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首页 > 自考本科 > 自考英语本科英语作文补充段落

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一、《英语写作》课程简介 《英语写作》是英语专业本科段一门重要的实践课程,是英语专科阶段英语写作基础的继续。 我认为《英语写作》和《英语写作阶段的》是英语写作的两个层次,即遣词造句和布局谋篇两个层次。前者更多地注重语言形式,以句子、段落为写作核心,后者注重整篇文章的结构合理,脉络清晰,强调整体感。因此《英语写作》学习要特别注意英语篇章结构的把握。《英语写作》重点教授的是如何用英语写好记叙文、描写文、说明文以及议论文等,而其中又以说明文和议论文为中心。 《英语写作》考核重点 《英语写作》的考核目标和出题原则在《考试大纲》中有明确的阐述。根据历年考题看,考核重点有以下三点: 1. 应考生能写出内容充实,具有一定广度和深度的说明文和议论文; 2. 要熟练掌握提纲及提要; 3. 写作速度每小时250-300词。 《英语写作》备考方法 1. 注重过程,勤写多改 2. 布局谋篇,分析范文 3. 广泛阅读,多想善思 《英语写作》不同于其它像《英语词汇学》、《欧洲文化入门》等知识性课程,它是实践性的,技能性的课程。对于英语写作的学习不能像学习知识性课程那样,只记忆知识脉络,就可以了,它需要考生功在平时,勤写多改,锻炼自己英语基本能力;英语写作有自己的规律性。在有限的时间那,要从一些散乱的、突发的、只言片语的想法发展到一篇结构合理,逻辑清晰的文章谈何容易?因此,考生在平时就要注重写作过程的练习,自觉遵从写作的流程。英语写作是要遵循一定的过程的。并不是信手拈来,或是急就章。一般来讲,一篇英语文章的完成,要经过构思,整理,撰写大纲,一稿,二稿,终稿。学生要遵循英语写作流程,才会有长远的进步。只有把握住了写作流程,才会高屋建瓴,从总体上布局谋篇,而不是“只见树木,不见树林”。一些考生写作不打草稿,随性而致,势必会影响作文的质量,这是不可取的。 《英语写作》重视整篇文章的撰写,注意布局谋篇,因此考生要仔细阅读教材相关章节,详细分析范文,把理论和实践相结合,将理论深化,内化为自己的写作指南。能够做到见到文章能抽象出文章的结构,见到题目能理出自己的写作思路,框架和结构。这正是考试撰写大纲和文章写作的考核目的所在。因此,考生们要对英语典型的篇章结构了如指掌,做到心中有数。做题时方能游刃有余。 《英语写作》还需要考生善于把握当下热点问题,并能就此发表个人看法,因此广泛阅读,多想善思会对英语写作大有裨益。考生可以从其它英语课程或是英文报刊等英语资源中汲取好的词汇,语句,结构,甚至是好的观点为我所用。其次,写作和阅读密不可分,相辅相成;考试对补齐段落和撰写大纲的考察都需要较强的阅读能力作为后盾,如果文章理解都出现问题,何来对补齐段落和撰写大纲;对英语写作的结构的了解反过来可以帮助考生提高阅读理解能力,特别是把握文章总体思想的能力。考生若能细心研习,必会大受其益。 二、考试题型及分析 高等教育自学考试《英语写作》考试满分100分,考试时间为150分钟。全部题目用英文做答。其形式相对固定,大题有三项: I. 补充段落 Supplying the missing paragraph (20 points) The following passage is incomplete with one paragraph (introductory; body or conclusive) missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph missing paragraph of about 100 words. Make sure that the tone and vocabulary you use are in unity with the passage provided. II. 撰写大纲 Write an outline (20 points) Read the following passage carefully and compose a “sentence outline” for it. Sometimes the passage is from the textbook. III.文章写作 Composition (60 points) 从考察的内容看,考察的核心是英语的篇章结构,无论是补齐段落还是撰写大纲都不是孤立进行的,补齐的段落要和整篇文章衔接,做到整体如一;撰写的大纲是对篇章结构的直接考察,即考察考生从文章中抽象出结构的能力;文章写作考察整篇文章写作的综合能力。从考试形式上看,既考察学生句子,段落写作能力,也考察篇章写作能力。补齐对话考察段落写作,撰写提纲考察句子写作,文章写作考察篇章写作能力。因此,对《英语写作》的学习要牢牢把握一条红线,那就是要熟悉英语文章的篇章结构。具体的解题技巧我们将在课程讲解后给大家做详细的指导。 三、《英语写作》课程讲解 (一)写作格式要求 (Format) 有一句话,大家可能都知道,叫“文如其人”,英文是“The style is the man himself”。从一个人的行文就能看出他的品德,品性。整洁的文风不仅是对读者的尊重,更是对自己的尊重。这从一个侧面说明了写作格式的重要性,它是写作的“面子”,马虎不的。一些考生认为,作文注重内容,不注重形式。