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dreamjennie

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自考本科英语二非常重要的考试科目,学习英语最重要的是背单词,背语法。下位小编为大家整理了50个自考英语二的高频知识点,考生可以参考。自考英语二语法知识点整理一、动词短语搭配1. be fond of “喜爱,爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式[1] He's fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。[2] Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗?[3] He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。2. hunt for = look for 寻找 hunt for a job 找工作3. in order to/so as to两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语, in order to可放于句首, so as to则不能, 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to.[1] He went to Beijing in order to/so as to attend an important meeting.[2] In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他, 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。4. care about[1] 喜欢,对……有兴趣 = care forShe doesn't care about money.她不喜欢钱。[2] 关心 = care forShe thinks only of herself. She doesn't care about other people. 她只考虑自己。不关心别人。[3] 在乎,在意(接从句或不接任何成分)These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。5. such as 意为“诸如……”,“像……”,是用来列举人或事物的。She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry. 她教三门科目,像物理、化学。6. drop a line 留下便条, 写封短信7. make yourself at home 别客气;随便;无拘束If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 如果你在我之前到我家,自己喝点饮料,随便一点。8. stay up 不睡;熬夜[1] I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我将回家很晚,不要等我了。[2] He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。9. come about 引起;发生;产生[1] How did the accident come about?这场事故是怎么发生的?[2] They didn't know how the change had come about.他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。10. except for 除……之外[1] except 与 except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如:①He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最后一个,他回答了所有问题。②We go there everyday except Sunday.除了星期天,我们天天去那里。[2] except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如:①Except for oneold lady, the bus was empty.除去一个老太太,这辆公共汽车全空了。②Your picture isgood except for the colours.你的画儿很好,只是某些色彩有问题。[3] 但在现代英语中,except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一个例子可以是:He answered all the questions except for the last one.[4] 另外,在介词短语之前只能用except,不能用except for。We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏季,我们通常十点之前上床睡觉。11. end up with 以……告终;以……结束The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌结束。12. more or less 几乎;差不多;大约;大概;大体上[1] I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.我差不多成功了,而他们没有。[2] Our living condition has more or less improved.我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。13. bring in 引进;引来;吸收[1] We should bring in new technology.我们应该引进新技术。[2] He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一个月挣八百美元。14. get away(from) 逃离[1] The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。[2] I caught a really big fish but it got away.我钓到了一条好大的鱼,可是它逃掉了。15. watch out (for)注意;留心[1] Watch out! There is a car coming.小心!汽车来了。[2] Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那个坑。16. see sb. off 给某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火车站给朋友送行。17. on the other hand 另一方面; 用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等,常说 on the one hand …… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面。I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.我知道这份工作报酬不高,但从另一方面来说,我也不必工作太长时间。18. as well as 和/还 , He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。19. take place 发生 take one's place 入座、站好位置、取得地位take sb's place 或 take the place of 代替、取代20. on fire 相当于burning, 意为“燃烧;着火;起火”,有静态的含意。catch fire有动态的含意。set…on fire/set fire to…用来表示“使……着火”、“放火烧……”。Look, the theatre is on fire! Let's go and help.瞧,剧院着火了,咱们去帮忙救火吧。21. on holiday 在度假,在休假中 When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。22. travel agency旅行社=travel bureau23. take off[1] 脱下(衣服等), 解(除)掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋子。[2] (飞机)起飞 The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。[3] 匆匆离开 The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车,匆匆离开去公园。24. go wrong v. 走错路, 误入岐途, (机器等)发生故障25. in all adv. 总共26. stay away v.