莱德享有地中海气候。 改译:阿德莱德属地中海气候。 36. 原文: Chou arranged for them to join the Berlin Communist group as candidates until their application had been sent to China and an answer received. 译文:周恩来把他们作为候补党员加入党在柏林的支部,直到他们的入党申请书被寄到中国并收到回复。 37. 原文: Brindley’s improvements were practical. 译文:布林德雷的改良是实际的。 38. 原文: The road followed the course of the Nile, now passing through the fields, now drawing a black line separating them from the desert. 译文:公路是顺着尼罗河修筑的,现在穿过庄稼地,现在像是划的一条黑线,这边是庄稼,那边是沙漠。 39. 原文: The people of the United States also have experienced the benefits of world trade. 译文:美国人民也已经经历了国际贸易的好处。 40. 原文: India is a smuggler’s delight. 译文:印度是走私者的快乐。 (二)下列句子的英译文有一个或一个以上错误,请加以改正。(10分) Example: 原文:中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。 译文:At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons. 改译:At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons. 41. 原文: 过去向我们学习的人,现在反而超过了我们,这对我们确实是一种鞭策。 译文:People who had learned from us now excelled us. It was a real challenge. 42. 原文: 本公约须经签字国批准或接受。 译文:This convention should be bound by the ratification or acceptance by the signatory states. 43. 原文: 中国的海域有丰富的海水资源。 译文:China’s seas have rich seawater resources. 44. 原文: 她口角边渐渐地有了笑影,脸上也白胖了。 译文:Little by little smiling appeared at the corner of her mouth, while her face became white and fat. 45. 原文: 罗马是建在七山之上的城市,拥有大小500座教堂。 译文: Rome was located on seven hills with big and small five hundred churches. 四、 段落翻译 (本大题共2小题,每小题15分,共30分) (一)将下列短文译成汉语(15分) 46. A modern wife has now been given the choice of whether or not to stay at home and be a full-time housewife. Thirty years ago it was expected that when a girl got married she automatically stopped working to become a full-time housewife and mother. In the 1990’s, society does not expect that of woman. Women today have the freedom to continue with their careers and the freedom to choose whether or not to have children. Some couples deliberately choose not to have children in favor of pursuing interesting and well-paid careers, while others choose to have children at a much later time. (二)将下列短文译成英语(15分) 47. 单位里有了个钱多事少离家近的工作,领导要求希望得到这一工作的人马上提出申请。有人特意向一贯清高的乌先生传达时,乌先生没听完就溜了。事后他对朋友说:“这种事早就有内定的人选,提出申请,左右都会给领导落下话柄。三十六计,走为上计,走而不战是不算输的。”

课程代码:00794请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上I.用适当的语法形式或词汇填空。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并填在答题纸相应的位置上。(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分) 全国2008年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题1. It is said that the newly-built gymnasium is three miles _______ from here.A. away far B. far away C. far D. away2. I _______ my talk with Tony. Let’s go out for a walk.A. have finished B. had finishedC. finish D. finished3. I am for your proposal that the discussion about future plans _______.A. to be put off B. be put offC. should put off D. was put off4. You will see this product _______ wherever you go in this city.A. advertise B. to be advertisedC. advertised D. advertising5. Jack often complains _______ able to communicate with his parents.A. of being not B. of not beingC. being not D. not being6. We expected many club members would come to the tea party, _______ turned up.A. only a few B. very fewC. but a few D. but few7. The reason _______ the little boy died was lack of medical care.A. why