自考现代英语语法重点句型总结

自考现代英语语法重点句型总结

自考本科学位英语考试重点是什么？ 一、词汇 词汇掌握本考试大纲所规定的英语词汇、常用词组、常用词缀，并在阅读、写作等过程中具有相应的应用能力，即： 1.领会式掌握4400个单词和550个常用词组; 2.复用式掌握2000个左右的常用单词和搭配以及200个左右的常用词组; 3.掌握一定数量的常用词缀，并能根据构词法和语境识别常见的派生词。 二、语法 掌握英语的基本语法结构和常用句型，能正确理解、运用这些句型和结构写成的句子。需要掌握的具体内容如下： 1.名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法; 2.动词的基本时态、语态的构成及其用法; 3.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法; 4.常用连接词、冠词的词义及其用法; 5.非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)的构成及其用法; 6.虚拟语气的构成及其用法; 7.各类从句的构成及其用法; 8.基本句型的结构及其用法; 9.强调句型的结构及其用法; 10.常用倒装句的结构及其用法 自考英语的复习方法： 1、网上下载历年试卷和考试大纲，把答案在教材书上找出来。因为自考试题是从题库中出来的，往往会反复考到，只要把这些题目都背下来，一般及格没有问题。 2、根据大纲复习，要求识记和掌握的重点背下来，就可以有好的成绩。 3、考试时，要把名词解释当简答题回答，凡是能记住的内容只要卷面允许，都写上去。 4、自考的题目范围广，但难度不大，所以要记住的内容比较多。自考/成考有疑问、不知道如何总结自考/成考考点内容、不清楚自考/成考报名当地政策，点击底部咨询官网，免费领取复习资料：

一本一考通就足够了，但是这是拿学士学位的科目，所以必须劲量得得拿高分一般来说是考书上的内容，像什么一般现在时，过去时，这之类的定义也是有可能出的定义一定要清楚自考不是考能力，只是考书本书本看好了一般就没有什么问题了

其实这门课很好过，但是要拿高分却很难。它考的范围太广了，是你所知道的英语语法的全部，细枝末节非常多，我觉得你手上有这本资料和教材已经可以了，最好再加份预测试题，当然要附带历届的试卷，对整体有个把握，考试的时候题目都不是很难，但是要看你的基本功是不是扎实了。把书看好吧！

一考通每章前面都有章节大纲是不是?看懂了再说

自考现代英语语法重点句型汇总

课本后面的大纲，就是识记、领会……那些。不知道英语有没有这些，没有就没办法了；有就是这些了

自考本科英语二非常重要的考试科目，学习英语最重要的是背单词，背语法。下位小编为大家整理了50个自考英语二的高频知识点，考生可以参考。自考英语二语法知识点整理一、动词短语搭配1. be fond of “喜爱，爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式[1] He's fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。[2] Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗？[3] He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。2. hunt for = look for 寻找 hunt for a job 找工作3. in order to/so as to两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语， in order to可放于句首， so as to则不能， 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to.[1] He went to Beijing in order to/so as to attend an important meeting.[2] In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他， 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。4. care about[1] 喜欢，对……有兴趣 = care forShe doesn't care about money.她不喜欢钱。[2] 关心 = care forShe thinks only of herself. She doesn't care about other people. 她只考虑自己。不关心别人。[3] 在乎，在意（接从句或不接任何成分）These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。5. such as 意为“诸如……”，“像……”，是用来列举人或事物的。She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry. 她教三门科目，像物理、化学。6. drop a line 留下便条， 写封短信7. make yourself at home 别客气；随便；无拘束If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随便一点。8. stay up 不睡；熬夜[1] I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我将回家很晚，不要等我了。[2] He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。9. come about 引起；发生；产生[1] How did the accident come about?这场事故是怎么发生的？[2] They didn't know how the change had come about.他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。10. except for 除……之外[1] except 与 except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如：①He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最后一个，他回答了所有问题。②We go there everyday except Sunday.除了星期天，我们天天去那里。[2] except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如：①Except for oneold lady, the bus was empty.除去一个老太太，这辆公共汽车全空了。②Your picture isgood except for the colours.你的画儿很好，只是某些色彩有问题。[3] 但在现代英语中，except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一个例子可以是：He answered all the questions except for the last one.[4] 另外，在介词短语之前只能用except，不能用except for。We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏季，我们通常十点之前上床睡觉。11. end up with 以……告终；以……结束The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌结束。12. more or less 几乎；差不多；大约；大概；大体上[1] I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.我差不多成功了，而他们没有。[2] Our living condition has more or less improved.我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。13. bring in 引进；引来；吸收[1] We should bring in new technology.我们应该引进新技术。[2] He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一个月挣八百美元。14. get away（from） 逃离[1] The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。[2] I caught a really big fish but it got away.我钓到了一条好大的鱼，可是它逃掉了。15. watch out （for）注意；留心[1] Watch out! There is a car coming.小心！汽车来了。[2] Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那个坑。16. see sb. off 给某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火车站给朋友送行。17. on the other hand 另一方面； 用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等，常说 on the one hand …… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面。I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.我知道这份工作报酬不高，但从另一方面来说，我也不必工作太长时间。18. as well as 和/还 ， He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。19. take place 发生 take one's place 入座、站好位置、取得地位take sb's place 或 take the place of 代替、取代20. on fire 相当于burning, 意为“燃烧；着火；起火”，有静态的含意。catch fire有动态的含意。set…on fire/set fire to…用来表示“使……着火”、“放火烧……”。Look, the theatre is on fire! Let's go and help.瞧，剧院着火了，咱们去帮忙救火吧。21. on holiday 在度假，在休假中 When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。22. travel agency旅行社=travel bureau23. take off[1] 脱下（衣服等）， 解（除）掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋子。[2] （飞机）起飞 The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。[3] 匆匆离开 The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车，匆匆离开去公园。24. go wrong v. 走错路， 误入岐途， （机器等）发生故障25. in all adv. 总共26. stay away v.外出27. look up 查询（如宾语为代词，则代词放中间） Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典里查单词。相关词组：①look for 寻找；②look after照顾，照料；③look forward to期待；④look into调查；⑤look on旁观；⑥look out注意；⑦look out for注意，留心，提防；⑧look over翻阅，查看，检查；⑨look around环视；⑩look through翻阅，查看。28. run after 追逐，追求 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子，你一只也抓不到。29. on the air 广播[1] We will be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟以后开始广播。[2] This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出。30. think highly/well/much of对……评价很高， 赞赏， 对……印象好；think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……认为不好， 对……不在意， 不赞成， 觉得……不怎么样[1] He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他非常赞赏。[2] I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。[3] I don't think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样。31. leave out[1] 漏掉 You made a mistake—You've left out a letter “t”。你出错了—你漏掉了一个字母t.[2] 删掉， 没用 I haven't changed or left out athing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西。32. stare at （由于好奇、激动等张着嘴巴，睁大眼睛地）[1] 凝视，盯着看 Don't stare at foreigners. It's impolite.不要盯着外国人看，这样不礼貌。[2] glare at （to stare angrily at）怒视着33. make jokes about 就……说笑 They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我。[1] have a joke with … about…跟某人开关于某事的玩笑He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来跟我开玩笑。[2] play a joke on…开某人的玩笑 We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。[3] v. joke about 取笑They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我蹩脚的英。34. take over 接管；接替；继承[1] What is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。[2] Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。35. break down[1] 破坏；拆散 ①Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。 ②The peace talks are said to have broken down. （喻）据说和谈破裂了。[2]（机器）损坏 ①Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。 ②The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。[3] 失败；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。[4] 精神崩溃；失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。[5] 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化。36. get on one's feet[1] 站起来；站起来发言[2] （=stand on one's feet）自立， 经济上独立[3] （人）病好了， 可以起床了； （使）恢复， 复苏（指企业）37. go through[1] 经历；经受；遭到 These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。[2] 完成；做完I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大学。[3] 通过；批准 ①The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项法案。②Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。[4] 全面检查；搜查 They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。38.take over 接管；接替；继承①what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。②Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。二、常考句型39. “So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的，“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句，则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。[1] He's tired, and so am I. （=I' m also tired.）[2] You can swim，and so can I.（=I can also swim.）She has had supper，and so can I.（=I've had lunch，too.）[3] Tom speaks English，and so does his sister.（=His sister speaks English，too.）A: I went to the park yesterday.B: So did I.（=I also went to the park yesterday.）40.“So +主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed,certainly, 表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实，语气较强，意思是“确实如此”。A：It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。B：So it was.的确如此。（=Yes，it was.）A：You seem to like sports.B：So I do.（=Yes，I do.）A：It will be fine tomorrow.B：So it will.（=Yes ，it will.）41.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重复。My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.（=I handed inmy composition on time.） 语文老师叫我按时交作文， 我照办了。42. So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……（的情况）也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时，要表示相同情况，必须使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒装句。She doesn't play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.43. There you are. 行了，好。 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。[1] There you are! Then let's have some coffee.除此之外，还可以表示“瞧，对吧（果然如此）”的语气。[2] There you are! I knew we should find it at last.对吧！我就知道我们最终能找到的。44. have some difficulty （in） doing sth. 干某事有困难；接名词时，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.[1] Do you have any difficulty （in） understanding English?你理解英语口语有困难吗？[2] She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她说她在发音方面有困难。45. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”，“对……有某种程度的了解”[1] He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所了解。[2] A good knowledge of languages is always useful.三、长难句46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生，很有趣。[1] fun “好玩，趣事”，不可数名词，前面不加不定冠词aYou're sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。[2] make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。funny adj. “可笑的，滑稽的”He looks very funny in his father's jacket.他穿着他父亲的衣服，看上去很滑稽。47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主语，it是形式主语。四、常考语法48. 直接引语和间接引语[1] 直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。（一般过去时改成过去完成时）I broke your CD player.→He told me he had broken my CD player.（现在完成时改成过去完成时）Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”→Jenny said she had lost a book.（一般将来时改成过去将来时）Mum said, “I'll go to see a friend.”→Mum said she would go to see a friend.（过去完成时保留原有的时态）He said, “We hadn't finished our homework.”→He said they hadn't finished their homework.注意：直接引语是客观真理，过去进行时，时态不变。[2] 在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”→Mary said her brother was and engineer.[3] 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如：He said, “Can you run, Mike?”→He asked Mike whether/if he could run.[4] 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell（ask, order, beg等） （not） to do sth.”句型。如：“Pass me the water, please.”said he.→He asked him to pass her the water.[5] 直接引语如果是以“Let's”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如：She said, “Let's go to the cinema.”→She suggested going to the cinema.或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.49. 现在进行时表将来的动作现在进行时表将来的动作，谓语通常为瞬间动词。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。[1] 用现在进行时表示将来，指的是近期的，按计划或安排要发生的动作。[2] 现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于：前者通常用瞬间动词（有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。① The train is arriving soon. 火车就要进站了。② He is reading a novel. 他在看小说。[3] 用现在进行时表示将来的时间，在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。[4] 现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于：前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的，而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情，因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。① What are you doing next Friday?下星期五你们打算干什么？② The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.飞机今晚七点半起飞。50. 主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like 等，谓语动词仍用单数。The teacher as well as his students is excited.报考考试有疑问、不知道如何考点内容、不清楚报考考试当地政策，点击底部咨询猎考网，免费获取个人学历提升方案：

英语写作常用句型（一）段首句 1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____. 2. 俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天， 它在许多场合仍然适用。 There is an old saying______. Its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……； 其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。 Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______. 4. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外（而且） ……。 Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides，______. 5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不 利的一面。 Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看 来，…… People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____. 7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。 Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious. 8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈 的辩论。 ______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. 9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许 多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。 ______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. 10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可 以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢？ According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______ while. Obviously，______，but why? （二）中间段落句 1. 相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。 On the contrary，there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time，they say____. 2. 但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的 是……。 But I dont think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst of all，___. 3. ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。 首先，……。而且……，最重要的是…… ______is necessary and important to our countrys development and construction. First，______.Whats more, _____.Most important of all,______. 4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。 There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can______ 5. 面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方 面……，另一方面， Confronted with______，we should take a series of effective measures to______. For one thing，______For another，______ 6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定 会……。 It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _____.In addition. _____.All these measures will certainly______. 7. 为什么……？第一个原因是……；第二个原因是……；第三个原因 是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于…… Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is ______.For all this, the main cause of ______due to ______. 8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一 面，象……。 However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own disadvantages, such as ______. 9. 尽管如此，我相信……更有利。 Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous

我现在上的E x say英语，ABC添下英与，Ekoyu口语也挺.好.，外教1对1课程，上下来英语整体水平以及口语的部份进步都挺大的，他们是快速英语速成教材，一对一家教式教学， 还使我拥有了美国人的思维，而且纠正了我的发音，推荐去听下他们的轻松试听课程，货比三家嘛。被动语句 ，定语从句，是最常用的 在像the more the more。这种句型 朋友其实这中事情还是要靠自己在下面积累，别人告诉的不一定适合你，你可以找一些范文把里面的精髓都给挑出来 做好笔记 比如好的句型 用的好的高级词汇 连词，短语，这些都是一边好作文的必备要素，都可以成为你作文中的亮点。加油！!