外出27. look up 查询(如宾语为代词,则代词放中间) Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典里查单词。相关词组:①look for 寻找;②look after照顾,照料;③look forward to期待;④look into调查;⑤look on旁观;⑥look out注意;⑦look out for注意,留心,提防;⑧look over翻阅,查看,检查;⑨look around环视;⑩look through翻阅,查看。28. run after 追逐,追求 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子,你一只也抓不到。29. on the air 广播[1] We will be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟以后开始广播。[2] This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出。30. think highly/well/much of对……评价很高, 赞赏, 对……印象好;think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……认为不好, 对……不在意, 不赞成, 觉得……不怎么样[1] He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他非常赞赏。[2] I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。[3] I don't think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样。31. leave out[1] 漏掉 You made a mistake—You've left out a letter “t”。你出错了—你漏掉了一个字母t.[2] 删掉, 没用 I haven't changed or left out athing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西。32. stare at (由于好奇、激动等张着嘴巴,睁大眼睛地)[1] 凝视,盯着看 Don't stare at foreigners. It's impolite.不要盯着外国人看,这样不礼貌。[2] glare at (to stare angrily at)怒视着33. make jokes about 就……说笑 They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我。[1] have a joke with … about…跟某人开关于某事的玩笑He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来跟我开玩笑。[2] play a joke on…开某人的玩笑 We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。[3] v. joke about 取笑They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我蹩脚的英。34. take over 接管;接替;继承[1] What is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。[2] Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job)。我们的主席走了,因此杰克将接管(他的工作)。35. break down[1] 破坏;拆散 ①Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。 ②The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)据说和谈破裂了。[2](机器)损坏 ①Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。 ②The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。[3] 失败;破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。[4] 精神崩溃;失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。[5] 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化。36. get on one's feet[1] 站起来;站起来发言[2] (=stand on one's feet)自立, 经济上独立[3] (人)病好了, 可以起床了; (使)恢复, 复苏(指企业)37. go through[1] 经历;经受;遭到 These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。[2] 完成;做完I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大学。[3] 通过;批准 ①The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项法案。②Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。[4] 全面检查;搜查 They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。38.take over 接管;接替;继承①what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。②Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over (his job)。我们的主席走了,因此杰克将接管(他的工作)。二、常考句型39. “So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的,“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句,则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。[1] He's tired, and so am I. (=I' m also tired.)[2] You can swim,and so can I.(=I can also swim.)She has had supper,and so can I.(=I've had lunch,too.)[3] Tom speaks English,and so does his sister.(=His sister speaks English,too.)A: I went to the park yesterday.B: So did I.(=I also went to the park yesterday.)40.“So +主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序,so相当于indeed,certainly, 表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实,语气较强,意思是“确实如此”。A:It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。B:So it was.的确如此。(=Yes,it was.)A:You seem to like sports.B:So I do.(=Yes,I do.)A:It will be fine tomorrow.B:So it will.(=Yes ,it will.)41.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事,以免重复。My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I handed inmy composition on time.) 语文老师叫我按时交作文, 我照办了。42. So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……(的情况)也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时,要表示相同情况,必须使用本句型,不能使用so 引起的倒装句。She doesn't play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.43. There you are. 行了,好。 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。[1] There you are! Then let's have some coffee.除此之外,还可以表示“瞧,对吧(果然如此)”的语气。[2] There you are! I knew we should find it at last.