B. becauseC. for D. as8. _______ the drill is, it is very useful in improving your oral English.A. Simple you consider B. You consider simpleC. Simple as you consider D. As simple you consider9. Only when I got there _______ how badly the crops had been damaged.A. did I realize B. I realizedC. then I realized D. then did I realize10. _______ that this small town was exposed to various kinds of dangers.A. In 2003 B. The year of 2003C. It was 2003 D. It was in 200311. Smoking hurts not only the smokers, but also the people around them _______ second-hand smoke.A. because B. because ofC. as D. as of12. To her disappointment, her best friend did not _______ at her birthday party.A. turn over B. turn aroundC. turn up D. turn in13. How I wish I could bring _______my children in an environment close to nature!A. about B. inC. out D. up14. When the fever eventually _______, he is likely to feel tired and weak for a while.A. dies down B. dies outC. loses D. leaves15. She had to _______ after the first round because she sprained her wrist.A. run out B. drop outC. draw out D. come out16. It was Allen who _______ with the bright idea to have a barbecue near the lake.A. went up B. came alongC. went along D. came up17. Humor is a most _______, yet frequently neglected means of handling the difficult situations in our lives.A. affirmative B. affectionateC. efficient D. effective18. Hardly had he arrived at the airport _______ he was told that the flight had been cancelled.A. than B. whenC. before D. then19. The decision _______ how much money should go to education is of vital importance.A. due to B. owing toC. as to D. so as to20. I know she didn’t pass the qualifying exam, but really she is _______ but stupid.A. anything B. nothingC. something D. noneII.认真阅读下面两篇短文,每篇短文后有五个问题。根据短文的内容从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并填在答题纸相应的位置上。(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)Passage 1A mile or so before they reached Oxford, they stopped the car on top of a hill from which they could see the whole of the city spread out before them. The spires and the domes, the college walls and towers looked as peaceful as when they were first built, hundreds of years ago.When they drove down, over the River Thames and into the city centre, they found it was not so peaceful after all! The main streets were packed with traffic: cars, lorries, coaches full of tourists and the bicycles which the students use to get about. But as soon as they had managed to park the car and get away from the roaring traffic, they discovered a completely different world. Narrow cobbled streets which had hardly changed since the Middle Ages ran between the high college walls of grey or yellow stone. Inside the great double gates of each college they found quiet squares of grass, surrounded by the chapel, the library, the dining-hall and the rooms where the students and teachers live. Many colleges had the most beautiful gardens where one could sit and read, talk, work or dream.Most of the students, or undergraduates, wore informal clothes: sports coats, or pullovers, and slacks. But some of them were wearing their black gowns. George explained that they had to wear these when going to lectures or to their weekly meeting with their tutor, or