英汉互译自考本科试题答案及解析

考生注意：1. 答案必须写在答卷上，写在问卷上无效。2. 考试时间150分钟。I. Multiple Choices (20 points, 2 points for each)1. It is not surprising, then, that the world saw a return to a floating exchange rate system. Central banks were no longer required to support their own currencies.A. 在这种情况下，世界各国又恢复浮动汇率就不足为奇了。各国中央银行也就无须维持本币的汇价了。B. 不足为奇，全世界看到了汇率的回归，因此各国中央银行无需维持本币的汇价了。C. 此时此刻，世界各国又恢复了移动的交换比率，因此各国中央银行无需维持本币汇价。D. 在这种情况下，全世界又恢复了浮动交换率，这已不足为奇了，因此各国中央银行也就无需维持本币价格了。2．Assuming the laboratory tests go well, and you can quote us a competitive price, we would certainly be able to place more substantial orders on a regular basis.A. 假定实验室检验顺利，并且你的报价有竞争力，我们会大量向贵公司订货的。B. 若实验室检验合格，且你们给我们的报价具有竞争力，我们一定会定期大量订货的。C. 若实验室检验良好，且你们给出的报价具有竞争性，我们一定会定期定量订货的。D. 假定实验室发展良好，且你们的报价具有竞争力，我们一定会大量定期订货的。3．Chinese researchers have made a breakthrough in developing new materials for nickel-hydrogen batteries used in low temperatures, Inhaul reported.A. 中国研究者已经在开发新材料用于低温下使用的镍氢电池方面有了突破，据新华社报道。B. 新华社报道，中国科学家在从事新材料制造低温镍氢电池方面有了突破。C. 新华社报道，中国研究人员在开发利用新材料制造在低温下使用的镍氢电池方面已有了突破。D. 中国研究者在开发新材料制造低温镍氢电池有了重大突破，这是新华社报道的。4. Since the initiation of economic reforms in the late 1970s, China has achieved impressive economic growth coupled with significant structural transformation.A. 自从20世纪70年代末中国的经济改革以来，获得了很大的经济增长，并转变了经济结构。B. 20世纪70年代中国首创经济体制改革，取得了巨大经济增长和结构调整。C. 中国自从20世纪70年代末开始经济改革以来，经济增长显而易见，结构调整也日新月异。D. 中国自从20世纪70年代末开始经济改革以来，已取得了令人瞩目的经济增长和重大的结构转变。5．The financial information provided by an accounting system is needed by managerial decision makers to help them plan and control the activities of the economic entity.A. 会计系统提供的金融信息对于帮助管理层决策人员制定计划和控制该经济实体的活动而言是不可或缺的。B. 金融信息是由会计系统提供，它对于管理决策者是必须的，能制订计划和提供经济活动。C. 会计系统提供的金融信息对于帮助管理决策者计划和控制经济部门非常重要。D. 金融信息由会计师提供，对于管理部门制定计划和控制经济部门非常重要。6．Unemployment in America (as of mid-1990) was running near 5.25 percent .That is somewhat higher than used to be considered full employment, but it is not a serious figure in the aggregate.A. 失业在美国达5.25%，比以前认为的高一些，但问题不严重，虽没有充分就业。B. 1990年年中美国的失业率近5.25%。按以往的标准，这个比例偏高，没有达到充分就业。但就整体来说问题并不严重。C. 失业率在美国达5.25%，超出历届比率，但整体不严重。D. 1990年年中美国失业高达5.25%。比过去计划的比例高。没有达到充分就业。但这并不严重。7. Nations will usually produce and export those goods in which they have the greatest comparative advantage, and import those items in which they have the least comparative advantage.A. 国家将通常生产和出口那些产品，他们最有竞争力的，进口那些最无竞争力的产品。B. 国家通常生产出口最有竞争力产品，进口最无力竞争产品。C. 各国通常都生产和出口那些他们最具有比较优势的产品，而进口那些他们最不具备比较优势的产品。D. 各国将总是生产和出口那些最有竞争力产品，而往往进口最无力竞争产品。8．This contract is made by and between the buyers and the sellers, whereby the buyers agree to buy and the sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below.A. 本合同是在买方和卖方之间订立的，买方愿意买，卖方愿意卖，他们同意订立以下规定的条款。B. 这个合同是被买方和买方即它们之间订立的，买卖双方同意照下列条款订立合同内容。C. 本合同由买卖双方共同订立，并按照下列条款设定内容及买卖商品。D. 本合同由买卖双方订立，因此买卖双方同意按照下面规定的条款购买以下商品。 9．Multinational bank’s services include issuing letter of credit, buying and selling foreign exchange, issuing banker’s acceptances, accepting Eurocurrency deposits, making Eurocurrency loans, and assisting in the marketing of Eurobonds.A. 跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证、买卖外汇、开证行承兑、接受欧洲货币储存、提供欧洲货币贷款以及发行推销欧洲货币债券。B. 跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证、买卖外汇、开立银行承兑、接受欧洲货币储存、提供欧洲货币贷款以及发行欧洲货币债券。C. 跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证、买卖外币、开立银行承兑、接受欧洲各国存款、提供贷款及援助债券。D. 跨国银行提供的服务如下：开立信用证、买卖外币、开立银行承兑、接受欧洲货币存储、提供欧洲货币贷款以及发行推销欧洲货币债券。10．Lucas film, for example, receives a percentage of the sales made by companies marketing Star War, thus Lucas film’s revenues increase with each additional toy that Parker Kenner’s sells in the United Kingdom.A. 举例来说，卢卡斯制片公司承担了影片《星球大战》的部分销售任务。因此该公司在英国的代理帕克肯勒公司每销售出一部拷贝，就能使该公司的收益增加。B. 举例来说，卢卡斯制片公司通过其他公司推销《星球大战》的拷贝从销售额中按一定比例抽成，这样帕克肯勒公司在英国每销售一部拷贝就能使卢卡斯公司增加收入。C. 举例来说，卢卡斯制片公司通过比例抽成的办法让其他公司推销《星球大战》，这样帕克肯勒公司在英国每卖一部盗版牒就能使卢卡斯公司受益。D. 