自考英语语法重点句型总结

今天教务老师给大家收集整理了自考英语二教材语法，自考英语常用语法的相关问题解答，还有免费的自考历年真题及自考复习重点资料下载哦，以下是全国我们为自考生们整理的一些回答，希望对你考试有帮助！自考英语二难不?考什么?自考英语不难。根据免考政策，通过大学生英语四级的考生就可以免考英语。这样对比，英语要比英语四级简单。大部分省市自考一年有两次考期，每次最多可以报考4门。如果所选专业选考+必考共15门科目，选考英语，就可以减为12门科目，只需一年半就能完成考试。但选择用3门课抵，14门科目需要2年考完。因此，从拿证时间来看，想要早点拿到毕业证，建议选择英语。考试内容：试题分四部分，共48题，包括英语知识运用、阅读理解、英译汉和写作。考查目标：考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：(一)语言知识1、语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识，其中包括：名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法动词时态、语态的构成及其用法形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法常用连接词的词义及其用法非谓语动词的构成及其用法虚拟语气的构成及其用法各类从句及强调句型的结构及其用法倒装句、插入语的结构及其用法考生应能掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关词组。考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义。(二)语言技能考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料。题材包括经济、管理、社会、文化、科普等，体裁包括说明文、议论文和记叙文等。根据阅读材料考生应能：1)理解主旨要义；2)理解文中的具体信息；3)理解语篇的结构及上下文的逻辑关系；4)根据上下文推断重要生词或词组的含义；5)进行一定的判断和推理；6)理解作者的意图、观点或态度；考生应能根据所给的提纲、情景或要求完成相应的短文写作。短文应中心思想明确、切中题意、结构清晰、条理清楚、用词恰当、无明显语言错误。自考英语二怎么学习，考过的求教了我是一个高考的过来人。首先我想请阁下明白一个道理冰冻三尺非一日之寒，所以坚持很重要，英语是一门很看重积累的科目。虽然我高考已经好多年了，而且今年即将大学毕业，踏入社会。但英语一直没有丢，英语一直是我的排头兵！我对英语的自信还有，我觉得学好英语不难，重要的是你要有恒心，急躁冒进，三天打渔两天晒网都是不行的。在这里我就毛遂自荐一下我的学习方法吧：首先先你要端正心态，不要急躁，，你做你自己的事，这样才能静下心来学习。要成为英语高手就必须比别人走更多的路，做更多的事。你应该明白一个事实，英语是单词和语法的综合，所以单词和语法都要拿下。其次，对于单词，有如下几种方法，第一个，是加强记忆的频度，也就是说，早上记了几个，隔几个小时又看一次，总之一天之内，记忆的间隔不要太长，否则你辛苦积累的记忆会随着时间的延长而淡化，第二个，是可以根据自己的理解编顺口溜，比如goodmorning是狗摸你……，第三个，最重要的是，记单词的时候，不要忘了阅读，一边记单词，一边看文章，这样可以把孤立的单词串联起来，记忆的效果会加倍，第四个。我建议你记单词要分门别类记忆，要形成一个意群，比如，重要性用magnitudemagnificence，表示非常，大大地有exceedingly，tremendously，extremely……这样做在你写作时，是十分有好处的，写作时不要尽写一些低级词汇，你要写高级词汇，比如重要性写magnitude，许多写amultitudeof或者handsome。再次，是语法。学习语法，首先要明白什么是主谓宾定状补，什么是系动词，什么是直接宾语，间接宾语，这些是学习语法的基础，语法是房子，主谓宾定状补等是沙石砖瓦此外，对于完形填空以及阅读理解，那就只能靠平时的练习了，在这个过程中，你要时时总结，纵深对比，千万不要陷入题海战术只做题，不总结的误区当中。在做题的过程中，你把各种体型都总结了一遍，积累了丰富的经验，而且你还提升了自己的阅读速度，一举两得，所以做题是很重要的！其实，完形填空无非就是单项选择加语境分析，也就是说，做完形填空你的语法要好，而且你要积累比较多的固定搭配，短语，特殊用法等，完形填空的语法还是很重要的！对于阅读，我个人感觉是，纯粹是个人经验积累多少的问题，只有保证一定的练习量，你才能用质的提高！最后，我建议你，平时读报，或者做题的时候，发现有好的句子好的词汇，你要抄下来，长期下来，你的作文会有提高的，需要说明的是，这个提高过程可能很缓慢，但是最后能收到很好的效果，以前25分的作文我都能保证在21-23这个级别，靠的就是对语法的熟练掌握和积累了许多较高级的词汇，句型，句子。我个人的理解是，在你的语法达到基本不会出错的程度上，作文便应该以词汇取胜，因为在这个层次上，大家的语法都差不多，没什么变化，唯一有变化的就是你的词汇！给你打个比方吧，很多想到“许多”就用many，但是你别忘了manya；handsome；massive，innumerable；很多人想到“专家”就写expert，但很少人会想到specialist，很多人在想到“擅长”这词，就写begoodat，却不知还有更高级的表达法：beexpertat或者excelin……高手和庸才，就体现在这些细微的差别上！！自考/成考有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚当地自考/成考政策，点击底部咨询官网老师，免费领取复习资料：

自考本科英语二非常重要的考试科目，学习英语最重要的是背单词，背语法。下位小编为大家整理了50个自考英语二的高频知识点，考生可以参考。自考英语二语法知识点整理一、动词短语搭配1. be fond of “喜爱，爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式[1] He's fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。[2] Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗？[3] He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。2. hunt for = look for 寻找 hunt for a job 找工作3. in order to/so as to两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语， in order to可放于句首， so as to则不能， 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to.[1] He went to Beijing in order to/so as to attend an important meeting.[2] In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他， 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。4. care about[1] 喜欢，对……有兴趣 = care forShe doesn't care about money.她不喜欢钱。[2] 关心 = care forShe thinks only of herself. She doesn't care about other people. 她只考虑自己。不关心别人。[3] 在乎，在意（接从句或不接任何成分）These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。5. such as 意为“诸如……”，“像……”，是用来列举人或事物的。She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry. 她教三门科目，像物理、化学。6. drop a line 留下便条， 写封短信7. make yourself at home 别客气；随便；无拘束If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随便一点。8. stay up 不睡；熬夜[1] I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我将回家很晚，不要等我了。[2] He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。9. come about 引起；发生；产生[1] How did the accident come about?这场事故是怎么发生的？[2] They didn't know how the change had come about.他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。10. except for 除……之外[1] except 与 except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如：①He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最后一个，他回答了所有问题。②We go there everyday except Sunday.除了星期天，我们天天去那里。[2] except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如：①Except for oneold lady, the bus was empty.除去一个老太太，这辆公共汽车全空了。②Your picture isgood except for the colours.你的画儿很好，只是某些色彩有问题。[3] 但在现代英语中，except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一个例子可以是：He answered all the questions except for the last one.[4] 另外，在介词短语之前只能用except，不能用except for。We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏季，我们通常十点之前上床睡觉。11. end up with 以……告终；以……结束The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌结束。12. more or less 几乎；差不多；大约；大概；大体上[1] I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.我差不多成功了，而他们没有。[2] Our living condition has more or less improved.我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。13. bring in 引进；引来；吸收[1] We should bring in new technology.我们应该引进新技术。[2] He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一个月挣八百美元。14. get away（from） 逃离[1] The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。[2] I caught a really big fish but it got away.我钓到了一条好大的鱼，可是它逃掉了。15. watch out （for）注意；留心[1] Watch out! There is a car coming.小心！汽车来了。[2] Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那个坑。16. see sb. off 给某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火车站给朋友送行。17. on the other hand 另一方面； 用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等，常说 on the one hand …… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面。I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.我知道这份工作报酬不高，但从另一方面来说，我也不必工作太长时间。18. as well as 和/还 ， He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。19. take place 发生 take one's place 入座、站好位置、取得地位take sb's place 或 take the place of 代替、取代20. on fire 相当于burning, 意为“燃烧；着火；起火”，有静态的含意。catch fire有动态的含意。set…on fire/set fire to…用来表示“使……着火”、“放火烧……”。Look, the theatre is on fire! Let's go and help.瞧，剧院着火了，咱们去帮忙救火吧。21. on holiday 在度假，在休假中 When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。22. travel agency旅行社=travel bureau23. take off[1] 脱下（衣服等）， 解（除）掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋子。[2] （飞机）起飞 The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。[3] 匆匆离开 The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车，匆匆离开去公园。24. go wrong v. 走错路， 误入岐途， （机器等）发生故障25. in all adv. 总共26. stay away v.外出27. look up 查询（如宾语为代词，则代词放中间） Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典里查单词。相关词组：①look for 寻找；②look after照顾，照料；③look forward to期待；④look into调查；⑤look on旁观；⑥look out注意；⑦look out for注意，留心，提防；⑧look over翻阅，查看，检查；⑨look around环视；⑩look through翻阅，查看。28. run after 追逐，追求 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子，你一只也抓不到。29. on the air 广播[1] We will be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟以后开始广播。[2] This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出。30. think highly/well/much of对……评价很高， 赞赏， 对……印象好；think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……认为不好， 对……不在意， 不赞成， 觉得……不怎么样[1] He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他非常赞赏。[2] I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。[3] I don't think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样。31. leave out[1] 漏掉 You made a mistake—You've left out a letter “t”。你出错了—你漏掉了一个字母t.[2] 删掉， 没用 I haven't changed or left out athing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西。32. stare at （由于好奇、激动等张着嘴巴，睁大眼睛地）[1] 凝视，盯着看 Don't stare at foreigners. It's impolite.不要盯着外国人看，这样不礼貌。[2] glare at （to stare angrily at）怒视着33. make jokes about 就……说笑 They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我。[1] have a joke with … about…跟某人开关于某事的玩笑He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来跟我开玩笑。[2] play a joke on…开某人的玩笑 We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。[3] v. joke about 取笑They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我蹩脚的英。34. take over 接管；接替；继承[1] What is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。[2] Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。35. break down[1] 破坏；拆散 ①Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。 ②The peace talks are said to have broken down. （喻）据说和谈破裂了。[2]（机器）损坏 ①Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。 ②The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。[3] 失败；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。[4] 精神崩溃；失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。[5] 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化。36. get on one's feet[1] 站起来；站起来发言[2] （=stand on one's feet）自立， 经济上独立[3] （人）病好了， 可以起床了； （使）恢复， 复苏（指企业）37. go through[1] 经历；经受；遭到 These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。[2] 完成；做完I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大学。[3] 通过；批准 ①The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项法案。②Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。[4] 全面检查；搜查 They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。38.take over 接管；接替；继承①what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。②Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。二、常考句型39. “So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的，“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句，则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。[1] He's tired, and so am I. （=I' m also tired.）[2] You can swim，and so can I.（=I can also swim.）She has had supper，and so can I.（=I've had lunch，too.）[3] Tom speaks English，and so does his sister.（=His sister speaks English，too.）A: I went to the park yesterday.B: So did I.（=I also went to the park yesterday.）40.“So +主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed,certainly, 表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实，语气较强，意思是“确实如此”。A：It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。B：So it was.的确如此。（=Yes，it was.）A：You seem to like sports.B：So I do.（=Yes，I do.）A：It will be fine tomorrow.B：So it will.（=Yes ，it will.）41.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重复。My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.（=I handed inmy composition on time.） 语文老师叫我按时交作文， 我照办了。42. So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……（的情况）也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时，要表示相同情况，必须使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒装句。She doesn't play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.43. There you are. 行了，好。 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。[1] There you are! Then let's have some coffee.除此之外，还可以表示“瞧，对吧（果然如此）”的语气。[2] There you are! I knew we should find it at last.对吧！我就知道我们最终能找到的。44. have some difficulty （in） doing sth. 干某事有困难；接名词时，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.[1] Do you have any difficulty （in） understanding English?你理解英语口语有困难吗？[2] She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她说她在发音方面有困难。45. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”，“对……有某种程度的了解”[1] He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所了解。[2] A good knowledge of languages is always useful.三、长难句46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生，很有趣。[1] fun “好玩，趣事”，不可数名词，前面不加不定冠词aYou're sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。[2] make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。funny adj. “可笑的，滑稽的”He looks very funny in his father's jacket.他穿着他父亲的衣服，看上去很滑稽。47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主语，it是形式主语。四、常考语法48. 直接引语和间接引语[1] 直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。（一般过去时改成过去完成时）I broke your CD player.→He told me he had broken my CD player.（现在完成时改成过去完成时）Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”→Jenny said she had lost a book.（一般将来时改成过去将来时）Mum said, “I'll go to see a friend.”→Mum said she would go to see a friend.（过去完成时保留原有的时态）He said, “We hadn't finished our homework.”→He said they hadn't finished their homework.注意：直接引语是客观真理，过去进行时，时态不变。[2] 在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”→Mary said her brother was and engineer.[3] 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如：He said, “Can you run, Mike?”→He asked Mike whether/if he could run.[4] 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell（ask, order, beg等） （not） to do sth.”句型。如：“Pass me the water, please.”said he.→He asked him to pass her the water.[5] 直接引语如果是以“Let's”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如：She said, “Let's go to the cinema.”→She suggested going to the cinema.或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.49. 现在进行时表将来的动作现在进行时表将来的动作，谓语通常为瞬间动词。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。[1] 用现在进行时表示将来，指的是近期的，按计划或安排要发生的动作。[2] 现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于：前者通常用瞬间动词（有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。① The train is arriving soon. 火车就要进站了。② He is reading a novel. 他在看小说。[3] 用现在进行时表示将来的时间，在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。[4] 现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于：前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的，而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情，因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。① What are you doing next Friday?下星期五你们打算干什么？② The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.飞机今晚七点半起飞。50. 主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like 等，谓语动词仍用单数。The teacher as well as his students is excited.报考考试有疑问、不知道如何考点内容、不清楚报考考试当地政策，点击底部咨询猎考网，免费获取个人学历提升方案：