teacher. Tom and Anne were very surprised to see a few young men dressed in formal black suits, with ties, gowns and scholars’ caps. Anne asked whatever they were doing, wearing evening dress in the morning! George laughed and said that this was the official dress for taking examinations, many of which were held in June.In one college, they visited the dining-hall. It was enormous with a high roof held up by great wooden beams with windows of stained glass as in a church, and long heavy tables and benches. At one end was the “High Table”, which is usually reserved for the Head of the college and the teachers. It really was high, raised on a wooden platform above the level of the rest of the hall. An undergraduate may sit at the High Table once on the day when he has passed all his examinations, takes his degrees and becomes a graduate.21. They stopped the car on top of a hill because _______.A. the spires and domes looked peacefulB. they wanted to see OxfordC. they wanted to take a restD. the old college walls looked different22. Before they got away from the roaring traffic, they _______.A. succeeded in parking their carB. found a car parkC. tried to park their carD. failed to park their car23. Most of the undergraduates were wearing _______.A. suits, caps and gowns B. black gownsC. sweaters or sports jackets D. vests and slacks24. George told Tom and Anne students wore black gowns _______.A. only when they were on their way to lecturesB. when meeting with their tutor once a weekC. on their way to the libraryD. when they were in the chapel25. An undergraduate may sit at the High Table on the day he _______.A. receives his degrees B. passes his examsC. takes his exams D. leaves schoolPassage 2An ideal design for a toothbrush has not been invented. Dentists have put forward many different designs over the years and each has its advantages. We all know the problems of trying to clean less accessible areas, where it is difficult to see and space is restricted. In trying to clean the backs of our lower front teeth and our wisdom teeth we have produced toothbrushes with every type of bend in the handles and curve on the surface of the bristles(猪鬃、毛发). Added to this there is the choice of natural bristle or nylon for the heads of the toothbrush.After numerous tests it has been found that there is no difference in effectiveness between the natural and artificial bristle. In fact, dentists are finding more advantages with the nylon toothbrush. Nylon bristle is said to last longer, is more easily cleaned and harbours fewer germs. The individual nylon bristles tend to be more consistent in texture and do not become soft. The bristles, moreover, do not split as is the case with natural bristle.The main advantage of natural bristles appears to be that they are more resilient(有弹性的) when new. Another controversy is the appearance of hard, medium and soft toothbrushes. We are told that certain hard brushes are good for smokers and promote healthy gums. Once again the publicity is misleading, starting with the conception that hardness means a bristle of a tougher substance. This is not so, for a hard toothbrush is one in which the diameter of the bristles is greater, thus making the brush more rigid. This causes problems because the