举例来说，卢卡斯电影公司通过其他公司推销《星球大战》的拷贝从销售额中抽成获益，这样帕克肯勒公司在英国每售出一部拷贝就能使卢卡斯公司增加收入.Ⅱ. Phrase Translation from English to Chinese (20 points, 1 point for each)11. Canton Fair 12. Discount for cash 13. Commission sale 14. CIF net15. Actual price 16. Beat the price down17. Decline an offer18. Initial payment19. Accessory risk20. Cargo in drum21. Bale packaging22. Master package23. Shipping advice24. over shipment25. Partials shipment26. Demand bill27. Aggregate amount28. Advising bank29. Amount in figures30. Circular creditⅢ. Translation Improvement from English to Chinese .For each English sentence, there is one or more errors in the translation provided .Please write the whole of your improved version in the space provided. (20 points, 2 points for each)31. 原文:If a firm anticipates the future imposition of quotas, its strategy will be to gain as much market share as possible regardless of profitability. 译文：如果公司预计未来会对配额征税，该公司就会不考虑赢利性而是尽可能实施拓宽市场的策略。 改进的译文：32. 原文：The corporate charter also authorizes the corporation to issue and shares of stock, or ownership in the corporation, to enable the corporation to raise money. 译文：公司营业执照授权公司发行和销售股票，认购公司的所有权为公司筹措资金。 改进的译文：33. 原文：The seller must deliver goods which are of the quantity, quality and descriptions required by the contract and which are contained or packed in the manner required by the contract and which are contained or packed in the manner required by the contract. 译文：卖方交付的货物必须与合同所规定的数量、质量和描述一致,并按照合同的方式装箱或包装。 改进的译文：34. 原文：The financing of the sale often involves bills of exchange and documentary credits. 译文：商品销售的金融状况包括:汇票和跟单信用证。 改进的译文：35. 原文：Over the period from 1978 to 1996, many of the distortions and rigidities of the former central planning system were eliminated and market forces came to play an increasingly important role in economic decision making. 译文:自1978到1996年这段时间里,在中央计划经济体制下过去的扭曲和死板被抛弃了,市场力量在经济决策中起了越来越重要的作用. 改进的译文:36. 原文: All services in business —such as gift wrapping ,delivery ,and credit —have some amount of costs associated with them, and these costs must be covered by higher prices. 译文: 商业中所有的服务—--诸如礼品包装、送货以及帐----都有相应的成本,而这些成本要靠较高的价格来覆盖. 改进的译文:37. 原文: The United State systems work by means of a series of closely tabulated favors and obligations carefully doled out where they will do the most good. 译文:美国的制度是在一系列周密安排的恩惠和义务的基础上来运行的,而且施予恩惠和承担义务都必须以获取最大的利益为前提. 改进的译文:38. 原文:A developing economy with an impressive development plan requires large imports of capital goods, technology, raw materials and other inputs and consumer goods to carry out the plan effectively. 译文:一个具有宏伟发展计划的发展中国国家,为了有效地实施其发展计划,可能需要大量进口资本货物、技术、原材料,消费品和其它输入品。 改进的译文:39. 原文:International trade occurs when a country does not have enough of a particular item to meet its needs. 译文:国际贸易发生在一个国家没有足够的特定项目满足自己的需求。 改进的译文:40. 原文:A firm’s involvement in exporting products can range from a minimal commitment all the way to considering exports as necessary for the firm’s survival and growth. 译文:一个公司在产品出口中卷入各不相同,从最低程度的参与一直到将出口视为公司生存和发展必要条件的参与都会存在。 改进的译文: 改进的译文：Ⅳ. Business Letter Translation from English to Chinese (20 points)第一套试卷41. Dear Sirs, We have just bought from the producers a large quantity of high quality rugs and carpets at low prices. As you are one of our regular customers, we would like you to share in the excellent opportunities our purchase provides. We can offer you woolen carpets with traditional patterns in a variety of colors at prices ranging from $100 to $150 per square foot .These prices are 5% below current wholesale prices. This is an exceptional opportunity for you to buy a stock of high quality products at prices we cannot repeat and we hope you will take full advantage of it. If you are interested, please contact our representative in Shanghai, not later than next Friday, March of 6th. Sincerely yours,