Unit3（第7讲—第10讲） 4. One idea was that it reached out to “the edge of the world”。 Another idea was that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot. 这两个都是表语从句和主句中的系动词连用的句子。结构为：主语＋系动词＋表语从句。请看下面的例句：My idea is that we contact him as soon as possible.（我的想法是我们应该尽快跟他联系。） 请翻译下面的句子： 1） My suggestion is that we should put off the meeting.（我的建议是我们应该把会议延期。） 2） One advantage of solar energy is that it will never be used up.（太阳能的一个优点是用之不竭。） 3） 问题是你不在时谁照管孩子。（The problem is who will take care of the children while you are away.） 4） 看起来天要下雨。（It looks that it is going to rain.） 请注意辨析another 和other： another由 an＋other构成，只和单数可数名词连用。other可用于所有名词前。another＋单数名词表示不定的“另一个”，the other＋单数可数名词表示特指的“另一个”。 请看下面的例句： 1） This idea is not very practical， will you think of another one？（这个主意不太实际，你能另想一个吗？） 2） This book is too difficult. Show me another one.（这本书太难了，给我看另外一本。） 3） Of the three books in my bag， two are published in China， the other is published in the United States.（我包里的三本书中，两本是中国出版的，另一本是美国出版的。） 4） Tom is here， but where are the other boys？（汤姆在这儿，其他的男孩在哪儿呢？） 5） I like this coat better than the other one.（两件上衣中，我更喜欢这一件。） 6） This camera is more expensive than the other one.（这架照相机比另一架贵。） boiling hot意思是“滚热的，酷热的”。此处的boiling不是形容词而是副词，表示热的程度，修饰hot. 5. Sailors were afraid that they might sail right off the earth. 此句中，that引导的名词性从句作形容词的补足语。例如： 1） I am afraid that I can not finish the article in two hours.（我担心我两小时内写不完这篇文章。） 2） He was afraid that he couldn't give you a definite answer.（他担心他不能给你一个明确的答复。） 3） I am afraid that I have made a mistake.（我担心自己犯了一个错误。） 4） We are confident that we can overcome all the difficulties.（我们相信自己能克服所有的困难。） 对“be + 形容词 + that引起的从句”这类结构，语法家们有的认为that从句做宾语用，有的认为that从句做状语用。根据句子的逻辑意义来判断也许比较方便一些。如：I'm sorry that you failed the exam again. 这个句子中的that从句起状语作用，相当于“…because you failed the exam again.” 6. The Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific，… 在第一单元中我们讨论过副词的同等比较。本句中as big as 则是形容词的同等比较。在这类句子中，可以有表示程度的状语。例如： 1） This book is not half as interesting as that one.（这本书还不如那本书一半有趣。） 2） My monthly income is only half as much as his.（我的月收入只有他的一半多。） 3） This year our university will enroll three times as many students as it did the year before last.（我们学校今年的招生人数将是前年的三倍。） 请翻译下面的句子： 1） 我的英语口语还不及你的一半流利。（My spoken English is not half as fluent as yours.） 2） 这只手提箱还没有那只手提箱一半重。（This suitcase is not half as heavy as that one.） 3） 这个房间是那个房间的两倍。（This room is twice as large as that one.） 7. But suppose no more rain fell into it and no more water was brought to it by rivers. suppose 常常做动词用，意思是“假定；猜想；认为”。例如： 1） Let's suppose it to be true.（让我们假定这是真的。） 2） I suppose he is very nervous.（我猜想他很紧张。） 3） I supposed him to be an honest man， but he often tells lies.（我以为他很诚实，他却经常说谎。） 在本句中suppose（也可以用supposing）是一个连词，意思是“假设（= if）；假使…结果会怎么样”。例如： 1） Suppose he is ill， what shall we do？（假如他病了，我们怎么办？） 2） Suppose a tiger should come out of the cage？（如果一只老虎从笼子中跑出来怎么办？） 3） Suppose something should go wrong？（如果出了什么问题会怎么样？） 8. It would take the ocean about 4000 years to dry up. it takes （sb.） some time to do sth. 是很常用的一个句型。例如： 1） 我骑自行车到学校要花半小时。（It takes me half an hour to get to school by bike.） 2） 他花了两个星期时间才看完那本书。（It took him two weeks to finish reading that book.） 请翻译下面的句子： 1） It took the boy three hours to finish his homework.（那个男孩花了3小时才写完作业。） 2） It takes less than 4 hours to get to Shanghai by train from Nanjing.（从南京乘火车到上海只要不到4小时。） 3） 他花了4天时间才走出密林。（It took him 4 days to go out of the forest.） 4） 照顾一个生病的老人要花许多时间。（It will take a great deal of time to look after a sick old man. 9. On the average the water is a little more than two miles deep， but in places it is much deeper. on the average在句子中的意思是“平均而言”。例如： 1） On the average， they drove 70 miles an hour.（他们平均每小时行驶70英里。） 2） On the average， they spend 20 yuan on food every day.（他们平均每天花20块钱吃饭。） a little 在句子中修饰more，表示程度，意思是“一点儿，稍许”。much在句子中修饰deeper，也表示程度，加强形容词比较级，意思是“…多”。例如： 1） I feel a little cold.（我觉得有点冷。） 2） He spent a little more than 20 yuan yesterday.（昨天他花了20块多一点儿。） 3） I feel much better now.（我现在感觉好多了。） 4） She is much more careful this time.（她这一次细心多了。） 请翻译下面的句子： 1） 干了一天的工作，我觉得有点累。（I feel a little tired after a day's work.） 2） 她对她的同学有点不友好。（She is a little unfriendly to her classmates.） 3） 听了那个消息他开心多了。（He was much happier after hearing that news.） 10. This “deep” measures 30，246 feet——almost 6 miles （9.6km）。 本句中的deep做名词用，意思是“深处”，“海渊”（水深超过3000英里）。 measure 在句子中做动词用，意思是“测量”，“有…深”。例如： 1） This room measures 10 metres across.（这个房间宽10米。） 2） The bridge measures 17 kilometres long.（这座桥长17公里。） 3） The water tank only measures 2 metres deep.（这只水箱只有2米深。） 11. One of the longest mountain ranges of the world rises from the floor of the Atlantic. 本句中的 longest与课文前几段中出现的narrowest，saltiest，deepest一样，都是形容词的级形式。因为这几个词是单音节词或是以元音结尾的双音节词，所以，级的构成是在词尾加-est.对于大部分两个音节以上的形容词，级的构成是在形容词前面加most.请看例句： 1） He wants to make everybody believe that he is the happiest person in the world.（他想使每一个人相信他是世界上最幸福的人。） 2） This is the strongest horse I have ever seen.（这是我所见过的壮的马。） 3） The boss wanted to find the most careful employees.（老板想找最细心的雇工。） 4） 黄山是我所知道的最美的山之一。（Yellow Mountain is one of the most beautiful mountains I have ever known.） 5） 这条高速公路是中国最长的。（This express way is one of the longest in China. ） 6） 这本书是三本书中最有意思的。（This book is the most interesting of the three.） rise 是一个不及物动词，在句子中的意思是“升起；隆起”。例如： 1） The sun rises in the east.（太阳在东方升起。） 2） Give the child some medicine， his temperature is rising.（给孩子服药，他的体温在升高。） 3） The mountain peak rises above the clouds.（山峰高耸入云。） 请注意区别以下动词： 1） rise 不及物动词 （起立；上升，高耸；浮现） The old lady rose to her feet when she heard the doorbell. The tower rises to a height of 70 feet. An idea rises in my mind. 2） raise 及物动词 （举起；养育；提高；召集） If you have any questions， please raise your hands. When Father was in the army， Mother had a hard time raising three children. The management promised to raise the workers'salary after the negotiation. He failed to raise the money for his father's heart operation. 3） arise 不及物动词 （升起；出现；由…引起） Heavy smoke arose beyond the mountain. New problems arise when old ones are solved. His illness arose from malnutrition. 4） arouse 及物动词 （唤醒；激起，引起） The noise outside aroused him from sleep. The music aroused a feeling of homesickness in him. floor在句子中的意思是“海底”。在其他语言环境中，floor当然有其他的意思。如； 1） He lives on the seventh floor.（他住在7楼。） 2） The wood floor gives a feeling of warmth in the winter.（冬天时，木地板给我温暖的感觉。） 3） He was given the floor at the meeting.（他在会上得到了发言权。） 4）He decided to floor the kitchen with plastic tiles.（他决定用塑料砖铺厨房地面。） 12. The tops of a few of the mountains reach up above the sea and make island top 在句中做名词用，意思是“顶部，山顶”。例如： 1） He was the first to climb to the top of the hill.（他第一个爬上山顶。） 2） When we stand on the top of the mountain， the whole city is in sight.（我们站在山顶时，整个城市尽收眼底） 请翻译下面的句子，注意top的词类和意思： 1） He shouted at the top of his voice.