这是一种误解,干净整洁的文章使人耳目一新,急于阅读,使人对作者产生一种办事认真,思路清晰的第一印象。相反,杂乱无章,急就章式的文字使人觉得作者思维混乱,不知所云。设想一下在阅卷时间紧迫,任务繁重的情况下,给阅卷人留下良好的第一印象是多么的重要啊! 另外,严格的写作格式要求是英语写作不可分割的一部分,学习英语写作就必须遵守英语写作的规范,否则就不成其为英语写作。 总体上讲,英语写作格式要给人留下整洁,清晰的印象。具体写作时,要注意以下几点: 1. 页边距(The margins)2. 题目位置:第一行居中。 3. 题目中单词的大小写 (Capitalization in titles) 每个单词的第一个字母要大写,但是下列除外: 冠词,少于四个字母的介词,并列连词如and, or, but, nor, for, to 等。 题目的第一个单词必须大写。 4. 题目中的标点(Punctuation in titles) 题目可以是问句;论文题目,直接引要加引号;书名要用斜体。 5. 段落缩进(The indention of each paragraph) 每段第一行要缩进4-5个字母;练习时,隔行写便于教师批阅。考试时,不必要。标点符号后要空格。 写作格式要求主要是一个习惯养成问题,考生在写作时要多加注意,养成习惯。 (二)撰写大纲的基本要求 撰写大纲是英语写作的重要一步,也是英语写作考试重点考察的内容之一。因此,考生应该给以足够的重视。大纲指的是一篇文章的总体结构。撰写大纲能力的高低反应考生总体把握英语篇章能力的强弱。在《英语写作》考试中,它有两种表现形式:一是根据文章写出其大纲;一是根据题目编写大纲,构思文章。前者是考试直接考察的,既考察大纲的形式也考察其内容。后者是间接考察的,即在文章写作一题中,考生在构思时所用的大纲。它是写好一篇文章的前提和基础。这里我们着重讲解撰写大纲的形式要求,而对如何针对文章撰写大纲的考试技巧和写作过程中的大纲撰写将在后面的章节中加以详细论述。 撰写英语大纲要遵循以下基本原则 1. 部分若含有分项(sub points),则分项不能少于两个。即有“1”必有“2”,有“A”必有“B”,依次类推。处于同一地位的分项要具有同样的重要性,安排要合乎逻辑。分项要用相同的语法结构来表达。 2. 不要将话题大纲(a topic outline)和句子大纲(a sentence outline)相混淆。英语大纲有两种形式:话题大纲和句子大纲。顾名思义,话题大纲由名词短语,动名词短语,不定式短语等构成。句子大纲由完整的句子构成。两者泾渭分明,不得混用。 3. 话题大纲的第一个字母要大写,短语后不必点句号;句子大纲要遵循英语句子的标点规范。但是在序列号中每一个罗马字母,大写字母,阿拉伯数字或是小写字母后要加句号,加了括号后不再加句号。 4. 大纲序列号如下: I. 罗马字母 A. 大写字母 1. 阿拉伯数字 a. 小写字母 1) 带括号的阿拉伯数字 a) 带括号的小写字母 5.大纲实例 话题大纲:(教材P17) I. Kindness to Mum A. Warm language B. Help with housework II. Kindness to children A. My own experience B. His talk to my classmate III. Kindness to our neighbours A. His help of the Wangs 1. Quilts 2. Dinner 3. Consolidation B. His help of the Changs 1. Renting a car for the troubled 2. Borrowing money for them 句子大纲(教材P15) I. Father loves mother most kindly. A. He never hurts Mom with harsh words B. He tries his best to help Mom with the homework. II. Father reasons with us children when we do things wrong. A. He reasoned with me when I took his favorite record of music out to show off and damaged it B. He reasoned with my classmate Hong when we quarreled. III. Father kept helping our neighbors out of trouble. A. He helped the Wangs when their house caught fire. 1. He gave them our new quilts. 2. He invited them to eat in our home. 3. He comforted them. B. He helped the Changs when their baby was terribly ill. 1. He stopped a car and went to the hospital with the baby and mother. 2. He borrowed money from friends to cover the hospital expenses.