gums are easily injured and the tooth surface is more easily worn away by this type of brush. In fact, too much pressure and the wrong technique with a hard brush can cause much damage to the teeth and gums. As the bristles are thicker, they cannot get into the narrow openings so easily. The only advantage of this type of brush is that it lasts longer. In general, therefore, a hard toothbrush is not recommended unless used with extreme care. It is much more advisable to use a medium or soft bristle toothbrush. They don’t have a very long life, and replacement is necessary as soon as the bristles split or fall out.26. According to the passage, the artificial bristle is _______.A. more effective than the natural oneB. less effective than the natural oneC. just as effective as the natural oneD. firmer and cleaner than the natural one27. Which of the following, according to the passage, is an advantage of the nylon toothbrush?A. The bristles split more easily.B. The bristles are free from germs.C. The bristles always stay firm.D. The bristles last longer.28. A hard brush is _______.A. a brush with hard bristles B. a brush with thick bristlesC. good for smokers D. good for the gums29. The wrong technique with a hard brush means _______.A. the wrong use of brush B. too much pressureC. the wrong sort of brush D. the wrong toothbrush30. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. A hard brush is all right if you use it firmly.B. A medium brush is recommended as the bristles last longer.C. A soft brush will soon need replacing.D. A brush that is a mixture of medium and soft bristles is recommended.III.用国际音标标出下列单词中划线字母或字母组合的读音,并填在答题纸相应的位置上。(本大题共20小题,每小题0.5分,共10分)(注意:考生使用新式或老式音标均可)31.semester 32.unpleasant33.enormous 34.nonsense35.ambulance 36.astonishment37.argument 38.enthusiasm39.circumstance 40.nonetheless41.appearance 42.physically43.loyalty 44.oxygen45.obtainable 46.something47.protein 48.organize49.survival 50.schoolIV.完形填空(将正确答案填在答题纸相应的位置上)(本大题共20小题,每小题0.5分,共10分)A.从下列单词中选择适当的词填空,每个词只能用一次。That until first couldwhich would standing whenin where showing actedWe blacks couldn’t take advantage of things we saw other people doing. If we were in a store 51 and some white people came in, the sales people would stop waiting on us. We 52 have to wait, and we could not interrupt. I remember something 53 happened once in either Loveman’s or Pitzitz, 54 they have drawers with hats. This salesperson was 55 some white people hats. Another white lady began to open the drawers and look at the hats. A black lady 56 there thought that while she was waiting she 57 do the same thing. So she opened the drawers. The saleslady 58 like the woman had committed a crime. She told her, “You don’t go in those drawers. You wait 59 I get to you!” That stayed with me a long time. I was about ten or eleven 60 that happened, and I could not understand it.B.根据课文的内容在每个空白处填入一个恰当的词。I was now five, and still I showed no real sign of intelligence. I showed no apparent interest in things 61 for my toes-more especially those on my left foot. I 62 to lie on my back all the time in the kitchen or, 63 bright warm days, out in the garden, surrounded 64 a family that loved me and hoped for me and 65 made me part of it. I was lonely, imprisoned in a world of my 66 , unable to communicate with others, cut 67 , separated from them as though a glass wall stood 68 my existence and theirs. I longed to run 69 and play with the rest, but I was unable to break 70 from my imprisonment.V.