（他放声高叫。）-n. 2） He is running at the top of his speed.（他正以最快的速度奔跑。）-n. 3） He is the top student in the class.（他是班上的尖子学生。）-adj. 4） This is the top news of the week.（这是本周的头条新闻。）-adj. 5） His father is a top diplomatic advisor.（他父亲是高级外交顾问。）-adj. 6） Mother is going to top the cake with cream.（妈妈准备在蛋糕上浇奶油。）-v. 7） He tops his father by half a head.（他比父亲高出半个头。）-v. 8） She needs a new skirt to match her top.（她需要一条新裙子配她的上衣。）-n. 与top有关的词组： come out top（名列前茅） come out on top（出人头地） from top to bottom（从上到下，彻底地） from top to toe（从头到脚；完全） on top of the world（非常幸福；心满意足） 13. Several hundred miles eastward from Florida there is a part of the ocean called the Sargasso Sea. called the Sargasso Sea 是修饰ocean的定语从句，在其前省去了which is. 请看下面的例句： 1） Opportunities are often thing （that） you have not noticed the first time around. （机会常常是第一次出现时没有被人们注意到的东西。） 2） There is much （that） the little boy can do.（有许多是那小男孩能做。） 3）He is the right person （that） I want to discuss the problem with.（他正是我想与其讨论这个问题的人。） 14. In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed here. Sometimes they were. days常常指“时期，时代”，有时也表示“一生；生命”。请看例句： 1） In his boyhood days， he often went swimming and fishing with his friends.（在他的童年时代，他常常和伙伴们一起游泳，钓鱼。） 2） In the days of Queen Victoria， the British colony expanded rapidly.（在维多利亚女王时代，英国殖民地迅速扩张。） 3） He has experienced a lot of hardships in his days.（他一生中吃了许多苦。） crew是一个集合名词，指“全体船员”，后面的谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数，此句中谓语动词用的是复数were，因为从句子中可以推断出是许多vessels（船）上的船员。Sometimes they were.句子中省略becalmed. 15. The Atlantic furnishes much food for the people on its shores. furnish sth. to sb. 意思是“为…提供”，我们同样可以用furnish sb. with sth.来表达这个意思。例如： They furnished blankets and food to the refugees.（他们为难民供应毯子和食物。） No one expected that he would furnish the information to the opponent.（谁也没有料到他会把消息提供给对手。） Luckily， they have furnished us with a car and all the necessary maps.（幸运的是他们为我们提供了一辆汽车和所有必要的地图。） 16. One of its famous fishing regions， the Grand Banks， is near Newfoundland. the Grand Banks在句子中做同位语。请看下面的例句： 1） This theory was advanced by Einstein， a famous scientist.（这个理论是由科学家爱因斯坦提出的。） 2） This is Mr. Benjamin， dean of our department.（这是我们系主任本杰明先生。） 3） Qinghai Lake， the largest inland body of salt water in China， lies 3，198 metres above sea-level.（中国的内陆咸水湖青海湖海拔3，198米。） 本课主要词组及句型 词组： 1. separate from 2. keep sb. from doing sth. 3. be unwilling to do sth. 4. between A and B 5. make sth unusual 6. so…that 7. dry up 8. on the average 9. rise from 10. furnish sth for sb. 11. pile up 12. from…to 句型： A.定语从句： 1） The Atlantic is one of the oceans that separate the Old World from the New. 2） Ocean currents affect the climates of the land near which they flow. B.表语从句： 1） One idea was that it reached out to “the edge of the world”。 2） Another idea was that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot. C.结果状语从句： 1） There is so much water in the Atlantic that it is hard to imagine how much there is. 2） We now have such fast ways of travelling that this big ocean seems to have grown smaller. D.形容词的比较级和级： 1） The Atlantic is only half as big as the Pacific， but still it is very large. 2） It is more than 4，000 miles wide where Columbus crossed it. 3） Even at its narrowest it is about 2，000 miles wide. 4） Also， it is the world's saltiest ocean. 5） The deepest spot is near Puerto Rico. E.be one of＋复数名词 The Atlantic Ocean is one of the oceans that separate the Old World from the New. F.it takes sb. some time to do sth. It would take the ocean about 4，000 years to dry up. 地理名称 1.（七）大洲和（四）大洋 Asia （亚洲） Europe（欧洲） Africa（非洲） North America（北美洲） South America（南美洲） Oceania （大洋洲） the Antarctic（南极洲） The Atlantic（大西洋） the Pacific（太平洋） the Indian（印度洋） the Arctic（北冰洋） 2.常用词 continent （大陆） continental shelf（大陆架） subcontinent（次大陆） iceberg（冰山） mountain range（山脉） volcano（火山） delta （三角洲） waterfall（瀑布） gulf（海湾） straits； channel（海峡） coast line （海岸线） beach（海滩） 3. 大西洋之最 1） The Atlantic is the second largest ocean in the world 2） The Atlantic is the saltiest ocean in the world 3） Puerto Rico Trench is the deepest in the Atlantic Ocean. 4） Gulf Stream is the strongest warm water current in the Atlantic Ocean. 5） The Grand Banks near Newfoundland is the most prosperous fishing region in the world. 6） The drainage area of the Atlantic is four times that of the Pacific or the Indian. 2. 主要属海和岛屿 the Mississippi 密西西比河 the Hudson 哈得逊河 the Amazon 亚马逊河 the Congo 刚果河 Baffin Bay 巴芬湾 the Nigeria 尼日利亚河 the Rhine 莱茵河 the Caribbean Sea 加勒比海 the Mexican Gulf 墨西哥湾 the Hudson Bay 哈得逊湾 the Mediterranean Sea 地中海 the Black Sea 黑海 the North Sea 北海 the Baltic Sea 波罗的克海 Iceland 冰岛 Greenland 格陵兰岛 Faeroe Islands 法罗群岛 Shetland Islands 设得兰岛 Bermudas 百慕大群岛 Azores 亚速尔群岛 Grenada 格陵纳达岛 Antilles 安的列斯群岛 Trinidad Islands 特里尼达群岛 Malvinas Islands 马尔维纳斯群岛 Bahamas 巴哈马群岛 Text B The Moon 短语表达 1. tie to（与…联系在一起；使束缚于…） He is seriously ill and has been tied to his bed for almost a month.（他病得厉害，已经卧床近一个月了。） Study ties smoking to many diseases.（据研究，许多疾病与抽烟有关。） I am sorry I didn't have the time to go shopping with you. I was tied to housework.（很抱歉我没能有时间和你一起去购物，家务杂事把我拴住了。） 2. except for（除了…之外） The room is empty except for some chairs.（房间里除了一些椅子空荡荡。） Your composition is well written except for some spelling mistakes.（除了几处拼写错误，你的文章写的不错） 3. be near to（靠近） The park is near to our school. Let's go boating.（公园离我们学校很近，我们去划船吧。） The police station is near to our community. It is within walking distance. （警察局离我们社区很近，步行就能到达。） 4. face towards（朝向） My office is in the building that faces towards the street.（我的办公室在那座朝街的楼里。） His new house faces towards the south.（他的新房子朝南。） 5. keep…in mind（把…记在心里） I am not sure if he would keep what you have said in mind.（我不能肯定他是否会把你说的话记在心里。） I will keep this in mind for future reference.（我会记住这个，供以后参考。） 6. light up（变亮；使容光焕发） Her face lighted up when she heard the news.（听到那个消息，她面露喜色。） His face was lighted （lit） up with excitement.（他因兴奋而满面春风。） 7. reflect（反射） Mirrors reflect light.（镜子反射光。） The white sand reflected the sun's heat（白沙地反射太阳的热气。）。 The light reflected from the water into my eyes.（光线投过水面反射到我眼里。） 8. …enough for sb. to do sth.（足以让某人做某事） The room is big enough for us to have a dancing party.（这间房够大了，我们可以在里面开舞会。） The basket is light enough for the little boy to carry.（这只篮子很轻，那个小男孩能提动。） 9. speak of（提到，说起） I have never heard him speak of his past.（我从来没有听他提起他的过去。） She always looks proud when she speaks of her son.（说到她的儿子她总是很自豪的样子。） 10. otherwise（不然；另外的） He reminded me of what I might otherwise have forgotten.（他提醒了我，不然我可能会忘记那件事。） He is a little careless， but he is otherwise quite suitable for the job.（他有点粗心，除此以外，他倒是很适合这个工作的。） He is honest， but his twin brother is otherwise.（他很诚实，而他的孪生兄弟则不然。） 11. nothing but（仅仅，除了…之外没有什么） There is nothing but a piece of bread in the cupboard.（食橱里除了一片面包什么也没有。） He asked for nothing but trust.（除了信任，他什么要求都没有。）