218 评论

公山虚1

The global temperature is getting higher in the recent years because of the excess Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere. There are couple reasons that might cause the increase of Carbon Dioxide.Firstly, there are too much power generation using the fuel such as coal and oil with produce quite a lot gases. It might be a better way to use the renewable resource such as solor energy and wind energy for electric generating.Secondly, vehicle which use gasolin engines is another way where the Carbon Dioxide comes from.So it is strongly recommended for people to take public transportation or ride bike instead of driving.Finally, the growth of industry tend the increase of temperature. Industry is developing quite fast in the recent year, however, more and more polluted air is emited to the air because of the fast development. So this would be a considerable issure for the factory in the future.In word, environment is important to any of us and we do have the responsibility to take good care of it. 楼上的有按提纲写吗?题目都没看。。。

267 评论

应该勇敢

一、注意审题小作文的审题(即审读材料)很重要,决定着文章的成败.因为一个小作文的材料中,往往隐含了若干个写作要求,如不细心审读,抓不到这些隐含的要求,就很容易出现错误。二、注意语言的简洁这一点体现在两方面.其一,小作文字数一般是100┄300字,受篇幅限制,语言要求简洁明了.其二,如果是写应用文,则语言也一定要简洁,因为语言简洁是应用文写作的最基本要求.三、力求结构完整小作文是片断性作文,而非篇章.虽如此,但不能一味忽略结构的完整性.一篇小作文如果能够做到结构完整,则效果会更好。四、注意表达方式的运用受文体的制约,一篇文章总以某种表达方式为主,同时兼用其他表达方式为主.小作文也应注意这一点.如江西省2002年中考语文小作文题为二选一,(1)通过某一情景或场面,描写你最喜欢的色彩.(2)就你最喜欢的色彩,发表议论.无论选哪一题,或描写、或议论,总得以一种表达方式为主.但如果能兼用其他表达方式,如兼用议论和抒情,表达自己对某种色彩的某中看法和喜爱之情,则能使短文大为增色.