根据所学课文内容完成下列句子,并填在答题纸相应的位置上。(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)71. The day before the art exhibition, Henry managed to get in and ________.72. Mr. Budd was afraid after the Evening Messenger printed the full story of his great idea because ________.73. According to the author of Happiness, many successful people feel miserable because they know they are contributing very little of real value and ________.74. In Freedom in Dying, Jim stated his desire to have his ashes scattered over the sea, which reflected his love of ________.75. Tracy’s liver was transplanted into the author’s husband, David, who ________.76. Samuel H. Scudder was disappointed when his professor asked him to look at the fish because ________.77. Bob Sugg made a living by ________.78. After he finished his work in the restaurant, Sidney Poitier would ________.79. In the United States, a person would be regarded as out of his mind if ________.80. The author in The Outside Chance was able to win the bet on the horse races because ________.VI.将下列句子译成英语,并填在答题纸相应的位置上。(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)81.据说新的方案下周公布。82.杰克终于来了,但还是迟到了5分钟。83.我知道那位老人把大部分钱捐给了穷人。84.无论他怎么努力,他也做不出这道题的答案。85.汤姆睡觉前把玩具收拾好了。86.我在车站闲逛了一个小时,我的朋友还是没来。87.一般而言,年轻人容易接受新思想。88.我们必须采取行动有效处理空气污染问题。89.市政府承诺改进交通系统。90.遭受洪水袭击地区的人民急需食品和水。

自学考试教育心理学真题试卷英语

四川2011年4月教师资格(A)教育学真题及答案。一、单项选择题1.孩子的第一任老师是( B )。A.幼儿老师B.父母C.长辈D.小学一年级老师2.强调“教育即生活”、“学校即社会”、“从做中学”的教育家是( B )。A.陶行知B.杜威C.康德D.马卡连柯3.范例教学认为教学的主体是( A )。A.学生B.教师C.教材D.教学手段4.教师在上新课之前向学生进行有关教学的谈话,这是( B )。A.巩固性谈话B.自发性谈话C.指导性谈话D.接交性谈话5.由家长和其他年长者成员配合学校对孩子不同程度地实施有意识有目的的教育影响称之为( C )。A.校外教育B.配合教育C.家庭教育D.社区教育6.教育方针的核心内容是( D )。A.教育大纲B.教育目标C.培养目标D.教育目的 7.学校课程改革中主要是改革( D )。A.课程设计B.课程制订C.教材编制D.课程设置8.对学生进行思想品德教育,最经常最基本的途径是( A ),A.各门文化课B.思想品德课C.课外活动D.少先队工作9.我国当前教学改革的重心是( B )。A.教学改革和实验B.建立合理的课程结构C.实施素质教育D.个性发展10.广播电视教学相比于课堂教学的优点是( C )。A.能够使用先进的图像呈现方式 B.它同时利用学生的视觉通道和听觉通道C.学生人数多,教学的相对成本较低D.能够及时地接受学生的反馈信息11.体育是进行其它各育的( B )。A.必要条件B.物质基础C.重要保证D.重要手段12.在教育过程中,教师和学生为完成共同的教育任务进行交往而产生的关系,称之为( D )A.社会关系B.人际关系C.教育关系D.师生关系13.人的个性品质的形成主要是通过( A )。A.社会交往B.学校教育C.家庭教育D.自我修养14.教师中心说的主要代表人物是( D )。A.柏拉图B.卢梭C.杜威D.赫尔巴特15.教育学成为一门独立学科,以( B )的《大教学论》的发表为标志。A.赫尔巴特B.夸美纽斯C.凯洛夫D.苏霍姆林斯基16.学生是人,是教育的对象,因而他们( B )。A.消极被动地接受教育B.对外界的教育影响有选择性C.毫无顾及地接受教育D.能动地接受教育17.人民教师职业道德法的核心是( C )。A.热爱学生B.为人师表C.忠诚于人民的教育事业D.团结互助18.最早应用“启发式”进行教学的中外教育家分别是( A )。A.孔子 苏格拉底B.孔子 亚里斯多德C.孟子 柏拉图D.朱喜 苏格拉底19。根据教学大纲的要求,在校内外组织学生进行实际操作,将书本知识运用于实践的方法是( D )。A.练习法B.实验法C.试验法D.实习法20.“罗森塔尔效应”反映了( D )是教师上好课的关键。A.内容正确B.方法恰当C.目的明确D.情感深厚二、概念解释题(每小题4分,共20分)1.角色:可理解为个人在特定社会群体中的身份,及其为身份所规定的行为规范和行为模式的总和。教师角色行为的研究,就是从角色人手,研究教师实际表现的特征和进入多种角色的方法和途径,帮助教师对照基本职能,完善自我。2.课程:就是课堂教学、课外学习以及自学活动的内容纲要和目标体系,是教学和学生各种学习活动的总体规划及其进程。3.教学目标的叙写:在于强调教学活动对学生产生具体的行为改变。即说明学生在教学后能学会什么,其行为表现或改变必须是可观察可测量的,可作为目标是否达成的衡量标准。它必须用学生可判断分析的具体行为来描述,说明教师预期学生行为改变的结果。4.道尔顿制v:教-师.不在上课向学生系统讲授教材,而只为学生分别指定自学参考书、布置叙谈,由学生自学和独立作业,有疑难时才请教师辅导,学生完成一定阶段的学习任务后向教师汇报学习情况和接受考查。5.发扬积极因素、克服消极因素原则:是指进行德育要调动学生自我教育的积极性,依靠和发扬他们自身的积极因素去克服他们品德上的消极因索,实现品德发展内部矛盾的转化。三、简答题(每小题6分,共30分)1.简述教学过程的基本功能。答:(1)传授知识;(2)形成技能;(3)培养职能;(4)发展个性。2.我国课程改革的发展趋势。