英语语法自考重点句型总结

没有深厚 经验 衬托的广博思想和知识，就像是一本每页仅有两行正文却有四十行注释的教科书。下面我给大家分享一些初高中英语语法知识点 总结 ，希望能够帮助大家，欢迎阅读!

英语语法知识点1

初中英语语法口诀歌

? 1.数词变化规律及读法口诀

两大数词基和序，前表数量后第几。

构成先谈基数词，1至12请认真记。

13至19teen结尾齐，ty结尾表示几十。

若要表达几十几，几十短横1到9。

One hundred一百记，若表几百几十几。

几百and几十几，基数规律上述里。

再把序数谈仔细，第一至三独立记。

第四至十九结尾th,第廿到九十有规律。

基数基础y变ieth。第几十几有特例，

第几十由基数起，几用序数有道理。

第一百one hundred。若说第一百几十几。

One hundred and第几十几。谈此即告一段落。

序有缩式莫忘记，上述须用心体味。

? 2. 句子 种类口诀

句子按用途分四大体，陈述疑问感叹和祈使。

陈述用来叙述一件事。疑问主要用来提问题。

祈使表达命令和请求。表达强烈感情感叹句。

上述九是句种之定义。祈使主语you被抛弃。

若将其变成否定形式，动词之前加don’t是正理。

? 3.陈述句变感叹句口诀

英语陈述变感叹两句套。What或How加其他成分表。

What[a(an)]形加名用的妙。剩余照写句末用感叹号。

How后副和形是正确道，其后照写感叹号堪称妙。

? 4.一般现在时用法及句型转换口诀

经常习惯动作和真理，是一般现在时的定义。构成除单三皆动原式。

若逢动词第三人称体，动词变单三式有道理。

若要变成否定的形式，动词原形之前加don’t。

除单三人称外无特例，单三式前doesn’t动原基。

句首Do,Does疑问起，Does用单三人称限制，单三还原形没大问题。

? 5.变动词单三人称口诀

一般情况动词尾-s加。

O,s,ch,sh结尾“-es”没有差。

辅音加y去y为“-ies”是 方法 。

? 6.现在进行时及句型转换口诀

现在正在进行之动作，用现在进行时来掌舵。

构成be加现在分词妥，be的用法如同系动词。

切记be是助动词没错，be后面加not否定拓。

Be提句首疑问有把握，上述内容记清好处多。

? 7.现在分词构成口诀

词尾直加-ing是一般式，若遇无音e去之加-ing。

重读闭音一辅音字母尾，双写该字母-ing是正里。

? 8.形容词和副词比较级和最高级构成口诀

结尾直加-er,-est属一般，详细构成方法逐一来侃谈。

一辅音结尾重读闭音节看，辅音双写-er,-est是习惯。

辅音加y(ly)除外有型感，按照去y,-er,-iest方法办。

上述皆属单音部分双音段，下面把多音节规律来看看。

词前加more,most此规律唤。规则变化到此已全都谈完。

有些不规则变化请你记全。“双好”better,best记的宽。

“坏病”worse,worst莫记乱。“双多”more,most不用管

“老、远”两种形式别记篡，“有点”less,least记清盼。

? 9.感观使役动词记忆和使用口诀

记忆口诀：

二听四看一感觉，使役动词有三个。

一感;feel二听：hear,listento三使：make,let,have四看：lookat,see,watch,notice

使用口诀：

感使动词真奇怪，to在句中象妖怪。

主动句里它走开，被动句里它回来。

动词let要除外，to词可来可不来。

? 10.规则动词加-ed的读音口诀

元音后[t]，浊音后[d]，[t][d]后读[id]。

注：浊音包括浊辅音和元音。

? 11.时刻表达法口诀

时刻表达法作用大，衣食住行离不开它。

整点时把点钟数打，时分俱全不好表达。

请记下列几种方法：先时后分莫给弄差。

若要说明几点过几分，可把past和after来抓。

前分后时不能搞差，要说几点几分差，to前分后时来表达。

? 12.形容词和副词的比较等级及用法句型口诀

一者比较用原级。比较级限二者比。

三者三者往上比，最高级的用法起。

若要比项掌握齐，比较范围要搞细。

比较级二句型记，做出句子没问题。

若甲乙程度相同，as…as结构体。

甲某方面不及乙，用notso/as…as表示。

上述内容全记起，比较等级谈完毕。

英语语法知识点2

高中英语语法口诀

一、词法

? (一)巧记名词变复数的规则：

单数变为复数式，一般词尾加-s;

下列句词词尾后，要加-s先加-e。

发音[f]、[t]、[s]和[z]，或是某些辅音加-o时。

有些名词变复数，词尾变化要注意。

y前字母是辅音，一律变y为-ies.

遇到f和fe，有时需要变-ves.

少数名词不规则，特殊情况要强记。

说明：

1.名词变复数形式，一般在词尾加-s.

Eg：bag-bags banana-bananas bird-birds pen-pens,....

2.词尾发音为[f,ts,z]的名词(即以字母sh,ch,s,x结尾者)在变复数时，要在词尾加-es，

eg：watch-watches, box-boxes, bus-buses, etc)

3.若词尾字母o的前面是辅音字母，变为复数时，有些加-es，

eg: hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, patato-patatoes, tomato-tomatoes.

这四个词可组成一句话来记忆：Heroes and Negroes eat potatoes and tomatoes(英雄和黑人吃马铃薯和西红柿。简为二人吃二菜。)

但有些以o结尾的名词则加-s，

eg:photo–photoes,piano–pianos等。

4.若词尾字母y前加的是辅音字母时，变为复数，首先把y变为i，再加-es,

eg: family–families, city-cities, baby–babies等，

但若词尾y前为元音字母时，则可直接加-s,

eg: day-days, boy-boys等。

5.以f和fe结尾的名词变复数时，首先将f和fe变为v,再加-es，我们也可用一句话来记，

“狼(wolf)和小偷(thief)的妻子(wife)用小刀(knife)威胁书架(shelf)上的半片(half)叶子(leaf)的生命(life)。

另外记住一些常见特殊词，eg: roof—roofs.

6.有些名词的复数变化是不规则的

eg:man-men,woman-women,child-children,chinese-chinese,sheep-sheep等，

平时多留心，稍微加以归纳，是不难发现其的特征的。

? (二)定冠词

冠词是NMET试题中出现较频繁的词性，近五年复出率高达83.3%。因而掌握冠词，尤其是定冠词的用法也尤其必要。

请看下面的 顺口溜 ，它可以帮助我们记忆定冠词的一些用法：

特指、重提和唯一，岛屿，海峡和海湾;

海洋，党派最高级，沙漠，河流与群山;

方位、顺序和乐器，年代，团体与机关;

船名，建筑和组织，会议，条约与报刊;

姓氏复数，国全名，请你记住用定冠。

? (三)非谓语动词

非谓语动词包括动词不定式，动词的过去分词和动词的-ing形式三种。这是高考中的 热点 ，其考查量多、面广，几乎是必考的一个知识点。近六年高考复现率达百分之百。纵观试题，其考查重点为动词非谓语形式的作用及功能相同的非谓语动词之间的区别。学生对此知识也“知之半解”，深感头疼。请看下面的方法，将有助于记住不定式及动名词。

1、动词的不定式

①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。

②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。

③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。

④not加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。

⑤疑问词与不定式，构成 短语 有意义。

⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。

解析：

①“to+动词原形”是它的基本构成形式，即不定式的标记。

②它没有人称和数的变化，不管主语是任何人称，单数还是复数，动词不定式都没有变化。但它仍保留动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语。

③它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点，所以，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补。

④“not+动词不定式”是它的否定形式，不要受其他否定式的影响，要记住规律。

⑤疑问代词what,who,whom,which和疑问副词where,when,why,how加上不定式在句中可以做主语，宾语、表语、状语。

⑥通过以上分析，只要仔细研究，把不定式的功能用法搞清楚，在应用时就能作出准确的判断。

2、动名词：

喜欢、考虑不可免(enjoy, consider, escape, avoid)

停止，放弃太冒险(stop, give up, risk)

反对想象莫推延(mine, imagine, delay, put off)

要求完成是期望(require, finish, look forward to.)

建议继续勤-练(suggest, go on, practice )

不禁原谅要坚持(can’t help, excuse, insiston)

继续注意使成功(keep on, mind, succeed in)

? (四)多个形容词并开修饰一个名词的问题

有两三个形容词修饰一个名词时，与被修饰名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词。若有多个形容词修饰，可用下面这句话来判断、排列它们的顺序：县官行令杀国材。

其意思是：县(限)代表限定词，包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词，所有格，数字等。

官(观)代表表示观点的描绘性形容词，eg: fine, beautiful, interesting等。

行(形)代表表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词：eg: small, tall, high, little, round等。

令代表表示年龄、新旧的形容词：eg: old, young等。

杀色(近似音)代表表示颜色的形容词：eg: white, black等。

国代表国籍、地区、出处的形容词：eg: Englsih, American, mountain等。

材代表形成中心名词的材料的形容词，eg: wooden, silk, plastic, stone等。

? (五)序数词中的特殊词：

记忆序数词中的特殊词时，可用顺口溜来记：

八去t，九减e,f来把ve替，若是遇上几十几，ie就把y来替。

即：eighth,ninth,fifth,twelfth,twentieth,thirtieth...

? (六)一些动词

1.lie的变化

记忆lie的变化时，可用顺口溜来帮助记忆：

规则的说谎，不规则的躺，躺过就下蛋，下蛋不规则。

即：lie—lied—lied—lying(说谎)

lie—lay—lain—lying(躺，位于)

lay—laid—laid—laying(产卵，下蛋)

2.感官动词和使役动词：

记忆此项动词，可归纳于“五三二一”，即：

“五看”—see, watch, notice, observe, look at;

“二使”—let, make, have;

“三听”—hear, listen to;

“一觉”—feel.

3.“否定转移”的5个常用词：

我认为(think)猜想(suppose)与想象(imagine)都不可相信(believe)，我期待(expect)等着你的回答。eg: I don’t think he’ll come tomorrow.

4.“同源宾语”的七个常用词

微笔(smile)着生话(live)歌唱(sing)着战斗(fight)死(die)也像睡觉(sleep)做梦(dream)一样甜蜜。

eg: Now we’re living a happy life and often dream good dreams.

5.巧记常用于“主语没有生命胜似有”之类句子谓语的七个动词：

如果看见(see)或发现(discover)Turn(音译：特恩)，一定要找到(find)他，并带(bring)他到这儿给(give)大伙展示(show)一下。

eg: Tomorrow’ll see the opening of the meeting.

英语语法知识点3

句法

? (一)巧学定语从句

由两个简单句合并成一个含定语从句的复句时，对于关系代词、关系副词的取舍是个难点。如下两句话，用起来倒方便，快捷：代代代①，副代副②;有介要用代③，无介关副代④。

说明：①是说用关系代词代替定语从句中的代词或名词。即将两个句子合并成定语从句时，在确定先行词后(在主句中)，把另一个句子(定语从句)中的代词或名词用关系代词代替，紧跟在先行词之后即可。这里当然要记住，应把被代替的代词或名词去掉。

②与①同理。即用关系副词代替定语从句中的副词(或作状语的介词短语)。这时的关系副词也照样紧跟在先行词之后。

③和④两句是指如果定语从句中有作状语的介词短语，保留介词就要用关系代词，或用关系副词代替整个介词短语。

[短语、词组归纳]

由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理：

一、动词+介词

1.look at…看…， look like … 看上去像……， look after …照料…

2.listen to…听……

3.welcome to…欢迎到……

4.say hello to …向……问好

5.speak to…对……说话

此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。

二、动词+副词

“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：

A.动词(vt.)+副词

1.put on 穿上 2.take off脱下 3.write down记下

此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。 B.动词(vi)+副词。

1.come on赶快 2.get up起床 3.go home回家

4.come in进来 5.sit down坐下 6.stand up起立

此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。

英语语法知识点总结相关 文章 ：

★ 高中英语语法知识点整理总结

★ 初中常考的英语语法知识点汇总

★ 小学英语语法知识点汇总

★ 初一英语语法知识点总结归纳

★ 最新九年级英语语法知识点总结大全

★ 初一英语全册语法知识点汇总

★ 八年级英语语法知识点归纳总结

★ 五年级英语语法知识点总结

★ 初中英语语法知识点总结

高级英语语法讲解比起初级语法来相对来说比较深入剖析。下面是我给大家整理的高级英语语法，供大家参阅!

