2021年10月自考押题英语二

第1段：员工有必要接受“再培训”。1、"Reskilling" is something 【 that sounds like a buzzword】   but is actually a requirement   {   if we plan to have a future   【 in which a lot of would-be workers do not get left behind】}   。在培训听上去是一个流行语，但如果我们希望未来的员工不被时代抛弃的话，这实际上是一个必要条件 。——“再培训”是员工进步的必要条件 2、 We know（that） {【we are moving into a period 】（where the jobs in demand will change rapidly）, as will the requirements of the jobs 【that remain】.}我们知道人们正在进入一个工作需求将发生迅速变化的时期，剩余岗位的需求也会很快改变。 —— 工作需求正发生迅速变化。 as引导方式状语，“就像”，后面倒装。正常语序是the requirements of the jobs that remain  will （change rapidly） 3、 ⭐ Research by the World Economic Forum finds that on average 42 per cent of the"core skills" within job roles will change by 2022.   That is a very short timeline. 世界经济论坛发现42%的核心技能，赋予的工作角色将要被改变。在2022年世界经济论坛的研究发现，到2020年工作岗位中平均有42%的核心技能将发生改变。剩下的时间不多了。 ——通过世界经济论坛佐证，“员工需要新的工作技能” 第2段：谁来为员工“再培训”买单？ 1、The question of who should pay for reskilling is a thorny one. 这个问题谁来买单这个重塑技能是一个棘手的问题。 2、 ⭐ For individual companies, the temptation is always to let go of workers 【whose skills are no longer in demand 】and replace them with those 【whose skills are.（省略 in demand） 】 对于个别公司来说，他们喜欢的做法总是抛弃那些技能不再有用的员工，取而代之的是那些具备符合要求技能的员工。 3、（转折句）That does not always happen.  这也不经常发生。 4、 ⭐ AT&T is often given as the gold standard of a company 【 that decided to do a massive reskilling program rather than go with a fire-and-hire strategy. 】 有的公司决定进行大规模再培训项目，而非采取解雇和雇佣的策略。美国电话电报公司就经常被视作这类公司的典范。我们找到第2题关键词，但是这个例子本身。例证题是要去找的外面去找第三句是转折句，所以我们找第二句，第二句是跟第四句的反义。 5、Other companies had also pledged to create their own plans. 其他公司也承诺会制定自己的计划。 6、When the skills mismatch is in the broader economy, though（转折） ,the focus usually turns to government to handle.然而当技能不匹配的现象出现在更广泛的经济领域时，焦点常常会转向政府，并由其处理。 7、 ⭐ Efforts in Canada and elsewhere have been arguably languid at best, and have given us a situation 【where we frequently hear of employers （begging for workers）】,even at times and in regions【 where unemployment is high】.可以这么说。加拿大和其他地方付出的努力，充其量还是不够。含这也使我们经常听到雇主央求招聘员工的情况发生，即使在失业率高的时期和地区也是如此。 languid表示“慵懒，慢悠悠”即努力不够，这词一般不认识考上下文。 and have givenus asituation，and 说明与上句并列意思基本一致，说明解决问题的努力（efforts）还不够，要不怎会出现招工难？ 第3段：高失业率下依然存在劳动力短缺现象 1、With the pandemic,unemployment is very high indeed. 随着流行疾病失业的人确实越来越高却确实非常高 2、In February,at 3.5 percent and 5.5 percent respectively,unemployment rates in Canada and United States were at generational lows and worker shortages were everywhere. 二月加拿大和美国的失业率分别为3.5%和5.5降到了代际低点，劳动力短缺的现象随处可见。 3、As of May, those rates had spiked up to 13.3 per cent and 13.7 per cent,and although many worker shortages had disappeared, not all had done so. 截至五月，两国失业率已经分别飙升到13%和13.7%，尽管许多工作的短缺情况消失了，但也并非所有行业都解决了这一问题。 4、 ⭐ In the medical field, to take an obvious example,the pandemic meant that there were still clear shortages of doctors, nurses and other medical personnel. 一个明显的例子，就是在医疗领域，疫情的爆发意味着医生护士和其他医务人员仍存在着大量短缺。 第4段：开展再培训的必要性 1、Of course,it is not like you can take and unemployed waiter and train him to be a doctor in a few weeks. 当然这并不是说你能在几周之内把一个失业的服务员培训他们成为一名医生 2、But even if you cannot close that gap,may be you can close others,and doing so would be to the benefit of all concerned. 但即便不能填补这个空缺，也许还在其他方面，可以有所突破。这样对所有的相关人员，都有好处。 3、 ⭐ That seems to be the case in Sweden: 【When forced to furlough 90 per cent of their cabin staff】 , Scandinavian Airlines decided to start up a short retraining program 【 that reskilled the laid-off workers to support hospital staff.】 