对吧!我就知道我们最终能找到的。44. have some difficulty (in) doing sth. 干某事有困难;接名词时,常用句型:have some difficulty with sth.[1] Do you have any difficulty (in) understanding English?你理解英语口语有困难吗?[2] She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她说她在发音方面有困难。45. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”,“对……有某种程度的了解”[1] He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所了解。[2] A good knowledge of languages is always useful.三、长难句46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生,很有趣。[1] fun “好玩,趣事”,不可数名词,前面不加不定冠词aYou're sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。[2] make fun of“取笑”,“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。funny adj. “可笑的,滑稽的”He looks very funny in his father's jacket.他穿着他父亲的衣服,看上去很滑稽。47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型,其中to finish eating everything 是主语,it是形式主语。四、常考语法48. 直接引语和间接引语[1] 直接引语在改为间接引语时,时态需要做相应的调整。(一般过去时改成过去完成时)I broke your CD player.→He told me he had broken my CD player.(现在完成时改成过去完成时)Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”→Jenny said she had lost a book.(一般将来时改成过去将来时)Mum said, “I'll go to see a friend.”→Mum said she would go to see a friend.(过去完成时保留原有的时态)He said, “We hadn't finished our homework.”→He said they hadn't finished their homework.注意:直接引语是客观真理,过去进行时,时态不变。[2] 在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如:Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”→Mary said her brother was and engineer.[3] 直接引语如果是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如:He said, “Can you run, Mike?”→He asked Mike whether/if he could run.[4] 直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等) (not) to do sth.”句型。如:“Pass me the water, please.”said he.→He asked him to pass her the water.[5] 直接引语如果是以“Let's”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如:She said, “Let's go to the cinema.”→She suggested going to the cinema.或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.49. 现在进行时表将来的动作现在进行时表将来的动作,谓语通常为瞬间动词。如:come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。[1] 用现在进行时表示将来,指的是近期的,按计划或安排要发生的动作。[2] 现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于:前者通常用瞬间动词(有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如:do)如:go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。① The train is arriving soon. 火车就要进站了。② He is reading a novel. 他在看小说。[3] 用现在进行时表示将来的时间,在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。[4] 现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于:前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的,而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情,因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。① What are you doing next Friday?下星期五你们打算干什么?② The plane takes off at 7:30 tonight.飞机今晚七点半起飞。50. 主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like 等,谓语动词仍用单数。The teacher as well as his students is excited.报考考试有疑问、不知道如何考点内容、不清楚报考考试当地政策,点击底部咨询猎考网,免费获取个人学历提升方案:

359 评论

漫游的Alice

自考本科学位英语考试重点是什么? 一、词汇 词汇掌握本考试大纲所规定的英语词汇、常用词组、常用词缀,并在阅读、写作等过程中具有相应的应用能力,即: 1.领会式掌握4400个单词和550个常用词组; 2.复用式掌握2000个左右的常用单词和搭配以及200个左右的常用词组; 3.掌握一定数量的常用词缀,并能根据构词法和语境识别常见的派生词。 二、语法 掌握英语的基本语法结构和常用句型,能正确理解、运用这些句型和结构写成的句子。需要掌握的具体内容如下: 1.名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法; 2.动词的基本时态、语态的构成及其用法; 3.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法; 4.常用连接词、冠词的词义及其用法; 5.非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)的构成及其用法; 6.虚拟语气的构成及其用法; 7.各类从句的构成及其用法; 8.基本句型的结构及其用法; 9.强调句型的结构及其用法; 10.常用倒装句的结构及其用法 自考英语的复习方法: 1、网上下载历年试卷和考试大纲,把答案在教材书上找出来。因为自考试题是从题库中出来的,往往会反复考到,只要把这些题目都背下来,一般及格没有问题。 2、根据大纲复习,要求识记和掌握的重点背下来,就可以有好的成绩。 3、考试时,要把名词解释当简答题回答,凡是能记住的内容只要卷面允许,都写上去。 4、自考的题目范围广,但难度不大,所以要记住的内容比较多。自考/成考有疑问、不知道如何总结自考/成考考点内容、不清楚自考/成考报名当地政策,点击底部咨询官网,免费领取复习资料:

233 评论

新羊年新气象