197 评论

非飞卖品

这科有那么难吗?我都没看书就过了。

287 评论

奔向八年

My FatherThere is always a brilliant image living in my heart. That is my dear father. Seen through the eyes of many other people, father seems to be a very ordinary person. But he is quite extraordinary in my eyes, I have never lost my wonder at his good-personalities such as diligence, devotion, care, optimism ever since my childhood.Being a farmer, father works very hard in the fields all the year round. He works from dawn till dusk every day and even till midnight when it is the harvest season. He seldom enjoys leisure with other farmers even if the farm work is not much. He chooses to live a busy life with reluctance to stop for a while.Father devotes all himself to our family. As we are poor, he always tries his best to support our family and afford the tuitions for my brother and me. For the whole family, for brother and me, he never stops working laboriously in the fields throughout the year. Now he has got a wrinkled face and white hair because of excessive hard work, looking much older and weaker than any other person of his age. In spite of all this, father never complains to us. It is his full devotion that we’re living a better life now. It is his full devotion that both my brother and I are able to study at college.Father shows much care to us children and my mother as well. Whenever there is any delicious food on the table, he just leaves it to us while he takes the simple one himself. If my brother and I fall ill, he will not hesitate a moment to get some medicine for us or take us to see the doctor. My mother suffers a bad disease. Father looks after her very carefully. He never lets mother do any heavy work both at home and in the field. Mother appreciates him m much that she often praises him as a model husband before others.Father is a person full of optimism. He never complains about our poor life. He is never frustrated by trouble. He often tells us that everything will be all right if we have enough confidence in life. Due to his optimism, we are all confident to face our life and work.We all think that father is not in the least an ordinary man. He plays an extraordinary role in my family. We can’t have anything without him. Now I’m pursuing further studies at college far away from father. I miss him very much. And I often see him in my dreams. His great image is deeply carved in my mind.参考于自考英语作文

282 评论

风吹萧萧

Many people believe that human activity is causing the earth’s temperature to rise. They say that this global warming will have dreadful consequences for our environment, such as drought and flooding. m What should governments do to help prevent global warming? Give reasons for your suggestions. The earth’s temperature is rapidly changing. As a result there has been a lot of climate change such as heat waves, droughts and floods. Scientists believe that this is the result of human activity, which is polluting the Earth’s atmosphere. This could become a disaster if governments do not act to help prevent global warming. They can act in three ways; by supporting research, by making laws and by keeping the general public informed. Firstly, governments can support research. For example, they should encourage companies to develop vehicles that cause less pollution. They should also support alternative sources of electricity from wind and water rather than from oil and coal. As well, they should sponsor conferences to discuss the effects of greenhouse gas emissions and possible solutions to the problem. copyright joozone Secondly, they should make laws that limit the amount of greenhouse gases that companies can emit. Private companies should be rewarded for following these laws. They should also be punished for creating pollution.Finally, everybody is affected by global warming. Therefore, it is important that governments involve individuals in the problem solving process. For example they should encourage households to save as much energy as possible by using more efficient light bulbs or less hot water. They should also encourage the public to recycle, and this should be compulsory for everyone. Another way of saving energy is by public transport systems. Governments should spend money on public transport to make it as easy as possible for the public to save energy. In summary, it is clear that there are a lot of things that governments can do to prevent global warming. They should involve companies, support scientists and encourage individuals to protect the planet.译文: 许多人认为人类活动是造成地球温度升高。他们说,这种全球变暖将有可怕的后果,我们的环境,如干旱和洪水。米 政府应当做些什么,以帮助防止全球变暖?给你的建议的理由。 地球的温度正在迅速发生变化。因此出现了诸如热浪,干旱和洪水的气候变化很多。科学家认为,这是人类活动的结果,这是污染地球的大气层。这可能成为一场灾难,如果政府不采取行动,以帮助防止全球变暖。他们可以在三个方面采取行动,以支持研究和制订法律以使广大市民了解有关情况。 首先,政府可以支持研究。例如,他们应鼓励企业开发的车辆造成的污染。他们也应该支持,而不是替代石油和煤炭的电力来自风能和水的来源。另外,他们应该赞助会议,讨论温室气体排放和解决问题的可能的解决办法的影响。其次,他们应该制定法律,限制温室气体排放量,公司可以。民营企业应该遵循这些法律的奖励。他们也应受到惩罚造成污染。 最后,大家都受全球气候变暖。因此,重要的是,政府在解决过程中涉及个人的问题。例如,他们应该鼓励家庭尽可能多的能源节约使用更高效的灯泡或以下热水。他们还应该鼓励市民回收,这应该是每个人义务教育。节能的另一个途径是由公共交通系统。各国政府应动用公共资金,使交通尽可能容易为市民节省能源。 总之,很显然,有一些事情政府可以做很多,以防止全球变暖。他们应包括公司,支持科学家和鼓励个人,以保护地球。

348 评论

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