瑞典似乎就有这样的情况，90%的空乘人员被迫休假后，北欧航空决定启动一项再培训的项目，重新培训这些失业的员工以支援医院的工作。 4、The effort was a collective one and involved other companies as well as a Swedish university.  这是一次集体的行动，其他公司和一所瑞典的大学都参与到了其中。21.Research by the World Economic Forum Suggests _____.世界经济论坛的研究 表明 了？ [A] an urgent demand for new job skills （“既然42%要变” ，那么对新的工作技能迫切的需求） [B] an increase in full-time employment    无中生有 [C] a steady growth of job opportunities    无中生有 [D]a controversy about the"core skills"    原文是 will change，并没有说“争议” 答案∶ A 22. AT&T is cited to show_____.【例证题找例外】文章引用at and t是为了证明？ [A] The characteristics of reskilling in programs 在培训的项目特点   无中生有 [B] The importance of staff appraisal standards 员工评价标准的重要性  无中生有 [C] An immediate need for government support  干扰项出自第6句，though转折了，故与A无关 [D]An alternative to the five-and-hire standards  解雇和雇佣策略之外的另一种选择 good 答案∶D 23.Efforts to resolve the skills mismatch in Canada___. 细节题（稍难） 在加拿大解决技能不匹配问题 努力 [A] have appeared to be insufficient  似乎还不够      注意题目问的是对“努力”的评价 [B] have driven labour costs up 抬高劳动力成本    无中生有 [C] have proved ti be inconsistent  被证明是矛盾的  无中生有 [D] have met with fierce opposition 遭到激烈反对    无中生有 答案∶A 24. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that there was_____.细节题（简） [A] a sign of economic recovery 暗示经济复苏   无中生有 [B] a call for policy adjustment   一种对政策调整的呼吁  无中生有 [C] a change in hiring practices  一种招聘方式的改变  无中生有 [D] a lack of medical workers 答案∶D 25.Scandinavian Airlines decided to_____.细节题（易） [A] create job vacancies for the unemployed  为失业者创造职位空缺。空缺不对，原文是给失业员工创造新的工作机会 [B] retrain their cabin staff for better services   前半句重新培训对，后半句无中生有 [C] prepare their laid-off workers for other jobs  让失业员工为其他工作做好准备 [D] finance their staffs' college education   为员工的大学教育提供资助  干扰项最后一句，原文是有一所大学参与这个项目，不是资助员工读大学 答案∶Cforum论坛 let go of  释放 放弃 massive 巨大 pledge 保证 arguably 按理 languid 慵懒 at best 最多充其量 Pendemic 流行病 spike 迅速增长 concerned 有关的 furlough 临时解雇 collective 集体的

Part B Directions: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph(41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points) [A] Stay calm [B] Stay humble [C] Don't make judgments [D] Be realistic about the risks [E] Decide whether to wait [F] Ask permission to disagree [G] Identify a shared goal How to Disagree with Someone More Powerful than You Your boss proposes a new initiative you think won't work.Your senior colleague outlines a project timeline you think is unrealistic.What do you say when you disagree with someone who has more power than you do? How do you decide whether it's worth speaking up? And if you do, what exactly should you say? Here's how to disagree with someone more powerful than you. You may decide it's best to hold of on voicing your opinion.Maybe you haven't finished thinking the problem through, the whole discussion was a surprise to you,or you want to get a clearer sense of what the group thinks.If you think other people are going to disagree too,you might want to gather your army first. People can contribute experience or information to your thinking— all the things that would make the disagreement stronger or more valid. It's also a good idea to delay the conversation if you're in a meeting or other public space.Discussing the issue in private will make the powerful person feel less threatened. 42.