Unit21(第62讲—第64讲) 18. systematically adv. 有系统地;有计划地 systematic adj. 有系统的,有条理的 1) They did everything systematically. (他们有条不紊地做了一切。) 2) Do you have a systematic plan for the project? (对于这项工程你们有系统计划吗?) 3) These skills are developed in a systematic way. (这些技能是有计划地发展的。) 本课简介 本文作者指出生活中有许多不确定的事物,这种种的不确定支配着我们的语言。我们的日常话语中很多probably,many,soon,great,little一类的词。不确定的语言主要有三类。一是如probably,possibly,surely一类词,代表了一种主观的可能,是可定量的。二是如many,often,soon一类词,这类词虽可定量,但他们表示的是一个知之不确的数量。三是如fat,rich,drunk一类词,这类词不可能转化为任何可接受的数目,因为不同的人赋予它们不同的价值观。 在特定的上下文中,这些词是有什么意义?与使用者的年龄有何关联?作者告诉我们三个实验结果。一,数量取决于所涉及的事物;二,所涉及的事物总量的大小会影响到一种说法被赋予的数值。三,年龄的影响极为明显。 本课主要语言点 1. Uncertainty spreads through our lives so thoroughly that it dominates our language. 动词spread的过去式和过去分词与动词原形是一样的。本句中的spread意思是becomes known or shared by more and more people (散布),如: 1) News of the air crash spread quickly. (飞机坠毁的消息很快传播开了。) 2) He is making a lecture tour to spread his political influence. (他在作巡回演讲以扩大自己的政治影响。) 3) People seem to love spreading gossip. (人们似乎爱传闲话。) spread这个词还可以做名词用,再请看几个例子,注意spread的意思和词类: 1)A scene of property spreads out before us. (一幅欣欣向荣的景象展现在我们面前。) 2) The spread of education benefits many girls. (教育的普及使许多女孩得益。) 3)He was spreading peanut butter on bread. (他正往面包上涂花生酱。) 4) Many people died as a result of the spread of fire. (火势蔓延致使多人丧生。) 5)You many consider spreading the work load. (你可以考虑把工作分摊一下。) lives是life的复数形式。life做可数名词用时,意思是“生命”,“一生,寿命”,如: 1)He nearly lost his life. (他几乎送了命。) 2) Fourteen children lost their lives in the fire. (十四个孩子在火中丧生。) 3) People spend their lives worrying about wealth and health. (人们一生都在为金钱和健康担忧。) 2. Our everyday speech is made up in large part of words… in part意为“在某种程度上;部分地”;in large part则表示“很大部分”,如: 1) Some forms of mental illness are caused in part by lack of communication. (有些形式的精神疾病部分是由于缺少交流引起的。) 2) The driver should in large part be responsible for the accident. (司机应为这起事故负大部分责任。) Be made up of 意思是“由…组成”,如: 1) The medical team is made up of 4 doctors and 2 nurses. (那个医疗队由4名医生和2名护士组成。) 2) His class is made up of 50 students. (他的班级由50名学生组成。) 3. Atomic war is likely to destroy forever the nation that wages it. 在前面我们已多次碰到be likely to, 我们提到过be likely的主语可以是it,也可以是其他名词,如: 1) It is likely that he will be here in 30 minutes. (他过30分钟可能会到这儿。) 2) The disease is likely to spread. (这种疾病可能会传播。) It is likely that the disease will spread. forever是副词,意思是for good, completely (永远地),如: They will vanish forever into the twilight. (他们将永远消失在黄昏里。) forever与进行时态连用,表示“老是,不断”,如: 1)She is forever asking to borrow something. (她没完没了地向人借东西。) 2) The teacher was forever spotting trivial errors in their calculations. (老师总是在他们的计算中发现错误。) that wages it是定语从句,修饰nation.Wage在本句中用作动词,意思是start(发起,开展),如:They waged a campaign against nuclear tests. (他们开展了反核试验运动。) 4. Lacking any standard for estimating the probability, we are left with the judgment of the editorial writer. 句中的lack 是一个及物动词,意思是“缺乏”,lack也可用作不及物动词和名词,请看下面的例句,注意lack的用法。 1)He wasn't a stern man, in spite of his lack of humor. (尽管他缺少幽默感,但他不是一个苛刻的人。) 2) Lack of funding is making our job more difficult. (资金短缺使我们的工作更加困难。) 3) There was no lack of hands. (人手并不缺。) 4) He is lacking in responsibility. (他不够负责。) 5) Your statement lacks detail. (你的叙述不够详尽具体。) leave sth. with sb. 意思是“把…留给某人”,如: 1) Leave your telephone number with the secretary. (把你的电话号码留给秘书。) 2) He left his bicycle with his brother when he went on holiday. (他去度假时,把自行车放在他弟弟那儿。) 5. Indeed, it has a value just because it allows us to express judgments when a precise quantitative statement is out of the question. allow sb. to do sth. 意思是“允许某人做某事”,如: 1)They were allowed to stay there longer. (他们被允许在那儿时间呆长点。) 2) He allowed me to take two books. (他允许我拿两本书。) 请注意区别out of the question和out of question: out of the question意为“不可能的”,“办不到的”。如: 1) I haven't finished my homework yet, going shopping now is out of the question.(我还没做完作业,现在去购物是不可能的。) 2) Going swimming at this time of the year is out of the question. (一年中这个时候游泳是不可能的。) out of question意为“毫无疑问”。如: 1)Getting some help from her is out of question. (得到她的帮助不成问题。) 2)It is out of question to get the job. (得到那份工作没问题。) 6. …which are also quantifiable but denote not so much a condition of certainty as a quantity imprecisely known; not so much…as…意思是“与其说…不如说…”。如: 1)He is not so much a reporter as a writer. (与其说他是一个记者,还不如说他是个作家。) 2)His achievement was made not so much because of luck as because of hard work.(他取得的成就与其说是由于运气,不如说是由于努力。) 7. …which can not be reduced to any accepted number because they are given different values by different people. reduce的意思是make sth. smaller in size or amount or less in degree (减少,减轻),如: 1) They have promised to reduce the cost. (他们已经答应降低成本。) 