一 、定语从句的回顾

定语从句两种连接词：关系代词&关系副词

关系代词：that、which、who 关系副词：when、where、why(一般不可省略)

eg. Fruit that contains vitamin C can relieve a cold.(that充当主语)

eg. The man who we met yesterday is a famous psychologist. (who充当宾语)

eg. This is the right/very() book that you are looking for. (that充当宾语)

关系代词在从句中只能充当主语或宾语

二、关系词充当宾语的时候：可以直接省略，而从句不发生任何形式的改变

三、关系词充当主语

(1)谓语结构为实词：关系代词进行省略，从句中实词要发生形式的改变。若原从句是主动语态，则动词直接变成ing形式，若原从句谓语动词是被动语态，则可以直接保留过去的分词。

eg. Fruit that contains vitamin C can relieve a cold.= Fruit containing vitamin C can relieve a cold.

eg. I have a dog which is called King.= I have a dog called King.

(2)谓语结构为be + 名词：可将be动词同时省略，将后面的名词和前面从句所修饰的名词构成同位语结构。

eg. I know YU Minhong who is the president of New Oriental School.

= I know YU Minhong, the president of New Oriental School.

四、先行词为the way，后边的关系代词可以使that，in which或者不加任何关系代词。

eg. I like the way you talk.

一、主句和从句的助于保持一致，称为分词作状语。

(1)条件：状语从句，前后主语一致

(2)形式：分词作状语在句首+分词作状语在句后

(3)省略方式：省略从句的主语，关系词(可保留)+动词形式变化(主动语态-ing/被动语态-ed)

(一)时间状语从句：when、after、as soon as

eg. When the mouse saw the cat, it ran off = (when) Seeing the cat , the mouse ran off.

(二)原因状语从句

eg. As she was very weak, she couldn’t move. = Being very weak , she couldn’t move.

(三)条件状语从句

eg. If you work hard, you will succeed. = Working hard , you will succeed.

eg. If we are united, we stand; if we divided, we fall. = United, we stand; divided, we fall.

(四)让步状语从句

eg. Although he lived miles away, he attended the course. = Although living miles away=Living miles away

(五)伴随状语从句

eg. He sat in the chair reading a newspaper.

eg. He came in, followed by his wife.

(六)方式状语从句

eg. He came as we expected. =He came as (he was) expected.

(七)结果状语从句 eg. He fired and killed one of the passers-by. = He fired, killing one of the passers-by.

若前后主语不一致，则成为独立主格结构。

1、构成：分词短语的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致。独立结构只能作状语，多用于书面语言。

(1)名词/代词+分词(现在分词&过去分词)

eg. The boy ran quickly, his father following.(表伴随情况，父亲主动跟随)

eg. He lay on his back, his hands acrossed under his head.(one’s hands be acrossed)

(2)名词/代词+形容词

eg. They started home, theirs minds full of plans for increasing production.

eg. He was silent for a moment, his lips tight.

(3)名词/代词+副词

eg. He put on his socks, wrong side out.(表示补充说明)

eg. The war over, all the Chinese people’s volunteers came back to China.

(4)名词/代词+介词(短语)

eg. She came in, a baby in her arms.

eg. He went off, gun in hand.

2、句中的作用

(1)表示时间

eg. His homework done, Jim decided to go and see the play.

= After his homework was done, he decided to go and see the play.

(2)表示原因

eg. The last bus having gone, we had to walk home.

=Because the last bus having gone, we had to walk home.

(3)表示原因

eg. (with) Weather permitting, we’ll go for outing tomorrow.

=If weather permitting, we’ll go for outing tomorrow.

(4)表示伴随情况

eg. They walked though the forest, (with) an old hunter leading the way.

(5)表示补充说明

eg. He lived in a wooden house with two rooms, one being a bedroom and the other being an office.

=He lived in a wooden house with two rooms, one was a bedroom, the other was an office.

3、独立主格的变化

在带有逻辑主语的分词及其短语前加“with”

虚拟语气

【1】if 引导的虚拟语气(与事实相反，过去&现在&将来)

if—如果(可能发生&不可能发生)

If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.(主将从现)

(1)表示与过去事实相反时，从句中应使用had+过去分词，主句中用would，could，might +have+过去分词

eg. If you had got there earlier, you would have caught the bus.

(2)表示与现在事实相反时，从句中所有的be都有were，动词都要用过去式，主句中用would，could，might +动词原形 eg. If there were no air, people would die.

eg. If I had wings, I would fly over the sea to see you.

(3)表示与将来事实相反时，从句中be变成were，动词变成should+动词原形，主句中用would，could，might +动词原形 eg. If it were Sunday tomorrow, we would not have an examination.

错综虚拟语气：eg. If you had followed my advice yesterday, you would know how to do it now.

倒装形式的虚拟语气：从句中出现助动词do或were，可以将if省略，将do或were提前

eg. Had you got there earlier yesterday(=if you had got…), you could have caught the bus.

eg. Were I you(=if I were you), I would help him.

【2】馒头面条原理

当句子中出现建议、命令、要求这三个单词的时候，不管它是什么词性，也不管其后接何种从句，从句中的动词都应使用should+动词原形，should可以省略。

注：虽为虚拟语气的一种用法，但后面的句子并不表示与事实相反。

常见表示建议、命令、要求的单词：advice, suggest, propose, recommend; order, command; demand, require, insist, urge

eg. He suggested that we (should) go to tomorrow’s exhibition together.

eg. Mike’s uncle insisted that he (should) not live in this hotel.

注：suggest表“表明”义时不使用虚拟语气。

eg. Her face suggested that she was ill. So I suggested that she (should) be sent to the nearest hospital immediately.

【3】固定句型

1、It is time that ...

It is time that sb. did sth.早该做某事了

It is (high/about) time that…

eg. It is time that you worked hard on English.

eg. It is already 5 o’clock now, don’t you think it is time we went home?

eg. I think it is high time that she made up her mind.

2、Would rather that .....

只要是与现在或过去相反，从句中be动词变成were，动词变为过去式。如果与过去相反，则用had+过去分词。

eg. I would rather he came tomorrow than today.

eg.John would rather that she had not gone to the party yesterday evening.

eg. I would rather everything hadn' t happened in the past.

3、“It is (was)+形容词(或过去分词)+that+ (should) do……”结构中的虚拟语气

eg. It is necessary that we (should)have a walk now.

eg. It was necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time.

eg. It is required that nobody (should) smoke here.

eg. It is important that every pupil (should) be able to understand the rule of school.

4、as if，wish等后使用虚拟语气

Although it is summer, it seems as if it were spring.

He wished we would go there with him.

(wish表示不可能实现的愿望，hope表示可以实现的愿望)

倒装

全部倒装:主谓宾构成了正常的语序，把谓语动词提到了动词的前面，谓语动词直接发生在主语之前，那么就是全部倒装。

1、当首句为方位或时间副词，谓语动词为go，come等时通常用全部倒装。如果是进行时态的话，倒装后要改为一般现在时。 eg. The bus is coming here. Here comes the bus.

进行时态在变为倒装的时候要变为一般现在时。

eg. Students went away. Away went students.

eg. The boy rushed out. Out rushed the boy.

here/away/out/ 在英语当中称作方位副词或时间副词。

eg. Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. 方位副词或时间副词置于句首

2、如果句首出现了地点状语，句子也可以进行全部倒装。

eg. The old man lives in the city center. In the city center lives the old man.

eg. A temple stands on the mountain. On the mountain stands a temple.

3、当句子当中出现分词结构的时候，可以把现在分词或过去分词和地点状语联系在一起放在句首，把be 动词留在中间当作谓语动词，主语放在后面。

eg. Lying on the floor was a boy aged about 18. On the floor lies a boy aged about 18.

eg. Sitted on the ground are a group of young people.

eg. 访问北京的是300名日本青年。/ 300名日本青年正在访问北京。

300 Japanese young people are visiting Beijing.

Visiting Beijing are 300 Japanese young people.

部分倒装：主谓宾保持原来的形式，谓语动词的助动词放到主语的前面。

1、当句首状语为否定词或带有否定意义的词语时，这个句子就需要部分倒装

这类词语有hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, never, few, little, less, at no time, by no means, in no case, under no circumstance, in no way, on no account, on no consideration, no longer, not only等。

eg. He never smokes. 他从来不抽烟。Never does he smoke.

eg. Not only did the customer complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it.

这位顾客不仅仅 抱怨食物不好，还拒绝付费。

eg. Under no circumstance do I trust you.在任何情况下我都不会相信你。

2、当句首为only加状语的时候，这个句子需要部分倒装。

eg. Only with you can I feel happy.

eg. Only when you come, can we start the meeting.

只有当你来了这，我们才可以开始会议。

3、so......that 结构中的so位于句首时，常引起部分倒装

eg. He runs so fast that I can't catch up with him.

他跑得实在是太快了，以致于我都没有办法追上他。

So fast does he run that I can't catch up with him.

eg. The moon was so bright that the flowers bright as by day.

皓月当空，花朵就像白天那样的鲜艳。

So bright was the moon that the flowers bright as by day.

4、句子开头的as 处在第二个单词的位置上，表示虽然的意思。(表让步)

eg. Although I am young, I can live by myself. 虽然我很小但是我却能养活自己了。

Young as I am, I can live by myself.

eg. Although she is a girl, she can support the whole family.

虽然她是个女孩，但是她却可以养活整个家庭的人。

Girl as she is, she can support the whole family.

eg. Although I like music very much,.... Much as I like music,.....

5、常见的固定搭配结构中需要用倒装的情况。

(1)hardly/ scarcely.....when.... 一......就......

hardly，scarcely 后面一定要用过去完成时，when 后面用一般过去时。

eg. Hardly had he seen me when he ran away. 他一看到我就跑开了。

eg. Hardly had the baby cried when his mother rushed to carry him.

婴儿一哭，他妈妈就跑去抱他。

(2)no sooner....than..... 一......就......

no sooner 后面一定要用过去完成时，than 的后面用一般过去时。

eg. No sooner had they reached home than it rained more and more heavily. 他们一到家，雨就越下越大起来。

(3)the more ......the more... 越....越....

eg. The harder you work, the happier you feel. 你工作越努力，就越觉得快乐。

总结：倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装。

全部倒装：

①当首句为方位或时间副词，谓语动词为go，come等时通常用全部倒装。

② 如果句首出现了地点状语，句子也可以进行全部倒装。 ③ 当句子当中出现分词结构的时候，可以把现在分词或过去分词和地点状语联系在一起放在句首，

把be 动词留在中间当作谓语动词，主语放在后面。

部分倒装：

1、当句首状语为否定词或带有否定意义的词语时，这个句子就需要部分倒装 。

2、当句首为only加状语的时候，这个句子需要部分倒装。

3、so......that 结构中的so位于句首时，常引起部分倒装 。

4、句子开头的as 处在第二个单词的位置上，表示虽然的意思。

5、常见的固定搭配结构中需要用倒装的情况。

hardly.....when....; scarcely .....when..... ;no sooner....than.....： hardly，scarcely，no sooner 后面一定要用过去完成时，when 后面用一般过去时;the more ......the more... 越....越.... ;

否定：

eg. All the birds can not fly.

Not all the birds can fly. 不是所有的鸟都会飞。

1. 部分否定

eg. All the birds can not fly. 并非所有的鸟都会飞。

None of the birds can fly. 所有的鸟都不会飞。

表示全部意思的代词或副词如all, both, every, everybody, every day, everyone, everything, everywhere等与not搭配使用时，无论not在前还是在后，都表示部分否定，意思为“并非都是"等。

eg. All is not gold that glitters. = Not all is gold that glitters. 发光的并非都是金子。

2. 全部否定

英语中常用not, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, neither, never等表示全部否定的概念。

eg. Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。

双重否定：

1.在一个句子中出现两个否定词：not, never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, few, little, none等，双重否定表示肯定的概念。 eg. No one can command others who cannot command himself.