________________ Before you share your thoughts,think about what the powerful person cares about — it may be"the credibility"of their team or getting a project done on time.You're more likely to be heard if you can connect your disagreement to a higher purpose. When you do speak up, don't assume the link will be clear. You'll want to state it overtly, contextualizing your statements so that you're seen not as a disagreeable underling but as a colleague who's trying to advance a shared goal.The discussion will then become more like a chess game than a boxing match. 43.________________ This step may sound overly deferential, but, it's a smart way to give the powerful person psychological safety and control You can say something like,"I know we seem to be moving toward a fist-quarter commitment here.I have reasons to think that won't work.I'd like to lay out my reasoning. Would that be OK?"This gives the person a choice,allowing them to verbally opt in.And,assuming they say yes it ill make you feel more confident about voicing your disagreement. 44.________________ You might feel your heart racing or your face turning red,but do whatever you can to remain neutral in both your words and actions. When your body language communicates reluctance oranxiety,it undercuts the message.It sends a mixed message,and your counterpart gets to choose what to read. Deep breaths can help,as can speaking more slowly and deliberately. When we feel panicky we tend to talk louder and faster. Simply slowing the pace and talking in an even tone helps calm the other person down and does the same for you. It also makes you seem confident, even if you aren't. 45.________________ Emphasize that you're offering your opinion, not gospel truth.It may be a well-informed well-researched opinion,but it's still an opinion,my talk tentatively and slightly understate your confidence.Instead of saying something like,"If we set an end-of-quarter deadline, we'll never make it,"say,"This is just my opinion,but I don't see how we will make that deadline."Having asserted your position ((as a position,not as a fact), demonstrate equal curiosity about other views.Remind the person that this is your point of view,and then invite critique.Be genuinely open to hearing other opinions. 答案∶

部分省份报名时间已经公布，10月自考将于10月16日-17日进行。就目前自考报名人数来看，最多的就是人力资源管理，行政管理，汉语言文学，会计专业以及工商管理了，并且也是最容易考的5个专业。为什么这几个专业报名的人多呢？通过率高？今天就来分析下这几个专业的优势。一、汉语言文学#号称最受欢迎的自考专业1.主修课程必考课：语言学概论、外国文学史、中国文学史、美学、现代文学史、唐宋词研究选考课：中国文化概论、西方现代文学、红楼梦研究、英语、公文写作、新闻评论（2门左右，修满学分即可）2.专业优势文科专业，实用性强；没有数理化、学习更容易，快捷通关；取证快，只需一年半，汉语言轻松考完；二、行政管理#号称最容易通过的万金油专业1.主修课程必考课：领导科学、行政法学、行政组织理论、社会学概论、公共政策、公务员制度（8-16门，具体按各省份所定）选考课：普通逻辑、机关管理、中国行政史、财务管理学、企业管理学、现代管理学（2门左右，修满学分即可）2.专业优势性价比最高、就业面最广的综合管理类专业；免考数学、概率论等死一片人的科目，学起来轻松容易，成为最易通过的专业；取证快，2年通过是“标配”，部分地区最快一年半；各省211、985院校主考，含金量高；管理类知识经久不衰，开考科目实用性强、应用广。三、工商管理#号称最有钱途的自考专业1.主修课程必考课：线性代数（经管类）、英语二、财务管理学、管理学原理、企业经营战略、企业管理咨询（8-14门，具体按各省份所定）选考课：企业会计学、企业管理概论（2门左右，修满学分即可）2.专业优势易学、易通过：数学类科目重要考点非常少，题型变化少，历年雷同率非常高。；最受各大外企公司以及上市公司青睐的专业，就业前景广泛；取证快，2年通过是“标配”，部分地区最快一年半；岗位缺口大，据不完全统计，目前全国工商管理的缺口量将近百万；进阶的万能“跳板”，：对接“MBA"，即“工商管理硕士”，进入高层管理人脉圈。四、会计专业#不愁找不到工作的自考专业1.主修课程必考课：高等数学、审计学、市场营销学、金融理论实务、资产评估、线性代数（12-18门，具体按各省份所定）选考课：财政与金融、计量经济学、中级财务会计、财务管理学、综合英语4（2门以上，修满学分即可）2.专业优势会计专业就业率高，工作稳定，一次学习，终身受益；学历含金量高，就业前景好；工作岗位巨多，不愁找不到工作。五、学前教育#最具潜力的自考专业1.主修课程必考课：学前教育史、教育管理原理、中国近现代史、学前教育原理、幼儿园课程、学期教育心理学（6-10门，具体按各省份所定）选考课：英语二、普通逻辑、学前卫生学、学前比较教育（修满学分即可）2.专业优势文科专业，实用性强；市场潜力巨大；主考院校好、名师教学、培训技能，更传递经验，学历技能双丰收。注：以本科层次为例