2)The workforce would have to be reduced by 50%. (劳动力将减少百分之五十。) reduce sb. to a particular state指处于(某种状态);使艰难(处境),用被动语态时,表示“迫使”。如: 1) He was reduced to begging in the old days. (在旧社会他被逼得讨饭。) 2) The old lady was reduced to despair. (老太太陷入了绝望。) 在课文中的这个句子里,be reduced to意思是“使化为,使变为”,如: 1) This kind of analysis reduce the problem to its simplest form. (这种分析方法使问题变得最为简单。) 2) He had always wanted to reduce his thoughts to writing. (他一直想把自己的思想变成文字。) 8. We have been trying to pin down by experiments what people mean by these expressions in specific contexts,… pin作名词用时指“别针,大头针”,如a safety pin (安全别针);作动词用时指“别住”:“使不能行动”,pin down的意思是“准确说明”,“牵制”。如: 1) He pinned a badge on his jacket. (他在外套上别了一枚徽章。) 2) She pinned the papers together before giving them to the manager. (把文件给经理前,她用针把它们别好。) 3) They pinned him down to a promise. (他们迫使他履行诺言。) 4) We are trying to pin down his speech. (我们正努力准确说明他的讲话。) 两个by在句中都是介词,表示“靠,用,通过”,如: 1) What do you mean by that? (你这样讲是什么意思?) 2) He put the young man in an awkward situation by asking him some personal questions.(他通过问一些私人性问题使那个年轻人陷入尴尬。) 9. …we find that the number depends of course on the items involved. …the size of the population of items influences the value assigned to an expression. 上面两句中的过去分词involved和assigned其前都省去了that (which) are (is),做定语修饰items和value. 本课主要短语 1. be made up of 2. in part 3. be likely to 4. be left with 5. allow sb. to do sth. 6. out of the question 7. not so much…as… 8. be reduced to 9. pin down 10. compare with 11. be certain to 12. in place of Text B it never rains but it pours! 谚语 1. There is no smoke without fire. 2. Don't wash your dirty linen in the public. 3. It's no use crying over spilt milk. 4. Make the best out of a bad job. 5. It never rains but it pours. 6. Every dog is allowed one bite. 7. One man's meat is another man's poison. 8. Let sleeping dogs lie. 9. He who rides a tiger is afraid to dismount. 10. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 11. There is no such thing as a free lunch. 短语表达 1. relevance to / be relevant to What he said had no relevance to the present question. They could not forward any relevant proof. 2. believe in I believe him but I don't believe in him. He believes in Christianity. 3. pass on to Would you please pass this message on to Xiao Li? Thank you for passing the news on to me. 4. in the form of He showed his appreciation to her in the form of a letter of hanks. They gave the children a lot of help in the form of books. 5. a reminder of This proverb can be used as a reminder of the correct way to behave. This picture is a reminder of my past. 6. in times of They are said to be more intelligent in times of difficulties. This could be a comfort in times of trouble. 7. be native to Rice is believed to be native to China. This saying is native to the American Indians. 8. go wrong When anything goes wrong with his car he will hasten to his auto repairman. I don't know what has gone wrong with my computer. 9. be based on His comments are based on facts. This film is based on the life story of a general. 10. date back to This invention can be dated back to the Han Dynasty. This old law dated back to the 17th century. 11. pay compensation to The insurance company would pay compensation to the victims. The supermarket refused to pay any compensation to the customer. 12. be harmful to Excessive smoking is harmful to your health. TV violence is harmful to children. 13. come into contact with China came into more contact with the outside world in the late 1980s. We learned more as we came into contact with them. 14. borrow from He borrowed a lot of money from his friends. Some of the English words are borrowed from other languages. 15. start on He started on his journey last week. You have to get well prepared if you want to start on a dangerous enterprise. 16. in return They gave you so much help, what are you going to do in return? I didn't expect any favor from you in return. 17. be reluctant to He is reluctant to make any comment on this issue. The boy was reluctant to tell his father the truth.

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