A person can command others who command himself. 正人先正己。

eg. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they can not fully participate in our democracy.

如果没有能力进行批判性思维，维护自己的观点，并理解他人的观点，他们就不能充分的参与我们的民主政治中来。

2.形式否定，意义肯定

eg. A man can never have too many ties. 一个男人可以拥有很多的领带。

A woman can never have too many dresses. 一个女人拥有再多的衣服也不为过。

eg. We can hardly praise his achievement too much. 对他的成就我们无论怎样赞扬也不过分。

eg. A mother can never be patient enough with her child. 一个母亲对她的孩子再怎么耐心也不为过。

A teacher can never be strict enough with his students. 一个老师对他的学生再怎么严格也不为过。

3. 形式肯定，意义否定

①more A than B 意思为“A不是B;与其说是B，不如说是A”

eg. The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar. 这本书看起来与其说是一本语法书，不如说是一本词典。

He is more a composer than a singer. 与其说他是一个歌唱家不如说他是一个创作者。

② anything but 意思为“一点都不是，根本不是，绝对不是”

eg. I am anything but a teacher. 我一定不是一个老师。

eg. I will do anything but that. 我决不干那件事。

③ no more ...than 与 not more ....than

no more ...than意为“两者都不....” not more....than 意为“两者都肯定，前者不如后者”

eg. This book is no more interesting than that one. 这本书和那本书一样特别没趣。

eg. This book is not more interesting than that one. 这本书不如那本书有趣。

eg. This boy is not more honest than that one. 这两男孩都很诚实，前面的男孩不如后面的男孩诚实。

This boy is no more honest than that one. 这两个男孩都不诚实。

④ no more than与 not more than

no more than 强调“少”，译作“只有、不过、仅仅” not more than 是客观叙述，意为“不超过”。

eg. He said no more than we had expected. 他只是说了我们所预料的而已。

eg. Though they think it takes no more than three days to fulfill the mission, I believe it takes not less than six days. 虽然他们认为完成这任务只需三天，但我却认为至少需要六天。

eg. He has not more than five dollars on him. 他身上带的钱不超过五美元。

eg. He is not more than 10 years old. 他最多不超过10岁。

总结：

1. 部分否定

2. 全部否定

3. 双重否定：①在一个句子中出现两个否定词;②形式否定，意义肯定

4. 形式肯定，意义否定

5. no more .... than与 not more ....than ;no more than与 not more than

英语对于现在的中国学生来说已经成为了一种重要的语言。英语作为一种语言,本身就是一个系统,需要靠英语语法来规范,接下来我为你整理了英语简单语法知识点，一起来看看吧。

there be 句型，be going to 结构

1. Be going to 结构，表示打算，准备，计划做某事

结构：主语+be动词+going to +动词原型

I am going to make a bookcase.

They are going to paint it.

The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter.

变疑问句将be动词移到句首

Are you going to make a bookcase?

Are they going to paint it?

Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter?

变否定句在be动词后面加not

I am not going to make a bookcase.

They are going to paint it.

The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter.

肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, I am. No, I am not.

Yes, they are. No, they are not.

Yes, he is. No, he is not.

特殊疑问句

What are you going to do?

What are they going to do?

What is the father going to do?

2. There be 句型：表示哪里有什么东西(某处有某物)

There is+单数名词+表示场所的词(一般为介词词组)

There is a book in this room.

There is a pen on the table

There are+复数名词+表示场所的词(一般为介词词组)

There are two pens on the table.

There are three schools there.

变疑问句将be动词移到句首

Is there a book in this room?

Are there two pens on the table?

变否定句在动词后面加not

There is not a book in this room.

There are not two pens on the table.

肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, there is. No, there is not.

Yes, there are. No, there are not.

选择疑问句：是指提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择的句式

一种是以一般疑问句的结构形式为基础，只是在语调上有所区别。

例如：Would you like coffee or tea?

这一类选择疑问句通常都是在前一个供选择的答案用低升调，后一个用降调;如果有两个以上供选择的答案，则在最后一个用降调，其余都用低升调。

例如：

Would you like a gin，or a whisky，or a `beer?

你是要喝杜松子酒，还是威士忌酒，还是啤酒?

这种语调上的特征往往是区别选择疑问句和一般疑问句的重要标志。试比较：

Shall we leave at six or `seven?

我们是 6 点动身还是 7点动身?

Shall we leave at six or seven?

我们在6，7点钟动身好吗?

上述第一例是选择疑问句，其答案只能是两者之一。

We shall leave at six/seven.我们将在6点/7点动身。

上述第二例是一般疑问句，它的答案只是 yes/no，而且并不肯定是6点或7点，甚至可能既不是6点，也不是7点：

Yes，we shall leave at six or seven.是的，我们将在 6， 7点钟动身。

No.We must leave earlier.不。我们必须早点动身。

另一种选择疑问句是以特殊疑问句的结构形式为基础的，也是在语调上有所区别。

例如：Which vase shall I use, the short one or the tall one ? The tall one.

在选择疑问句中的冠词用法。

Is she a housewife or a nurse?(她是一个家庭主妇还是护士?)

其中，or后的不定冠词a/an 不能省略。

特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子。

常用的疑问词有：what who whose which when where how why等。

可先分为3种:

疑问代词：what，who，which，whose，whom

疑问副词：when，where，why，how

疑问形容词：what(which，whose)+名词

特殊疑问句有两种语序

1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序：

疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分。

如:Who is singing in the room﹖ whose bike is broken﹖

2.如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其语序是：疑问词+一般疑问句语序?如:What class are you in﹖

What does she look like﹖

Where are you from﹖

What time does he get up every morning﹖

How do you know﹖

注意：

1.回答特殊疑问句时，不能用yes / no，即问什么答什么，尤其是简略回答。如：

Who is from Canada﹖ Helen (is).

Where's the restaurant﹖ Near the station.

Why do you like koalas﹖ Because they are cute.

2.特殊疑问句一般读降调(↓)。

特殊疑问词

Who谁——Whose谁的(加se)

Why为什么

When什么时候

Where在哪里

Which哪一个

What什么 ( What time什么时间 What colour什么颜色)

How怎么样

How many多少{数量}

How much多少钱{价格}，

多少(对不可数名词进行提问)

How long多长

How often多少次

How big多大

How heavy多重{重量}

自考现代英语语法重点句型

大家有看过自考教材 00831 0831 现代英语语法吗?下面是我给大家整理的自考教材 00831 0831 现代英语语法，供大家参阅!

【书名】：现代英语语法

【组编】：全国高等教育自学考试指导委员会

【主编】：李基安 王望妮

【版次】：2015年5月第1版

【出版】：外语教学与研究出版社

【代码】：00831

【定价】：46.00元

Chapter1 The structure of the English sentence

Chapter2 Sentence Types

Chapter3 Noun and Noun Phrase(1):Noun and Number

Chapter4 Noun and Noun Phrase(2):Determiner and Genitive

Chapter5 Verb and Verb Phrase(1):Tense,Aspect and Future

Chapter6 Verb and Verb Phrase(2):Passive Voice and Subjunctive Mood

Chapter7 Verb and Verb Phrase(3):Modal Auxiliaries

Chapter8 Verb and Verb Phrase(4):Non-finite Verbs

Chapter9 Adjective Phrase and Comparison

Chapter10 Preposition and Preposition Phrase

Chapter11 Coordination and Subordination

Chapter12 Relative Clause

Chapter13 Adverbials

Chapter14 Concord

Chapter15 Information Structure and Emphasis

Chapter16 Cohesion

Appendix I NOUN+Preposition

Appendix II Preposition+Noun

Appendix III Verb+Preposition

Appendix IV Adjective+Preposition

Bibliography

一、命题的指导思想

本门课程的命题应以全日制高校相同层次相同课程的同等水平为标准，从课程的特点出发，考核应试者能否熟练掌握现代英语语法的基本理论概念，掌握词的形态变化和用词造句的规则，以及简单的组句成篇的一般形式规律。

二、命题的工作步骤

1、第一阶段，命题教师学习、研究和分析本课程考试大纲的内容，以及大纲中规定的试题题型，统一命题要求，进行命题分工。

2、第二阶段，命题教师分头按接受的命题任务进行命题。

3、第三阶段，组成4套左右试卷。每次统考所用的试卷由自考办在其中随机抽取1套使用。

三、命题要求

1、命题教师应根据本门课程的考试大纲和教材，按照命题任务所分配的题型和题量进行命题。需要重点考查的内容，可以采用不同题型或从不同侧面提出问题，但不得出偏题、怪题。试题可以只考一个考核点，也可综合考核不同语言技能的多个考核点。

2、试题编制的质量要求

所编试题要做到：A：题意清楚，文字准确，内容完整，措词严密;B：所给的条件科学、恰当;C：标点符号正确，无拼写错误;D：答案简明、准确、评分标准合理;E：每题编制一张试题卡片。

3、题型编制规范

(1)单项选择题

领会能力层次试题可选自教材，但措辞避免与原教材雷同;

简单应用层次试题选自教材外，长度和难度与考纲例题相当。

(2)多项选择填空题

领会能力层次试题内容可参考教材，但措辞避免与原教材雷同;

简单应用层次试题选自教材外，长度和难度与考纲例题相当。

(3)填空题

领会能力层次试题可选自教材，但措辞避免与原教材雷同;

简单应用层次试题选自教材外，长度和难度与考纲例题相当。

(4)判断改错题

试题选自教材外，每题只含一个错误。改正时，可改写或增加或删除一个单词。

(5)简答题

简答题的问题选自教材，但措辞避免与原教材雷同。

(6)名词解释题

名词解释题的问题选自教材。

(7)改写句子题

选自教材外句子，长度和难度与考纲例题相当。

四、注意事项

编制单项选择题型试题时必须做到：①应有4个备选答案，且其中只能有一个正确答案;②题干文字简练，表述清楚，题意明确，备选答案的共同用语应尽可能置于题干之中;备选答案必须是题干所提问题，各个备选答案之间应避免互为依据或相互包含;④错误答案应具有迷惑性，或者是平常学习时易于混淆的内容;⑤正确答案的顺序应按随机原则排列，备选答案的题序号以A、B、……示列。

编制多项选择填空题型试题时，题型1：每题应有6个备选项，要求将其分为a, b两组;题型2和3：每题应有5至6个备选答案，且其中只能有2个正确答案，要求分别填入两个空格处。

五、组卷要求

1、试卷内容既要全面覆盖，又要保证突出重点。

2、每套试题均应相互独立，对某一试题的解答不得给另一试题以任何提示。

3、每套试卷均应能明显区分应试者及格或不及格两大层次。

4、题型分值结构

(1) 单项选择题20分(每小题1分)

(2)多项选择填空题16分(每小题2分)

(3)填空题20分(每小题1分)

(4)判断改错题8分(每小题1分)

(5)简答题6分(每小题2分)

(6)名(7) 词解释题4分(每小题2分)

(8)改写句子题26分(每小题2分)