找到了，已尽数打了出来，回答得有点晚，希望还能帮到你。五四运动The May 4th Movement第一次世界大战后，帝国主义对中国加紧侵略，北洋军阀政府对外妥协投降，对内残酷压迫人民，给中国带来了深重的民族危机。After World War I, the imperialists stepped up their aggression against China while the Northern Warlord government resorted to compromise and capitulation externally and to ruthless oppression of the people internally, thus landing China in a grave national crisis.一九一九年“巴黎和会”上中国外交的失败，激起了中国人民的极大愤慨。China’s diplomatic setback at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 aroused strong indignation among the Chinese people.五月四日，北京三千多学生在天安门前集会，他们高呼“外争国权，内惩国贼”、“废除二十一条”等口号，举行示威游行。On May 4, over three thousand Beijing students gathered in front of the Tian An Men, and then held a demonstration, shouting such slogans as “Defend our sovereignty, punish the traitors!”, “Abolish the Twenty-one Demands!”他们要求惩办卖国贼曹汝霖、陆宗舆、章宗祥，并火烧了曹宅，痛打了章宗祥。They called for punishment to be meted out to the traitors Cao RUlin, Lu Zongyu and Zhang Zongxiang. They set fire to Cao’s residence and beat up Zhang.北洋军阀政府出动军警镇压，捕去学生三十多名。They called out troops and policemen to suppress the demonstrators and thirty students were arrested.那时候，各地学生纷纷响应北京学生的反帝爱国斗争。Immediately, the students in one part of the country after another rose in support of the anti-imperialist patriotic struggle launched by the students in Beijing.具有初步共产主义思想的知识分子李大钊、毛泽东、周恩来等同志分别在北京、长沙、天津，指导了这个伟大的反帝运动。Comarades Li Dazhao, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and other intellectuals who already had some knowledge of communism guided this great movement in Beijing, Changsha, Tianjin respectively.六月三日，北京学生组织演讲队，开展大规模的宣传活动，军阀政府对学生的镇压变本加厉，捕去一百七十多人。On June 3, the students of Beijing formed groups of speakers and carried out extensive publicity work. The government intensified its suppression and arrested over 170 students.“六三”以后，主要是青年学生参加的五四爱国运动，发展成为无产阶级、小资产阶级和民族资产阶级共同参加的全国范围的革命运动。无产阶级成为运动的主力。From this point on, the May 4th patriotic movement, hitherto conducted mainly by the student youth, became a nation-wide revolutionary movement in which the proletariat, the petty bourgeoisie and the national bourgeoisie all took part, with the proletariat as the mainstay.上海、唐山、长辛店等地工人纷纷罢工示威，中国工人阶级第一次作为觉悟了的独立的政治力量登上政治舞台，显示了它的伟大力量。Large numbers of workers in Shanghai, Tangshan, Changxindian and elsewhere went on strike and held demonstrations. For the first time in Chinese history, the working class appeared as an awakened, independent force in the political arena, demonstrating its tremendous strength.在全国人民反帝爱国斗争的压力下，北洋军阀政府被迫释放被捕学生，撤销三个卖国贼的职务，拒绝在对德“和约”上签字，反帝反封建斗争取得了初步胜利。Under the pressure of the nation-wide anti-imperialist patriotic struggle, the Warlord government had to set free the students it had arrested, dismiss the three traitors from office, and withhold its signature from the “Peace Treaty” with Germany. This marked an initial victory for the struggle against imperialism and feudalism.五四运动是一次彻底的不妥协的反帝反封建的革命运动，它促成了中国工人运动同马克思主义的结合，在思想上和干部上为中国共产党的成立作了准备，是中国新民主主义革命的开端。The May 4th Movement was a thoroughgoing, uncompromising revolutionary movement against imperialism and feudalism. It was instrumental in bringing about the integration of Marxism with China’s labor movement, and it paved the way, both in ideology and in the matters of cadres, for the founding of the Chinese Communist Party. It ushered in China’s new-democratic revolution.

依我的经验：紧扣课文，先把全书按文体分各大类--然后再每篇抓你认为最难翻译的断落---反复熟记-----若是碰上原题你就赚了！若非如此，也没关系，反正经历过后，水平大涨。同时，注意翻译技巧方法即可。

网上这些是没有的，主管部门也不公布的，我也找了很久，也咨询过很多人，得出结论就是：自己看书吧，好好努力考试！祝你好运！自考的孩子伤不起啊！！！

难不难要看个人对英语的学习能力