答:(1)以学生的全面主动发展作为课程目标的基本价值取向;(2)课程设计与编织结构化;(3)课程形式的多样化、个性化和综合化;(4)课程内容上科学教育与人文教育的结合。3.学生作为发展中的人所具有的特点。答:(1)学生具有与成人不同的身心特点;(2)学生具有发展的潜在可能;(3)学生具有获得成人教育关怀的需要。4.简述初中学生心理发展的特点。答:(1)初中学生感知能力和观察能力明显提高; .(2)初中学生记忆力的发展是人生记忆“高峰”的前奏,如教育有方,其记忆力会获得较大的发展;(3)初中学生思维发展的特点是具体形象思维向抽象逻辑思维过度;(4)初中阶段的学生的想象力也加速发展,而且想象中的创造性成分逐步增加;(5)初中生一致行动的目的性、自觉性和独立性不断提高;(6)初中学生的情绪活动表现很强烈。5.简述教学设计的特征。答:教学设计有以下主要特征:(1)教学计划、开发、传递和评价系统化;(2)教学目的建立在对系统环境的分析上;(3)教学目标用可观察的行为术语来描述;(4)对学生的了解是系统成功的重要因素;(5)重点是教学策略的计划和媒体的选择;(6)评价是设计过程的一部分。四、论述题(每小题15分,共30分)1.联系中学生的年龄特征,谈谈当前对中学生的教育应主义的问题。答:中学生的教育应遵循中学生身心发展的特点与规律,坚持面向全体中学生,全面推进素质教育,使学生生动活泼、积极主动、全面地得到发展。(1)学校、社会、家庭应该为中学生的身心发展提供良好的条件;(2)减轻过重的课业负担,生活要有节奏;(3)培养稳定而积极的情绪和情感;(4)进行青春期生理、心理和性道德、法制的教育;(5)重视安全教育,防止意外伤亡事故;(6)加强青少年创新精神和实践能力的培养;(7)重视人生观教育。2.二战后世界教育改革运动后出现了哪些新的教学方法?你是如何理解并运用的?答:自20世纪中叶以来世界范围的教育改革运动中,各种各样新的教学方法不断出现,其中有一些带来了教学实践的显著变化,并且产生了广泛的影响,(1)发现学习;美国教育家布鲁纳提出的教学方法。布鲁纳是结构主义课程的代表人物,他认为学生在课程中应当学习的是基本结构,也就是每门学科最具有根本性的理论知识:基本概念、基本原理、基本法则等。而基本结构是不能简单地通过教师的讲授学习的,要通过学生的发现学习去构造。发现法的具体做法是,教师提出课题和一定的材料,引导学生自己进行分析、综合、抽象、概括等一系列活动,最后得到学习结果。(2)探究—研讨法;探究一研讨法与发现法有密切联系,在实质上也基本一致。这种方法在一些发达国家被普遍应用。探究研讨法没有十分严格的程序,但十分注重利用发展心理学所提供的关于儿童不同认识阶段的特征,由此形成了一些十分突出的特点。(3)纲要信号图式教学法;这是前苏联教师沙塔洛夫在自己30年的教学实践基础上刨立的。所谓纲要信号图式是一种由字母、单词、数字或其他信号组成的直观性很强的图表,是教学辅助根据。它通过各种“信号”提纲挈领、简明扼要地把需要重点掌握的知识表现出来。有时一张图表仅由几个信号组成,有时一张图表可以包括教科书中二三节甚至四五节课的内容。(4)暗示教学法;这是保加利亚医学博士卢扎诺夫创立的教学方法。暗示教学法采取与传统教学法完全相反的做法,上课如同游戏、表演。暗示教学法的基本原理是:广泛利用环境的暗示信息,充分利用人的可暗示性,使理智与感情统一,有意识功能和无意识功能统一,尤其是调动和发掘大脑无意识领域的潜能,使学生在愉快气氛中不知不觉地接受信息。(5)范例教学法;范例教学的主要倡导者是德国著名教育家、教学论专家瓦根舍因和克拉夫斯基,他们提出了若干范例教学的基本理论观点。研究认为,范例的基本特征有三个:基本性、基础性和范例性。(6)非指导教学法。罗杰斯提出的非指导性教学,是由他的“非指导性治疗”演变过来的。根本目的在于,使学生通过自我反省活动及情感体验,在融洽的心理气氛中自由地表现自我、认识自我,最后达到改变自我、实现自我。四川省2011年4月高等教育自学考试教育心理学(A级)试卷一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。1.一般认为,桑代克发表的《教育心理学》标志着教育心理学成为独立的学科,该书出版于【】A.1913年B.1903年C.1923年D.1879年2.皮亚杰认为,7至11岁的儿童认知发展处于【】A.思维准备阶段B.思维阶段C.感觉运动阶段D.抽象思维阶段3.学校教育心理学中最重要、最核心的理论是【】A.智力理论B.动机理论C.学习理论D.认知理论4.提出掌握学习理论的学者是【】A.华生B.布鲁纳C.布鲁姆D.班杜拉5.垂直迁移和水平迁移分类的最初提出者是【】A.加涅B.华生C.布鲁纳D.斯金纳6.迁移的形式训练说的心理学基础是【】A.人本主义B.官能心理学C.行为主义D.认知心理学7.学生对知识的理解可以由低到高分为四种水平,其中最高水平是【】A.解释的理解B.字面理解C.批判性理解D.创造性理解8.智力技能形成的最初阶段是【】A.物质活动与物质化活动B.活动定向C.有声的外部言语D.无声的外部言语9.问题解决的最后一个阶段是【】A.分析问题B.提出假设C.发现问题D.检验假设10.一个人把自己的思想、感情或信念归诸别人或客体的心理现象,叫【】A.认同B.移植C.投射D.回归11.马斯洛的需要层次理论认为,人的最高层次的需要是【】A.生存需要B.归属需要C.尊重需要D.自我实现的需要12.刺激-反应联结学习理论最初的代表人物是【】A.桑代克B.华生C.斯金纳D.布鲁纳13.与求异思维关系最为密切的是【】A.形象思维B.抽象思维C.发散思维D.聚合思维14.教学过程中的测量主要采用的方法是【】A.观察B.测验C.访谈D.实验15.最早提出迁移概念的心理学家是【】A.桑代克B.华生C.布鲁纳D.斯金纳16.提出动机性遗忘理论的心理学家是【】A.弗洛伊德B.罗杰斯C.布鲁纳D.斯金纳17.一般来说,认知风格中场独立性者更感兴趣的学科是【】A.文学B.数学C.历史D.法律18.研究认知风格最著名的心理学家是【】A.西蒙B.威特金C.苛勒D.卡根19.心理学家吉尔福特最早关注【】A.求异思维B.求同思维C.发散思维D.聚合思维20.寻求解决问题的可能方案,提出解决问题的策略,是问题解决的【】A.分析问题阶段B.提出假设阶段C.发现问题阶段D.检验假设阶段 -二、填空题(本大题共15空,每空1分,共15分)请在每小题的空格中填上正确的答案。错填、不填均无分。21.有意义学习的三种类型是_____、______和______。22.布鲁纳认为,儿童认知发展的顺序是从___________到_______到_______。23.根据前后学习的难度差异,可以把迁移分为__________和________。24.布卢姆对教育心理学的两大主要贡献是____________和_________。25.遗忘产生的原因有__________、_______和___________。26.学习动机强弱的标志是______和____________。三、名词解释题(本大题共5小题,每小题3分,共15分)27.比较性组织者28.过度学习29.创造性思维30.学习动机31.直观教学四、简答题(本大题共5小题,每小题6分,共30分)32.简述作为教师学习教育心理学的必要性。33.简述教学中培养学生积极自我意识的方法。34.如何正确处理非正式的学生群体?35.如何科学进行复习,防止遗忘?36.简述人本主义的教学目标。五、论述题(本大题共2小题,每小题10分,共20分)37.结合实际论述良好课堂管理的基本原则。38.结合实际论述教学中如何促进知识的理解。

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