六、其他

上海市自考委受全国考委委托，负责组织本门课程的命题工作，其有关事项均按国家教委(92)第22号《高等教育自学考试命题工作规定》执行。

自考本科英语二非常重要的考试科目，学习英语最重要的是背单词，背语法。下位小编为大家整理了50个自考英语二的高频知识点，考生可以参考。自考英语二语法知识点整理一、动词短语搭配1. be fond of “喜爱，爱好” 接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式[1] He's fond of swimming. 他喜欢游泳。[2] Are you fond of fresh vegetables. 你喜欢新鲜蔬菜吗？[3] He is fond of his research work. 他喜爱他的研究工作。2. hunt for = look for 寻找 hunt for a job 找工作3. in order to/so as to两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语， in order to可放于句首， so as to则不能， 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to.[1] He went to Beijing in order to/so as to attend an important meeting.[2] In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us.为了让我们注意他， 他朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手。4. care about[1] 喜欢，对……有兴趣 = care forShe doesn't care about money.她不喜欢钱。[2] 关心 = care forShe thinks only of herself. She doesn't care about other people. 她只考虑自己。不关心别人。[3] 在乎，在意（接从句或不接任何成分）These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话。5. such as 意为“诸如……”，“像……”，是用来列举人或事物的。She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry. 她教三门科目，像物理、化学。6. drop a line 留下便条， 写封短信7. make yourself at home 别客气；随便；无拘束If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 如果你在我之前到我家，自己喝点饮料，随便一点。8. stay up 不睡；熬夜[1] I'll be late home, don't stay up for me.我将回家很晚，不要等我了。[2] He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning.他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点。9. come about 引起；发生；产生[1] How did the accident come about?这场事故是怎么发生的？[2] They didn't know how the change had come about.他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的。10. except for 除……之外[1] except 与 except for 的用法常有区别。except 多用于引起同类事物中被排除的一项。如：①He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最后一个，他回答了所有问题。②We go there everyday except Sunday.除了星期天，我们天天去那里。[2] except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思。如：①Except for oneold lady, the bus was empty.除去一个老太太，这辆公共汽车全空了。②Your picture isgood except for the colours.你的画儿很好，只是某些色彩有问题。[3] 但在现代英语中，except for也用于表示except的意思。如上述第一个例子可以是：He answered all the questions except for the last one.[4] 另外，在介词短语之前只能用except，不能用except for。We go to bed before ten, except in the summer.除了夏季，我们通常十点之前上床睡觉。11. end up with 以……告终；以……结束The party ended up with an English song.聚会以一首英文歌结束。12. more or less 几乎；差不多；大约；大概；大体上[1] I've more or less succeeded, but they haven't.我差不多成功了，而他们没有。[2] Our living condition has more or less improved.我们的生活水平或多或少提高了。13. bring in 引进；引来；吸收[1] We should bring in new technology.我们应该引进新技术。[2] He brings in 800 dollars a month.他一个月挣八百美元。14. get away（from） 逃离[1] The thieves got away from the shop with all our money.小偷带着我们所有的钱从商店逃跑了。[2] I caught a really big fish but it got away.我钓到了一条好大的鱼，可是它逃掉了。15. watch out （for）注意；留心[1] Watch out! There is a car coming.小心！汽车来了。[2] Watch out for the hole in the road.留神路上的那个坑。16. see sb. off 给某人送行Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station.明天我到火车站给朋友送行。17. on the other hand 另一方面； 用以引出相互矛盾的观点、意见等，常说 on the one hand …… on the other hand 一方面……另一方面。I know this job of mine isn't well paid, but on the other hand I don't have to work long hours.我知道这份工作报酬不高，但从另一方面来说，我也不必工作太长时间。18. as well as 和/还 ， He is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。19. take place 发生 take one's place 入座、站好位置、取得地位take sb's place 或 take the place of 代替、取代20. on fire 相当于burning, 意为“燃烧；着火；起火”，有静态的含意。catch fire有动态的含意。set…on fire/set fire to…用来表示“使……着火”、“放火烧……”。Look, the theatre is on fire! Let's go and help.瞧，剧院着火了，咱们去帮忙救火吧。21. on holiday 在度假，在休假中 When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假的时候去看望了叔叔。22. travel agency旅行社=travel bureau23. take off[1] 脱下（衣服等）， 解（除）掉 He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋子。[2] （飞机）起飞 The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。[3] 匆匆离开 The six men got into the car and took off for the park.这六个人上了车，匆匆离开去公园。24. go wrong v. 走错路， 误入岐途， （机器等）发生故障25. in all adv. 总共26. stay away v.外出27. look up 查询（如宾语为代词，则代词放中间） Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典里查单词。相关词组：①look for 寻找；②look after照顾，照料；③look forward to期待；④look into调查；⑤look on旁观；⑥look out注意；⑦look out for注意，留心，提防；⑧look over翻阅，查看，检查；⑨look around环视；⑩look through翻阅，查看。28. run after 追逐，追求 If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.同时追两只兔子，你一只也抓不到。29. on the air 广播[1] We will be on the air in five minutes.我们五分钟以后开始广播。[2] This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出。30. think highly/well/much of对……评价很高， 赞赏， 对……印象好；think badly/nothing/little/lowly of……认为不好， 对……不在意， 不赞成， 觉得……不怎么样[1] He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他非常赞赏。[2] I think well of your suggestion.我觉得你的建议很好。[3] I don't think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样。31. leave out[1] 漏掉 You made a mistake—You've left out a letter “t”。你出错了—你漏掉了一个字母t.[2] 删掉， 没用 I haven't changed or left out athing.我没有作出变动也没有删掉任何东西。32. stare at （由于好奇、激动等张着嘴巴，睁大眼睛地）[1] 凝视，盯着看 Don't stare at foreigners. It's impolite.不要盯着外国人看，这样不礼貌。[2] glare at （to stare angrily at）怒视着33. make jokes about 就……说笑 They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我。[1] have a joke with … about…跟某人开关于某事的玩笑He stopped to have a joke with me.他停下来跟我开玩笑。[2] play a joke on…开某人的玩笑 We played jokes on each other. 我们互相开玩笑。[3] v. joke about 取笑They joked about my broken English.他们取笑我蹩脚的英。34. take over 接管；接替；继承[1] What is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。[2] Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。35. break down[1] 破坏；拆散 ①Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。 ②The peace talks are said to have broken down. （喻）据说和谈破裂了。[2]（机器）损坏 ①Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。 ②The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。[3] 失败；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。[4] 精神崩溃；失去控制 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭。[5] 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化。36. get on one's feet[1] 站起来；站起来发言[2] （=stand on one's feet）自立， 经济上独立[3] （人）病好了， 可以起床了； （使）恢复， 复苏（指企业）37. go through[1] 经历；经受；遭到 These countries have gone / been through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。[2] 完成；做完I didn't want to go through college.我不想上完大学。[3] 通过；批准 ①The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项法案。②Their plans went through. 他们的计划得到了批准。[4] 全面检查；搜查 They went through our luggage at the customs.在海关他们检查了我们的行李。38.take over 接管；接替；继承①what is good and still useful should be taken over.好的有用的东西应当继承。②Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over （his job）。我们的主席走了，因此杰克将接管（他的工作）。二、常考句型39. “So + be/have/助动词/情态动词+主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的，“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句，则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。[1] He's tired, and so am I. （=I' m also tired.）[2] You can swim，and so can I.（=I can also swim.）She has had supper，and so can I.（=I've had lunch，too.）[3] Tom speaks English，and so does his sister.（=His sister speaks English，too.）A: I went to the park yesterday.B: So did I.（=I also went to the park yesterday.）40.“So +主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed,certainly, 表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实，语气较强，意思是“确实如此”。A：It was cold yesterday.昨天很冷。B：So it was.的确如此。（=Yes，it was.）A：You seem to like sports.B：So I do.（=Yes，I do.）A：It will be fine tomorrow.B：So it will.（=Yes ，it will.）41.“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重复。My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.（=I handed inmy composition on time.） 语文老师叫我按时交作文， 我照办了。42. So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示 “……（的情况）也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时，要表示相同情况，必须使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒装句。She doesn't play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister.43. There you are. 行了，好。 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。[1] There you are! Then let's have some coffee.除此之外，还可以表示“瞧，对吧（果然如此）”的语气。[2] There you are! I knew we should find it at last.对吧！我就知道我们最终能找到的。44. have some difficulty （in） doing sth. 干某事有困难；接名词时，常用句型：have some difficulty with sth.[1] Do you have any difficulty （in） understanding English?你理解英语口语有困难吗？[2] She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation.她说她在发音方面有困难。45. have a good knowledge of sth. “掌握……”，“对……有某种程度的了解”[1] He has a good knowledge of London.他对伦敦有所了解。[2] A good knowledge of languages is always useful.三、长难句46. Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand.魏彬拿出一些花生。看着猴子从他手上吃花生，很有趣。[1] fun “好玩，趣事”，不可数名词，前面不加不定冠词aYou're sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今天晚上你肯定会玩得很开心。[2] make fun of“取笑”，“嘲弄”。People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket.人们嘲笑他只是因为他穿了一件那么奇怪的衣服。funny adj. “可笑的，滑稽的”He looks very funny in his father's jacket.他穿着他父亲的衣服，看上去很滑稽。47. It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate.把你盘子里所有东西吃完是有礼貌的。这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型，其中to finish eating everything 是主语，it是形式主语。四、常考语法48. 直接引语和间接引语[1] 直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。（一般过去时改成过去完成时）I broke your CD player.→He told me he had broken my CD player.（现在完成时改成过去完成时）Jenny said, “I have lost a book.”→Jenny said she had lost a book.（一般将来时改成过去将来时）Mum said, “I'll go to see a friend.”→Mum said she would go to see a friend.（过去完成时保留原有的时态）He said, “We hadn't finished our homework.”→He said they hadn't finished their homework.注意：直接引语是客观真理，过去进行时，时态不变。[2] 在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如：Mary said, “My brother is an engineer.”→Mary said her brother was and engineer.[3] 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句。如：He said, “Can you run, Mike?”→He asked Mike whether/if he could run.[4] 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell（ask, order, beg等） （not） to do sth.”句型。如：“Pass me the water, please.”said he.→He asked him to pass her the water.[5] 直接引语如果是以“Let's”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”的结构。如：She said, “Let's go to the cinema.”→She suggested going to the cinema.或She suggested that they should go to the cinema.49. 现在进行时表将来的动作现在进行时表将来的动作，谓语通常为瞬间动词。如：come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay, meet, get等。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。[1] 用现在进行时表示将来，指的是近期的，按计划或安排要发生的动作。[2] 现在进行时表示将来与表示正在进行的动作的区别在于：前者通常用瞬间动词（有时一些常用动词也可以这样用如：do）如：go, come, start, return, get, arrive等。而后者通常是持续性动词。① The train is arriving soon. 火车就要进站了。② He is reading a novel. 他在看小说。[3] 用现在进行时表示将来的时间，在句中或上下文中通常有表示将来时间的状语。[4] 现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于：前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的，而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情，因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。① What are you doing next Friday?下星期五你们打算干什么？② The plane takes off at 7：30 tonight.飞机今晚七点半起飞。50. 主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有as well as, but ,except, besides, with ,along with, together with, like 等，谓语动词仍用单数。The teacher as well as his students is excited.报考考试有疑问、不知道如何考点内容、不清楚报考考试当地政策，点击底部咨询猎考网，免费获取个人学历提升方案：

一本一考通就足够了，但是这是拿学士学位的科目，所以必须劲量得得拿高分一般来说是考书上的内容，像什么一般现在时，过去时，这之类的定义也是有可能出的定义一定要清楚自考不是考能力，只是考书本书本看好了一般就没有什么问题了

课本后面的大纲，就是识记、领会……那些。不知道英语有没有这些，没有就没办法了；有就是这些了