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因为becauseowing toon account ofby reason thatbecause offor as much asforinasmuchin respect thataswhat withthatinsomuch asinasmuch asbeing thatfor reasons ofone reason or anotherby occasion ofby reason of 此外moreoverbesidesfurthermorein additionfartherfurther morefurtherwithaltherewithalthenagainforbyand all否则if nototherwiseor elseelseelsewise既然sinceasthis being the caseforasmuch asin as muchnow thatinasmuch thatnowin thatin as much as
唯一201314
一、词性: * if not例如: We will achieve many goals if we make good use of our time, if not we will get lost.如果我们好好利用时间我们就可以实现许多目标,否则 我们会迷失自我.1. 副词短语,意思是“不然的话, 否则” ,如: We should do it with all our heart. If not we will leave it unfinished. 我们应该全心全意地做这件事,不然的话,我们将会半途而废。 2. 连词,引导否定的条件状语从句,如: If we are not healthy, happiness is impossible. 没有健康就我们就不可能有幸福. * but for 否定复合介词,用在名词前构成介词短语,意思是“要不是”,等于 without。还可以扩展成 if ... not / unless 从句(见下)。 二、用法: * 连词 if not 用于条件句可以用真实语气,也可以用虚拟语气,如: 1. 真实语气: If he does not study hard, he will never pass the examination. 他如果不努力学习, (将来)考试就永远不会及格。 This baby seldom cries if he is not tired. 这个婴儿除非在疲倦时(往往)很少哭。 If I do not understand what he says, I always ask him. 要是(平时)我不明白他所说的,我总是问他。 2. 虚拟语气: How could I find you here if you were not at home? 要是你不在家,我怎么会在这里找到你呢?(对现在虚拟). If he had not told me the truth about her, I would not have uderstood what she had said. 他假如没有告诉过我她的真相,我就不会明白他所说过的话。(对过去虚拟) * 但是,句子中只要有 but for,该句子必须用虚拟语气。 But for your help (if you had not helped us)we should not have finished in time. 要不是你的帮助,我们就不会及时完成。 But for the rain (= If it had not rained) we should have had a pleasant journey. 要不是下雨,我们就会有一个愉快的旅途的。
or elseotherwise
otherwise/or
虚拟语气的虚拟时态原则在哪类句子中都是一致的,即: 对现在的情况虚拟,时态倒退成一般过去时; 对将来的情况虚拟,时态倒退成一般过去时; 对过去的情况虚拟,时态倒
otherwise; if not; or else ; or例句1.申请必须在二十四小时内办理,否则不予受理。The application must be
otherwise、or例:Pay attention not to tell the other delegations about our facility